Chapter-2(BEE)

MCQ on Transformer

1. What is the primary function of a transformer?

 a) To convert DC voltage to AC voltage
 b) To step up or step down AC voltage
 c) To amplify audio signals
 d) To regulate current flow
 Answer: b) To step up or step down AC voltage

2. Which principle is responsible for the operation of a transformer?

 a) Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction
 b) Ohm's law
 c) Newton's second law of motion
 d) Coulomb's law
 Answer: a) Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction

3. What type of core material is commonly used in transformers?

 a) Copper
 b) Aluminum
 c) Iron
 d) Silver
 Answer: c) Iron

4. What is the main advantage of using a step-up transformer?

 a) It reduces voltage
 b) It increases voltage
 c) It reduces current
 d) It increases current
 Answer: b) It increases voltage

5. Which of the following transformers has more turns in the secondary coil than in the
primary coil?
 a) Step-up transformer
 b) Step-down transformer
 c) Isolation transformer
 d) Auto transformer
 Answer: a) Step-up transformer

6. What is the frequency of the alternating current in most household electrical systems?
 a) 50 Hz
 b) 60 Hz
 c) 50 kHz
 d) 60 kHz
 Answer: a) 50 Hz
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7. Which type of transformer provides electrical isolation between the primary and
secondary circuits?
 a) Step-up transformer
 b) Step-down transformer
 c) Isolation transformer
 d) Auto transformer
 Answer: c) Isolation transformer

8. Which of the following is a disadvantage of using a transformer?

 a) High efficiency
 b) Large size and weight
 c) Low voltage regulation
 d) Low cost
 Answer: b) Large size and weight

9. What is the name given to the ratio of the number of turns in the secondary coil to the
number of turns in the primary coil of a transformer?
 a) Turns ratio
 b) Voltage ratio
 c) Current ratio
 d) Power ratio
 Answer: a) Turns ratio

10. What type of transformer has a single winding that serves as both the primary and
secondary winding?
 a) Step-up transformer
 b) Step-down transformer
 c) Isolation transformer
 d) Auto transformer
 Answer: d) Auto transformer

11. What is the main purpose of the core in a transformer?

 a) To conduct electricity
 b) To increase the size of the transformer
 c) To provide mechanical support
 d) To provide a path for magnetic flux
 Answer: d) To provide a path for magnetic flux

12. Which of the following materials is commonly used as insulation in transformer windings?
 a) Rubber
 b) Glass
 c) Paper
 d) Copper
 Answer: c) Paper

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13. What happens to the voltage in the secondary coil of a step-up transformer compared to
the primary coil?
 a) It is higher
 b) It is lower
 c) It is the same
 d) It depends on the load
 Answer: a) It is higher

14. Which of the following is a common application of a step-down transformer?

 a) Powering household appliances
 b) Stepping up voltage for transmission
 c) Generating high voltage for lightning protection
 d) Providing electrical isolation
 Answer: a) Powering household appliances

15. Which type of transformer is commonly used in electronic devices to convert high
voltage to low voltage for operation?
 a) Step-up transformer
 b) Step-down transformer
 c) Isolation transformer
 d) Auto transformer
 Answer: b) Step-down transformer

16. What happens to the current in the secondary coil of a step-up transformer compared to
the primary coil?
 a) It is higher
 b) It is lower
 c) It is the same
 d) It depends on the load
 Answer: b) It is lower

17. Which of the following is a characteristic of an ideal transformer?

 a) No magnetic flux leakage
 b) No electrical losses
 c) No mechanical losses
 d) All of the above
 Answer: d) All of the above

18. In a transformer, what is the name given to the winding connected to the input voltage?
 a) Primary winding
 b) Secondary winding
 c) Tertiary winding
 d) Inductive winding
 Answer: a) Primary winding

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19. What is the name given to the phenomenon where a transformer core becomes
magnetized due to the flow of alternating current?
 a) Eddy currents
 b) Hysteresis
 c) Magnetic saturation
 d) Mutual induction
 Answer: d) Mutual induction

20. Which of the following transformers has a secondary coil with fewer turns than the
primary coil?
 a) Step-up transformer
 b) Step-down transformer
 c) Isolation transformer
 d) Auto transformer
 Answer: b) Step-down transformer

21. What is the name given to the loss of energy in a transformer due to resistance in the
windings?
 a) Eddy current loss
 b) Hysteresis loss
 c) Copper loss
 d) Core loss
 Answer: c) Copper loss

22. What is the name given to the loss of energy in a transformer due to changes in the
magnetic field?
 a) Eddy current loss
 b) Hysteresis loss
 c) Copper loss
 d) Core loss
 Answer: d) Core loss

23. Which of the following is a common application of an isolation transformer?

 a) Powering household appliances
 b) Stepping up voltage for transmission
 c) Providing electrical isolation in medical equipment
 d) Generating high voltage for lightning protection
 Answer: c) Providing electrical isolation in medical equipment

24. Which of the following is a common application of a step-up transformer?

 a) Powering household appliances
 b) Stepping up voltage for transmission
 c) Generating high voltage for lightning protection
 d) Providing electrical isolation
 Answer: c) Generating high voltage for lightning protection

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25. Which of the following materials is commonly used to fill the space between the windings
and the core in a transformer?
 a) Copper
 b) Aluminum
 c) Insulating oil
 d) Silver
 Answer: c) Insulating oil

26. What is the name given to the process of increasing the magnetic flux in a transformer
core to its maximum value?
 a) Eddy currents
 b) Hysteresis
 c) Magnetic saturation
 d) Magnetization
 Answer: c) Magnetic saturation

