1.

Derive the expression for the shear stress distribution and velocity distribution for laminar flow
through a circular pipe. Also show that the average velocity is half of the maximum velocity. (6+2)
2. Prove that the most economical trapezoidal section of channel is one half of the regular hexagons. (8)
3. What is water hammer? Derive the expression for intensity of pressure wave produce due to sudden
closure of valve for the case of elastic pipe. (8)
4. Differentiate between weir and notch. derive an equation to compute discharge through V-notch (2+6)
5. Derive the basic equation governing the gradually varied flow. what are the assumptions made during
the derivation.(8)
6. What is mean by hydraulic jump? Show that the energy loss in a jump is given by EL=(Y2-Y1)3/(4Y1Y2).
(1+7)
7. What are the difference between major loss and minor loss of head in pipe flow? Derive Darcy-
Weisbach equation for the loss of head due to friction in pipe flow? (2+6)
8. Deduce a relationship between the depth of flow and diameter for a partially full circular channel
considering maximum velocity? (8)
9. Show that the flow is critical when the discharge is maximum for a given specific energy. (6)
10. Describe the features of different types of profiles in mild sloped and horizontal channel. (8)
11. Define and explain hydraulic grade line and energy grade line? Derive Darcy-Weisbach equation? (4+4)
12. Derive the expression for pressure rise for a sudden closure of the value when the pipe is considered
elastic. describe any one relief devices constructed/installed against the action of water hammer.(4+4)
13. Discuss about the equivalent pipe.(4)
14. Derive discharge equation for triangular notch/weir .(6)
15. Show that for the most economical trapezoidal open channel section, top width will be equal to twice
the length of the sides.(6)
16. Write the condition for backwater and drawn down profiles. (2)
17. Derive the hydraulic jump equation and express it in terms of upstream Froude number. (8)
18. Derive the chezys equation for an open channel flow.(6)
19. List out the advantage of triangular notch over rectangular notch. (4)
20. For the most economical trapezoidal channel section, show that top width of flow must be equal to
twice the length of the channel side. (6)
21. Classify and sketch all the possible water surface profiles? (6)
22. Derive the expression to calculate flow depth after the hydraulic jump,based on upstream flow depth
and upstream. Froude number apply the momentum equation to derive from basic. (8)
23. Derive the equation for frictional head loss in turbulent flow. (8)
24. What is a siphon?prove the pressure at the summit of a siphon is negative.(4+4)
25. Classify the open channel with respect to time,space and hydraulic regime. Critically show thae
difference between pipe flow and open channel flow. (4+4)
26. Derive the equation for most economical trapezoidal sections.(8)
27. Describe shields approach of predicting critical tractive stress.(6)
28. What do you understand by laminar and turbulent flow? Describe law of fluid friction for laminar and
turbulent flow with figure.(2+6)
29. List factor affecting magnitude of present rise/fall due to water hammer. Describe physical phenomena
of water hammer due to instantaneous closure of valve at then end of constant diameter pipe. (2+6)
30. Differentiare between pipe flow and open channel flow? Illustrate the classification of slopes.(4+4)
31. Derive the fundamental equation of uniform flow in open channel.
32. Why notch ventilation is importance. Describe. Find the percent error in Q if there is a 1degree error in
the measurement of the total vertex angle of a triangular weir having a total vertex angle of 60 degree.
(3+5)
33. Derive necessary expression for maximum discharge to pass under movable sluice gate installed across
rectangular channel. (8)
34. Describe characteristics of subcritical, critical and supercritical flow in rectangular channels.(8)
35. What is summit point in siphon? Write down the expression fo summit pressure in siphon.(2+4)
36. Derive the eulers equation for unsteady flow in pipe from first principle. Write down the equation for
rise in pressure at closing of gate in pipe flow.(7+3)
37. What are the condition for uniform flow in open channel? Show the relationship between
chezy,darcy,and mannings coefficient in open channel flow(3+3)
38. Derive the momentum equation for non niform flow in open channel.(8)
39. What is incipient motion in mobile boundary channel? Write down the procedure to design the
channel in alluvial soil.(2+6)
40. Derive specific force equation for non uniform flow in open channel from basics.(8)
41. List all the methods of solving gradually varied flow and describe at least one with sketch.(2+6)
42. What are the uses of hydraulic jump? Prove that energy loss in the jump as by (y2-y1)3/4y2y1

HYDRulic SHORT NOTES:

