A Detailed Lesson Plan in Understanding Culture, Society and Politics Grade 11/12

I. Objectives
A. Content Standards:
The learners demonstrate an understanding of how individuals should
behave as part of a political community.

B. Performance Standards:
The learners should be able to assess the rules of social interaction to
maintain stability of everyday life and the role of innovation in response to
problems and challenges.

C. Learning Competencies:
The learners should be able to:
1. analyze the forms and functions of social organizations.

D. Learning Objectives:
At the end of the discussion, the students should be able to;
a. define what a social group is;
b. identify the different types of groups in a society;
c. explain how the society is organized; and
d. describe the characteristics and functions of the different social groups.

II. Content
A. Topic/SubjectMatter:
How society is organized

B. Concepts/ Ideas:
1. Social group - a collection of people who regularly interact with one another
based on shared expectations concerning behavior and who share a sense of
common identity.
2. Primary group - a small and intimate social group whose members share
emotion-based, close, and personal interactions.
3. Secondary group - a small but larger than primary group and has more
specialized terms of membership with mostly impersonal, short-term, and
objective-oriented for a certain period.
4. Reference group - a group where an individual compares himself or herself
which can create an impact on one’s standard of attitude and behavior.
5. In-group - a group to which an individual feels he or she belongs.
6. Out-group-a group that an individual does not identify with.
 7. Networks - a set of linkages, ties, and interconnections among or between
the members of the different social groups.

C. Process/Skills to be developed
Analytical, Classification, Communication, Collaboration

D. Attitudes/values to be developed
Critical thinking, Social responsibility, Open-mindedness

E. Strategies to employ
Presentation, Discussion, Role playing, Games

III. Learning Resources

A. References
1. Curriculum Guide
K-12 Curriculum Guide, page 545
2. Learners’ Materials
- Textbooks
- Printed handouts
- Notebooks
- Pencils/Ball pens
3. Textbook
- Understanding Culture, Society, and Politics
https://www.scribd.com/document/514367624/UCSP-Q1-Mod5-
Part-1-KDoctolero
4. Other learning resources
- Video: Types of Groups: Primary, Secondary, Reference groups
Link: https://youtu.be/MYryDskfiu0?si=WJLR6CF0abkT9I7h

B. Materials
1. Laptop and Projector - to be used in presenting the topic

IV. Procedure
A. Information
Social groups can be formed from social aggregates and social categories
through a process of interaction, shared characteristics, and a sense of unity. While
social aggregates are collections of individuals who happen to be in the same place at
the same time without any other connection, social categories consist of people who
share a particular characteristic but may not interact with each other. Ultimately, the
 shift from aggregates and categories to social groups is marked by the development
of relationships, shared norms, and a collective identity among the members.

B. Lesson Proper

Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity

Preparation/Motivation
a. Preparatory Activity

Greetings…

Good morning, class!

Good morning, Ma’am!

Prayer…

May I request someone in front to lead us in

a simple prayer before we start our class?
(The student will lead the prayer)

Checking Attendance…

Okay! I will check your attendance. Raise

your hand and say present.
(The students are all present)
I hope you’re all ready for today’s lesson.
We’re going to delve into an interesting
aspect of our society - social groups. This
topic will help us understand how we, as
individuals, fit into larger groups and how
these groups interact with each other. So,
let’s get started and explore the fascinating
world of social groups together!

Before we start our discussion, we will be

having an activity. This activity is called
Guess the Picture. So, I will be showing you
pictures and you need to guess it.

Are we clear?
Yes, Ma’am.
Let’s start.

Family, Ma’am.
Very good! Next one.

Best Friend, Ma’am.

Nice!

Co-workers, Ma’am.

Very good!
 Classmates, Ma’am.
Very good!

Political Party, Ma’am

Very good, everyone!

b. Presentation

Based on our warm-up activity, what word

can you associate with the pictures?
A group, Ma’am.

Why do you say so?

It associates a group that involves or
consists of 2 or more people, Ma’am.
Yes, that’s right! The pictures you have
guessed represent groups or collections of
individuals.

I have a quotation here, and I would like to

hear your thoughts on it.
What do you think this means?
Man can't survive in isolation, ma'am
because human beings interact with each
other daily, having a deep impact on each
other’s life.
Good job!

Since he holds that humans are social

animals, what does Aristotle mean when he
says that humans are social animals?
Man is considered a social animal due to his
inherent nature to live in groups and form
social bonds for survival and well-being,
Ma’am.
Very well-said, class!

