Electrostatics

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Electric Charges and their Properties DPP - 01

1. The electric charge in uniform motion produces

(1) An electric field only
(2) A magnetic field only
(3) Both electric and magnetic field
(4) Neither electric nor magnetic field

2. A soap bubble is given a negative charge, then its radius

(1) Decreases
(2) Increases
(3) Remains unchanged
(4) Nothing can be predicted as information is insufficient

3. A body can be negatively charged by

(1) Giving excess of electrons to it
(2) Removing some electrons from it
(3) Giving some protons to it
(4) Removing some neutrons from it

4. A conductor has 𝟏𝟒. 𝟒 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟏𝟗 coulombs positive charge. The conductor has
(Charge on electron = 𝟏. 𝟔 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟏𝟗 coulombs)
(1) 9 electrons in excess
(2) 27 electrons in short
(3) 27 electrons in excess
(4) 9 electrons in short

5. Which of the following charges is/are not possible?

(1) √2e
(2) 1.6 × 10−18 C
(3) 3.2 × 10−17 C
(4) 1C

6. One metallic sphere A is given positive charge where as another identical metallic sphere B of exactly
same mass as of A is given equal amount of negative charge. Then
(1) Mass of A and mass of B still remain equal
(2) Mass of A increases
(3) Mass of B decreases
(4) Mass of B increases

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Answer key
Question 1 2 3 4 5 6
Answer 3 2 1 4 1 4

SOLUTIONS - 01

1. (3)
A movable charge produces electric field and magnetic field both.

2. (2)
Due to mutual repulsion of charges distributed on the surface of bubble.

3. (1)
Excess of electron gives the negative charge on body.

4. (4)
14.4×10−19
Positive charge shows the deficiency of electrons. Number of electrons = =9
1.6×10−19

5. (1)
(1) ∵ q = ne
√2e = ne ⇒ n = 1.414(fraction) → not possible
(2) 1.6 × 10−18 C = n(1.6 × 10−19 )C
⇒ n = 10 → possible
(3) 3.2 × 10−17 C = ne = n (1.6 × 10−19 )𝐶
⇒ n = 200 → possible
(4) 1C = ne = n (1.6 × 10−19 )𝐶
⇒ n = 625 × 1016 → possible

6. (4)
Negative charge means excess of electron which increases the mass of sphere B.

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Methods of charging DPP - 02

1. There are two metallic spheres of same radii but one is solid and the other is hollow, then
(1) Solid sphere can be given more charge
(2) Hollow sphere can be given more charge
(3) They can be charged equally (maximum)
(4) None of the above

2. A positively charged body 'A' attracts a body 'B' then charge on body 'B' may be :
(1) positive
(2) negative
(3) both
(4) can't say

3. A glass rod rubbed with silk is used to charge a gold leaf electroscope and the leaves are observed to
diverge. The electroscope thus charged is exposed to X-rays for a short period. Then
(1) The divergence of leaves will not be affected
(2) The leaves will diverge further
(3) The leaves will collapse
(4) The leaves will melt

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Answer key
Question 1 2 3
Answer 3 3 2

SOLUTIONS - 02
1. (3)
Because in case of metallic sphere either solid or hollow, the charge will reside on the surface of the sphere.
Since both spheres have same surface area, so they can hold equal maximum charge.

2. (3)
If B is –ve

If B is +ve

So, both possibility are there so, (3) is correct.

3. (2)
Charge on glass rod is positive, so charge on gold leaves will also be positive. Due to X-rays, more electrons
from leaves will be emitted, so leaves becomes more positive and diverge further.

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Coulombs law, Force between two point charges DPP - 03

1. Two small conducting spheres of equal radius have charges +10C and –20C respectively and placed
at a distance R from each other experience force F1. If they are brought in contact and separated to the
same distance, they experience force F2. The ratio of F1 to F2 is -
(1) 1:8
(2) –8:1
(3) 1:2
(4) –2:1

2. Two charges each equal to 𝟐𝝁𝑪 are 0.5m apart. If both of them exist inside vacuum, then the force
between them is
(1) 1.89 N
(2) 2.44 N
(3) 0.144 N
(4) 3.144 N

3. Two point charges placed at a certain distance r in air exert a force F on each other. Then the distance r’
at which these charges will exert the same force in a medium of dielectric constant k is given by
(1) r
(2) r/k
(3) 𝑟/√𝑘
(4) 𝑟√𝑘

4. There are two charges +1 microcoulomb and +5 microcoulomb. The ratio of the forces acting on them
will be
(1) 1:5
(2) 1:1
(3) 5:1
(4) 1 : 25

5. A total charge Q is broken in two parts 𝑸𝟏 and 𝑸𝟐 and they are placed at a distance R from each other.
The maximum force of repulsion between them will occur, when
𝑄 𝑄
(1) 𝑄2 = , 𝑄1 = 𝑄 − 𝑅
𝑅
𝑄 2𝑄
(2) 𝑄2 = , 𝑄1 = 𝑄 −
4 3
𝑄 3𝑄
(3) 𝑄2 = , 𝑄1 =
4 4
𝑄 𝑄
(4) 𝑄1 = , 𝑄2 =
2 2

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6. +2C and +6C two charges are repelling each other with a force of 12N. If each charge is given –2C of
charge, then the value of the force will be
(1) 4N (Attractive)
(2) 4N (Repulsive)
(3) 8N (Repulsive)
(4) Zero

7. Two charges 𝒒𝟏 and 𝒒𝟐 are placed in vacuum at a distance d and the force acting between them is F. If a
medium of dielectric constant 4 is introduced around them, the force now will be
(1) 4F
(2) 2F
𝐹
(3)
2
𝐹
(4)
4

8. Force of attraction between two point charges Q and –Q separated by d metre is 𝐅𝐞 . When these
charges are placed on two identical spheres of radius R = 0.3d whose centres are d metre apart, the
force of attraction between them is
(1) Greater than Fe
(2) Equal to 𝐹𝑒
(3) Less than 𝐹𝑒
(4) None of these

9. Two similar spheres having +q and –q charge are kept at a certain distance. F force acts between the
two. If in the middle of two spheres, another similar sphere having +q charge is kept, then it
experience a force in magnitude and direction as
(1) Zero having no direction
(2) 8F towards +q charge
(3) 8F towards -q charge
(4) 4F towards +q charge

10. The force between two charges 0.06m apart is 5N. If each charge is moved towards the other by 0.01m,
then the force between them will become
(1) 7.20N
(2) 11.25N
(3) 22.50N
(4) 45.00N

11. Two charges placed in air repel each other by a force of 𝟏𝟎−𝟒 𝐍. When oil is introduced between the
charges, the force becomes 𝟐. 𝟓 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟓 𝐍. The dielectric constant of oil is
(1) 2.5
(2) 0.25
(3) 2.0
(4) 4.0

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12. The charges on two sphere are +𝟕𝝁𝑪 and −𝟓𝝁𝑪 respectively. They experience a force F. If each of them is
given and additional charge of −𝟐𝝁𝑪, the new force of attraction will be
(1) F
(2) F/2
(3) 𝐹/√3
(4) 2F

13. The ratio of electrostatic and gravitational forces acting between electron and proton separated by a
distance 𝟓 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟏𝟏 𝒎, will be (Charge on electron = 𝟏. 𝟔 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟏𝟗 𝒎 C, mass of electron = 𝟗. 𝟏 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟑𝟏 kg,
mass of proton = 𝟏. 𝟔 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟐𝟕 kg, G = 𝟔. 𝟕 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟏𝟏 𝑵𝒎𝟐 /𝒌𝒈𝟐 )
(1) 2.36 × 1039
(2) 2.36 × 1040
(3) 2.34 × 1041
(4) 2.34 × 1042

14. Three equal charges are placed on the three corners of a square. If the force between 𝒒𝟏 and 𝐪𝟐 is 𝐅𝟏𝟐
𝐅𝟏𝟐
and that between 𝐪𝟏 and 𝐪𝟑 is 𝐅𝟏𝟑 , the ratio of magnitudes is
𝐅𝟏𝟑
1
(1)
2
(2) 2
(3) 1/√2
(4) √2

15. Two point charges +𝟑𝛍𝐂 and +𝟖𝛍𝐂 repel each other with a force of 40N. If a charge of −𝟓𝛍𝐂 is added
to each of them, then the force between them will become
(1) -10N
(2) +10N
(3) +20N
(4) -20N

16. Two copper balls, each weighing 10g, are kept in air 10cm apart. If one electron from every 𝟏𝟎𝟔 atoms
is transferred from one ball to the other, the coulomb force between them is (atomic weight of copper
is 63.5 gm)
(1) 2.0 × 1010 𝑁
(2) 2.0 × 104 𝑁
(3) 2.0 × 108 𝑁
(4) 2.0 × 106 𝑁

17. Two identical balls each have a mass of 10g. What charges should these balls be given so that their
interaction equalizes the force of universal gravitation acting between them? The radii of the balls may
be ignored in comparison to distance between them.
(1) 6.34 × 10−11 𝐶
(2) 8.57 × 10−11 𝐶
(3) 6.34 × 10−13 𝐶

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(4) 8.57 × 10−13 𝐶

18. The diagram shows the arrangement of there small uniformly charged spheres A, B and C. The arrows
indicate the direction of the electrostatic forces acting between the spheres (for example, the left
arrow on sphere A indicates the electrostatic force on sphere A due to sphere B). At least two of the
spheres are positively charged. Which sphere, if any, could be negatively charged?
A

B C

(1) Sphere A
(2) Sphere B
(3) Sphere C
(4) None of the spheres

19. A charge 𝒒𝟏 exerts some force on a second charge 𝒒𝟐 . If third charge 𝐪𝟑 is brought near, the force of 𝒒𝟏
exerted on 𝒒𝟐
(1) Decreases
(2) Increases
(3) Remains unchanged
(4) Increases if 𝑞3 is of the same sign as 𝑞1 and decreases if 𝑞3 is of opposite sign

20. Two identical conducting spheres having unequal positive charges 𝒒𝟏 and 𝒒𝟐 separated by distance r. If
they are made to touch each other and then separated again to the same distance, the electrostatic
force between the spheres in this case will be (neglect induction of charges)
(1) less than before
(2) same as before
(3) more than before
(4) zero

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Answer key
Question 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Answer 2 3 3 2 4 4 4 1 3 2 4 1 1 2 1
Question 16 17 18 19 20
Answer 3 4 1 3 3

SOLUTIONS - 03

1. (2)
𝐹1 𝑄1 𝑄2 10 × −20 8
𝐹 ∝ 𝑄1 𝑄2 ⇒ = ′ ′ = =−
𝐹2 𝑄1 𝑄2 −5 × −5 1

2. (3)
𝑄2
By using 𝐹 = 9 × 109 .
𝑟2
−6 2
9 (2×10 )
 𝐹 =9× 10 . = 0.144𝑁
(0.5)2

3. (3)
𝑄1 𝑄2 𝑄1 𝑄2 𝑟
F = F or = ⇒ 𝑟′ =
4𝜋𝜀0 𝑟2 4𝜋𝜀0 𝑟′2 𝐾 √𝐾

4. (2)
The same force will act on both bodies although their directions will be different.

5. (4)
𝑄1 𝑄2
𝑄1 + 𝑄2 = 𝑄 ..... (i) and 𝐹 = 𝑘 .....(ii)
𝑟2
𝑘𝑄1 (𝑄−𝑄1 )
From (i) and (ii) 𝐹 =
𝑟2
𝑑𝐹 𝑄
For F to be maximum = 0 𝑄1 = 𝑄2 =
𝑑𝑄1 2

6. (4)
𝑘𝑄1 𝑄2 0×4
Resultant charges after adding the –2C be (–2+2)=0 and (–2+6)=+4C ⇒ F= =𝑘× =0
𝑟2 𝑟2

7. (4)
1
In the presence of medium force becomes times.
𝐾

8. (1)
Separation between the spheres is not too large as compared to their radius so due to induction effect
redistribution of charge takes place. Hence effective charge separation decreases so force increases.

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9. (3)
𝑄2
Initially, force between A and C 𝐹=𝑘
𝑟2
+Q +Q –Q

A FA FC C
r/2
B r/2
r
When a similar sphere B having charge +Q is kept at the mid point of line joining A and C, then Net force on B
𝑄2 𝑘𝑄2 𝑘𝑄2
is 𝐹𝑛𝑒𝑡 = 𝐹𝐴 + 𝐹𝐶 = 𝑘 (𝑟⁄ + (𝑟⁄ =8 = 8𝐹.
2)2 2)2 𝑟2

(Direction is shown in figure)

10. (2)
1 𝐹1 𝑟 2 5 0.04 2
𝐹∝ ⇒ = ( 2) ⇒ =( ) = 𝐹2 = 11.25𝑁
𝑟2 𝐹2 𝑟1 𝐹2 0.06

11. (4)
𝐹𝑎 10−4
By using 𝐾 = ⇒𝐾= =4
𝐹𝑚 2.5×10−5

12. (1)
1 (+7 × 10−6 )(−5 × 10−6 ) 1 35 × 1012
𝐹= = − 𝑁
4𝜋𝜀0 𝑟2 4𝜋𝜀0 𝑟2
1 (+5 × 10−6 )(−7 × 10−6 ) 1 35 × 1012
𝐹′ = = − 𝑁
4𝜋𝜀0 𝑟2 4𝜋𝜀0 𝑟2

13. (1)
𝐺𝑚𝑒 𝑚𝑝
Gravitational force 𝐹𝐺 =
𝑟2
6.7×10−11 ×9.1×10−31 ×1.6×10−27
𝐹𝐺 = = 3.9 × 10−47 𝑁
(5×10−11 )2
1 𝑒2
Electrostatic force 𝐹𝑒 =
4𝜋𝜀0 𝑟2
9×109 ×1.6×10−19 ×1.6×10−19
𝐹𝑒 = = 9.22 × 10−8 𝑁
(5×10−11 )2
𝐹𝑒 9.22×10−8
So, = = 2.36 × 1039
𝐹𝐺 3.9×10−47

14. (2)

1 𝑞2 1 𝑞2 𝐹12
𝐹12 = ⋅ and 𝐹13 = ⋅ ⇒ =2
4𝜋𝜀0 𝑎2 4𝜋𝜀0 (𝑎√2)2 𝐹13

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15. (1)
In second case, charges will be −2𝜇𝐶 and +3𝜇𝐶
𝐹 𝑄1 𝑄2
Since 𝐹 ∝ 𝑄1 𝑄2 i.e. =
𝐹′ 𝑄′1 𝑄′2

40 3×8
∴ = = −4 ⇒ 𝐹′ = 10𝑁 (Attractive)
𝐹′ −2×3

16. (3)
10
Number of atoms in given mass = 63.5 × 6.02 × 1023 = 9.48 × 1022

9.48×1022
Transfer of electron between balls = 106
= 9.48 × 1016
Hence magnitude of charge gained by each ball.
Q = 9.48 × 1016 × 1.6 × 10−19 = 0.015 C
(0.015)2
Force of attraction between the balls 𝐹 = 9 × 109 × (0.1)2
= 2 × 108 𝑁.