1. Similarities in model
2. Design steps of channel in alluvial soil
3. Types of open channel flow
4. Siphon and its uses
5. Necessity of model studies
6. Critical tractive stress
7. Cippoletti weir
8. Gradually varied and rapid varied flow
9. Specific energy curve
10. Scale effects in model studies
11. Differentiate between rigid and mobile boundary channel
12. Distorted and undistorted model
13. Types of bed forms
14. Types of hydraulic jump
15. Notch ventilation
16. Equivalent pipe
17. Types of weir
18. Condition of uniform flow
19. Laws of fluid friction
20. Condition for continous supply for siphon
21. Hydrodynamically smooth flow
22. Concept of specific forces
23. Modeling and model laws advantage of model testing
24. Rectangular and triangular notches
25. Surge tank
 26. Shields diagram
27. Kinetic energy correction factor
28. Moodys diagram
29. Classification of open channel
30. Laminar andturbulent flow
31. Hydraulic gradient line and total energy line

Probability and statics

1. Discuss the importance of statics in engineering field.(4)
2. define karl persons’ contilation coefficient and write down its properties.(4)
3. define the terms mutually, exclusive events and define classical approach of probability. (4)
4. discuss on probability mass function and probability density function with example.(4)
5. define binomial distribution and write down the condition of application of binominal distribution.
(4)
6. define normal distribution. Discuss the distinctive features of normal distribution.(4)
7. define hypothesis and its types. also discuss the type I and types II error in hypothesis testing.(4)
8. write down the steps while testing significance difference between two means for large sample.(4)
9. define t-test? discuss the properties of t-distribution.(4)
10.write down the steps of test of goodness of fit.(4)
11.define the probability of an event.state and prove addition law of probability for two events.
12. define random variables and mathematical expection of a random variable with examples.
13. show that mean of binominal distribution is np and the variance of binominal distribution is nqp.
14.Define gamma distribution with two parameters and write down its properties.
15.What do you understand by parameter and statistics .also define standard error with examples.
16.discuss the procedure of testing large sample test for the difference of two proportions?
17.Write down the basic assumption of test of significance of single mean in small samples.
18.Define the chi-square distribution and write down its probability density function.
19. define regression and write down its properties.
20.different between correlation and regression.
21.Define poission distribution and hence find is mean and variance.
22.define point estimate and interval estimate. Discuss the properties of good estimator.
23.What are null and alternative hypothesis? Describe the errors in hypothesis testing.
24.Difference between central tendency and dispersion.
25.Define standard normal distribution.write down the importance properties of SND.
26Define estimation and its types.
27.What are the steps for paired t-test.
28.Define census and sampling method.also define population parameter and sample statistics.
29.Write down the steps of test of significance of independence of categorical variables.
30. what do you mean by measures of average? Write the properties of an ideal average.
31.Define the term equally likely events.
32. write down the characteristics of an ideal measures of central tendency.
Theory of structure.

1. Derive the relation between slope, deflection and curvature.

2. Why arch is more economical than beam? Prove it
3. Prove that strain energy due to shear for rectangular beam is equal to: U=1.2
V2/dx/2ga.
4. Define linear and non linear systems.
5. What are the differences between statically determinate and indeterminate
structure with example.
6. Explain various types of arch with diagram.
7. Explain the principle of virtual work.
8. Write the methods of structural analysis?
9. Prove by the conjugate beam method that the maximum deflection in a simply
supported beam length ‘l’ loaded with udl of intensity ‘w’ thought out its span
and having flexural rigidity constant is equal to 5w14/384EI.
10.How can you convert area beam into conjugate beam? Explain with example.
11.Derive moment area theorem.
12.List different between beam and arch.
13.Explain difference between real ,virtual work with sketch.
14.Derive the expression for the deflection of a simply supported beam carrying
uniformly distributed load over the whole span.
15.Derive an expression for the strain energy due to bending.
Research Methodology
1. Research proposal , Standard deviation and mean
2. Case study , Applied research
3. Field work , Topic selection
4. Experinmental research design
5. Questionnaire , Bibliography
6. Sources of data , Research report
7. Testing of hypothesis
8. Validity and Reliability
9. Difference between quantitative and qualitative data
10. Data interpretation and analysis
1. Define social research and differentiate between basic and applied research
2. Discuss about phases on social research.
3. Explain the different phases of scientific research.
4. Explain the research proposal, describe the importance steps in preparing a research proposal.
5. What is role of research which is generally used in university.
6. Explain the reliability and validity and describe all the methods of test of reliability.
7. What are the characteristics of scientific research and its significance..
8. Difference between applied and fundamental research with examples.
9. What are the basic five steps of research design? write briefly about them.
10. What are the importance of research design in research? Describe descriptive and experimental
research design.
11. explain the descriptive correlation and qualitative research design.
12. What is mean by research problems, what are some main steps to be considered to prepared it.
13. Define observation method of data collection. explain the characteristics , merits and demerits.
14. What is role of data collection in social science research? Difference between primary and
secondary sources of data.
15. Difference between quantitative and qualitative data with examples
16. Describe interview and observation methods as a data collection techniques with examples.
17. Write the objectives and importance of sampling used in research.
18. What do you understand by sampling?. Describe the three types of probability sampling.
19. what are the benefits of sampling? Explain the types of probability sampling.
What is primary data ? how will you present tables, figures and graphs in the report.
20. What is research hypothesis? Discuss validity and reliability as a characteristics of scale
measurement.
21. Define hypothesis and its types. Explain different methods of setting hypothesis. What are the
features of good hypothesis.
22. What is the significance of report to an engineer? Give a format of a report which is commonly
used in university.
23. Define report ?
24. What is research report? Describe the procedure of report writing
25. What is report writing. Discuss the elements of report writing.
 HYDROLOGY
1. Methods of ground water recharge
2. Unit hydrograph and its limitation
3. Evaporimeters
4. Rain gauge
5. Probability of exceedance and return period
6. Current meter
7. Double man curve
8. Role of ground water in irrigation development
9. DAD curve
10. Infiltration
11. Rainfall hyetograph
12. Return period
13. Limitation of unti hydrograph
14. Limitation of rational formula
15. Ideal location for a rain gauge station