Today’s discussion is about social groups.

How do you define social groups?

Yes, Ms Diao.
A social group is a collection of individuals
who share aims and routines, a sense of
unity, and a common identity, Ma’am.
That’s right, Ms Diao!

Any other ideas from the class?

Yes, Ms Bayang.
Social group is a collection of people who
regularly interact with one another on the
basis of shared expectations concerning
behavior who share a sense of common
identity, Ma’am.
Very good, Ms Bayang!
Can someone provide me with an example?
Family and friends, Ma’am.

That’s correct.

So, social groups can be classified into three

categories: (1) Primary group, (2) Secondary
group, and (3) Reference group.

First, let’s discuss what the primary group is.

Could someone explain to the class what we

mean when we say "primary group"?

Yes, Mr Borja.
Primary Group is a small and intimate social
group whose members share
emotion-based, close, and personal
interactions. This group is commonly long
lasting. Primary groups include family and
friends, Ma’am.
Why do you think family and friends are
classified as a primary group?
Because family and friends is a small group
whose members share personal and long
lasting relationships, Ma’am.
Ms Reutirez, why do the relationships in this
primary group continue so long?
Because primary group are bound together
by strong emotional bond, Ma’am
That’s right!

The next category is the secondary group.

Given that primary requires a deep

emotional link to survive, how do you feel
about secondary groups? Is it something
that has a higher probability of creating
enduring relationships or something that
extends beyond the primary group?

Okay, Ms Calivoso.
 Secondary groups can be small but larger
than primary groups. This group has more
specialized terms of membership with
mostly impersonal, short term, and
objective-oriented for a certain period of
time, Ma’am.
That is correct!

Can you provide an example of secondary

groups?
Classmates Ma’am.
Why do you say so?
Ma’am there is no emotional connection
but there is a goal to achieve.
Precisely! When we say secondary group,
the interaction is less personal and less
social intimacy.

And the last category is the Reference

group.

Do you have any idea what the Reference

group is?

Yes, Ms Martinez.
Reference group is a group where an
individual compares himself or herself,
Ma’am.
That’s correct.

Reference groups are used to guide its

members into a specific social attitude and
social norms.

What is the other name of these groups?

These groups are commonly known as
identity association group because these are
created by a person’s desire and choice to
provide a character connection.
Excellent!

So, there are two types of Reference Group:

In-group and Out-group.

In-groups are social groups to which an

individual feels he or she belongs. One feels
loyalty and aspect for these groups.

Ms Ines, will you please recite an example of

in-group?
One instance of this is when supporters of
the same American Idol, team, or group
made up of people of the same ethnicity
cheer for them, Ma’am.
Very good, Ms Ines.

Out-groups, on the other hand, are social

groups that an individual does not identify
with. One feels antagonism and
competitiveness for these groups.

Mr Badua, will you give an example of an

out-group?
Any individual who is not a part of your
group is considered an out-group. In daily
life, examples of out-groups are the
non-religious neighbors who live next door
to a religious community center, even
though they are not religious members,
Ma’am.
Very good, Mr Badua!

Based on their definition, can someone

provide more examples for each type?
(students raises their hands)

Ma’am, examples of in-groups are neighbors

and schoolmates.

How about Out-group?

Examples of out-groups are members of a
rivalry team, Ma'am.
That’s correct.
The behavior of primary, secondary, or
reference groups doesn’t mean that they
are only limited in terms of membership
requirements. An individual often has a
complex membership with different social
groups and sometimes there is variation in
terms of interaction and relationship.

There is another type of social group called

Networks. So what do you think Networks
are?
Ma’am, networks are connections between
people or groups. It's all about how we
interact and relate to each other.
Perfect! Any other hands please?
Networks refers to the set of linkages, ties,
and interconnections among or between
the members of the different social groups.
With the presence of networks, the
connections of a certain social group is
widened when it comes to specific personal,
economic, religious, or political reasons and
concerns, Ma’am.
Very good!

c. Comparison and
Abstract/Discussion

Did you understand our lesson for today?