17. (4)
𝐾𝑞1 𝑞2 𝐺𝑚1 𝑚2
𝑟2
= 𝑟2

18. (1)

19. (3)
𝑞1 𝑞2
The force will still remain
4𝜋𝜀0 𝑟2

20. (3)
𝐾𝑞1 𝑞2
Case – (1) 𝐹1 =
𝑟2
After touching and separation
𝐾 𝑞1 +𝑞2 2
Case – (2) 𝐹2 = ( )
𝑟2 2
𝐹2 > 𝐹1 ( AM > GM)

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Coulomb’s law in Vector form DPP - 04

1. A Charge 𝐐𝟏 = 𝟐𝛍𝐜 is placed at (2,4,6) and other charge B (𝟑𝛍𝐜) is at (1,2,2) then find force on A due to B
-
54×10−2
(1)
(21)3/2
(î + 2ĵ + 4k̂)
54×10−3
(2)
21
(î + 2ĵ + 4k̂)
54×10−3
(3)
(21)3/2
(−î − 2ĵ − 4k̂)
(4) None of the above

2. Choose the correct option for coulombs Law –

F12

r1
r2 F21

kq1 q2
(1) ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
F12 = (r⃗⃗⃗ r2 )
− ⃗⃗⃗
|r1 −r2 |3 1

kq1 q2
(2) ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
F12 = (r⃗⃗⃗ r1 )
− ⃗⃗⃗
|r1 −r3 |3 2

kq1 q2
(3) ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
F12 = (r⃗⃗⃗ r2 )
+ ⃗⃗⃗
|r1 −r2 |3 1

(4) None of these

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Answer key
Question 1 2
Answer 1 1

SOLUTIONS - 04
1. (1)
kq1 q2
FAB = |r 3 (r
⃗⃗⃗1 − ⃗⃗⃗
r2 )
1 −r2 |

9×109 ×2×3×10−12
= 3 (î + 2ĵ + 4k̂)
(√1+4+16)

54×10−3
= (21)3/2
(î + 2ĵ + 4k̂)

2. (1)

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Superposition Principle DPP - 05

𝛑
1. ABC is a right angled triangle in which AB = 3cm and BC = 4cm and ∠𝐀𝐁𝐂 = . The three charges
𝟐
+15esu, +12esu and –20esu are placed respectively on A, B and C. The force acting on B is
(1) 125 dynes
(2) 35 dynes
(3) 25 dynes
(4) Zero

2. Four charges are arranged at the corners of a square ABCD, as shown in the adjoining figure. The force
on the charge kept at the centre O is
A B
+q +2q

– 2q +q
D C

(1) Zero
(2) Along the diagonal AC
(3) Along the diagonal BD
(4) Perpendicular to side AE

3. Electric charges of 𝟏𝛍𝐂, −𝟏𝝁𝑪 and 𝟐𝝁𝑪 are placed in air at the corners A, B and C respectively of an
equilateral triangle ABC having length of each side 10 cm. The resultant force on the charge at C is
(1) 0.9 N
(2) 1.8 N
(3) 2.7 N
(4) 3.6 N

4. Three charges each of magnitude q are placed at the corners of an equilateral triangle, the electrostatic
force on the charge placed at the center is (each side of triangle is L)
(1) Zero
1 𝑞2
(2)
4𝜋𝜀0 𝐿2

1 3𝑞2
(3)
4𝜋𝜀0 𝐿2

1 𝑞2
(4)
12𝜋𝜀0 𝐿2

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5. Three charges are placed at the vertices of an equilateral triangle of side ‘a’ as shown in the following
figure. The force experienced by the charge placed at the vertex A in a direction normal to BC
A
+Q

–Q +Q
B a C

(1) 𝑄2 /(4𝜋𝜀0 𝑎2 )
(2) −𝑄2 /(4𝜋𝜀0 𝑎2 )
(3) Zero
(4) 𝑄2 /(2𝜋𝜀0 𝑎2 )

6. Equal charges q are placed at the four corners A,B,C,D of a square of length a. The magnitude of the
force on the charge at B will be
3𝑞2
(1)
4𝜋𝜀0 𝑎2

4𝑞2
(2)
4𝜋𝜀0 𝑎2

1+2√2 𝑞2
(3) ( ) 4𝜋𝜀 2
2 0𝑎

1 𝑞2
(4) (2 + ) 2
√
2 4𝜋𝜀 0𝑎

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Answer key
Question 1 2 3 4 5 6
Answer 3 3 2 1 3 3

SOLUTIONS - 05

1. (3)
Net force on B 𝐹𝑛𝑒𝑡 = √𝐹2𝐴 + 𝐹2𝐶
A +15 esu

3 cm

B FC C
+12 esu – 20 esu
4 cm
2 2
FA Fnet = F A + FC

15×12 12×20
𝐹𝐴 = = 20𝑑𝑦𝑛𝑒, 𝐹𝐶 = = 15𝑑𝑦𝑛𝑒
(3)2 (4)2

 𝐹𝑛𝑒𝑡 = √𝐹2𝐴 + 𝐹2𝐶 = √(20)2 + (15)2 = 25𝑑𝑦𝑛𝑒

2. (3)
We put a unit positive charge at O. Resultant force due to the charge placed at A and C is zero and resultant
charge due to B and D is towards D along the diagonal BD.

3. (2)
𝐹𝐴 = force on C due to charge placed at A
10−6 ×2×10−6
= 9 × 109 × = 1.8𝑁
(10×10−2 )2

FB = force on C due to charge placed at B

10−6 ×2×10−6
= 9 × 109 × = 1.8𝑁
(0.1)2

Net force on C
𝐹𝑛𝑒𝑡 = √(𝐹𝐴 )2 + (𝐹𝐵 )2 + 2𝐹𝐴 𝐹𝐵 𝑐𝑜𝑠 1 20𝑜 = 1.8𝑁

4. (1)
→ → →
In the following figure since | 𝐹𝐴 | = | 𝐹𝐵 | = | 𝐹𝐶 | and they are equally inclined with each other, so their
resultant will be zero.
q
A

FB Q FC

FA
q q
C B

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5. (3)
→ → 𝑄2
| 𝐹𝐵 | = | 𝐹𝐶 | = 𝑘. 2
𝑎
FC FC sin 60o
FC cos 60o 60o
FB cos 60o A
60o
FB 60o FB sin 60o

60o 60o +Q
–Q
a C
B

Hence force experienced by the charge at A in the direction normal to BC is zero.

6. (3)

a
2

After following the guidelines mentioned above

𝐹𝑛𝑒𝑡 = 𝐹𝐴𝐶 + 𝐹𝐷 = √𝐹2𝐴 + 𝐹2𝐶 + 𝐹𝐷

𝑘𝑞2 𝑘𝑞2
Since 𝐹𝐴 = 𝐹𝐶 = and 𝐹𝐷 =
𝑎2 (𝑎√2)2

√2𝑘𝑞2 𝑘𝑞2 𝑘𝑞2 1 𝑞2 1+2√2

𝐹𝑛𝑒𝑡 = + = (√2 + 2) = 4𝜋𝜀 2 ( )
𝑎2 2𝑎2 𝑎2 0𝑎 2

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Force between multiple charges DPP - 06

1. Two similar spheres having +q and -q charges are kept at a certain separation. F force acts between
them. If another similar sphere having +q charge is kept in the middle of them, it experience a force in
magnitude and direction as :-
(1) zero having no direction
(2) 8F towards +q charge
(3) 8F towards -q charge
(4) 4F towards +q charge

2. Four charges are placed at the circumference of the dial of a clock as shown in figure. If the clock has
only hour hand, then the resultant force on a positive charge q0 placed at the centre, points in the
direction which shows the time as :-

(1) 1:30
(2) 7:30
(3) 4:30
(4) 10:30

3. Two balls carrying charges +𝟕𝛍𝐂 and −𝟓𝛍𝐂 attract each other with a force F. If a charge −𝟐𝛍𝐂 is added
to both, the force between them will be –
(1) F
𝐹
(2)
2
(3) 2F
(4) zero

4. Two equal charges when placed 5 cm apart experience a repulsive force of 0.144 newtons. The
magnitude of the charge in micro-coulomb will be –
(1) 0.2
(2) 2
(3) 0
(4) 12

5. Two point charges of +𝟐𝛍𝐂 and +𝟔𝛍𝐂 repel each other with a force of 12 N. If each is given an
additional charge of −𝟒𝛍𝐂. Then force will become –
(1) 4N (attractive)
(2) 60N (attractive)
(3) 4N (repulsive)
(4) 12N (attractive)

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6. Electric charges of 𝟏𝛍𝐂 , −𝟏𝛍𝐂 and 𝟐𝛍𝐂 are placed in air at the corners, A, B and C, respectively, of an
equilateral triangle ABC having length of each side 10 cm. The resultant force on the charge at C is
(1) 0.9 N
(2) 1.8 N
(3) 2.7 N
(4) 3.6 N

7. Equal charges q are placed at the four corners A,B,C,D of a square of length a. The magnitude of the
force on the charge at B will be
3𝑞2
(1)
4𝜋𝜀0 𝑎 2
4𝑞2
(2)
4𝜋𝜀0 𝑎 2
1+2√2 𝑞2
(3) ( ) 4𝜋𝜀 𝑎2
2 0
1 𝑞2
(4) (2 + )
√2 4𝜋𝜀0 𝑎2

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Answer key
Question 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Answer 3 2 1 1 1 2 3

SOLUTIONS - 06
1. (3)
𝑘𝑞2
𝐹= 𝑟2

𝑘𝑞.𝑞 𝑘𝑞.𝑞 𝑘𝑞2

𝐹= + =8 = 8𝐹 (towards -q)
(𝑟/2)2 (𝑟/2)2 𝑟2

2. (2)

3. (1)
𝑘(7𝜇𝐶)(−5𝜇𝐶)
𝐹= 𝑥2

After adding (−2𝜇𝐶) charge

𝑘(5𝜇𝐶)(−7𝜇𝐶)
𝐹′ = 𝑥2
=𝐹

4. (1)
𝑘𝑄 2 9×109 𝑄 2
𝐹= 𝑟2
⇒ 0.144 = (5×10−2 )2

0.144×25×10−4 144×25
𝑄2 = 9×109
= 9
× 10−16
12×5
𝑄= 3
× 10−8 = 0.2 × 10−6 𝐶

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5. (1)
𝑘(2𝜇𝐶)(6𝜇𝐶)
𝐹1 = 𝑥2
= 12N repulsion

After adding charge (−4μC)

𝑘(−2𝜇𝐶)(2𝜇𝐶)
𝐹2 = 𝑥2
= -4N attractive

6. (2)

𝐹𝐴 = force on C due to charge placed at A

10−6 × 2 × 10−6
= 9 × 109 × = 1.8𝑁
(10 × 10−2 )2
FB = force on C due to charge placed at B
10−6 ×2×10−6
= 9 × 109 × (0.1)2
= 1.8𝑁

Net force on C

𝐹𝑛𝑒𝑡 = √(𝐹𝐴 )2 + (𝐹𝐵 )2 + 2𝐹𝐴 𝐹𝐵 𝑐𝑜𝑠 1 20𝑜 = 1.8𝑁

7. (3)
After following the guidelines mentioned above

𝐹𝑛𝑒𝑡 = 𝐹𝐴𝐶 + 𝐹𝐷 = √𝐹𝐴2 + 𝐹𝐶2 + 𝐹𝐷

𝑘𝑞2 𝑘𝑞2
Since 𝐹𝐴 = 𝐹𝐶 = and 𝐹𝐷 =
𝑎2 (𝑎√2)2

√2𝑘𝑞2 𝑘𝑞2 𝑘𝑞2 1 𝑞2 1+2√2

𝐹𝑛𝑒𝑡 =
𝑎2
+
2𝑎2
=
𝑎2
(√2 + 2) = 4𝜋𝜀 2 ( )
0𝑎 2

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Equilibrium of Charge System DPP - 07

1. A charge q is placed at the centre of the line joining two equal charges Q. The system of the three
charges will be in equilibrium, if q is equal to
𝑄
(1) −
2
𝑄
(2) −
4
𝑄
(3) +
4
𝑄
(4) +
2

𝓵
2. Three charges 4q, Q and q are placed on x-axis at position x = 0, x = , x = 𝓵 respectively. The resultant
𝟐
force on q will be zero, if Q =
(1) – q
(2) –2q
𝑞
(3) −
2

(4) 4q

3. Two small spheres each having the charge +Q are suspended by insulating threads of length L from a
hook. This arrangement is taken in space where there is no gravitational effect, then the angle between
the two suspensions and the tension in each will be
1 𝑄2
(1) 180𝑜 ,
4𝜋𝜀0 (2𝐿)2
1 𝑄2
(2) 90𝑜 ,
4𝜋𝜀0 𝐿2
1 𝑄2
(3) 180𝑜 ,
4𝜋𝜀0 2𝐿2
1 𝑄2
(4) 180𝑜 ,
4𝜋𝜀0 𝐿2

4. Three point charges are placed at the corners of an equilateral triangle. Assuming only electrostatic
forces are acting.
(1) The system can never be in equilibrium.
(2) the system will be in equilibrium if the charges rotate about the centre of the triangle.
(3) The system will be in equilibrium if the charges have different magnitudes and different signs.
(4) The system will be in equilibrium if the charges have the same magnitude but different signs.

5. Two identical simple pendulums, A and B, are suspended from the same point. The bobs are given
positive charges, with A having more charge than B. They diverge and reach equilibrium with A and B
making angles 𝛉𝟏 and 𝛉𝟐 with the vertical, respectively. Which of the following is correct?
(1) 𝜃1 > 𝜃2
(2) 𝜃1 < 𝜃2
(3) 𝜃1 = 𝜃2
(4) The tension in A is greater than that in B.

