Western Cape Education Department

Directorate: Curriculum FET

MATHEMATICS
REVISION BOOKLET

TUTOR GUIDE
2023 TERM 3

Grade 12

This booklet is meant to accompany the 2023 Term 3 Revision Material for
grade 12 learners. The Revision program is designed for grade 12
learners to revise the critical content and skills covered during the 3rd
term. It will help grade 12 learners to understand the key concepts and to
provide them with an opportunity to establish the required standard and the
application of the knowledge necessary to succeed in the NCS
examination.
The revision program covers the following topics:
• Financial Mathematics (± 15 of 150 marks in Paper 1)
• Probability (± 15 of 150 marks in Paper 1)
• Statistics (± 20 of 150 marks in Paper 2)
• Trigonometry (± 40 of 150 marks in Paper 2)
2023 MATHEMATICS GR 12 TERM 3 2 TUTOR GUIDE MEMORANDUM

Dear Tutor

The Term 3 revision material will be revising:

• Financial Mathematics: ± 15 of 150 marks of Paper 1
• Probability: ± 15 of 150 marks of Paper 1
• Statistics: ± 20 of 150 marks of Paper 2
• Trigonometry: = ±40 of 150 marks of Paper 2

This booklet contains all the solutions to questions in the Grade 12 Term 3 Revision Program.

Each of the above topics starts with a summary of the key content that learners must work through and
ensure they understand. In supporting grade 12 learners with their revision please urge them to work
thoroughly through the summary of the key concepts of a given topic. This is essential before
embarking on doing the exercises.
Any challenges experienced indicates some shortcoming in the understanding of certain concepts which will
hamper the completion of questions on the topic. Ensure that the learner gets the required support from a
tutor, teacher, consult the textbook or from online resources like the e-portal or Telematics.
Learners could also be referred to the, Tutonic concept videos for support.
By clicking on the link, https://westerncape-
my.sharepoint.com/:b:/g/personal/razzia_ebrahim_westerncape_gov_za/Ecexc5QG6-
1IocxgbmJkJDQBh5dnnR00eqzJm0hfNuAJiw?e=AWtIIU learner will access a pdf with mindmaps on all
the different topics in grade 10 - 12.
To get support on a given topic,
1. Goto the mindmap on that topic.
2. The mindmap reflects sub-topics from grade 10 – 12. Click on the ball next to the subtopic to access
the video explaining that concept.

After working through the Summary learners must be encouraged to work through the exercises.
Probability and Trigonometry has a Section A(essentially questions which learners must be able to do, to at
least obtain 30%) and a Section B(these are questions at a higher level and aimed at learners hoping to
achieve over 50%).
Please allow learners to check their answers as they progress through the doing of the questions. It is
important for learners to know whether their answers are correct before progressing to the next
question. Learners will learn a lot by working through the solutions to check their answers. This will also
guide learners in how to present their solutions. If a learner is not able to do a particular question and is not
able to even start it, it is okay for the learner to look at the memorandum, it is all part of the learning
process. That question must then be marked with an (***) and the learner must then attempt it again a day
later.
The amount of time learners require daily for Mathematics differ from one to the other. Please encourage
learners to spend at least 2 hours on revising Mathematics daily.
Thank you for supporting our grade 12 learners with preparing for their Mathematics examination. Please
always encourage and Motivate them.
They require all the support they can get to realise their dreams!!!!!.

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2023 MATHEMATICS GR 12 TERM 3 3 TUTOR GUIDE MEMORANDUM

INDEX

CONTENT PAGE
FINANCIAL MATHEMATICS
• REVISION QUESTIONS SOLUTIONS 4–7

PROBABILITY
• SECTION A SOLUTIONS 8 – 11
• SECTION B SOLUTIONS 12 – 13

STATISTICS
• REVISION SOLUTIONS 14 – 18

TRIGONOMETRY
• SECTION A SOLUTIONS 19 – 22
• SECTION B SOLUTIONS 23 – 27

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2020 MATHEMATICS GR 12 TERM 3 4 FINANCIAL MATHEMATICS SOLUTIONS

Financial Mathematics
Section A:
QUESTION 1 .
1.1 Anisha: 900 or 7,5% of R 12 000
Final investment = 𝑃𝑃(1 + 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖) + 7,5% of 𝑅𝑅 12 000 12 000(1+0,085×5)
= 12 000(1 + 0,085 × 5) + 900 R 18 000
= 𝑅𝑅 18 000
Lindiwe:
Final investment = 𝑃𝑃(1 + 𝑖𝑖)𝑛𝑛 0,085 20
 12 000 �1 + �
0,085 20 4
= 12 000 �1 + �
4
= 𝑅𝑅 18 273,54  𝑅𝑅 18 273,54

Therefore Lindiwe will have a larger final amount.  Conclusion

(6)
1.2 𝐴𝐴 = 𝑃𝑃(1 + 𝑖𝑖)𝑛𝑛
41 611,57 = 120 000(1 + 0,124)𝑛𝑛  Formula
41 611,57  Substitution
= (0,876)𝑛𝑛 41 611,57
120 000
41 611,57 𝑛𝑛 = log (0,876)
120 000
𝑛𝑛 = log (0,876)
120 000
= 8 years  answer (4)

1.3 Final amount: 0,15

 𝑖𝑖 =
𝑥𝑥[(1+𝑖𝑖)𝑛𝑛 −1] 12
= 𝑃𝑃(1 + 𝑖𝑖)𝑛𝑛 + 𝑖𝑖
 𝑛𝑛 = 24
0,15 24
0,15 24 800��1+ � −1�
12  (Subtitition)  (adding)
= 5000 �1 + � + 0,15
12
12
0,15 24
= 6 736, 755 + 22 230,467 24 800��1+ � −1�
5000 �1 + 0,15 � +
12
0,15
= 𝑅𝑅 28 967,22 12
12

 answer (5)
[15]
QUESTION 2

2.1 𝐴𝐴 = 𝑃𝑃(1 − 𝑖𝑖)𝑛𝑛

72 500 = 145 000(1 − 𝑖𝑖)5  Subtitition
5 72 500
𝑖𝑖 = 1 − �  writing in terms of 𝑖𝑖
145 000
= 0,1294 …
 answer
∴ Rate of interest is 12,94% 𝑝𝑝. 𝑎𝑎. (3)

2.2.1 𝑥𝑥[1−(1+𝑖𝑖)−𝑛𝑛 ]
𝑃𝑃 = 0,12
𝑖𝑖
0,12 −240
 𝑖𝑖 =
𝑥𝑥�1−�1+ � � 12
500 000 =
12  𝑛𝑛 = 240
0,12
12
0,12
500 000 ×
𝑥𝑥 = 12
0,12 −240
�1−�1+ � �
12  Subtitition in correct formula

𝑥𝑥 = 𝑅𝑅 5 505,43  answer
2.2.2 𝑥𝑥[1−(1+𝑖𝑖)−𝑛𝑛 ]
𝑃𝑃 = 𝑖𝑖  6 000

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2020 MATHEMATICS GR 12 TERM 3 5 FINANCIAL MATHEMATICS SOLUTIONS

0,12 −240  Subtitition in correct formula

6 000�1−�1+ � �
12
500 000 = 0,12
12

500 000
× 0,01 = 1 − (1,01)−𝑛𝑛
6 000

5
(1,01)−𝑛𝑛 = 1 −  Use of logs
6
1
log� �
6
−𝑛𝑛 = log 1,01
 answer
(4)
𝑛𝑛 = 180,07
∴ Melissa settles the loan in 181 months