27. What is the name given to the maximum amount of voltage a transformer can withstand
without breaking down?
 a) Load voltage
 b) Breakdown voltage
 c) Rated voltage
 d) Surge voltage
 Answer: c) Rated voltage

28. Which of the following is a characteristic of a step-up transformer?

 a) Low turns ratio
 b) High turns ratio
 c) Low output voltage
 d) High output current
 Answer: b) High turns ratio

29. Which of the following is a common application of a step-up transformer in power

systems?
 a) Stepping up voltage for transmission
 b) Powering household appliances
 c) Providing electrical isolation
 d) Generating high voltage for lightning protection
 Answer: a) Stepping up voltage for transmission
30. Which of the following is a characteristic of a step-down transformer?
 a) Low turns ratio
 b) High turns ratio
 c) High output voltage
 d) Low output current
 Answer: a) Low turns ratio

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31. Which of the following losses occurs due to resistance in the windings of a transformer?
 a) Eddy current loss
 b) Hysteresis loss
 c) Copper loss
 d) Core loss
 Answer: c) Copper loss

32. What is the primary cause of eddy current loss in a transformer?

 a) Resistance in the windings
 b) Changes in the magnetic field
 c) Electrical insulation breakdown
 d) Mechanical friction
 Answer: b) Changes in the magnetic field

33. Which loss in a transformer is dependent on the frequency of the alternating current?
 a) Eddy current loss
 b) Hysteresis loss
 c) Copper loss
 d) Core loss
 Answer: a) Eddy current loss

34. Hysteresis loss in a transformer is primarily caused by:

 a) Joule heating in the windings
 b) Magnetic domains aligning and realigning
 c) Eddy currents circulating in the core
 d) Vibration of the transformer core
 Answer: b) Magnetic domains aligning and realigning

35. Core loss in a transformer is also known as:

 a) Eddy current loss
 b) Hysteresis loss
 c) Copper loss
 d) Iron loss
 Answer: d) Iron loss

36. What type of loss occurs due to the constant reversal of magnetization in the transformer
core?
 a) Eddy current loss
 b) Hysteresis loss
 c) Copper loss
 d) Core loss
 Answer: b) Hysteresis loss

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37. Which loss is proportional to the area of the hysteresis loop in the B-H curve of the
transformer core material?
 a) Eddy current loss
 b) Hysteresis loss
 c) Copper loss
 d) Core loss
 Answer: b) Hysteresis loss

38. What is the primary factor affecting copper loss in a transformer?

 a) Magnetic flux density
 b) Frequency of operation
 c) Resistance of the windings
 d) Core material
 Answer: c) Resistance of the windings

39. Which loss occurs due to the circulation of currents induced in the conductive core
material of the transformer?
 a) Eddy current loss
 b) Hysteresis loss
 c) Copper loss
 d) Core loss
 Answer: a) Eddy current loss

40. What is the effect of increasing the frequency of the alternating current on eddy current
loss in a transformer?
 a) Eddy current loss decreases
 b) Eddy current loss remains the same
 c) Eddy current loss increases
 d) Eddy current loss becomes zero
 Answer: c) Eddy current loss increases

41. Which loss is predominant in transformers operating at higher frequencies?

 a) Eddy current loss
 b) Hysteresis loss
 c) Copper loss
 d) Core loss
 Answer: a) Eddy current loss

42. How does the thickness of the laminations in the transformer core affect eddy current
loss?
 a) Thicker laminations reduce eddy current loss
 b) Thicker laminations increase eddy current loss
 c) Laminations have no effect on eddy current loss
 d) Thicker laminations increase hysteresis loss
 Answer: a) Thicker laminations reduce eddy current loss

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43. What is the primary cause of hysteresis loss in a transformer core?
 a) Resistance in the windings
 b) Eddy currents in the core
 c) Magnetic domains aligning and realigning
 d) Vibration of the transformer core
 Answer: c) Magnetic domains aligning and realigning

44. Which loss occurs due to the resistance of the windings in a transformer?
 a) Eddy current loss
 b) Hysteresis loss
 c) Copper loss
 d) Core loss
 Answer: c) Copper loss

45. What is the effect of increasing the load current on copper loss in a transformer?
 a) Copper loss decreases
 b) Copper loss remains the same
 c) Copper loss increases
 d) Copper loss becomes zero
 Answer: c) Copper loss increases

46. How can the hysteresis loss in a transformer be minimized?

 a) By using a higher resistance material for the windings
 b) By increasing the thickness of the laminations in the core
 c) By decreasing the frequency of the alternating current
 d) By reducing the number of turns in the windings
 Answer: b) By increasing the thickness of the laminations in the core

47. What is the primary factor affecting core loss in a transformer?

 a) Resistance of the windings
 b) Thickness of the laminations
 c) Frequency of operation
 d) Magnetic flux density
 Answer: d) Magnetic flux density

48. Which loss is responsible for generating heat in the transformer?

 a) Eddy current loss
 b) Hysteresis loss
 c) Copper loss
 d) Core loss
 Answer: c) Copper loss

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49. How the voltage does applied to the primary winding affect the core loss in a
transformer?
 a) Higher voltage increases core loss
 b) Lower voltage increases core loss
 c) Voltage has no effect on core loss
 d) Higher voltage decreases core loss
 Answer: a) Higher voltage increases core loss

50. What is the effect of reducing the frequency of the alternating current on eddy current
loss in a transformer?
 a) Eddy current loss decreases
 b) Eddy current loss remains the same
 c) Eddy current loss increases
 d) Eddy current loss becomes zero
 Answer: a) Eddy current loss decreases

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 Statement along with Answer

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