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6. Two point charges +9e and +e are kept 16 cm apart from each other. Where should a third charge q be
placed between them so that the system is in equilibrium state?
(1) 24 cm from +9e
(2) 12 cm from +9e
(3) 24 cm from +e
(4) 12 cm from +e

7. Two charges +4e and +e are at a distance x apart. At what distance a charge q must be placed from
charge +e so that it will remains in equilibrium ?
(1) x/2
(2) 2x/3
(3) x/3
(4) x/6

8. Charges, Q, q, Q, q are placed at the corners A, B, C, D of square, respectively. If the resultant force on
the charge Q is zero due to other charges, what is the relation between Q and q?
(1) 𝑄 = −2√2𝑞
(2) 𝑄 = 2𝑞
(3) 𝑄 = 2√2𝑞
1
(4) 𝑄 = − 𝑞
2√2

9. A charge q is placed at the centre of the line joining two equal charges Q. The system of the three
charges will be in equilibrium, if q is equal to
𝑄
(1) −
2
𝑄
(2) −
4
𝑄
(3) +4
𝑄
(4) +2

10. Two small spherical balls each carrying a charge Q = 𝟏𝟎𝛍𝐂 are suspended by two insulating threads of
equal lengths 1m each, from a point fixed in the ceiling. It is found that in equilibrium threads are
separated by an angle 60° between them, as shown in the figure. What is the tension in the threads?
𝟏
(Given: = 𝟗 × 𝟏𝟎𝟗 𝑵𝒎/𝑪𝟐 )
𝟒𝝅𝜺𝟎

(1) 18 N
(2) 1.8 N
(3) 0.18 N
(4) None of these

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Answer key
Question 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Answer 2 1 1 1 3 2 3 1 2 2

SOLUTIONS - 07
1. (2)
Suppose in the following figure, equilibrium of charge B is considered. Hence for it's equilibrium |𝐹𝐴 | = |𝐹𝐶 |
1 𝑄2 1 𝑞𝑄 −𝑄
⇒ = ⇒𝑞=
4𝜋𝜀0 4𝑥 2 4𝜋𝜀0 𝑥 2 4
QA = Q q QB = Q
FC
FA

A C B
x1 x2

Short Trick : For such type of problem the magnitude of middle charge can be determined if either of the
extreme charge is in equilibrium by using the following formula.
𝑥 2
If charge A is in equilibrium then q = – 𝑄𝐵 ( 1 )
𝑥
𝑥 2
If charge B is in equilibrium then 𝑞 = −𝑄𝐴 ( 2 )
𝑥
If the whole system is in equilibrium then use either of the above formula.

2. (1)
1 4𝑞×𝑞
The force between 4q and q; 𝐹1 = ⋅
4𝜋𝜀0 𝑙2

1 𝑄×𝑞
The force between Q and q; 𝐹2 = ⋅
4𝜋𝜀0 (𝑙/2)2

4𝑞2 4𝑄𝑞
We want 𝐹1 + 𝐹2 = 0 or =− ⇒ 𝑄 = −𝑞
𝑙2 𝑙2

3. (1)
The position of the balls in the satellite will become as shown below
180o
L L
+Q +Q

1 𝑄2
Thus angle 𝜃 = 180° and Force = ⋅
4𝜋𝜀0 (2𝐿)2

4. (1)

5. (3)
Because pendulums are identical so mass of both will be same. Hence, 𝜃1 = 𝜃2 .

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6. (2)
Suppose q is placed at a distance x from +9e, then for equilibrium net force on it must be zero i.e. |𝐹1 | = |𝐹2 |
𝑥 16
Which gives 𝑥1 = 𝑄
= 𝑒
= 12𝑐𝑚
√𝑄2+1 √9𝑒+1
1

Q1 =+ 9e F2 q F1 Q2 =+e

x1 x2
x =16 cm

7. (3)
√𝑒
𝑑=( )𝑥
√4𝑒+√𝑒

8. (1)

𝑘𝑞𝑄 𝑘𝑄𝑄
𝑎2
√2 = 𝑎2 2
𝑄 = −2√2𝑞

9. (2)
𝑘𝑄𝑄 4𝑘𝑄𝑞
𝑟2
= 𝑟2
−𝑄
𝑞= 4

10. (2)
In the following figure, in equilibrium 𝐹𝑒 = T sin 30o, r = 1m

o
30o 30

1m 1m

T T cos 30o
30o

+10 C Fe
T sin 30o +10 C
r
mg

𝑄2 1
⇒ 9 × 109 . =𝑇 ×
𝑟2 2
(10×10−6 )2 1
⇒ 9 × 109 . 12
= 𝑇 × 2 ⇒T = 1.8 N

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Electric field Intensity DPP - 08

1. The intensity of electric field required to balance a proton of mass 𝟏. 𝟕 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟐𝟕 kg and charge
𝟏. 𝟔 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟏𝟗 𝑪 in vertical direction, is nearly
(1) 1 × 10−7 𝑉/𝑚
(2) 1 × 10−5 𝑉/𝑚
(3) 1 × 107 𝑉/𝑚
(4) 1 × 105 𝑉/𝑚

2. The intensity of the electric field required to keep a water drop of radius 𝟏𝟎−𝟓 cm just suspended in air
when charged with one electron is approximately
(g = 10 newton / kg, 𝐞 = 1.6 × 1𝟎−19 coulomb)
(1) 260 volt/cm
(2) 260 newton/coulomb
(3) 130 volt/cm
(4) 130 newton/coulomb

3. A charged water drop whose radius is 0.1 𝛍𝐦 is in equilibrium in an electric field. If charge on it is equal
to charge of an electron, then intensity of electric field will be (g = 10 𝐦𝐬 –𝟏 )
(1) 1.61 N/C
(2) 26.2 N/C
(3) 262 N/C
(4) 1610 N/C

4. Two point charges of 𝟐𝟎𝛍𝐂 and 𝟖𝟎𝛍𝐂 are 10 cm apart. Where will the electric field strength be zero on
the line joining the charges from 𝟐𝟎𝛍𝐂 charge
(1) 0.1 m
(2) 0.04 m
(3) 0.033 m
(4) 0.33 m

5. A charged particle is suspended in equilibrium in a uniform vertical electric field of intensity 20000
V/m. If mass of the particle is 𝟗. 𝟔 × 𝟏𝟎(−𝟏𝟔) kg, the charge on it and excess number of electrons on the
particle are respectively (𝐠 = 𝟏𝟎𝐦/𝐬 𝟐 )
(1) 4.8 × 10−19 𝐶, 3
(2) 5.8 × 10−19 𝐶, 4
(3) 3.8 × 10−19 𝐶, 2
(4) 2.8 × 10−19 𝐶, 1

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Answer key
Question 1 2 3 4 5
Answer 1 2 3 3 1

SOLUTIONS - 08

1. (1)
𝑚𝑔 1.7×10−27 ×9.8
Since qE = mg or 𝐸 = =
𝑞 1.6×10−19

2. (2)
𝑚𝑔
For balance 𝑚𝑔 = 𝑒𝐸 ⇒ 𝐸 =
𝑒
4 4 22
Also 𝑚 = 𝜋𝑟 3 𝑑 = × × (10−7 )3 × 1000𝑘𝑔
3 3 7
4/3×22/7×(10−7 )3 ×1000×10
⇒𝐸= = 260𝑁/𝐶
1.6×10−19

3. (3)
4
In balance condition 𝑄𝐸 = 𝑚𝑔 = ( 𝜋𝑟 3 𝜌) 𝑔
3
E must be in vertically downward direction as charge is negative on the drop.

4. (3)

Let neutral point be obtained at a distance x from 20μC charge. Hence at neutral point
20 80
=  𝑥 = +0.033𝑚
(𝑥)2 (10−𝑥)2

5. (1)
In equilibrium
𝑚𝑔 9.6×10−16 ×10
QE = mg ⇒ 𝑛 = = =3
𝐸𝑒 20,000×1.6×10−19

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Electric Field due to a Point Charge DPP - 09

1. A charge produces an electric field of 1 N/C at a point distant 0.1 m from it. The magnitude of charge is
(1) 1.11 × 10−12 𝐶
(2) 9.11 × 10−12 𝐶
(3) 7.11 × 10−6 𝐶
(4) None of these

2. Electric field strength due to a point charge of 5𝜇C at a distance of 80 cm from the charge is
(1) 8 × 104 𝑁/𝐶
(2) 7 × 104 𝑁/𝐶
(3) 5 × 104 𝑁/𝐶
(4) 4 × 104 𝑁/𝐶

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Answer key
Question 1 2
Answer 1 2

SOLUTIONS - 09
1. (1)
𝑄
 𝐸 = 9 × 109
𝑟2
𝐸 × 𝑟2 1 × (0.1)2
𝑄= = = 1.11 × 10−12 𝐶
9 × 109 9 × 109

2. (2)
𝑄 5×10−6
𝐸 = 9 × 109 . = 9 × 109 × = 7 × 104 𝑁/𝐶
𝑟2 (0.8)2

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Electric field due to a System of Charges DPP - 10

1. ABC is an equilateral triangle. Charges +q are placed at each corner. The electric
intensity at centre O will be
1 𝑞
(1) 4𝜋𝜀
0 𝑟2

1 𝑞
(2) 4𝜋𝜀
0 𝑟

(3) Zero
1 3𝑞
(4) 4𝜋𝜀
0 𝑟2

2. Charges q, 2q, 3q and 4q are placed at the corners A, B, C and D of a square as shown
in the following figure. The direction of electric field at the centre of the square is
along

D C
4q 3q
(1) AB
(2) CB O

(3) BD q 2q

(4) AC
A B

3. Figures below show regular hexagons, with charges at the vertices. In which of the
following cases the electric field at the centre is not zero
q q q –q

q q q q

q q q –q

(1) (2)

2q 2q 2q q

q q q 2q

2q 2q 2q q
(3)
(4)

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(1) 1
(2) 2
(3) 3
(4) 4

4. Two charges +𝟓𝛍𝐂 and +𝟏𝟎𝛍𝐂 are placed 20 cm apart. The net electric field at the
mid-Point between the two charges is
(1) 4.5 × 106 𝑁/𝐶 directed towards +5𝜇𝐶
(2) 4.5 × 106 𝑁/𝐶directed towards +10𝜇𝐶
(3) 13.5 × 106 𝑁/𝐶 directed towards +5𝜇𝐶
(4) 13.5 × 106 𝑁/𝐶 directed towards +10𝜇𝐶

5. A cube of side b has a charge q at each of its vertices. The electric field due to this
charge distribution at the centre of this cube will be
(1) 𝑞 ⁄𝑏 2
(2) 𝑞/2𝑏 2
(3) 32𝑞/𝑏 2
(4) Zero

6. Four charges are placed on corners of a square as shown in figure having side of 5 cm.
If Q is one microcoulomb, then electric field intensity at centre will be
Q – 2Q

–Q + 2Q

(1) 1.02 × 107 𝑁/𝐶upwards

(2) 2.04 × 107 𝑁/𝐶downwards
(3) 2.04 × 107 𝑁/𝐶upwards
(4) 1.02 × 107 𝑁/𝐶downwards

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Answer key
Question 1 2 3 4 5 6
Answer 3 2 2 1 4 1

SOLUTIONS - 10
1. (3)

EC =E EB =E EBC = E
o
120
EC EB  o o 
120 120
EA EA = E
EA = E
Enet = 0

2. (2)
D C D C

EB
EA
EC  2E
O 2E
ED
Enet

A B A B

𝐸𝐴 = 𝐸, 𝐸𝐵 = 2𝐸, 𝐸𝐶 = 3𝐸, 𝐸𝐷 = 4𝐸

3. (2)
Electric field at a point due to positive charge acts away from the charge and due to
negative charge it act’s towards the charge.
q q
E E
E
q q  Enet = 0
E
E
E
q q

q –q
2E
q E E
o
q 120
E E 2E
E
E 2E
q –q Enet = 2E

4. (1)
From following figure,

EA = Electric field at mid point M due to +5𝜇𝐶 charge

5×10−6
= 9 × 109 × = 45 × 105 𝑁/𝐶
(0.1)2

EB = Electric field at M due to +10𝜇𝐶 charge

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+ 5C
M + 10C

EB EA B
A
20cm

10×10−6
= 9 × 109 × = 90 × 105 𝑁/𝐶
(0.1)2

Net electric field at 𝑀 = |𝐸⃗𝐵 | − |𝐸⃗𝐴 | = 45 × 105 𝑁/𝐶 = 4.5 × 106 𝑁/𝐶,

in the direction of EB i.e. towards +5𝜇𝐶 charge

5. (4)
Due to symmetric charge distribution.