2.2.3 Samuel  Samuel

He is paying off his loan over a longer period thus more  Reason
interest will be paid. (2)

[13]
QUESTION 3

3.1 𝐴𝐴 = 𝑃𝑃(1 + 𝑖𝑖)𝑛𝑛

0,15 2  Subtititiing 𝑖𝑖 and 𝑛𝑛 values
𝐴𝐴 = 250 000 �1 + �
12
= 𝑅𝑅 256 289,06  answer
(2)
3.2 𝑥𝑥[1−(1+𝑖𝑖)−𝑛𝑛 ]
𝑃𝑃 = 0,15
𝑖𝑖
0,15 −46
 𝑖𝑖 = 12
𝑥𝑥�1−�1+ � �
256 289,06 =
12  𝑛𝑛 = 46
0,15
12
 Subtitition in correct formula
0,15 −46
3203,6133 = 𝑥𝑥 �1 − �1 + 12
� �
 answer
𝑥𝑥 = 𝑅𝑅 7 359,79 per month (4)

3.3 𝑥𝑥[1−(1+𝑖𝑖)−𝑛𝑛 ]
𝑃𝑃 = 𝑖𝑖  9 000
0,15 −𝑛𝑛
9 000�1−�1+ � �
12
256 289,06 = 0,15  Subtitition in correct formula
12
0,15 −𝑛𝑛
�1 + 12
� = 0,6440429722

log(0,6440429722)  Use of logs

−𝑛𝑛 = 0,15
log�1+ �
12
 𝑛𝑛 = 35,42
𝑛𝑛 = 35,41872568 months
 10 months
∴ 36 payments are required (5)
∴ Thabiso will pay his loan off 10 months sooner

3.4 The balance off his loan after the 35th payment was made
 Subtitition in correct formula

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2020 MATHEMATICS GR 12 TERM 3 6 FINANCIAL MATHEMATICS SOLUTIONS

0,15 35
0,15 35 9000��1+ � −1�
12
𝐵𝐵 = 256 289,06 �1 + � − 0,15  𝑅𝑅 3 735,45
12
12
= 𝑅𝑅 3 735,45 0,15
 3 735,45 �1 + �
12
0,15  Answer
Final instalment = 3 735,45 �1 + 12
�
(4)
= 𝑅𝑅 3 782,14
[15]
QUESTION 4

4.1 𝐴𝐴 = 𝑃𝑃(1 − 𝑖𝑖)𝑛𝑛 2

 𝐴𝐴 = 3 𝑃𝑃
2
3
𝑃𝑃 = 𝑃𝑃(1 − 0,047)𝑛𝑛  Subtitition in correct formula
2
= (1 − 0,047)𝑛𝑛
3  logs
2
log
𝑛𝑛 = 3
log(1−0,047)  answer
𝑛𝑛 = 8,42 years (4)
4.2.1 The book value of the tractor after 5 years
 𝑥𝑥(1 + 0,2)5
5
Book value = 𝑥𝑥(1 − 0,2)  0,32768𝑥𝑥
= 0,32768𝑥𝑥 (2)
4.2.2 Price of new tractor after 5 years
 𝑥𝑥(1 + 0,18)5
Book value = 𝑥𝑥(1 + 0,18)5  2,28776𝑥𝑥
= 2,28776𝑥𝑥 (2)
𝑥𝑥[(1+𝑖𝑖)𝑛𝑛 −1] 0,10
4.2.3 𝐹𝐹 =  𝑖𝑖 =
𝑖𝑖 12
0,10 60  𝑛𝑛 = 60
8000��1+ � −1�
12
= 0,10
12
 Subtitition in correct formula
= 𝑅𝑅 619 496, 58

 answer
(4)
4.2.4 Sinking fund = New tractor price – Scrap value
619 496, 58 = 𝑥𝑥(1 + 0,18)5 − 𝑥𝑥(1 − 0,2)5 619 496, 58
619 496, 58 = 𝑥𝑥 [(1,18)5 − (0,8)5 ] 𝑥𝑥(1 + 0,18)5 − 𝑥𝑥(1 − 0,2)5
619 496,58 common factor 𝑥𝑥
𝑥𝑥 = [(1,18)5 − (0,8)5 ]
𝑥𝑥 = 𝑅𝑅 316 057,15 𝑅𝑅 316 000
𝑥𝑥 = 𝑅𝑅 316 000 (4)
[16]
QUESTION 5

5.1 R 450 000  answer

(1)
5.2 𝐴𝐴 = 𝑃𝑃(1 − 𝑖𝑖)𝑛𝑛  Subtitition of 450 000 in correct
243 736,90 = 450 000(1 − 𝑖𝑖)4 formula
4 243 736,90
 Subtitition of (4 ; 243 736,90)
𝑖𝑖 = 1 − �  making 𝑖𝑖 the subject
450 000
= 0,1421
 answer
∴ Rate of depreciation is 14,21% 𝑝𝑝. 𝑎𝑎. (4)
5.3 At T:  𝑖𝑖 = 0,081 and 𝑛𝑛 = 4

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2020 MATHEMATICS GR 12 TERM 3 7 FINANCIAL MATHEMATICS SOLUTIONS

𝐴𝐴 = 𝑃𝑃(1 + 𝑖𝑖)𝑛𝑛  Subtitition in correct formula

𝑦𝑦 = 450 000(1 + 0,081)4
𝑎𝑎 = 𝑅𝑅 614 490,66  Answer
(3)
5.4 Future Value = 𝑅𝑅 614 490,66 − 𝑅𝑅243 736,90
= 𝑅𝑅 370 753,76  𝑅𝑅 370 753,76

𝑥𝑥[(1+𝑖𝑖)𝑛𝑛 −1]  Subtitition in correct formula

𝐹𝐹 =
𝑖𝑖
0,062 36 0,062
𝑥𝑥��1+
12
� −1�  𝑖𝑖 = 12
370 753,76 = 0,062
12  𝑛𝑛 = 36
𝑥𝑥 = 𝑅𝑅 9 397,12  Answer
(5)
[13]

QUESTION / QUESTION 6
102 000 850 000
6.1 Selling Price =
0,12
(1)
= 𝑅𝑅 850 000
6.2 𝑥𝑥[1−(1+𝑖𝑖)−𝑛𝑛 ]
𝑃𝑃 = 𝑖𝑖  𝑃𝑃 = 748 000
0,09 −240 0,09
𝑥𝑥�1−�1+ � �  𝑖𝑖 = 12
12
748 000 = 0,09
12  𝑛𝑛 = −240

𝑥𝑥 = 𝑅𝑅 6 729,95 per month  answer

(4)
6.3 Total interest paid  (6 729,95 × 240)
= (6 729,95 × 240) − 748 000  867 188
= 𝑅𝑅 867 188 (2)