Surveying II
1. Write down the specifications for horizontal and vertical control of close traverse.what are the
methods of balancing consecutive coordinates,describe one of them.
2. What are stadia and tangential systems of tacheometry?derive the distance and elevation
formula for staff normal for angle of sepression.
 3. Describe the elements of simple circular curve.
4. Whatare the different method of interpolation of contour?how interpolation can be done by
arithmetic calculation? Find the suitable contour interval n a map.if the representative factor is
1:50,000.
5. How can you insure that a parabolic curve has excellent riding qualities in case of vertical
curve?what are the types of spiral curve.
6. Derive the relationship in analytical reseaction by collions method.
7. Describe about the various checks required in an open traverse and in a closed traverse.
8. What is substense bar? Describe, how it works to find tacheometric measurements?show with
necessary sketches.
9. What do you mean by relief displacement in aerial photogrammetry?also derive the an
expression to find its value.
10. Define contourand write its use in civil engineering works.also describe method contour
interpolation.
11. What do you mean by transition curve? Describe the deflection angle method of setting out the
transition curves.
12. Explain bowditchs rule.ehat are the horizontal and vertical control accuracies in traverse survey.
13. What are the methods of tacheometry?describe about movable hair method.
14. Derive the expression for “Base of the object inaccessible and instruments and object being in
different plane”in trigonometric leveling.
15. Wrie down the steps of design steps of transition curves.
16. What are the factors that control choice of proper contour interval?explain method of
countouring.
SURVEY II
1. Principle of EDM and its classification
2. Remote sensing and its application
3. Advantages and disadvantages of total station
4. Merits of GPS and its components ,uses
5. Scale of vertical photograph
6. Total station,Use of total station, characteristics
7. Principle of triangulation and trilateration
8. Elements of simple circular curves
9. Systems of tacheometric measurements
10. Vertical curves
11. Spherical triangle and celestial sphere
12. Aerial photogrammetry
13. Characteristics of contours
14. Intersection and resection
FOA
1. Public centers, Airport, , Bazzar and Supermarket , Sport complex, Kindergarten, Railway stations
2. Volumetric and spatial composition of buildings
3. Academic and residential building
4. Form remains, function never dies
5. Egyptian civilization
6. Thermal insulation in a building , Acoustics, Light
7. Architectural conservation
8. Construction systems used in buildings
9. Urban planning and its objectives
10. Construction systems
Fundamental of Architecture
1. What is thermal comfort in building? explain about thermal insulation,acoustics and lights with
respect to building design.
2. Explain about the restoration and reconstruction of architectureal objects.
3. What is architecture? What is its important in society?explain about the development of
archecture in terms of materials technology and socio-cultural factor.
4. Define form and function. explain building design as a process?
5. What are the element of design? Explain with sketch the ordering principles used in
architectural design.
6. What are the various construction systems? Explain the modern techonologies of architectural
designing in Nepal.
7. Define ubran planning.mention the objectives and principles of ubran planning.explain its
importance in context of Nepal.
8. Explain the process of a residence. Explain in brief about the processes involved in designing a
building. Draw a bubble diagram of simple residential building.
9. Write down the factors influencing the development of architecture.
10. List the types of building according to function. write in details about public buildings.
11. Explain with examples an architecture as mother of all arts.
12. Explain design process and its importance. Explain design process of residential building.
13. What is conservation. explain the spatial composition of buildings giving suitable examples.
14. Architecture is a creative arts explain.what are the bases for development of architecture.
15. Building design is the result of systematic design process explain with sketch.
16. Classify the types of building according to the function also sketch residential building.
17. Explain the importance of sound insulation in building. Explain the different types of sound
insulation measures in the building
18. Explain the process of residence. What is environmental impact assessment.
19. Explain the volumetric and spatial composition of building.
20. Explain the construction system of building in Nepal.
21. Define acoustic treatment in the building. What are the materials used for acoustic treatment.
22. Discuss the tendencies of development of architecture .