6. (1)
Side 𝑎 = 5 × 10−2 𝑚
𝑎
Half of the diagonal of the square 𝑟 =
√2
𝑘𝑞
Electric field at centre due to charge q 𝐸 = 𝑎 2
( )
√2
q – 2q q – 2q
2E E
r 2E 90o E
O


E E
–q + 2q –q + 2q
𝑘𝑞 9×109 ×10−6 ×√2×2
Now field at O = √𝐸 2 + 𝐸 2 = 𝐸√2 = 𝑎 2
. √2 = = 1.02 × 107 𝑁/𝐶 (upward)
( ) (5×10−2 )2
√2

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Electrical field due to a finite length of the wire DPP - 11

1. If linear charge density of given wire is 𝝀 then 𝐄𝐱 will be ?

𝑘𝜆
(1) (𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃1 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃2 )
𝑟
𝑘𝜆
(2) 𝑟
(𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃1 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃2)
𝑘𝜆
(3) (𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃1 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃1)
𝑟
𝑘𝜆
(4) (𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃1 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃2)
𝑟

2. In previous question if wire is infinite long find net electric field at P ?

2𝑘𝜆
(1)
𝑟
4𝑘𝜆
(2)
𝑟
5𝑘𝜆
(3)
𝑟
𝑘𝜆
(4) √5
𝑟

3. Find net Electric Field at P ?

√2𝑘𝜆
(1)
𝑟
𝑘𝜆
(2)
𝑟
2𝑘𝜆
(3)
𝑟

(4) 0

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Answer key
Question 1 2 3
Answer 4 1 2

SOLUTIONS - 11

1. (4)

2. (1)
𝐾𝜆 2𝐾𝜆
𝐸𝑥 = 0 𝐸𝑦 = 𝑟
(1 + 1) = 𝑟

2𝐾𝜆
𝐸𝑛𝑒𝑡 = √𝐸𝑥2 + 𝐸𝑦2 = 𝑟

3. (2)
𝑘𝜆
𝐸= (𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃1 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃2 )
𝑟
𝑘𝜆 1 1
𝐸= ( + )
𝑟 2 2
𝑘𝜆
𝐸= 𝑟

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Electric field due to an arc DPP – 12

1. Find electric field at point P.

2kλ
(1) (sin 60°)
R

4kλ
(2) (sin 120°)
R

3kλ
(3) (sin 30°)
R

6kλ
(4) (sin 90°)
R

𝛌𝟏
2. If electric field at point P is zero. Then find
𝛌𝟐

λ1 2
(1) =
λ2 √3

λ1 1
(2) =
λ2 √2

λ1 √2
(3) =
λ2 3

λ1 √2
(4) =
λ2 1

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3. Find electric field at point P

√7Kλ
(1)
R

√3Kλ
(2)
R

√5Kλ
(3)
R

√5Kλ
(4)
2R

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Answer key
Question 1 2 3
Answer 1 2 3

SOLUTIONS - 12

1. (1)

θ = 120°
2kλ θ 2kλ
E= sin ( ) = (sin 60°)
R 2 R

2. (2)

For E
⃗P=0

E1 = E2
2Kλ1 1 2Kλ2 1
R
× = ×2
√2 R

√2λ1 = λ2
λ1 1
=
λ2 √2

3. (3)

2K(√2λ) 90° 2Kλ

E1 = R
sin ( 2
) = R

2K(λ) 60 Kλ
E2 = R
sin ( 2 ) = R

Kλ √5Kλ
Enet =
R
(√(1)2 + (2)2 ) =
R

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Electric field on an axial point of Ring DPP - 13

1. Find electric field at point P.

𝑘𝑄√5
(1)
12𝑅2

𝑘𝑄√1
(2)
24𝑅2

𝑘𝑄√30
(3)
48𝑅2

𝑘𝑄√15
(4)
64𝑅2

2. Due to uniformly charged ring electric field at point P which is at its axis is E, If here charge would have
been non uniformly distributed then electric field along the same axis –

(1) will remain same

(2) will be doubled
(3) cant find
(4) will reduce

3. Electric field at points 𝐏𝟏 and 𝐏𝟐 will be –

(1) in same direction

(2) in opposite direction
(3) along same axis

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(4) both (2) and (3)

4. A ring of charge with radius 0.5 m having a 0.02 m gap, carries a charge of +1 C. The field at the centre
is :

(1) 2.31 × 104 N/C

(2) 2.31 × 108 N/C
(3) 1.6 × 104 N/C
(4) 1.6 × 108 N/C

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Answer key
Question 1 2 3 4
Answer 4 1 4 2

SOLUTIONS - 13
1. (4)
𝑘𝑄(√15𝑅) 𝑘𝑄√15
𝐸𝑃 = 3 =
64𝑅2
(𝑅2 +15𝑅2 )2

2. (1)
Component of field due to charge on ring in the axial direction remains same. So, overall field in the axial
direction remains same.

3. (4)

4. (2)
𝑘𝑞
Electric field = where q is the charge of gap.
𝑅2

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Electric field due to a dipole DPP-14

1. The distance between the two charges +q and -q of a dipole is r. On the axial line at a distance d from
the centre of dipole, electric field intensity is proportional to
q
(1)
d2
qr
(2)
d2
q
(3)
d3
qr
(4)
d3

2. The electric field due to a dipole at a distance r on its axis

(1) Directly proportional to r 3
(2) Inversely proportional to r 3
(3) Directly proportional to r 2
(4) Inversely proportional to r 2

3. If 𝐄𝐚 be the electric field strength of a short dipole at a point on its axial line and 𝐄𝐞 that on the
equatorial line at the same distance, then
(1) Ee = 2Ea
(2) Ea = 2Ee
(3) Ea = Ee
(4) None of the above

4. An electric dipole is placed in an electric field generated by a point charge

(1) The net electric force on the dipole must be zero
(2) The net electric force on the dipole may be zero
(3) The torque on the dipole due to the field must be zero
(4) The torque on the dipole due to the field may be zero

5. A point Q lies on the perpendicular bisector of an electrical dipole of dipole moment P. If the distance
of Q from the dipole is r (much larger than the size of the dipole), then electric field at Q is
proportional to
(1) p−1 and r−2
(2) P and r−2
(3) p−1 and r−2
(4) P and r−3

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6. Two electric dipoles of moment P and 64 P are placed in opposite direction on a line at a distance of 25
cm. The electric field will be zero at point between the dipoles whose distance from the dipole of
moment P is
(1) 5cn
25
(2) cm
9

(3) 10cm
4
(4) cm
13

7. What is the angle between the electric dipole moment and the electric field strength due to it on the
equatorial line
(1) 0o
(2) 90o
(3) 180o
(4) None of these

8. The electric field intensity due to a dipole of length 10 cm and having a charge of 𝟓𝟎𝟎𝛍𝐂, at a point on
the axis at a distance 20 cm from one of the charges in air, is
(1) 6.25 × 107 N/C
(2) 9.28 × 107 N/C
(3) 13.1 × 1111 N/C
(4) 20.5 × 107 N/C

9. If the magnitude of intensity of electric field at a distance x on axial line and at a distance y on
equatorial line on a given dipole are equal, then x : y is
(1) 1:1
(2) 1 : √2
(3) 1:2
(4) √2 : 1
3

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Answer key
Question 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Answer 4 2 2 4 4 1 3 1 4

SOLUTIONS - 14
1. (4)
Field along the axis of the dipole
1 2p 1 2(q×r) qr
E = 4πε . d3 . 4πε . d3
; ∴ E ∝ d3
0 0

2. (2)
1 2p
E= .
4πε0 r3

3. (2)
2kp kp
We have Ea = and Ee = ; ∴ Ea = 2Ee
r3 r3

4. (4)
Point charge produces non-uniform electric field.

5. (4)
kp
Eequatorial = i.e. E ∝ p and E ∝ r −3
r3

6. (1)
Suppose neutral point N lies at a distance x from dipole of dipole moment p or at a distance x2 from dipole of
dipole moment 64p.
 
p N
64 p
1 2
x1
25cm

At N |E. F. due to dipole |= |E. F. due to dipole |

1 2p 1 2(64p)
⇒ 4πε . x3 = 4πε . (25−x)3
0 0
1 64
⇒ x3
= (25−x)3
⇒ x = 5cm.

7. (3)
The direction of electric field intensity at a point on the equatorial line of the dipole is opposite to the
direction of dipole moment.

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8. (1)

–q +q

10 cm 20 cm
25 cm

2pr
By using E = 9 × 109 . ; where
(r2 −l2 )2

p = (500 × 10−6 ) × (10 × 10−2 ) = 5 × 10−5 cm

r = 25cm = 0.25m, l = 5cm = 0.05m
9×109 ×2×5×10−5 ×0.25
E= = 6.25 × 107 N/C
{(0.25)2 −(0.05)2 }2

9. (4)
2p k.p x 21/3 3
Eaxial = Eequatorial ⇒ k. = ⇒ = = √2 : 1
x3 y3 y 1

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Electric field lines and their properties DPP - 15

1. Electric lines of force about negative point charge are

(1) Circular, anticlockwise
(2) Circular, clockwise
(3) Radial, inward
(4) Radial, outward

2. A charge particle is free to move in an electric field. It will travel

(1) Always along a line of force
(2) Along a line of force, if its initial velocity is zero
(3) Along a line of force, if it has some initial velocity in the direction of an acute angle with the line of force
(4) None of the above

3. An uncharged sphere of metal is placed in between two charged plates as shown. The lines of force
look like
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + +

– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
A B C D

(1) A
(2) B
(3) C
(4) D

4. The unit of electric field is not equivalent to

(1) N/C
(2) J/C
(3) V/m
(4) J/C-m

5. A metallic solid sphere is placed in a uniform electric field. The lines of force follow the path(s) shown
in figure as
1 1

2 2
(1) 1
3 3
(2) 2
4 4
(3) 3
(4) 4

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6. The figure shows some of the electric field lines corresponding to an electric field. The figure suggests

(1) 𝐸𝐴 > 𝐸𝐵 > 𝐸𝐶

(2) 𝐸𝐴 = 𝐸𝐵 = 𝐸𝐶
(3) 𝐸𝐴 = 𝐸𝐶 > 𝐸𝐵
(4) 𝐸𝐴 = 𝐸𝐶 < 𝐸𝐵

7. The wrong statement about electric lines of force is

(1) These originate from positive charge and end on negative charge
(2) They do not intersect each other at a point
(3) They have the same form for a point charge and a sphere
(4) They have physical existence

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Answer key
Question 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Answer 3 2 3 2 4 3 4

SOLUTIONS - 15
1. (3)
Electric lines force due to negative charge are radially inward.

2. (2)
Because E points along the tangent to the lines of force. If initial velocity is zero, then due to the force, it
always moves in the direction of E. Hence will always move on some lines of force.

3. (3)
Electric lines of force never intersect the conductor. They are perpendicular and slightly curved near the
surface of conductor.

4. (2)

5. (4)
The electric field is always perpendicular to the surface of a conductor. On the surface of a metallic solid
sphere, the electrical field is oriented normally (i.e. directed towards the centre of the sphere).

6. (3)
At A and C, electric lines are equally spaced and dense that's why 𝐸𝐴 = 𝐸𝐶 > 𝐸𝐵

7. (4)

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Electric Flux DPP - 16

1. A cylinder of radius R and length L is placed in a uniform electric field E parallel to the cylinder axis.
The total flux for the surface of the cylinder is given by
(1) 2πR2 E
(2) πR2 /E
(3) (πR2 − πR)/E
(4) Zero

2. A cube of side l is placed in a uniform electric field E, where 𝐄 = 𝐄𝐢̂. The net electric flux through the
cube is
(1) Zero
(2) l2 E
(3) 4l2 E
(4) 6l2 E

3. The S.I. unit of electric flux is

(1) Weber
(2) Newton per coulomb
(3) Volt  metre
(4) Joule per coulomb

4. A sphere encloses an electric dipole with charge ±𝟑 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟔 C. What is the total electric flux across the
sphere?
(1) – 3 × 10−6 Nm2 /C
(2) zero
(3) 3 × 10−6 Nm2 /C
(4) 6 × 10−6 Nm2 /C

5. A square surface of side L meters in the plane of the paper is placed in a uniform electric field
E(volts/m) acting along the same plane at an angle  with the horizontal side of the square as shown in
figure. The electric flux linked to the surface, in units of volt-m, is :-

(1) Zero
(2) EL2
(3) EL2 cosθ
(4) EL2 sinθ

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6. A charge Q is enclosed by a Gaussian spherical surface of radius R. If the radius is doubled, then the
outward electric flux will :-
(1) increase four times
(2) be reduced to half
(3) remain the same
(4) be doubled

7. 𝟐𝟎𝛍𝐂 charge is placed inside a closed surface, then flux linked with the surface is 𝛟. If 𝟖𝟎𝛍𝐂 charge is
put inside the surface then change in flux is –
(1) 4ϕ
(2) 5ϕ
(3) ϕ
(4) 8ϕ

8. In a region of space the electric field is given by 𝐄 ̂ . The electric flux through a surface of
⃗ = 𝟖𝐢̂ + 𝟒𝐣̂ + 𝟑𝐤
area of 100 units in the x-y plane is :-
(1) 800 units
(2) 300 units
(3) 400 units
(4) 1500 units

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Answer key
Question 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Answer 4 1 3 2 1 3 1 2

SOLUTIONS - 16
1. (4)
Flux through surface A ϕA = E × πR2 and ϕB = −E × πR2
→

A C B

Flux through curved surface C= ∫ ⃗E. ⃗⃗⃗⃗

ds = ∫ Eds cos 9 0o = 0

2. (1)
As there is no charge residing inside the cube, hence net flux is zero.

3. (3)
N×m2 J×m
S.I. unit of electric flux is = = volt × m.
C C

4. (2)
qin
ϕ= ε0
=0

5. (1)
Zero due to uniform field ⊥ to area vector.

6. (3)
qin
ϕ= ε0
⇒ independent of radius of closed surface.

7. (1)
ϕ∝q ….(i)
After addition of charge flux becomes ϕ’.
ϕ′ ∝ q′ ….(ii)
ϕ′ q′ 100
ϕ
= q
== 20
=5

8. (2)
⃗ = 8î + 4ĵ + 3k̂
E
⃗ = 100k̂
A
ϕ = ⃗E. ⃗A = (8î + 4ĵ + 3k̂). (100k̂)
ϕ = 300 unit
I & ĵ component of E.F. do not give flux in the given area.