6.4
𝑥𝑥[1−(1+𝑖𝑖)−𝑛𝑛 ]  6 729,95
Balance = 𝑖𝑖
0,09 −155
6 729,95�1−�1+
12
� �  𝑛𝑛 = −155
= 0,09
12
 𝑅𝑅 615 509,74
(3)
= 𝑅𝑅 615 509,74
[15]

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2020 MATHEMATICS GR 12 TERM 3 8 PROBABILITY SOLUTIONS

Probability
Section A:
1.
WATCHED TV WATCHED TV DURING
DURING EXAMS/ EXAMS/ TOTALS/
KYK TV GEDURENDE KYK NIE TV GEDURENDE DIE TOTALE
DIE EKSAMEN EKSAMEN NIE
Male/ Manlik 80 𝑎𝑎
Female/ Vroulik 48 12
Totals/ Totale 𝑏𝑏 32 160
1.1 𝑎𝑎 + 12 = 32
𝑎𝑎 = 20
𝑏𝑏 = 80+20=128
1.2 No
20
𝑛𝑛(M and not watching TV) = ≠0
160
20
𝑛𝑛(𝑀𝑀 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛) = ≠0
160
1.3.1 128 4
𝑃𝑃(watching /𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 TV ) = = = 0,8 = 80%
160 5
1.3.2 12 3
𝑃𝑃(female and not watching TV) = = = 0,0075 = 7.5%
160 40
12 3
𝑃𝑃(𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛) = = = 0,0075 = 7.5%
160 40

2.1(a) 70 7
𝑃𝑃(Female/𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉) = = = 0,47
150 15
2.1(b) 20
𝑃𝑃(Female playing tennis/𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉 𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠) = = 0,13
150
2.2 70
𝑃𝑃(Female/𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉) =
150
70
𝑃𝑃(Playing/𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 tennis) =
150
𝑃𝑃(Female playing tennis / 𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 ) = 0,13
70 70 4900
P(Female|𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉)×P(Playing|𝑆𝑆𝑝𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 tennis) = � � � � = = 0,22
150 150 22500
P(Female playing tennis|𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡)≠P(Female|𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉)×P(Playing|𝑆𝑆
Therefore the event of playing tennis is not independent of gender.
Dus is die gebeurtenis om tennis te speel nie onafhanklik van geslag nie

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2020 MATHEMATICS GR 12 TERM 3 9 PROBABILITY SOLUTIONS

3. 𝑃𝑃(𝐵𝐵) = 1 − 𝑃𝑃(𝐵𝐵′ )
= 1 − 0,28
= 0,72
𝑃𝑃(𝐴𝐴 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜|𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝐵𝐵) = 𝑃𝑃(𝐴𝐴) + 𝑃𝑃(𝐵𝐵) − 𝑃𝑃(𝐴𝐴 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎|𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 𝐵𝐵)
0,96 = 0,24 + 0,72 − 𝑃𝑃(𝐴𝐴 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎|𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 𝐵𝐵)
0,96 = 0,96 − 𝑃𝑃(𝐴𝐴 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎|𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 𝐵𝐵)
𝑃𝑃(𝐴𝐴 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎|𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 𝐵𝐵) = 0
Events A and B are mutually exclusive
Gebeurtenisse A en B is onderling uitsluitend

4. 𝑴𝑴𝑴𝑴𝑴𝑴𝑴𝑴/𝑴𝑴𝑴𝑴𝑴𝑴𝑴𝑴𝑴𝑴𝑴𝑴 𝑭𝑭𝑭𝑭𝑭𝑭𝑭𝑭𝑭𝑭𝑭𝑭/𝑽𝑽𝑽𝑽𝑽𝑽𝑽𝑽𝑽𝑽𝑽𝑽𝑽𝑽 𝑻𝑻𝑻𝑻𝑻𝑻𝑻𝑻𝑻𝑻/ 𝑻𝑻𝑻𝑻𝑻𝑻𝑻𝑻𝑻𝑻

𝑻𝑻𝑻𝑻𝑻𝑻/𝑻𝑻𝑻𝑻𝑻𝑻 20 40 60
𝑪𝑪𝑪𝑪𝑪𝑪𝑪𝑪𝑪𝑪𝑪𝑪/ 𝑲𝑲𝑲𝑲𝑲𝑲𝑲𝑲𝑲𝑲𝑲𝑲 𝑏𝑏 𝑐𝑐 80
𝑭𝑭𝑭𝑭𝑭𝑭𝑭𝑭𝑭𝑭 𝒋𝒋𝒋𝒋𝒋𝒋𝒋𝒋𝒋𝒋
𝑑𝑑 𝑒𝑒 20
/𝑽𝑽𝑽𝑽𝑽𝑽𝑽𝑽𝑽𝑽𝒆𝒆𝒆𝒆𝒆𝒆𝒆𝒆
60 100 𝑎𝑎
4.1 160
4.2 60
𝑃𝑃(𝑀𝑀) =
160
3
=
8
= 0,375
4.5 𝑃𝑃(𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚) × 𝑃𝑃(𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶) = 𝑃𝑃(𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶)
𝑃𝑃(𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚) × 𝑃𝑃(𝐾𝐾𝐾𝐾𝐾𝐾𝐾𝐾𝐾𝐾𝐾𝐾) = 𝑃𝑃(𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 𝐾𝐾𝐾𝐾𝐾𝐾𝐾𝐾𝐾𝐾𝐾𝐾)
3 80 𝑏𝑏
× =
8 160 160
3 𝑏𝑏
=
16 160
16𝑏𝑏 = 480
𝑏𝑏 = 30

5. 𝑃𝑃(𝐴𝐴) × 𝑃𝑃(𝐵𝐵)
= 0,2× 0,63
= 0,126
i.e. P(A) × P(B) = P(A and|en B)
Therefore A and B are independent/Dus is A en B onafhanklik

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2020 MATHEMATICS GR 12 TERM 3 10 PROBABILITY SOLUTIONS

6.1

6.2 (372 − 𝑥𝑥) + 𝑥𝑥 + (288 − 𝑥𝑥) + 56 = 600

716 − 𝑥𝑥 = 600
𝑥𝑥 = 116
6.3 No, they are not mutually exclusive.
There is an intersection between the two sets/
Nee, hul is nie onderling uitsluitend nie.
Daar is ‘n snyding tussen die twee stelle

7.1 𝑑𝑑 = 5
𝑒𝑒 = 4
𝑓𝑓 = 7
𝑔𝑔 = 5
7.2 4 2
𝑃𝑃(𝐴𝐴 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎|𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 𝐵𝐵 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎|𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 𝐶𝐶) = =
(a) 54 27
7.2 48 8
𝑃𝑃(𝐴𝐴 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜|𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝐵𝐵 𝑜𝑜𝑟𝑟|𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝐶𝐶) = =
(b) 54 9

7.2 7
𝑃𝑃(𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜|𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝐶𝐶 ) =
(c) 54

7.2 5 + 4 + 8 17
𝑃𝑃(𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑎𝑎 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚ℎ𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜) = =
(d) 54 54
𝑃𝑃(𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 ′𝑛𝑛 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔)

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2020 MATHEMATICS GR 12 TERM 3 11 PROBABILITY SOLUTIONS

𝑃𝑃(𝐴𝐴 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝐵𝐵) = 𝑃𝑃(𝐴𝐴) + 𝑃𝑃(𝐵𝐵)