Yes ma'am (everyone)
Again, what are the three categories of
Social Group?
Primary Group, Secondary Group, and
Reference Group, Ma’am.
What are your thoughts about our topic's
first type of group?
I've realized how important it is to have a
strong emotional connection with others,
particularly our family and friends, in order
for our companionship to remain forever.
Very well-said, class.
In your own understanding, how do primary
groups differ from secondary groups in
terms of the relationship they involve?
Primary groups are more likely to involve
intimate and long-term relationships while
the secondary groups are more formal and
impersonal Ma’am.
Very good! Is there any other answer from
the class?
Primary groups are also driven by emotional
support while secondary groups are more
on achieving goals rather than fulfilling
emotional needs Ma’am.
That’s right! How about the reference
group, how do they influence your decisions
and behaviors on a daily basis?
The influence of reference groups can
considerably shape a person’s perspective
and behavior, as they allow them to
compare themselves and their decisions to
the criteria set by the reference groups they
acknowledge, Ma’am.
What are the types of Reference groups
again and how do they differ?
Ma’am the types of Reference groups are
In-groups and Out-groups. In-groups are the
group in which individuals identify with
while Out-groups are the group in which
they do not identify due to differences.
Very good!

d. Generalization

To know if you truly understand our lesson,

what are the three different categories of
social group?
Primary groups, secondary groups and
primary groups.
That’s right! So, can anyone from the class
share who makes up a primary group now
that you have classified the three different
categories of social group?
Primary groups include family and friends
Ma’am.
Very good! How about the secondary
group?
Secondary groups include workmates,
classmates and workplace committees
Ma’am.
And the Reference group?
The reference groups include interest clubs,
dance groups or sport teams Ma’am.
Very good! There are two types of reference
groups. What are they?
In-group and out-group Ma’am.
Now that you have already classified the
two types of reference group. Who makes
up an in-group type?
Church groups, interest clubs, neighbors,
schoolmates, fraternity & sorority Ma’am.
How about the out-group type?
Sports team opponent, fans of the rival
team, cliques at school and rival gangs
Ma’am.
Very good class because you all understood
our topic. Let’s give ourselves a clap.

e. Application

Now, let’s have an activity. This is called a

Role-Play Activity.
(the students will divide themselves into
two groups by counting 1 and 2)
Are you ready?

I will divide you into two groups and I will

assign each group a different social group

A. Family
B. Friends
(the students will prepare a short skit)
After you divide yourselves into two groups.
 Each group needs to prepare a short skit
that illustrates the dynamics of their
assigned group.

I will give you 15 minutes to finish it. Are

you done?
Yes, Ma’am.
Who wants to perform first?
(group 2 raises their hands)

Okay, Group 2 please come in front. (Group 2 will present)

Good job, Group 2! Next, may we have

Group 1.
(Group 1 will present)
Great job, Group 1!

(Teacher will give comments)

V. Evaluation
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the letter on a sheet of paper.

1. It is a collection of people who regularly interact with one another based on shared
expectations concerning behavior and who share a sense of common identity.
a. Primary group
b. Reference group
c. Secondary group
d. Social group
2. Which social group does Highschool Barkada belong to?
a. In-group
b. Primary group
c. Reference group
d. Secondary group
3. This widens the connections of certain social groups when it comes to specific personal,
economic, religious, or political reasons and concerns?
a. Networks
b. Primary group
c. Reference group
d. Secondary group
4. Which social group does the Supreme Student Government belong to?
 a. Networks
b. Primary group
c. Reference group
d. Secondary group
5. It is a small and intimate social group whose members share emotion-based, close, and
personal interactions.
a. In group
b. Primary group
c. Secondary group
d. Social group
6. Which social group does a co-contestant belong to?
a. Networks
b. Primary group
c. Reference group
d. Secondary group
7. It is a group with which an individual does not identify, resulting in feelings of antagonism
and competitiveness towards that group.
a. In-group
b. Network
c. Out-group
d. Secondary Group
8. Which social group does a family doctor belong to?
a. In-group
b. Out-group
c. Primary group
d. Secondary group
9. The behavior of an individual can be shaped by the set of behavior and beliefs of a group
that such an individual considers as ideal.
a. In-group
b. Primary group
c. Reference group
d. Secondary group
10. Which social group does a 2nd degree cousin belong to?
a. In-group
b. Primary group
c. Reference group
d. Secondary group

Answer Key
1.C
2.D
3.A
4.C
5.D
6.A
7.B
8.A
9.C
10. B

VI. Assignment
Choose a social group with which you are familiar and provide a comprehensive analysis by
addressing the following points:
1. Characteristics and Functions of the Social Group
● Describe the key characteristics and functions of the social group,
highlighting its purpose, structure and membership criteria.
2. Type of the Social Group
● Identify and categorize the social group based on its characteristics (e.g.,
primary, secondary, reference group).
3. Contribution to the Organization of Society
● Explain how this social group contributes to the broader organization of
society, considering its impact on social norms, values, and structures.