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Statement of Gauss’s Theorem with examples DPP - 17

1. For a given surface the Gauss's law is stated as ∮ 𝐄 ⋅ 𝐝𝐬 = 𝟎. From this we can conclude that
(1) E is necessarily zero on the surface
(2) E is perpendicular to the surface at every point
(3) The total flux through the surface is zero
(4) The flux is only going out of the surface

2. Eight dipoles of charges of magnitude e are placed inside a cube. The total electric flux coming out of
the cube will be
8e
(1)
ε0
16e
(2)
ε0
e
(3)
ε0

(4) Zero

3. If a spherical conductor comes out from the closed surface of the sphere then total flux emitted from
the surface will be
1
(1) × (the charge enclosed by surface)
ε0
(2) ε0 × (charge enclosed by surface)
1
(3) × (charge enclosed by surface)
4πε0
(4) 0

4. If the electric flux entering and leaving an enclosed surface respectively is 𝛟𝟏 and 𝛟𝟐 the electric charge
inside the surface will be
(1) (ϕ1 + ϕ2 )ε0
(2) (ϕ2 − ϕ1 )ε0
(3) (ϕ1 + ϕ2 )/ε0
(4) (ϕ2 − ϕ1 )/ε0

5. A charge q is located at the centre of a cube. The electric flux through any face is
4πq
(1)
6(4πε0 )
πq
(2)
6(4πε0 )
q
(3)
6(4πε0 )
2πq
(4)
6(4πε0 )

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6. Shown below is a distribution of charges. The flux of electric field due to these charges through the
surface S is
S
+q +q

+q

(1) 3q/ε0
(2) 2q/ε0
(3) q/ε0
(4) Zero

7. Consider the charge configuration and spherical Gaussian surface as shown in the figure. When
calculating the flux of the electric field over the spherical surface the electric field will be due to
(1) q2
(2) Only the positive charges +q1 q2
(3) All the charges –q1
(4) +q1 and −q1

8. The electric flux for Gaussian surface A that enclose the charged particles in free space is (given
𝐪𝟏 = –14 nC, 𝐪𝟐 = 78.85 nC, 𝐪𝟑 = – 56 nC)
(1) 103 Nm2 C–1
Gaussian
q3 surface A
(2) 103 CN−1 m–2
q1
Gaussian
q2
(3) 6.32 × 103 Nm2 C–1 surface B

(4) 6.32 × 103 CN−1 m–2

9. A charge q is placed at the centre of the open end of cylindrical vessel. The flux of the electric field
through the surface of the vessel is
(1) Zero
q
(2)
ε0
q
(3)
2ε0
2q
(4)
ε0

10. A sphere of radius R and charge Q is placed inside a concentric imaginary sphere of radius 2R. The flux
associated with the imaginary sphere is :–
Q
(1)
∈0

Q
(2)
2∈0

4Q
(3)
∈0

2Q
(4)
∈0

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11. 20 mC charge is placed inside a closed surface; then flux linked with the surface is f. If 80 mC charge is
put inside the surface then change in flux is :–
(1) 4ϕ
(2) 5ϕ
(3) ϕ
(4) 8ϕ

12. Electric charge is uniformly distributed over a long straight wire of radius 1 mm. The charge per cm
length of the wire is Q coulombs. A cylindrical surface of radius 50 cm and length 1m encloses the wire
symmetrically as shown in fig. The total flux passing through the cylindrical surface is :–

Q
(1)
∈0
100Q
(2)
∈0
10Q
(3)
π∈0
100Q
(4)
π∈0

13. The electric field in a region of space is given by (𝟓𝐢̂ + 𝟐𝐣̂) N/C. The electric flux through an area of 2
𝐦𝟐 lying in the YZ plane, in S.I. units is:–

(1) 10

(2) 20

(3) 10√2

(4) 2√29

14. A square surface of side L metres is in the plane of the paper. A uniform electric field 𝐄
⃗ (volt/m), also in
the plane of the paper, is limited only to the lower half of the square surface (see figure). The electric
flux in SI units associated with the surface is :–

(1) Zero

(2) EL2
EL2
(3)
2∈0

EL2
(4)
2

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15. A square surface of side L meters in the plane of the paper is placed in a uniform electric field E
(volts/m) acting along the same plane at an angle q with the horizontal side of the square as shown in
figure. The electric flux linked to the surface, in units of volt–m, is :-

(1) Zero

(2) EL2

(3) EL2 cosθ

(4) EL2 sinθ

16. The electric field inside a spherical shell of uniform surface charge density is
(1) Zero
(2) Constant, less than zero
(3) Directly proportional to the distance from the centre
(4) None of the above

17. A hollow insulated conducting sphere is given a positive charge of 𝟏𝟎𝛍𝐂. What will be the electric field
at the centre of the sphere if its radius is 2 meters
(1) Zero
(2) 5μCm−2
(3) 20μCm−2
(4) 8μCm−2

18. Electric field intensity at a point in between two parallel sheets with like charges of same surface
charge densities (𝛔) is
σ
(1)
2ε0
σ
(2)
ε0

(3) Zero
2σ
(4)
ε0

→
19. A conducting sphere of radius R = 20cm is given a charge 𝐐 = 𝟏𝟔𝛍𝐂. 𝐖𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐢𝐬 𝐄 at centre
(1) 3.6 × 106 N/C
(2) 1.8 × 106 N/C
(3) Zero
(4) 0.9 × 106 N/C

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20. Electric field at a point varies as r0 for

(1) An electric dipole
(2) A point charge
(3) A plane infinite sheet of charge
(4) A line charge of infinite length

21. According to Gauss’ Theorem, electric field of an infinitely long straight wire is proportional to
(1) r
1
(2)
r2
1
(3)
r3
1
(4)
r

22. A sphere of radius R has a uniform distribution of electric charge in its volume. At a distance x from its
centre, for x < R, the electric field is directly proportional to
1
(1)
x2
1
(2)
x

(3) x

(4) x2

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Answer key
Question 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Answer 3 4 1 2 1 2 3 1 3 1 1 2 1 1 1
16 17 18 19 20 21 22
1 1 3 3 3 4 3

SOLUTIONS - 17

1. (3)

2. (4)
Σq
φ= = 0i.e. net charge on dipole is zero.
ε0

3. (1)
1
φsurface = (Q enclosed )
ε0
+
+
+
Qenc
+
+
Spherical
+ Closed
conductor
+ surface

+ +

4. (2)
1
ϕnet = ε × Q enc Q enc = (ϕ2 − ϕ1 )ε0
0

5. (1)
q 4πq
φface = =
6ε0 6(4πε0 )

6. (2)
1 1
φ= × Q enc = (2q)
ε0 ε0

7. (3)
The electric field is due to all charges present whether inside or outside the given surface.

8. (1)
Flux is due to charges enclosed per ε0
∴ Total flux = (−14 + 78.85 − 56)nC/ε0
4π
= 8.85 × 10−9 C × = 8.85 × 10−9 × 9 × 109 × 4π
4πε0

= 1000.4Nm2 /C i..e. 1000Nm2 C −1

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9. (3)
To apply Gauss's theorem it is essential that charge should be placed inside a closed surface. So imagine
another similar cylindrical vessel above it as shown in figure (dotted).

10. (1)
qin Q
Q= =
ε0 ε0

11. (1)

ϕ∝q ...(i)

After addition flux becomes ϕ' .

ϕ′ ∝ q′ ...(ii)
ϕ′ q1 100
= = =5
ϕ q 20

ϕ′ = 5ϕ
change influx Δϕ = ϕ′ − ϕ = 4ϕ

12. (2)
total enclosed ch arg e 100Q
ϕ= =
∈0 ∈0

13. (1)

⃗E = (5î + 2j)̂ N/C

⃗ = 2m2 in y-z plane = 2m2 î
A
ϕ = ⃗E ⋅ ⃗A = 10 units

14. (1)

Zero ∴  = 90° for uniform E.F. ϕTotal = 0

15. (1)
Zero, due to uniform electric field perpendicular to area vector.

16. (1)
All charge resides on the outer surface so that according to Gauss law, electric field inside a shell is zero.

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17. (1)
Electric field inside a conductor is zero.

18. (3)
 
+ +

+ +

+ +
E0 + E=0 + E0
+ +
+ +
+ +

1
Electric field between sheets E = (σ − σ) = 0
2ε0

19. (3)
Electric field inside a conductor is always zero.

20. (3)
E = σ/ (2ε0 )

21. (4)
λ 1
e = 2πε r ⇒ E ∝ r
0

22. (3)
3Q
Let sphere has uniform chare density ρ (= ) and E is the electric field at distance x from the centre of the
4πR3
sphere.
Applying Gauss law
q ρV′ ρ 4
E. 4πx 2 = = = × πx 3
ε0 ε0 ε0 3

(V' =Volume of dotted sphere)

ρ
∴E= x ⇒E∝x
3ε0

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Electric field due to Infinitely long straight wire DPP - 18

1. Find electric field at P in x direction :-

𝑘𝜆
(1)
𝑟
2𝑘𝜆
(2)
𝑟

√2𝑘𝜆
(3)
𝑟
𝑘𝜆
(4)
2𝑟

2. An e is revolving around a wire of linear charge density 𝒍𝟏 , then its orbital speed is ?
(2𝐾𝜆𝑒)
(1) √ 𝑚

(3𝐾𝜆𝑒)
(2) √ 𝑚

(𝐾𝜆𝑒)
(3) √ 𝑚

(𝐾𝜆𝑒)
(4) √ 2𝑚

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Answer key
Question 1 2
Answer 1 1

SOLUTIONS - 18
1. (1)
𝑘𝜆 𝑘𝜆
𝐸𝑥 = 𝑟
(𝑠𝑖𝑛 9 0 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛 0) = 𝑟

2. (1)

𝐹 = 𝑞𝐸⃗
𝑚𝑣 2 2𝐾𝜆
= 𝑒( )
𝑟 𝑟

𝑒(2𝐾𝜆) (2𝐾𝜆𝑒)
𝑣=√ 𝑚
=√ 𝑚

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EF due to Uniformly charged infinite plane sheet DPP - 19

1. Find electric field due to given arrangement of infinite plane sheets between them.

𝜎
(1)
𝜀0
𝜎
(2)
2𝜀0
2𝜎
(3)
𝜀0
𝜎
(4)
√2𝜀0

2. Find electric field due to given arrangement of infinite plane sheets at point P

(1) 0
𝜎
(2)
𝜀0
𝜎
(3)
2𝜀0
2𝜎
(4)
𝜀0

3. Find mass of particle to remain in equilibrium (sheet is infinite, thin & non conducting)

𝜎𝑞
(1)
2𝜀0 𝑔
𝜎𝑞
(2)
𝜀0 𝑔
2𝜎𝑞
(3)
𝜀0 𝑔
𝜎𝑞
(4)
𝜀0

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4. A small charged particle of mass m and charge q is suspended by an insulated thread in from of a very
large conducting charged sheet of uniform surface density of charge . The angle made by the thread
with the vertical in equilibrium is :

𝜎𝑞
(1) 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 ( )
2𝜀0 𝑚𝑔
𝜎
(2) 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 ( )
𝑞𝜀0 𝑚𝑔
𝑞
(3) 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 ( )
2𝜎𝜀0 𝑚𝑔
(4) zero

5. A charged ball B hangs from a silk thread S, which makes an angle 𝛉 with a large charged conducting
sheet P, as shown in the figure. The surface charge density 𝝈 of the sheet is proportional to :

(1) sin θ
(2) tan θ
(3) cos θ
(4) cot θ

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Answer key
Question 1 2 3 4 5
Answer 1 1 1 1 2

SOLUTIONS - 19
1. (1)
𝜎 𝜎 𝜎
𝐸 = 2𝜀 + 2𝜀 = 𝜀
0 0 0

2. (1)
𝜎 𝜎
𝐸 = 2𝜀 − 2𝜀 = 0
0 0

3. (1)
𝜎 𝜎
= 𝑚𝑔 ⇒ 𝑚 =
2𝜀0 2𝜀0 𝑔

4. (1)

𝑞𝜎
T sin 𝜃 = qE =
2𝜀0
T cos 𝜃 = mg
𝑞𝜎
𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝜃 = 2𝜀
0 𝑚𝑔

5. (2)

From the figure, we find,

𝜎𝑞
𝑇 sin 𝜃 = 𝜀0
….(i)
𝑇 cos 𝜃 = mg ….(ii)
From eqns. (i) and (ii),
𝜎𝑞
𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝜃 = 𝜀
0 𝑚𝑔

∴ 𝜎 ∝ 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝜃.

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EF due to Uniformly Charged Thin spherical shell and Solid sphere DPP - 20

1. The insulation property of air breaks down at 𝐄 = 𝟑 × 𝟏𝟎𝟔 volt/metre. The maximum charge that can be
given to a sphere of diameter 5m is approximately (in coulombs)

(1) 2 × 10−2

(2) 2 × 10−3

(3) 2 × 10−4

(4) 2 × 10−5

𝟑𝐑
2. The electric field at a distance from the centre of a charged conducting spherical shell of radius R is
𝟐
𝐑
E. The electric field at a distance from the centre of the sphere is :-
𝟐

(1) E
E
(2)
2
E
(3)
3

(4) Zero

3. A solid sphere of radius R, is charged uniformly with a total charge Q. Then the correct expression for
electric field is (r = distance from centre) :-
KQr
(1) , where r < R
R3
KQ
(2)
r2
, where r  R

(3) it is zero, at all points

(4) (1) and (2) both

4. A hollow metal sphere of a radius R is uniformly charged. The electric field due to the sphere at a

distance r from the centre :

(1) increases as r increases for r < R and for r > R

(2) zero as r increases for r < R, decreases as r increases for r > R
(3) zero as r increases for r < R, increases as r increases for r > R

(4) decreases as r increases for r < R and for r > R

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5. A nonconducting solid sphere of radius R is charged uniformly. The magnitude of the electric field due
to the sphere at a distance r from its centre –

(a) increases as r increases, for r < R

(b) decreases as r increases, for 0 < r < ∞

(c) decreases as r increases, for R < r < ∞

(d) is discontinuous at r = R

(1) a ,c
(2) c, d
(3) a, b

(4) b, d

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Answer key
Question 1 2 3 4 5
Answer 2 4 4 2 1

SOLUTIONS - 20
1. (2)
1 q q
E= × = 9 × 109 ×
4πε0 r2 r2
E×r2 3×106 ×(2.5)2
q= = = 2.0833 × 10−3
9×109 9×109

q should be less than 2.0833 × 10–3 . In the given set of options 2 × 10–3 is the maximum charge which is
smaller than 2.0833 × 10–3 .

2. (4)
Zero (electric field inside conductor is zero.)

3. (4)
kQr kQ
Inside E = ; outside E =
R3 r2

4. (2)
kq
For a metal sphere Ein = 0 and E
⃗ out = r̂
r2

5. (1)

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Electrostatic Potential Energy DPP-21

1. When the separation between two charges is increased, the electric potential energy of the system of
charges :-
(1) increases
(2) decreases
(3) remains the same
(4) may increase or decrease

2. Choose the incorrect statement :–

(1) the potential energy per unit positive charge in an electric field at some point is called the electric
potential.
(2) the work required to be done to move a point charge from one point to another in an electric field
depends on the position of the points
(3) the potential energy of the system will increase if a positive charge is moved against the Coulombian
force
(4) the value of fundamental charge is not equivalent to the electronic charge.

3. When a positive q charge is taken from lower potential to a higher potential point, then its potential
energy will
(1) decrease
(2) increases
(3) remain unchanged
(4) become zero

4. When a negative charge is taken at a height from earth’s surface, then its potential energy
(1) decreases
(2) increases
(3) remains unchanged
(4) will become infinity

5. When one electron is taken towards the other electron, then the electric potential energy of the
(1) decreases
(2) increases
(3) remains unchanged
(4) will become zero

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Answer key
Question 1 2 3 4 5
Answer 4 4 2 2 2

SOLUTIONS - 21
1. (4)
As the distance between the charges is increased, the energy will decrease if both the charges are of similar
nature. But if the charges are oppositely charged, the energy will become less negative and, hence, will
increase.