0,57 = 𝑃𝑃(𝐴𝐴) + 2𝑃𝑃(𝐴𝐴)
0,57 = 3𝑃𝑃(𝐴𝐴)
𝑃𝑃(𝐴𝐴) = 0,19
∴ 𝑃𝑃(𝐵𝐵) = 2(0,19)
= 0,38

9.1

9.2 1 2 1
𝑃𝑃(𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴) = � � � � =
2 5 5
9.3 1 3 1 5
𝑃𝑃(𝑃𝑃) = � � � � + � � � �
2 5 2 9
3 5
= +
10 18
26
=
45

10.1 Let the event Veli arrive late for school be V.

Let the event Bongi arrive late for school be B. /
Laat V die gebeurtenis wees dat Veli Laat B die gebeurtenis wees dat Bongi laatkom
𝑃𝑃(𝑉𝑉 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜|𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝐵𝐵) = 1 − 0,7
= 0,3
10.2 𝑃𝑃(𝑉𝑉 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝐵𝐵) = 𝑃𝑃(𝑉𝑉) + 𝑃𝑃(𝐵𝐵) − 𝑃𝑃(𝑉𝑉 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎|𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 𝐵𝐵)
0,3 = 0,25 + 𝑃𝑃(𝐵𝐵) − 0,15
𝑃𝑃(𝐵𝐵) = 0,2
10.3 𝑃𝑃(𝑉𝑉) × 𝑃𝑃(𝐵𝐵) = 0,25 × 0,2
= 0,05
𝑃𝑃(𝑉𝑉) × 𝑃𝑃(𝐵𝐵) ≠ 𝑃𝑃(𝑉𝑉 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎|𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 𝐵𝐵)
V and B are NOT independent| V en B is nie onafhanklik nie

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2020 MATHEMATICS GR 12 TERM 3 12 PROBABILITY SOLUTIONS

Section B:
1.1 2 × 2! × 7! = 20 160
1.2 All seated/Almal sit: 9! = 362 880 ways
Girls/Dogters: 4!
4! × 6! = 17 280 ways

2.1 77 = 823 543

2.2 7! = 5040
2.3 There are 3 vowels ⇒ 3 options for first position
There are 4 consonants ⇒ 4 options for last position
The remaining 5 letters can be arranged in 5× 4×3× 2×1 ways
3 × (5 × 4 × 3 × 2 × 1) × 4 = 1440
Daar is 3 klinkers ⇒ 3 opsies vir die eerste posisie
Daar is 4 konsonante ⇒ 4 opsies vir die laaste posisie
Die oorblywende 5 letters kan as volg gerangskik word
5× 4×3× 2×1 ways/maniere
3 × (5 × 4 × 3 × 2 × 1) × 4 = 1440

3.1 5! = 120
3.2 1 × 2! × 3! = 12
3.3 5! × 6! × 2 1
=
11 231

Case/Geval 1:
2
6 ___ ___ 4
1 5 4 2 Number of ways/ Aantal maniere

Number of codes starting with 6/ Aantal kodes wat met 6 begin.

= 1 × 5 × 4 × 2= 40

Case/ Geval 2: The first digit is a 5 or a 7./ Die eerste syfer is ’n 5 of ’n 7.

Number of codes not starting with 6/ Aantal kodes wat nie met 6 begin nie.
= 2 × 5 × 4 × 3 = 120

5.1 5! = 120
5.2 S and T can be arranged in 2! different ways.
The remaining three letters can be arranged in 3! different ways
∴Total number of different letter arrangements having S and T as the
first two letters = 2!.3!
S en T kan op 2! verskillende maniere rangskik word.
Die 3 letters wat oorbly kan op 3! verskillende maniere rangskik
word
∴ Totale aantal letterrangskikkings waarin S en T die eerste twee
letters van die rangskikking sal wees = 2!.3!
2! × 3! 1
𝑃𝑃(S and T as first two letters|𝑆𝑆 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 𝑇𝑇 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙) = =
120 10

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2020 MATHEMATICS GR 12 TERM 3 13 PROBABILITY SOLUTIONS

6.

6.1 6! = 720
6.2 Number of arrangements/ Aantal rangskikkings
= 3! × 3! × 2
= 72
6.3 3! × 4! 144
𝑃𝑃(Hearts next to each other|𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚) = =
6! 720
1
= = 20%
5

7.1 9! = 362 880

7.2 4! × 3! × 2! × 3!
= 1 728
7.3 From the left to right and from right to left/ Vanaf links na regs en regs no links
There are 2 ways./ Daar is 2 maniere.

8.1 99 = 387 420 489

8.2 If all the vowels are together/ As al die vokale saam is:
6! × 4!
If the vowels are NOT all together/ As die vokale nie almal saam is nie:
9! − (6! − 4!)
= 345 600
8.3 Vowels in odd spaces/ Vokale on onewe spasies
=4×5×3×4×2×3×1×2
= (4 × 3 × 3 × 1) × (5 × 4 × 3 × 2)
= 4! × 120
= 2880
Probability/Waarskynlikheid:
2 880 2880 1
= = =
9! 362880 126

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2020 MATHEMATICS GR 12 TERM 3 14 STATISTICS SOLUTIONS

Statistics
Section A:
MEMORANDUM - STATISTICS

Question 1 DBE May/ June 2019 (Question 1)

1.1 45 children answer
(1)
692
1.2 𝑥𝑥�= 45 or 𝑥𝑥�= 15,38 mins 𝑥𝑥� = 692 / 45
= 15.38 min
Answer
(2)

1.3 Time taken (t) Number of Cumulative first 4 cum freq

(in minutes) children Frequency correct
2<t≤6 2 2
6 < t ≤ 10 12 last 3 cum freq
10
correct
10 < t ≤ 14 9 21
14 < t ≤ 18 7 28
18 < t ≤ 22 8 36 (2)
22 < t ≤ 26 7 43
26 < t ≤ 30 2 45
1.4 plotting cum
freq at upper
limits correctly
(all points)

shape (smooth)

grounding (2;0)

(3)

1.5 On graph at the y-value of 22,5 or 23 Graph

Median = ± 15 minutes. Answer
(2)
[10]

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2020 MATHEMATICS GR 12 TERM 3 15 STATISTICS SOLUTIONS

Question 2 DBE May/June 2019 (Question 2)