2. (4)
the value of fundamental charge is not equivalent to the electronic charge.

3. (2)
Potential energy = Q × V
V Increases then P.E. will be increases.

4. (2)

5. (2)

Potential energy of system will be given by

( −e )( −e ) = e2
40 r 40 r

r decrease then potential energy will be increases.

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Electrostatic Potential Energy of a System of Charges DPP-22

1. A charge of 10 esu is placed at a distance of 2 cm from a charge of 40 esu and 4 cm from another charge of
– 20 esu. The potential energy of the charge 10 esu is :– (in ergs)
(1) 87.5
(2) 112.5
(3) 150
(4) zero

2. Three particles, each having a charge of 10 C care placed at the corners of an equilateral triangle of side
1
10 cm. The electrostatic potential energy of the system is (Given = 9  109 N–m2/C2)
4 0
(1) zero.
(2) infinite
(3) 27 J
(4) 100 J

3. Two equal charges q are placed at a distance of 2a and a third charge –2q is placed at the midpoint. The
potential energy of the system is
q2
(1)
80 a
6q 2
(2) −
80 a
7q 2
(3) −
80 a
9q 2
(4)
80 a

4. Three charges Q, (+q) and (+q) are placed at the vertices of an equilateral triangle of side l as shown in the
figure. If the net electrostatic energy of the system is zero, then Q is equal to
Q

l l

+q l +q
q
(1) −
2
(2) -q
(3) +q
(4) zero

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5. Three charges Q, +q and +q are placed at the vertices electrostatic energy of the configuration is zero if Q
is equal to
Q

+q +q
a
−q
(1)
1+ 2
−2q
(2)
2+ 2
(3) -2q
(4) +q

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Answer key
Question 1 2 3 4 5
Answer 3 3 3 1 2

SOLUTIONS - 22
1. (3)
10  40 10  −20
U10 = +
2 4
= 200 – 50
= 150 erg

2. (3)
kq2
U= 3
a
9  109  (10−5 )2
= 3
10  10−2
= 27 J

3. (3)
kq2 k(q)( −2q) k(q)( −2q)
U= + +
2a a a
kq2 4kq2
= −
2a a
−7kq2
=
2a
−7q2
=
8 0a

4. (1)
kq2 kQq kQq
+ + =0
l l l
 q = –2Q
q
 Q=−
2

5. (2)
kQq kq2 kQq
+ + =0
a a 2a
Q
 Q+ = −q
2
− 2q
 Q=
2 +1

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Problems Based on Potential Energy DPP-23

1. In the electric field of charge Q, another charge is carried from A to B, A to C, A to D and A to E, then work
done will be :-

(1) minimum along the path AB

(2) minimum along the path AD
(3) minimum along the path AE
(4) zero along each path
2. As shown in figure, on bringing a charge Q from point A to B and from B to C, the work done are 2 joules
and – 3 joules respectively. The work done in bringing the charge from C to A will be

(1) –1 joule
(2) 1 joule
(3) 2 joule
(4) 5 joule
3. 15 joule of work has to be done against an existing electric field to take a charge of 0.01 C from A to B.
Then the potential difference (VB – VA) is :–
(1) 1500 volt
(2) – 1500 volt
(3) 0.15 volt
(4) none of these
4. A 5C charge experiences a force of 2000 N when moved between two points along the field separated by a
distance of 2 cm in a uniform electric field. The potential difference between the two points is :–
(1) 8 volt
(2) 80 volt
(3) 800 volt
(4) 8000 volt
5. A charge of 5C experiences a force of 5000 N when it is kept in a uniform electric field. What is the
potential difference between two points separated by a distance of 1cm
(1) 10V
(2) 250V
(3) 1000V
(4) 2500V

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6. As per the diagram, a point charge +q is placed at origin O. Work done in taking another point charge –Q
from the point A (0, a) to another point B (a, 0) along the straight path AB is
Y
A

O B X
(1) Zero
 
(2)  −qQ 12  2a
 40 a 
 qQ 1  a
(3)  2 
 40 a  2
 qQ 1 
(4)  2 
2a
 40 a 

7. Two charges q1 and q2 are placed 30 cm apart, as shown in the figure. A third charge q3 is moved along the arc of a
q
circle of radius 40 cm from C to D. The change in the potential energy of the system is 3 k , where k is
4 0
q3
C

40 cm

q2
q1 D
A 30 cm B
(1) 8q2
(2) 8q1
(3) 6q2
(4) 6q1

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Answer Key

Question 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Answer 4 2 1 1 1 1 1

SOLUTIONS - 23
1. (4)
Points A, B, C, D & E are equipotential.
2. (2)
For conservative electrostatic field,
WAB + WBC + WCA = 0
 2 + (–3) + WCA = 0
 WCA = 1 J

3. (1)
WA→B = q(VB − VA )
 15 = 0.01(VB – VA)
 VB – VA = 1500 V

4. (1)
W = q  V
2
 2000  = 5V
100
 V = 8 volt

5. (1)
F 5000
E= = = 1000 N/C
q 5

V = E  d
1
 1000 × = 10 V
100

6. (1)
kq
VA = VB =
a
 W = qV = 0

7. (1)
W = qV
q3  1 q2 1 q2 
 k = q3  − 
40  4 0 0.1 4 0 0.5 

 k = 10q2 – 2q2
 k = 8q2

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Electrostatic Potential Due to a Point Charge DPP-24

1. The electric potential and electric field at a point due to a point charge are 600 V and 200 N/C respectively.
Then magnitude of the point charge should be :-
(1) 3 C
(2) 30 C
(3) 0.2 C
(4) 0.5 C

2. At a certain distance from a point charge the electric field is 500V/m and the potential is 3000 V. What is
this distance
(1) 6m
(2) 12m
(3) 36m
(4) 144m

3. The potential at a point, due to a positive charge of 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝝁𝑪 at a distance of 9m, is

(1) 104 V
(2) 105 V
(3) 106 V
(4) 107 V

4. Two unlike charges of magnitude q are separated by a distance 2d. The potential at a point midway
between them is
(1) Zero
1
(2)
4𝜋𝜀0
1 𝑞
(3) .
4𝜋𝜀0 𝑑
1 2𝑞
(4) .
4𝜋𝜀0 𝑑 2

5. An electric charge of 20 Q is situated at the origin of X-Y co-ordinate system. The potential difference
between the points. (5a, 0) and (– 3a, 4a) will be
(1) a
(2) 2a
(3) Zero
𝑎
(4)
√2

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Answer key

Question 1 2 3 4 5
Answer 3 1 2 1 3

SOLUTIONS - 24

1. (3)
kq
= 200
r2
kq
= 600
r
 r=3
9  109  q
= 600
3
 q = 0.2 C

2. (1)
kq
= 500
r2
kq
= 3000
r
3000
 r= =6 m
500

3. (2)
𝑄 100×10−6
By using 𝑉 = 9 × 109 × = 9 × 109 × = 105 𝑉
𝑟 9

4. (1)
𝑘𝑞 𝑘(−𝑞)
Potential at mid-point 𝑂, 𝑉 = + =0
𝑑 𝑑
+q –q
O

d d
2d

5. (3)
B (–3a, 4a)

5a
A (5a, 0)
Q 5a

𝑘𝑄 𝑘𝑄
𝑉𝐴 = and 𝑉𝐵 =
5𝑎 5𝑎
 𝑉𝐴 − 𝑉𝐵 = 0

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Electrostatic Potential Due to a System of Charges - DPP-25

1. Four charges 2C, – 3C, –4C and 5C respectively are placed at the four corners of a square. Which of the
following statements is true for the point of intersection of the diagonals?
(1) E = 0, V = 0
(2) E  0, V = 0
(3) E = 0, V  0
(4) E  0, V  0

2. Four charges +Q, –Q, +Q and –Q are situated at the corners of a square in a sequence then at the centre of
the square :-
(1) E=0, V=0
(2) E=0, V  0
(3) E  0, V=0
(4) E=0, V  0

3. Three charges 2q, -q, -q are located at the vertices of an equilateral triangle. At the centre of the triangle:-
(1) the field is zero but potential is non-zero
(2) the field is non-zero but potential is zero
(3) both field and potential are zero
(4) both field and potential are non-zero

4. Point charge q1 =2µC and q2 = –1µC are kept at points x = 0 and x = 6 respectively. Electrical potential will
be zero at points
(1) x=2 and x=9
(2) x=1 and x=5
(3) x=4 and x=12
(4) x=-2 and x=2

5. Eight charges having the values as shown are arranged symmetrically on a circle of radius 0.4m in air.
Potential at centre O will be
+5 C
– 7 C – 5 C

+15 C O +7 C

+7 C – 5 C
+11 C

(1) 63 × 104 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑡

(2) 63 × 1010 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑡
(3) 63 × 106 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑡
(4) Zero

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6. Two charges of 𝟒𝝁𝑪 each are placed at the corners A and B of an equilateral triangle ABC of side length
𝟏 𝑵−𝒎𝟐
0.2 m in air. The electric potential at C is [ = 𝟗 × 𝟏𝟎𝟗 ]
𝟒𝝅𝜺𝟎 𝑪𝟐
(1) 9 × 104 V
(2) 18 × 104 V
(3) 36 × 104 V
(4) 36 × 10−4V

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Answer key
Question 1 2 3 4 5 6
Answer 2 1 2 3 1 1

SOLUTIONS - 25
1. (2)

k
VP = (2 – 3 – 4 + 5) = 0
a/ 2
k
EP = 2 8  0
(a / 2)2

2. (1)

VP = 0
EP = 0

3. (2)

VC = 0
2kq 2kq
EC = +
(a / 3)2 (a / 3)2

EC  0

4. (3)
Case-I

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k 2 k 1
VP = − =0
a 6−a
 a = 4m

Case-II

k 2 k 1
VP = − =0
a 6+a
 a = 12m

5. (1)
Due to the principle of superposition, potential at O
1 28×10−6 28×10−6
𝑉 = 4𝜋𝜀 × 0.4
= 9 × 109 × 0.4
= 63 × 104 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑡
0

6. (1)
C

0.2 m 0.2 m

A B
0.2 m
+ 4C + 4C
4×10−6
Potential at C = (9 × 109 ×
0.2
) ×2 = 36  104 𝑉

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Electrostatic Potential due to Ring on an Axial Point DPP-26

1. A non-conducting ring is of radius 0.5m, 1.11×10–10 coulombs charge is non-uniformly distributed over the
circumference of ring which produces electric field E around itself. If  = 0 is the centre of the ring, then the
=0

value of 
=
− E.d is nearly: –

(1) 2 V
(2) – 2 V
(3) –1 V
(4) zero

2. Which statement is true?

(i) A ring of radius R carries a uniformly distributed charge +Q. A point charge –q is placed on the axis of
the ring at a distance 2R from its centre and released. The particle executes simple harmonic motion along
the axis of the ring.
(ii) Electrons move from a region of higher potential to that of lower potential
(1) only (i)
(2) only (ii)
(3) (i), (ii)
(4) none of them

3. Two rings each of radius r are placed coaxially such that the distance between their centres is also R. If 𝐐𝟏
and 𝐐𝟐 be the charges on the two rings, find the potential difference between their centre.
1 1 Q1 −Q2
(1)
4πε0
(1 + 2
) R
√
1 1 Q1 −Q2
(2)
4πε0
(1 + 2 2) R
√
1 1 Q1 −Q2
(3)
4πε0
(1 + 4 2) R
√
1 1 Q1 −Q2
(4)
4πε0
(1 + 6 2) R
√

4. A thin ring of radius r metres is placed in x-y plane such that its centre lies on origin. The half ring in region
x < 0 carries uniform linear charge density + C/m and the remaining half ring in region x > 0 carries
uniform linear charge density – C/m.
y

x x
+ –

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𝐑
The electric potential (in volts) at point P whose coordinates are (0m, + m) is
𝟐
1 λ
(1)
4πε0 2
(2) 0
1 λ
(3)
4πε0 4
(4) cannot be determined

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Answer key

Question 1 2 3 4
Answer 1 4 1 2

SOLUTIONS - 26

1. (1)
=0
kq 9  109  1.11  10−10
=
 −E  d = Vcentre =
R
=
0.5
= 1.998  2V

2. (4)
(i) As displacement is large, –q will be in oscillatory motion, not SHM.
(ii) e– move from region of lower potential to higher potential.

3. (1)
Q1 Q2

P Q

Potential of the point P

VP = potential due to Q1 + potential due to Q 2
1 Q1 1 Q2
= . + .
4πε0 R 4πε0 √R2 +R2
Similarly potential of the point Q
1 Q2 1 Q1
VQ = . +
4πε0 R 4πε0 √2R
1 1 Q1 −Q2
 VP – VQ = (1 + )
4πε0 √ 2 R

4. (2)
Consider two small elements of ring having charges +dq and –dq symmetrically located about y-axis. The
potential due to this pair at any point on y-axis is zero. The sum of potential due to all such possible pairs is
zero at all points on y-axis
y

+dq – dq
 
d d
x x
+ –

y
R
Hence potential at P (0, 2 ) is zero.