2.1 a = 12,44 value of a
b = 0,98 value of b
y = 12,44 + 0,98x equation (3)
2.2.1 15 Answer (1)
Percentage 50 x 100 = 30%
2.2.2 𝑦𝑦� = 12,44 + 0,98x substitution of 30
𝑦𝑦� = 12,4 4 + 0,98(30) answer as integer
𝑦𝑦�= 41,84
= 42 (2)
or value of y
𝑦𝑦� = 41,87 (if using calculator) answer as integer
𝑦𝑦� = 42 (2)
2.3.1 standard deviation =13,88 Answer (2)
2.3.2 x =50,67 - 45,67 50,67 − 45,67
= 5% 5% of the marks on
the question paper
Answer (2)
Question 3 DBE Nov 2019 (Question 1)
3.1 a = −1946,875... = −1946,88 a = 1946,88
b = 0,41 b = 0,41
𝑦𝑦� = −1946,88 + 0,41x equation (3)
3.2 Monthly repayment ≈ R3 727,16 (calculator) answer
Maandelikse paaiement ≈ R3 727,16 (sakrekenaar)
(2)
Or / Of substitution
𝑦𝑦� = −1946,88+ 0,41(14000) answer
≈ R3 793,12 (2)
3.3 r = 0,946 …. ≈ 0,95 answer (1)
3.4 Not to spend R9 000 per month because the point answer
(18 000 ; 9 000) lies very far from the least squares regression line.
OR D
Spandeer nie R9 000 per maand nie, want die punt
(18 000 ;9 000) lê baie ver van die kleinste-kwadrate regressielyn. OF D (2)
Question 4 DBE Nov 2019 (Question 2)
4.1 Number people paid R200 or less = 19 answer
Aantal mense wat R200 of minder betaal het = 19 (2)
4.2 7 +12 + a + 35+ b + 6 =100
a = 40 −b ∑ 𝑥𝑥 =100
(50×7)+(150×12)+(250×𝑎𝑎)+(350×35)+(450×𝑏𝑏)+(550×6)
309 =
100 𝑎𝑎 = 40 − 𝑏𝑏
(50×7)+(150×12)+(250×(40−𝑏𝑏))+(350×35)+(450×𝑏𝑏)+(550×6)
∑ 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓
309 =
100
𝑓𝑓𝑋𝑋
∑ = 309
𝑛𝑛
350 + 1800 + 10000 – 250b + 12250 + 450b +3300 = 30900
200b = 3200
200b = 3200 (5)
b = 16
a = 24

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2020 MATHEMATICS GR 12 TERM 3 16 STATISTICS SOLUTIONS

or / of
7 +12 + a + 35+ b + 6 =100
b = 40 − a
(50×7)+(150×12)+(250×𝑎𝑎)+(350×35)+(450×𝑏𝑏)+(550×6) ∑ 𝑥𝑥 =100
309 =
100

(50×7)+(150×12)+(250×𝑎𝑎)+(350×35)+(450×(40−𝑎𝑎))+(550×6)
𝑏𝑏 = 40 − 𝑎𝑎
309 = ∑ 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓
100

𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓
350 + 1800 + 250a + 12250 + 1800 – 450a = 30900 ∑ = 309
𝑛𝑛
200a = 4 800
a = 24 200a = 4 800
b = 16
(5)
4.3 Modal class / modale klas: 300 < x ≤ 400 answer (1)
4.4 grounded at
(0 ; 0)

(600 ; 100)

cumulative
frequencies for
y-coordinates

smooth shape

(4)

4.5 Number of people/Aantal mense = 100 – 82. 82

18 people paid more than R420 per month/. Answer
18 mense betaal meer as R420 per maand (2)
[14]
Question 5 DBE Nov 2018 (Question 1)
5.1 140 items Answer (1)
5.2 Modal class / modale klas: 20 < x ≤ 30minutes answer
OR/OF
20 ≤ x < 30 minutes answer (1)
5.3 Number of minutes taken = 20 minutes Answer (1)
5.4 140 – 126 [Accept: 124 to 128] 126
14 orders (12 to 16) Answer (2)
5.5 75th percentile is at 105 items 105
=37 minutes [accept 36 – 38 minutes] Answer (2)
5.6 Lower quartile is at 35 items =21,5 min [accept 21 – 23 min] Lower Quartile
IQR = 37 – 21,5 (Q1)
= 15,5 min [accept 13 – 17 min] answer (2)
Question 6 DBE Nov 2018(Question 2)
1420
6.1 a 𝑥𝑥̅ = 1420
15
Answer (2)
= R94,666.. = R94,67
6.1 b σ = R22,691... = R22,69 Answer (2)

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2020 MATHEMATICS GR 12 TERM 3 17 STATISTICS SOLUTIONS

6.2 a They both collected the same (equal) amount in tips, i.e. R1 420 answer
over the 15-day period.

Hulle albei het dieselfde bedrag met fooitjies ontvang, nl. R1 420
oor die 15 dae-tydperk (1)
6.2 b Mary's standard deviation is smaller than Reggie's which suggests explanation
that there was greater variation in the amount of tips that Reggie
collected each day compared to the number of tips that Mary
collected each day.

Marie se standaardafwyking is kleiner as Reggie s'n wat beteken veduideliking

dat daar groter variasie/verspreiding in die fooitjies was wat Reggie
elke dag ontvang het in vergelyking met die getal fooitjies wat
Marie elke dag ontvang het. (1)
Question 7 DBE May / June 2018 (Question 1)
7.1.1 2283 sum/som.
Mean/Gemiddelde = 12 =190,25
answer.
Mean profit / Gemiddelde wins = R190 250,00 or
answer in
190,25 thousand rands
thousands of rands
(3)
7.1.2 169+171 answer
Median = 2 = 170 thousand rands
(1)
= R170 000
7.2 Whiskers.
Quartiles

(2)

7.3 IQR = 𝑄𝑄3 − 𝑄𝑄1 answer

= 210 – 160 thousand rands (1)
= R50 000
7.4 Skewed to the right or positively skewed. answer (1)
7.5.1 σ = 67,04118759 thousand rands = R67 041,19 answer (1)
7.5.2 x −σ = 123,21 thousand rands For 2 months the profit was less than Lower limit
one standard deviation below the mean. answer (2)
Question 8 DBE May / June 2018 ( Question 2)
8.1 3 marks:
All points correct

2 marks:
6 – 9 points
Correct

1 mark:
3 – 5 points
correct

(3)
8.2 The points lie almost in a straight line. This suggests a very strong justify with
positive relationship between the number of chirps per minute and straight line /
the temperature of the air. Motivering
mbv
reguitlyn
(1)

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2020 MATHEMATICS GR 12 TERM 3 18 STATISTICS SOLUTIONS

Die punte lê amper in 'n reguitlyn, wat beteken dat daar 'n baie
sterk positiewe verband tussen die aantal tjirpgeluide per minuut en
die lugtemperatuur is. link with /
Of / Or gebruik
r = 0,99 so there is a very strong positive relationship between the r = 0,99
number of chirps per minute and the temperature of the air. r = 0,99, om te motiveer
dus is daar 'n baie sterk positiewe verband tussen die aantal (1)
kriekgeluide per minuut en die lugtemperatuur.
8.3 a = 3,97 a = 3,97
b = 0,15 b = 0,15
𝑦𝑦� = 3,97 + 0,15x equation (3)
8.4 Air temperature ≈ 15,67°C (calculator) Answer (2)
substitution
Or / Of answer
yˆ ≈ 3,97 + 0,15(80) ≈ 15,97°C (2)

Or/ Of answer
Air temperature ≈ 16°C (graph: Accept between 15°C and 17°C) (2)
Question 9 DBE Feb/ March 2018 ( Question 1)
800
9.1.1 𝑥𝑥̅ = 10 = 80 800 (add of units)
answer (2)
9.1.2 𝜎𝜎 = 18,83 answer (2)
9.1.3 (61.17 ; 98.83) Mean – I SD
Days 1, 2, 8, 9 and 10 lie outside 1 standard deviation Mean + 1 SD
from the mean
∴ 5 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 Answer. (3)
9.2.1 Skewed to the left or negatively skewed answer
Skeef na links of negatief skeef (1)
9.2.2 A = 65 answer
B = 99 answer (2)
9.3 New total = 95 x 10 = 950 answer
∴ Units not counted 950 − 800 = 150 (CA 1.1.1)
(1)
Question 10 DBE Feb/ March 2018 (Question 2)
10.1 Outlier / Uitskieter (100; 100) answer
(1)
10.2 a = 94,50273… value of a
b = 2,913729… value of b
𝑦𝑦� = 94,50 + 2,91x equation
(3)
10.3 𝑦𝑦� =2,91(240) + 94,50 (CA from 2.1) substitution
= 792,90 answer in
Value = R793 000 thousands
of Rands
Or/ Of (2)
answer in
𝑦𝑦� = 793,7978142 (calculator) thousands
Value = R794 000 of Rands
(2)
10.4 b = 2,913729… value of b
∴ R2 914 answer
Or / Of (2)
R2 910 (calculator)
[8]

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2020 MATHEMATICS GR 12 TERM 3 19 TRIGONOMETRY SOLUTIONS

Trigonometry
Section A:
QUESTION 1
(GR12 NSC NOV 2019)
1.1 1.1.1 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠
+ sin(180° + 𝑥𝑥) cos (90° − 𝑥𝑥)
𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐. 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡
𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠
= + (−𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠). 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠
𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠
𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐. 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
= 1 − 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠²𝑥𝑥
= 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐²𝑥𝑥
1.1.2 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑛𝑛2 35°−𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑠𝑠2 35°
4𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠10°𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐10°
−(𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑠𝑠2 𝑥𝑥−𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑛𝑛2 𝑥𝑥)
=
2(2𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠10°.𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐10°)
−𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐70°
=
2𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠20°
−𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐70° −𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠20° 1
= 2𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐70° 𝐎𝐎𝐎𝐎 2𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠20° = −2

(GR12 NSC NOV 2017)

1.2 sin(A−360°).cos (90°+A)
cos(90°−A).tan (−A)
𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠(−𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠)
=
𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠.(−𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡)
𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠
= 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠
𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
= 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
(GR12 NSC NOV 2017)
1.3 Prove:
1.3.1 LK= Sin(A+B)−sin(A−B)
= sinA. cosB + cosA. sinB − (sinA. cosB − cosA. sinB)
= sinA. cosB + cosA. sinB − sinA. cosB + cosA. sinB
= 2cosA. sinB
=RK

1.3.2 sin17° − sin 43°

= sin(60° + 17°) − sin(60° − 17°)
= 2 cos60°. sin17°
1
= 2 × × sin17°
2
= sin17°

(GR12 NSC March 2018)

1.4 sin (180°−𝑥𝑥). cos (−𝑥𝑥) + cos (90°+𝑥𝑥). cos (𝑥𝑥 −180°)
= sin𝑥𝑥. cos𝑥𝑥 + (−sin𝑥𝑥). (−cos𝑥𝑥)
= 2sinx. cosx
= sin2𝑥𝑥

1.5 sin3𝑥𝑥. cosy+cos3𝑥𝑥. sin𝑦𝑦

= sin(3𝑥𝑥 + 𝑦𝑦)
= sin 270°
= −1

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2020 MATHEMATICS GR 12 TERM 3 20 TRIGONOMETRY SOLUTIONS

QUESTION 2
(GR12 NSC NOV 2018)
2.1 2.1.1 2
𝑘𝑘 2 = �√5 � − 1²
=4
𝑘𝑘 = −2
2.1.2 a) tan 𝜃𝜃
1
=−
2
b) cos (180° + 𝜃𝜃)
= −cos𝜃𝜃
2
=
√5
c) sin (𝜃𝜃 + 60°)
LK = sin𝜃𝜃cos60° + cos𝜃𝜃sin60°
1 1 2 √3
= � � � � + �− � � �
√5 2 √5 2
1 − 2√3
=
2√5
1 − 2√3
=
√20

(GR12 NSC NOV 2017)

2.2 2.2.1 𝑡𝑡 2 = �√34�2 − (3)²
𝑡𝑡 2 = 34 − 9
𝑡𝑡 2 = 25
∴ 𝑡𝑡 = −5

2.2.2 5
tan 𝛽𝛽 = − 3
2.2.3 Cos 2𝛽𝛽
= 2cos2 𝛽𝛽 − 1
3 2
= 2� � −1
√34
9
= 2� �− 1
34
16 8
=− =−
34 17

(GR12 NSC March 2018)

2.3 2.3.1 5 2 25 11
sin2 2𝜃𝜃 = 1 − cos2 2𝜃𝜃 = 1 − �− 6� = 1 − 36 = 36
√11
∴ sin2𝜃𝜃 =
6
2.3.2 cos2𝜃𝜃 = 1 − 2sin2 𝜃𝜃
2sin2 𝜃𝜃 = 1 − cos2𝜃𝜃
5
1 − �− 6�
2
sin 𝜃𝜃 =
2
11 1
= ×
6 2
11
=
12

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2020 MATHEMATICS GR 12 TERM 3 21 TRIGONOMETRY SOLUTIONS

QUESTION 3
(GR 12 NSC November 2019)
3.1 3.1.1 Range of 𝑓𝑓: 𝑦𝑦 ∈ [−2; 0] 𝐎𝐎𝐎𝐎 − 2 ≤ 𝑦𝑦 ≤ 0

3.1.2 𝑥𝑥 ∈ (90°; 270°) 𝐎𝐎𝐎𝐎 𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥[90°; 270°]

(GR 12 NSC November 2017)

3.2 3.2.1

3.2.2 cos2𝑥𝑥 = 2sin𝑥𝑥 − 1

1 − 2sin2 𝑥𝑥 = 2sin𝑥𝑥 − 1
2sin2 𝑥𝑥 + 2sinx − 2 = 0

−𝑏𝑏 ± √𝑏𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑎𝑐𝑐

sin𝑥𝑥 =
2𝑎𝑎
−1 ± �12 − 4(1)(−1)
=
2(1)
−1 + √5 −1 − √5
sin𝑥𝑥 = , since sin𝑥𝑥 = < −1 ∴ . no solution
2 2

3.2.3 −1 + √5
sin𝑥𝑥 = = 0,618 ….
2
Reference ∠ = 38,17°

∴ 𝑥𝑥 = 38,17° OR − 218,17°
𝑦𝑦 = 0,24
Points of intersection: (38,17° ; 0,24) and (−218,17° ; 0,24)

QUESTION 4
4.1 4.1.1 sin2𝑥𝑥 + cos𝑥𝑥 = 0
2sin𝑥𝑥cos𝑥𝑥 + cos𝑥𝑥 = 0
cos𝑥𝑥(2𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 + 1) = 0
cos𝑥𝑥 = 0 or sin𝑥𝑥 = −½
1st 4th 3rd 4th
𝑥𝑥 = 90° + 360𝑛𝑛 or 𝑥𝑥 = 270° + 360𝑛𝑛 𝑥𝑥 = 210° + 360𝑛𝑛 or 𝑥𝑥 = 330° + 360𝑛𝑛 ; 𝑛𝑛 ∈ 𝑍𝑍
4.1.2 cos2𝑥𝑥 − 5cos𝑥𝑥 − 2 = 0
2cos²𝑥𝑥 − 5cos𝑥𝑥 − 3 = 0
(2cos𝑥𝑥 + 1)(cos𝑥𝑥 − 3) = 0
cos𝑥𝑥 = −½ or cos𝑥𝑥 ≠ 3