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Electrostatic Potential due to Sphere and Spherical Shell DPP-27

1. Potential inside a uniformly charged spherical shell is: –

(1) uniform
(2) proportional to the distance from the centre
(3) inversely proportional to the distance
(4) inversely proportional to square of distance from the centre

2. What is the electric potential at a distance 'x' from the centre, inside a conducting sphere having a charge
Q and radius R?
1
(1) 4  Q
0 R

1
(2) 4  Q
0 x

1 QX
(3) 4  . 2
0 R
(4) zero

3. A hollow metal sphere of radius 5 cm is charged such that the potential on its surface is 10 volt. The
electric field at the centre of the sphere will be :-
(1) 50 volt/meter
(2) 10 volt/meter
(3) 5 volt/meter
(4) zero

4. The potential at a distance R/2 from the centre of a conducting sphere of radius R containing charge Q will
be :-
(1) 0
Q
(2)
80 R
Q
(3)
40 R
Q
(4)
20 R

5. Two concentric spheres of radii R and r have similar charges with equal surface charge densities . What is
the electric potential at their common centre?
(1)  / 0

(2) (R − r)
0

(3) (R + r)
0
(4) None of these

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6. Two conducting spheres of radii r1 and r2 have same electric field near their surfaces. The ratio of their
electric potentials is :-
(1) r12 / r22
(2) r22 / r12
(3) r1 / r2
(4) r2 / r1

7. Two charged spheres of radii 10 cm and 15 cm are connected by a thin wire. No charge will flow, if they
have
(1) The same charge on each
(2) The same potential
(3) The same energy
(4) The same field on their surfaces

8. If a charged spherical conductor of radius 10 cm has potential V at a point distant 5 cm from its centre,
then the potential at a point distant 15 cm from the centre will be
1
(1) V
3
2
(2) V
3
3
(3) V
2
(4) 3V

9. A thin spherical conducting shell of radius R has a charge q. Another charge Q is placed at the centre of the
R
shell. The electrostatic potential at a point p a distance from the centre of the shell is
2
(q + Q) 2
(1)
40 R
2Q
(2)
40R
2Q 2q
(3) −
40R 40R
2Q q
(4) +
40R 40R

10. A hollow conducting sphere is placed in an electric field produced by a point charge placed at P as shown
in figure. Let VA ,VB ,VC be the potentials at points A,B and C respectively. Then

A
C P

(1) VC  VB
(2) VB  VC
(3) VA  VB
(4) VA = VC

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Answer key
Question 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Answer 1 1 4 3 3 3 2 2 4 4

SOLUTIONS - 27
1. (1)
kq
Vin =
R

2. (1)
kQ 1 Q
Vin = Vsur = =
R 4 0 R

3. (4)
For any conductor
Ein = 0

4. (3)
kQ 1
Vin = =
R 4 0 R

5. (3)
V = V1 + V2
R r
= +
0 0

6. (3)
V = Er
V1 r1
 =
V2 r2

7. (2)
Charge flow will take place only if there is a potential difference between two bodies.

8. (2)
kQ
Vin =
R
kQ
 V=
0.10
 kQ = V/10
kQ
Vout =
r
V 100
 
10 15
2
 V
3

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9. (4)
V = Vpoint + Vshell
kQ kq
= +
R /2 R
1  2Q q 
= +
4 0 R  R R 

10. (4)
As sphere is conduction, it will be equipotential.
So, VA = VB = VC

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Potential Difference, Equipotential Surfaces, Relation between Electric Field and Potential DPP-28

1. Certain positive charge is given to a conductor. Then its potential: –

(1) is maximum at the surface
(2) is maximum at the centre
(3) remains same throughout the conductor
(4) is maximum somewhere between the surface and the centre
2. A solid conducting sphere having a charge Q is surrounded by an uncharged concentric conducting
spherical shell. Let the potential difference between the surface of the solid sphere and the outer surface
of the shell be V. If the shell is now given a charge –3Q the new potential difference between the same
two surfaces is :-
(1) V
(2) 2V
(3) 4V
(4) –2V
100N−,m2 / C
3. Electric field at a distance x from the origin is given as E = . Then potential difference
x2
between the points situated at x = 10 m and x = 20 m is :-
(1) 5 V
(2) 10 V
(3) 15 V
(4) 4V
4. A circle of radius R is drawn in a uniform electric field E as shown in the fig. V A, VB, VC and VD are
respectively the potentials of points A, B, C and D on the circle then :-

(1) VA > VC, VB = VD

(2) VA < VC, VB = VD
(3) VA = VC, VB < VD
(4) VA = VC, VB > VD
5. A uniform electric field pointing in positive x–direction exists in a region. Let A be the origin, B be the point
on the x–axis at x = +1 cm and C be the point on the y–axis at y = +1 cm. Then the potentials at the points
A, B and C satisfy :-
(1) VA < VB
(2) VA > VB
(3) VA < VC
(4) VA > VC

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6. The electric potential V is given as a function of distance x (metre) by V = (5x 2–10x–9) volts. The value of
electric field at x=1 m is :–
(1) 20 V/m
(2) 6 V/m
(3) 11 V/m
(4) zero

7. The electric field is constant in both magnitude and direction. Consider a path of length d at an angle with
respect to field lines as shown in figure. The potential difference between points 1 and 2 is :-

E
(1)
dsin60
(2) Ed cos 60°
Ed
(3)
cos60
E
(4) sin 60
d

8. List  gives certain situations in which electric field is represented by electric lines of forces in x-y plane.
List  gives corresponding representation of equipotential lines in x-y plane. Match the figures in List 
with the figures in List  and indicate your answer.
List - I List - II
y y
Higher potential

x x
(P) Electric lines
(1)
of forces Lower potential

y y
Lower potential

x x
(Q) Electric lines (2)
of forces Higher potential

y y
Lowe r pote ntia l

Highe r pote ntia l

x x
(R) Electric lines (3)
of forces

y y
Highe r pote ntial

Lower pote ntia l

x x
(S) Electric lines (4)
of forces

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Codes P Q R S
(1) 1 2 3 4
(2) 4 3 2 1
(3) 3 4 2 1
(4) 2 1 3 4

9. The electric potential V at any point O (x, y, z all in metres) in space is given by V = 4x 2 volt The electric
field at the point (1m, 0,2m) in volt/metre is
(1) 8 along negative X–axis
(2) 8 along positive X–axis
(3) 16 along negative X–axis
(4) 16 along positive Z–axis

10. If a unit positive charge is taken from one point to another over an equipotential surface, then
(1) Work is done on the charge
(2) Work is done by the charge
(3) Work done is constant
(4) No work is done

11. A uniform electric field having a magnitude E0 and direction along the positive X-axis exists. If the potential
V is zero at x = 0, then its value at X = +x will be
(1) V(x) = +xE0
(2) Vx = −xE0
(3) Vx = + x 2 E0
(4) Vx = − x 2 E0

12. There are two equipotential surface as shown in figure. The distance between them is r. The charge of –q
coulomb is taken from the surface A to B, the resultant work done will be

1 q
(1) W =
4o r
1 q
(2) W = r B
40 r2 A

1 q
(3) W = −
40 r2
(4) W = zero

13. The work done in carrying a charge of 5µC from a point A to a point B in an electric field is 10mJ. The
potential difference (VB – VA) is then
(1) + 2kV
(2) – 2 kV
(3) + 200 V
(4) – 200 V

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14. The points resembling equal potentials are

S
(1) P and Q
P Q
(2) S and Q
(3) S and R
(4) P and R R

15. Figure shows three points A, B and C in a region of uniform electric field E . The line AB is perpendicular and
BC is parallel to the field lines. Then which of the following holds good. Where VA, VB and VC represent the
electric potential at points A, B and C respectively

(1) VA = VB = VC A
(2) VA = VB  VC
(3) VA = VB  VC C
B
(4) VA  VB = VC

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Answer key

Question 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Answer 3 1 1 3 2 4 2 2 1 4 2 4 1 3 2

SOLUTIONS - 28

1. (3)
E = 0 inside conductor
 V remains same throughout the conductor.

2. (1)
Potential Difference between inner and outer sphere will remain unchanged of the charges kept on outer
shell.

3. (1)
20 20
100
V = −  Edx = −  2
dx
10 10 x

1  1 1
= +100   = 100  −  = −5
x  20 10 
Potential Difference = | V | = 5V

4. (3)
VD > VB as V  in direction of E .
A and C lie on line perpendicular to E
 They are equipotential.

5. (2)
VA = VC > VB

6. (4)
dV
E =− = –10x + 10
dx
At x = 1, E = 0

7. (2)
V1 – V2 = Ed cos60°

8. (2)

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Equipotential surfaces and Electric field lines are perpendicular to each other and potential  while moving
along E and vice-versa.
9. (1)
V V V
E=− i− j− k
x y z
E = −8xi
E(1,0,2) = −8 i

10. (4)
W = U
U = 0 for points on equipotential surface
 W=0

11. (2)
E = E0 i
V = Vx − V0 = Vx
x
= −  E0dx = −E  x
0

12. (4)
Surfaces are equipotential
 VA = VB
W = q(VB – VA) = 0

13. (1)
Wext(B→A) 10  10−3
VB – VA = = = 2 × 103 V
q 5  10−6

14. (3)
Equipotential surfaces and Electric field lines are perpendicular.
Since line joining S and R is perpendicular to E hence point S and R lie on equipotential surface.

15. (2)
VA = VB > VC

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Motion of Charged Particle in Uniform Electric Field DPP-29

1. An electron enters in electric field with its velocity in the direction of the electric field lines then: –
(1) the path of the electron will be a circle
(2) the path of the electron will be a parabola
(3) the velocity of the electron will decrease just after the entry
(4) the velocity of the electron will increase just after the entry

2. An electron and a proton are set free in a uniform electric field. The ratio of their accelerations is: –
(1) unity
(2) zero
mp
(3)
me
me
(4)
mp

3. A particle of mass m and charge q is released from rest in an electric field E. Then the K.E. after time t will
be :-
2E2t 2
(1)
mq
E2q2t 2
(2)
2m
Eq2m
(3)
2t 2
Eqm
(4)
2t

4. A charge q is projected into a uniform electric field E; work done when it suffers a displacement Y along
the field direction is :-
(1) qEY
qY
(2)
E
qE
(3)
Y
Y
(4)
qE

5. The figure below shows the path of a positively charged particle 1 through a rectangular region of uniform
electric field as shown in the figure. What are the direction movement of particles 2, 3 and 4?

(1) Down, top, down

(2) Down, down, top
(3) Top, top, down
(4) Top, down down

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6. Two parallel plates separated by a distance of 5mm are kept at a potential difference of 50V. A particle of
mass 10–15 kg and charge 10–11C enters in it with a velocity 107 m/s. The acceleration of the particle will be
-
(1) 108 m / s2
(2) 5105 m/s2
(3) 105 m/s2
(4) 2 103 m /s2

7. A bullet of mass 2 gm is having a charge of 2µC. Through what potential difference must it be accelerated,
starting from rest, to acquire a speed of 10 m/s
(1) 5 kV
(2) 50 kV
(3) 5 V
(4) 50 V

8. A charge particle having charge 1mC and mass 1g is released from point A, in uniform electric field of
100 V/m as shown in figure then acceleration of particle will be –
(1) 100 m/s2
(2) 50 m/s2
(3) 10 m/s2
(4) 1000 m/s2

9. In previous question velocity of particle at B will be -

(1) 100 m/s
(2) 40 m/s
(3) 80 m/s
(4) 20 m/s

10. In previous question kinetic energy of particle at B will be -

(1) 0.008J
(2) 80J
(3) 0.8J
(4) 0.08J

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Answer Key
Question 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Answer 3 3 2 1 1 1 2 1 2 3

SOLUTIONS - 29
1. (3)
Velocity of e– will  just after the entry as its motion will be opposed by electrostatic force.

2. (3)
eE
ae =
me

eE
aP =
mP

ae mP
=
aP me

3. (2)
qE
Acceleration, a =
m
Velocity, v after time t = 0 + at
qEt
=
m
1 q2 E2 t 2
KE = mv2 =
2 2m

4. (1)
W = qEY

5. (1)
From the motion of particle 1, Electric field line is from down to top.
 Particle 2 will go down.
Particle 3 will go top.
Particle 4 will go down.

6. (1)
qE qV  V
a= =
m md  E= d
 
10−11  50
= = 108
10−15  5  10−3

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7. (2)
 KE = work done = Vd
1
 × 2 × 10–3 × 102 = V × 2 × 10–6
2
 V = 50 × 103

8. (1)
qE 10−3  100
a= = = 100
m 10−3

9. (2)
1
KE = mv 2B = qEd
2
10−3  100  8  2
 v 2B =
10−3
 v B = 40 m / s

10. (3)
1
KE =  10−3  402 = 0.8 J
2

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Force and Torque on a Dipole in an External Electric Field DPP-30

1. A given charge is situated at a certain distance from an electric dipole in the end-on position experiences a
force F. If the distance of the charge is doubled, the force acting on the charge will be
(1) 2F
(2) F/2
(3) F/4
(4) F/8

2. The torque acting on a dipole of moment P in an electric field E is -

(1) P  E
(2) P  E
(3) Zero
(4) E  P

3. An electric dipole consisting of two opposite charges of 2×10-6C each separated by a distance of 3cm is
placed in an electric field of 2×105 N/C. The maximum torque on the dipole will be
(1) 1210−1 Nm
(2) 1210−3 Nm
(3) 24  10−1 Nm
(4) 24 10−3 Nm

4. An electric dipole has the magnitude of its charge as q and its dipole moment is p. It is placed in a uniform
electric field E. If its dipole moment is along the direction of the field, the force on it and its potential
energy are respectively
(1) 2q  E and minimum
(2) q  E and p  E
(3) Zero and minimum
(4) q  E and maximum

5. When an electric dipole is kept in a uniform electric field then for what value of angle between them, will
the torque be maximum?
(1) 90°
(2) 0°
(3) 180°
(4) 45

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Answer key

Question 1 2 3 4 5
Answer 4 2 2 3 1

SOLUTIONS - 30
1. (4)
1
Force  E 
r3
F' r3
=
F r' 3
F
F' =  r' = 2r 
8

3. (2)
max = PE = qdE
= 2 × 10–6 × 3 × 10–2 × 2 × 105
= 12 × 10–3

4. (3)
Field is uniform
 Fnet = 0
Potential Energy = −P  E = –PE [  = 0°]

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Work done in Rotating a Dipole DPP-31

1. An electric dipole of moment P is placed in the position of stable equilibrium in uniform electric field of
intensity E. It is rotated through an angle 𝛉 from the initial position. The potential energy of electric dipole
in the final position is
(1) pEcos
(2) pEsin
(3) pE(1 − cos )
(4) −pEcos 

2. An electric dipole of moment P is placed normal to the lines of force of electric intensity E , then the work
done in deflecting it through an angle of 180° is
(1) pE
(2) +2pE
(3) –2pE
(4) Zero

3. Two opposite and equal charges 4  10−8 coulomb when placed 2×10–2 cm away, form a dipole. If this
dipole is placed in an external electric field 4×108 newton/coulomb, the value of maximum torque and the
work done in rotating it through 180° will be
(1) 64 10−4 Nm and 64  10−4 J
(2) 32 10−4 Nm and 32  10−4 J
(3) 64 10−4 Nm and 32  10−4 J
(4) 32 10−4 Nm and 64  10−4 J

4. A molecule with a dipole moment p is placed in an electric field of strength E. Initially the dipole is aligned
parallel to the field. If the dipole is to be rotated to be anti-parallel to the field, the work required to be
done by an external agency is
(1) -2pE
(2) -pE
(3) pE
(4) 2pE