2nd 3rd
𝑥𝑥 = 120° + 360𝑛𝑛 or 𝑥𝑥 = 240° + 360𝑛𝑛 ; 𝑛𝑛 ∈ 𝑍𝑍

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2020 MATHEMATICS GR 12 TERM 3 22 TRIGONOMETRY SOLUTIONS

(GR12 NSC March 2018)

4.2 4.2.1 2cos𝑥𝑥 = 3tanx
3sin𝑥𝑥
2cos𝑥𝑥 =
cos𝑥𝑥
2cos2 𝑥𝑥 = 3sin𝑥𝑥
2(1 − sin2 𝑥𝑥) = 3sin𝑥𝑥
2 − 2sin2 𝑥𝑥 = 3sin𝑥𝑥
2sin2 𝑥𝑥 + 3sin𝑥𝑥 − 2 = 0

4.2.2 2sin2 𝑥𝑥 + 3sin𝑥𝑥 − 2 = 0

(2sin𝑥𝑥 − 1)(sin𝑥𝑥 + 2) = 0
1
sin𝑥𝑥 = or sin𝑥𝑥 = −2 (geen oplossing)
2
𝑥𝑥 = 30° + 𝑘𝑘. 360° or 𝑥𝑥 = 150° + 𝑘𝑘. 360° ; 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘

QUESTION 5
(NSC March 2017)
5.1 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶
sin27° =
8,6
CD= 8,6 sin27°
CD = 3,90 m

5.2 10
cos40° =
AE
10
𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = cos40°
AE = 13,05 m

5.3 �C
AC 2 = CE 2 + AE 2 − 2CE. AE cosAE
2 2
= (8,6) + (13,05) − 2(8,6)(13,05)(cos70°)
= 167,49
AC = 12,94 m

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2020 MATHEMATICS GR 12 TERM 3 23 TRIGONOMETRY SOLUTIONS

Section B:
QUESTION 1
(GR12 NSC March 2016)

1.1 1.1.1 4sin𝑥𝑥cos𝑥𝑥

2sin2 𝑥𝑥 − 1

2(2sin𝑥𝑥. cos𝑥𝑥)
=
−(1 − 2sin2 𝑥𝑥)

2 sin2𝑥𝑥
=
−cos2𝑥𝑥

= −2tan2𝑥𝑥

1.1.2 4sin15°cos15°
2sin2 15° − 1
2(2sin15°cos15°)
=
2sin2 15° − 1
2 sin2(15°)
=
cos2(15°)

= −2tan2(15°)
= −2tan30°
1
= −2 � �
√3
2 2√3
=− or −
√3 3

(GR12 NSC NOV 2018)

1.2 cos𝑥𝑥 + sin𝑥𝑥 cos𝑥𝑥 − sin𝑥𝑥
LHS = −
cos𝑥𝑥 − sin𝑥𝑥 cos𝑥𝑥 + sin𝑥𝑥

(cos𝑥𝑥 + sin𝑥𝑥)2 − (cos𝑥𝑥 − sin𝑥𝑥)²

=
(cos𝑥𝑥 − sin𝑥𝑥)(cos𝑥𝑥 + sin𝑥𝑥)

cos2 𝑥𝑥 + 2sin𝑥𝑥cos𝑥𝑥 + sin2 𝑥𝑥 − cos 2 𝑥𝑥 + 2sin𝑥𝑥cos𝑥𝑥 − sin²𝑥𝑥

=
cos2 𝑥𝑥 − sin²𝑥𝑥
2(2sin𝑥𝑥cos𝑥𝑥)
=
cos2𝑥𝑥
2sin2𝑥𝑥
=
cos2𝑥𝑥

= 2tan2𝑥𝑥
= RHS

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2020 MATHEMATICS GR 12 TERM 3 24 TRIGONOMETRY SOLUTIONS

QUESTION 2
(GR12 NSC March 2016)
2.1 2.1.1 3
tan 𝜃𝜃 = −
√7
2.1.2 2
OP²= �−√7� + 32
OP² = 16
OP= 4

sin (−𝜃𝜃)
= −sin𝜃𝜃
3
=−
4
𝑎𝑎
2.1.3
6
= cos2𝜃𝜃
𝑎𝑎 = 6(1 − 2sin2 𝜃𝜃)
3 2
= 6 − 12 � �
4
24 27
= −
4 4
3
=−
4

(GR12 NSC NOV 2019)

2.2 Given: cos 26° = 𝑚𝑚
2sin2 77 OR 1 − 2sin2 77° = cos154°
= 2cos2 13° 2sin2 77° = 1 − cos154°
= 2cos2 13 − 1 + 1 = 1 − (−cos26°)
= cos26° + 1 = 1 + 𝑚𝑚
= 𝑚𝑚 + 1

(GR12 NSC NOV 2015)

2.3 2.3.1 sin 203°
= −𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠23°
= −√𝑘𝑘
2.3.2 2
𝑥𝑥 2 + �√𝑘𝑘� = 1
𝑥𝑥 2 = 1 − 𝑘𝑘
𝑥𝑥 = √1 − 𝑘𝑘
√1−𝑘𝑘
cos23° = 1
= √1 − 𝑘𝑘

OR
cos2 23° = 1 − 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑛𝑛2 23°
= 1 − 𝑘𝑘
𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐23° = √1 − 𝑘𝑘

2.3.3 tan (−23°) OR tan (−23°) =

= −tan23° −tan23°
sin23° √𝑘𝑘
=− =−
cos23° √1 − 𝑘𝑘
√𝑘𝑘 𝑘𝑘
=− = −�
√1 − 𝑘𝑘 1 − 𝑘𝑘
𝑘𝑘
= −�
1 − 𝑘𝑘

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2020 MATHEMATICS GR 12 TERM 3 25 TRIGONOMETRY SOLUTIONS

QUESTION 3
(GR 12 NSC November 2019)
3.1 PQ = cos2𝑥𝑥 − (sin𝑥𝑥 − 1)
= 1 − 2sin2 𝑥𝑥 − sin𝑥𝑥 + 1
= −2sin2 𝑥𝑥 − sin𝑥𝑥 + 2

𝑏𝑏
sin𝑥𝑥 = −
2𝑎𝑎
−(−1)
=
2(−2)
1
sin𝑥𝑥 = − 4
∴ 𝑥𝑥 = 194,48° or 𝑥𝑥 = 345,52°

(GR 12 NSC March 2018)

3.2 3.2.1 𝑔𝑔(𝑥𝑥) = −4cos (𝑥𝑥 + 30°)
Maximum Value = 4
3.2.2 Range of 𝑔𝑔(𝑥𝑥): −4 ≤ 𝑦𝑦 ≤ 4 𝐎𝐎𝐎𝐎 𝑦𝑦 ∈ [−4; 4]