5. The electric field due to an electric dipole at a distance r from its centre in axial position is E. If the dipole
is rotated through an angle of 90° about its perpendicular axis, the electric field at the same point will be
(1) E
(2) E/4
(3) E/2
(4) 2E
Answer key

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Question 1 2 3 4 5
Answer 4 4 4 4 3

SOLUTIONS - 31
1. (4)
Potential Energy = −P  E = −PEcos 

2. (4)
W =  U = Uf – Ui
= –PE cos270° + PE cos90° = 0

3. (4)
max = PE = 4 × 10–8 × 2 × × 10–4 × 4 × 108
= 32 × 10–4 Nm
W =  U = Uf – Ui
= –PE cos180° + PE cos0° = 2PE

4. (4)
W =  U = Uf – Ui
= –PE cos180° + PE cos0° = 2PE

5. (3)
2kP
Eaxial = =E
r3
2kP E
Eequatorial = 3 =
r 2

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Electric potential due to dipole DPP-32

1. The distance between H+ and Cl– ions in HCl molecule is 1.28 Å. What will be the potential due to this
dipole at a distance of 12 Å on the axis of dipole
(1) 0.13 V
(2) 1.3 V
(3) 13 V
(4) 130 V

2. An electric dipole of dipole moment 𝒑 ⃗ is placed at the origin along the x-axis. The angle made by electric
field with x-axis at a point P, whose position vector makes an angle 𝛉 with x-axis, is:
𝟏
(where, tan = 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝜽)
𝟐
(1) 
(2) 
(3) +
(4)  + 2

3. At any point on the perpendicular bisector of the line joining two equal and opposite charges :-
(1) the electric field is zero
(2) the electric potential is zero
(3) the electric potential decreases with increasing distance from their mid-point
(4) the electric field is perpendicular to the line joining the charges

4. At a point on the axis (but not inside the dipole and not at infinity) of an electric dipole:
(1) The electric field is zero
(2) The electric potential is zero
(3) Neither the electric field nor the electric potential is zero
(4) The electric field is directed perpendicular to the axis of the dipole

5. The electric potential at a point due to an electric dipole will be :-

→ →
p. r
(1) k
r3
→ →
p. r
(2) k
r2
→ →
p r
(3) k 3
r
→ →
p r
(4) k 2
r

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6. Find electric potential due to dipole at point P as shown in the figure –

kp
(1)
2x 2
kp
(2) 2
x
2kp
(3)
x2
(4) None of these

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Answer key
Question 1 2 3 4 5 6
Answer 1 3 2 3 1 1

SOLUTIONS - 32
1. (1)

kp
Electric potential due to an electric dipole Vp =
r2
9  109  1.6  10−19  1.28  10−10
According to given data Vp = = 0.128 0.13V
(12 10 )
2
−10

2. (3)

E


r


P
→ 1
In shown diagram, 𝐸 = Net electric field vector due to dipole. (by derivation) & tan  = tan
2
→
 Angle made by 𝐸 with x-axis is ( + ).

3. (2)
kp  r
V= ; (Perpendicular by sector  = 90 )
r3
kpcos90
=0
r2

4. (3)
r
Axi
–q p q Ps

2𝑘𝑝 𝑘𝑝
At a point 'P' on axis of dipole electric field E = and electric potential V =
𝑟3 𝑟2
both nonzero and electric field along dipole on the axis.

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5. (1)
V=0
kP cos  KP.r
V= = 3
r2 r
r

 KP
r V=
P r2

6. (1)
kpcos 
V=
r2
kpcos60 kp
V= 2
= 2
x 2x

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Electrostatic Potential Energy of Electric Diploe in External Electric Field DPP-33

1. If an electric dipole is placed in an electric field generated by a point charge then: -

(1) the net electric force on the dipole must be zero
(2) the net electric force on the dipole may be zero
(3) the torque on the dipole due to the field must be zero
(4) the torque on the dipole due to the field may be zero

2. An electric dipole is placed in non-uniform electric field, then it experiences –

(1) a force equal to zero
(2) A non – zero torque
(3) a force which must be non-zero
(4) can’t predict behaviour

3. Two charges +3.2×10-19 and –3.2×10-19C kept 2.4 Å apart forms a dipole. If it is kept in uniform electric field
of intensity 4×105 volt/m then what will be its electrical energy in equilibrium
(1) +3  10−23 J
(2) −3  10−23 J
(3) −6  10−23 − J
(4) −2  10−23 J

4. An electric dipole when placed in a uniform electric field E will have minimum potential energy, when the
angle made by the dipole moment with the field E is ..............
(1) Zero
(2)  / 2
(3) 
(4)  / 4

5. ⃗ is lying along a uniform electric field ⃗𝑬. The work done in rotating
An electric dipole of dipole moment 𝒑
the dipole by 90° is: –
(1) 2pE
(2) pE
(3) √2𝑝𝐸
𝑝𝐸
(4)
2

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6. Consider the following statements about electric dipole and select the correct ones :-
⃗ is directed from negative charge to positive charge.
S1 : Electric dipole moment vector 𝒑
⃗ depends on |𝒓
S2 : The electric field of a dipole at a point with position vector 𝒓 ⃗ | as well as the angle
between 𝒓⃗ and 𝒑 ⃗.
𝟏 𝟏
S3 : The electric dipole potential falls off as and not as.
𝒓𝟐 𝒓
⃗ =𝒑
S4 : In a uniform electric field, the electric dipole experiences no net forces but a torque 𝝉 ⃗.
⃗ ×𝑬
(1) S2, S3 and S4
(2) S3 and S4
(3) S2 and S3
(4) all four

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Answer key
Question 1 2 3 4 5 6
Answer 4 3 2 1 2 4

SOLUTIONS - 33
1. (4)
The torque on the dipole to the field may be zero.
Torque acting on a dipole placed in an electric field.
 = r  F = rFsin  ,
So, for  = 0 or  , the torque will be zero. Hence, the amount of torque acting on the dipole depends
on the orientation of the dipole in the given electric field.

2. (3)
a force which must be non-zero

3. (2)
Given: q = 3.2 10−19 C
2a = 2.4 × 10–10m
p = q  2a
p = 7.68  10−29 cm
P.E. = −p.
= −7.68 10−29  4 105
= –3×10–23 Joule

4. (1)
∵ Potential energy = –PE cos
For minimum potential energy  = 0°

5. (2)
W = pE(cos θ1 – cos θ2 )
= pE(1 – 0) = PE

6. (4)
All are correct
(Refer dipole)

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Conductors and their properties DPP-34

1. Two conductors are of same shape and size. One of copper and the other of aluminium (less conducting)
are placed in an uniform electric field. The charge induced in aluminium: -
(1) will be less than that in copper
(2) will be more than that in copper
(3) will be equal to that in copper
(4) cannot be compared with that of copper

2. A big hollow metal sphere A is charged to 100 volts and another smaller hollow sphere B is charged to 50
volts. If B is put inside A and joined with a metallic wire, then the direction of charge flow :-
(1) is from A to B
(2) is from B to A
(3) no charge flows
(4) depends on the radii of spheres

3. A charge given to any conductor resides on its outer surface, because :-

(1) the free charge tends to be in its minimum potential energy state.
(2) the free charge tends to be in its minimum kinetic energy state.
(3) the free charge tends to be in its maximum potential energy state.
(4) the free charge tends to be in its maximum kinetic energy state.

4. An uncharged sphere of metal is placed in between two charged plates as shown. The lines of force appear
as :-

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

5. Consider a conducting spherical shell of radius R with its centre at the origin, carrying uniform positive
surface charge density. The variation of the magnitude of the electric field E(r) and the electric potential
V(r) with the distance r from the centre, is best represented by the graph (Here dotted line represents
potential curve and bold line represents electric field curve) :-

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(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

6. A conductor with a positive charge

(1) Is always at +e potential
(2) Is always at zero potential
(3) Is always at negative potential
(4) May be at +e , zero or −e potential

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Answer key
Question 1 2 3 4 5 6
Answer 3 2 1 3 4 4

SOLUTIONS - 34
1. (3)
Net electric field inside the conductor must be zero under static condition. So, the net induced charge
must be same on both the conductors.

2. (2)
The whole system can be considered as a conductor and charges always resides on the outer surface of a
conductor. So, the charge will flow from B to A.

3. (1)

4. (3)

5. (4)

6. (4)
Potential depends on charges presents in surrounding too.
So, Potential can be positive, negative and zero.

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Earthing of conductor DPP-35

1. When a body is earth connected, electrons from the earth flow into the body. This means the body is….
(1) Unchanged
(2) Charged positively
(3) Charged negatively
(4) An insulator

2. Two concentric conducting spheres are of radii r1 and r2. The outer sphere is given a charge q. The charge
q’ on the inner sphere will be (inner sphere is grounded) :-

(1) q
(2) –q
r1
(3) −q
r2
(4) Zero

3. The inner shell is now earthed. What amount of charge will flow from shell to ground -
+8C
(1) 2C -2C

(2) 3C

(3) 4C

(4) 5C

4. The inner shell is now earthed. What amount of charge will flow from ground to shell on earthing.

+8C
(1) 2C -2C
(2) 3C

(3) –2C

(4) 5C

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5. The outer shell is now earthed. What amount of charge will flow from shell to ground on earthing.
+8C
(1) 4C -2C

(2) 2C

(3) 6C

(4) 10C

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Answer key
Question 1 2 3 4 5
Answer 2 3 1 3 3

SOLUTIONS - 35
1. (2)

2. (3)

V (on surface of inner sphere) = 0

Kq Kq'
+ =0
r2 r1
r1
 q' = −q 
r2

3. (1)
Let the charge on inner shell after earthing is q.
V (on surface of inner shell) = 0
K ( 8c ) Kq
+ =0
2r r
 q = −4C
The charge that will flow from shell to ground is +2C.

4. (3)
Let the charge on inner shell after earthing is q.
V (on surface of inner shell) = 0
K ( 8c ) Kq
+ =0
2r r
 q = −4C
The charge that will flow from ground to shell is –2C.

5. (3)
Let the final charge on outer shell be q
k ( −2) kq
Potential of outer shell = + =0
2r 2r
k ( q − 2)
= =0
2r
 q = 2C
 6C charge will flow from outer shell to ground.

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Leakage of Charge, Electrostatic Shielding and Sharing of Charge DPP-36

1. Three large conducting sheets (Each of area A) placed close and parallel to each other contain charges Q,
2Q and 3Q respectively. Find the electric field at points A.
Q
(1)
A0
2Q
(2)
A0
3Q
(3)
A0
4Q
(4)
A0

2. In the previous question Find electric field at point B

−2Q
(1)
A 0
(2) 0
4Q
(3)
A0
Q
(4)
A0

3. Find final charges on each surface of plate which is having +2C charge

(1) 5C, –3C

(2) 2C, 3C
(3) 4C, –1C
(4) 3C, 2C

4. Find final charges on each surface of plate which is having –6C charge
(1) 3C, –9C
(2) 2C, 3C
(3) 4C, –1C

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(4) 3C, 2C
5. Find final charges on each surface of plate which is having 8C charge
(1) 3C, –9C
(2) 2C, 3C
(3) 9C, –1C
(4) 3C, 2C

6. A metal sphere A of radius r1 charged to a potential 1 is enveloped by a thin walled conducting spherical
shell B of radius r2. Then potential 2 of the sphere A after it is connected to the shell B by a thin
conducting wire will be :-
r1
(1) 1
r2
B
r  r2
(2) 1  2 
 r1 
++
 r  + +
(3) 1  1 − 2  + A +
+ +
 r1  + + ++
 rr 
(4) 1  1 2 
 r1 + r2 

7. A spherical conducting shell of radius R has a charge q. A point charge Q is placed at its centre. The
R
electrostatic potential at a point P a distant from the centre of the shell is :-
2

(1)
(q + Q) 2
4  0 R
2Q
(2)
4  0 R
2Q 2q
(3) −
4  0 R 4  0 R
2Q q
(4) +
4  0 R 4  0 R

8. Consider a non-spherical conductor shown in the figure which is given a certain amount of positive charge.
The charge distributes itself on the surface such that the charge densities are 1 , 2 and 3 at the regions
1, 2 and 3 respectively. Then: -

(1) 1  2  3
(2) 2  3  1
(3) 3  1  2
(4) 2  1  3

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9. Two identical conducting spheres, fixed in place, attract each other with an electrostatic force of 0.108 N
when separated by 50.0 cm, centre to centre. The spheres are then connected by a thin conducting wire.
When the wire is removed the spheres repel each other with an electrostatic force of 0.0360 N. The initial
charges on the sphere were:

(1) 9×10–6C, –3×10–6C

(2) 1×10–6C, –3×10–6C

(3) -3×10–6C, 2×10–6C

(4) 1×10–6C, –2×10–6C

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Answer key
Question 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Answer 1 2 1 1 3 1 4 4 2

SOLUTIONS - 36
1. (1)
Charge can be distributed on the surface of the conducting sheets as follows:

Q Q
EA = 2 =
2A 0 A 0

2. (2)
Charge can be distributed on the surface of the conducting sheets as follows:

EB = 0

3. (1)
Charge can be distributed on the surface of the conducting sheets as follows:

So, the charge on each surface of plate having +2C charge is (5C, –3C).

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4. (1)
Charge can be distributed on the surface of the conducting sheets as follows:

So, the charge on each surface of plate having –6C charge is (3C, –9C).

5. (3)
Charge can be distributed on the surface of the conducting sheets as follows:

So, the charge on each surface of plate having 8C charge is (9C, –1C).

6. (1)
KQ
1 =  KQ = r11
r1
All charge moves to outer sphere after connection
KQ  r1 
2 = =   1
r2  r2 

7. (4)
kQ kq q
VP = +
R R R/2
2 P
Q
1
k= R
4  0

8. (4)
1

R
and, R3  R1  R 2
2  1  3

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9. (2)
Since the spheres are identical. So, the charge on each sphere will be equal after connecting by a thin
conducting wire.
Let the final charge on each sphere is Q. Q Q
kQ2
F= = 0.0360
r2
r2  0.0360
 Q2 =
k
50 cm
(0.5)
2
 0.0360
 Q2 =
9  109
−6
Q = 10 C
Qtotal = 2Q =  2×10–6C
So, only option (2) is correct (charges remain conserved).

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