Range of 𝑔𝑔(𝑥𝑥) + 1: − 3 ≤ 𝑦𝑦 ≤ 5 𝐎𝐎𝐎𝐎 𝑦𝑦 ∈ [−3; 5]

3.2.3 𝑔𝑔(𝑥𝑥) = −4cos (𝑥𝑥 + 30°)

Shifted 60° to the left

𝑦𝑦 = −4cos (𝑥𝑥 + 30° + 60°)
𝑦𝑦 = −4 cos(𝑥𝑥 + 90°)
𝑦𝑦 = 4𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠

Reflected about the 𝑥𝑥 −axis

𝑦𝑦 = −4sin𝑥𝑥
ℎ(𝑥𝑥) = −4sin𝑥𝑥

(GR12 NSC NOV 2018)

3.3.1 3
𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) = −2 tan 𝑥𝑥
2
Period of 𝑓𝑓 = 120°
3.3.2 3
2 = −2tan 𝑥𝑥
2
3
tan � 𝑡𝑡� = −1
2
3 3
𝑡𝑡 = 135° + 𝑘𝑘. 360° 𝐎𝐎𝐎𝐎 𝑡𝑡 = −45° + 𝑘𝑘. 180°
2 2
𝑡𝑡 = 90° + 𝑘𝑘. 120° ; 𝑘𝑘 ∈ 𝑍𝑍 𝑡𝑡 = −30° + 𝑘𝑘120° ; 𝑘𝑘 ∈ 𝑍𝑍
3.3.3

3.3.4 𝑥𝑥 ∈ (−60° ; −30°] 0𝑟𝑟 (60° ; 90°] OR −60° < 𝑥𝑥 ≤ −30° 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 60° < 𝑥𝑥 ≤ 90°
3
3.3.5 𝑔𝑔(𝑥𝑥) = −2tan 2(𝑥𝑥 + 40°) = 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥 + 40°) ∴. Translation of 40° to the left.

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2020 MATHEMATICS GR 12 TERM 3 26 TRIGONOMETRY SOLUTIONS

(GR12 NSC March 2017)

3.4
3.4.1 𝑎𝑎 = −1 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑏𝑏 = 2

3.4.2 𝑓𝑓(3𝑥𝑥) = −sin3𝑥𝑥

360°
Period of 𝑓𝑓(3𝑥𝑥) = 3
= 120°

3.4.3 𝑥𝑥 ∈ [90° ; 135°) ∪ {180°} 𝐎𝐎𝐎𝐎 90°≤ 𝑥𝑥 ≤ 135° ≤ or 𝑥𝑥 = 180°

QUESTION 4
(GR12 NSC DBE 2018)
4.1 sin(2𝑥𝑥 + 40°) cos(𝑥𝑥 + 30°) − cos(2𝑥𝑥 + 40°) sin(𝑥𝑥 + 30°) = cos (2𝑥𝑥 − 20°)
∴ cos(2𝑥𝑥 − 20°) = sin (𝑥𝑥 + 10°)
cos(2𝑥𝑥 − 20°) = cos[90° − (𝑥𝑥 + 10°)]
2𝑥𝑥 − 20° = 80° − 𝑥𝑥 + 𝑘𝑘. 360° 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 2𝑥𝑥 − 20° = 360° − (80° − 𝑥𝑥) + 𝑘𝑘. 360°
3𝑥𝑥 = 100° + 𝑘𝑘. 360° 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 2𝑥𝑥 − 20° = 280° + 𝑥𝑥 + 𝑘𝑘. 360°
𝑥𝑥 = 33,33° + 𝑘𝑘. 360° 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑥𝑥 = 300° + 𝑘𝑘. 360° ; 𝑘𝑘 ∈ 𝑍𝑍

(GR12 DBE 2019)

4.2 cos(𝑥𝑥 − 30°) = 2sinx
cos𝑥𝑥cos30° + sin𝑥𝑥sin30° = 2sinx
√3 1
cos𝑥𝑥 + sin𝑥𝑥 = 2sin𝑥𝑥
2 2
√3 3
cos𝑥𝑥 = sin𝑥𝑥
2 2
√3
tan𝑥𝑥 =
3
𝑥𝑥 = 30° + 𝑘𝑘. 180° ; 𝑘𝑘 ∈ 𝑍𝑍

(GR12 NSC Nov 2018)

4.3 4.3.1 sin(𝑥𝑥 + 25°) 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐15° − cos(𝑥𝑥 + 25°) sin15° = tan165°
sin(𝑥𝑥 + 25° − 15°) = −0,2679 … …
sin(𝑥𝑥 + 10°) = −0,2679

𝑥𝑥 + 10° = 195,54° + 𝑘𝑘. 360° 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑥𝑥 + 10° = 344,46° + 𝑘𝑘. 360°

𝑥𝑥 = 185,54 + 𝑘𝑘. 360° ; 𝑘𝑘 ∈ 𝑍𝑍 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑥𝑥 = 334,46° + 𝑘𝑘. 360° ; 𝑘𝑘 ∈ 𝑍𝑍

4.3.2 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) = sin (𝑥𝑥 + 10°)

For minimum value of sin𝑥𝑥: 𝑥𝑥 = 270°
For minimum value of sin(𝑥𝑥 + 10°) : 𝑥𝑥 = 260°

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2020 MATHEMATICS GR 12 TERM 3 27 TRIGONOMETRY SOLUTIONS

QUESTION 5

(GR12 NSC NOV 2019)

5.1

5.1.1 AK
sin60° =
𝑥𝑥
√3
AK= 𝑥𝑥sin60° or 𝑥𝑥 or 0,866𝑥𝑥
2

5.1.2 KC� F=120°

5.1.3 KF²=CF²+CK²−2CF.CKcosKC� F � 𝐹𝐹 = 𝑦𝑦
𝐴𝐴𝐾𝐾
𝑥𝑥 2 𝑥𝑥
= 𝑥𝑥 2 + � � − 2𝑥𝑥 � � cos120°
2 2 1
2 Area ∆AKF = AK. KF. sinAK �F
𝑥𝑥 1 2
= 𝑥𝑥 2 + − 𝑥𝑥² �− �
4 2 1 √3𝑥𝑥 √7𝑥𝑥
7𝑥𝑥² = . . . sin𝑦𝑦
2 2 2
=
4 𝑥𝑥²√21sin𝑦𝑦
=
8
√7𝑥𝑥
KF =
2

(GR12 NSC NOV 2018)

5.2.1 AB�D = 30° OR � D = 60°

BA
ℎ ℎ
sin30° = cos60° =
𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴
ℎ ℎ
AB = AB =
sin30° cos60°
ℎ ℎ
AB = AB =
1 1
2 2
AB = 2ℎ AB = 2ℎ

5.2.2 BC²= AB²+AC²−2AB.AC cos BA �C

2 2
= (2ℎ) + (3ℎ) − 2(2ℎ)(3ℎ)cos2𝑥𝑥
= 13ℎ2 − 12ℎ2 (2cos2 𝑥𝑥 − 1)
= 13ℎ2 − 24ℎ2 cos2 𝑥𝑥 + 12ℎ2
= 25ℎ2 − 24cos²𝑥𝑥
BC= ℎ �25 − 24cos²𝑥𝑥

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