Gujarat Technological University

Chandkheda, Ahmadabad

A report of
ADVANCED FOOTSTEPS POWER GENERATION
SYSTEM USING RFID FOR CHARGING
Under Subject of
DESIGN
ENGINEERING

B.E. Semester: 5th

Electrical engineering department

Faculty Guide Head of Department Academic Year

 Submitted by: Group

SR.NO NAME OF STUDENTS ENROLMENT.NO.

1 RATHVA ANKITKUMAR ISHWARBHAI 210650109527

2 RATHVA SURESHBHAI TULSIBHAI 210650109530

3 PATEL NAITIKKUMAR JAYESHBHAI 210650109528

4 BHABHOR NILESHBHAI JOTIBHAI 210650109529

5 TABHIYAT AJAYKUMAR RAMANBHAI 210650109531

6 BHOYA AJAYBHAI PARSHUBHAI 210650109537

7 CHAURYA HEMANTKUMAR PANDUBHAI 210650109557

8 SATHVARA KEVAL KANAIYALAL 210650109562

9 SOLANKI SMIT GAUTAMBHAI 210650109563

10 SUBHAM CHOUDHARY 210650109564

11 SAHIL GOSWAMI 210650109568

 INDEX

Sr. No. Content Page No.

1. ABSTRACT 4
2. INTRODUCTION 5
3. HARDWARE IMPLEMENTATION 6
4. WORKING PRINCIPLE 7
5. BLOCK DIAGRAM 8
6. COMPONENT DETAIL 9
7. ADVANTAGE AND DISADVANTAGE 15
8. FUTURE SCOPE 16
9. AEIOU SUMMARY SHEET 17
10. IDEATION CANVAS 20
11. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT CANVAS 22
12. EMPATHY MAPING CANVAS 26
13. LARNING NEEDS MATRIX 27
14. FLOWCHART 28
15. MIND MAPPING CANVAS 29
16. PROTOTYPE MODEL 30
12. CONCLUSION 31
 LIST OF FIGURES

SR.NO. DISCRIPTION PAGE NO

Fig.1 HARDWARE IMPLIMENTATION 7
Fig.2 BLOCK DIAGRAM 9
Fig.3 PIEZOELECTRIC SENSOR 11
Fig.4 BATTERY 12
Fig.5 RFID 13
Fig.6 ARDUINO UNO 14
Fig.7 DISPLAY 15
Fig.8 AEIOU SUMMARY SHEET 18
Fig.9 EMPATHY MAPPING CANVAS 27
Fig.10 LEARNING NEEDS MARTIX 28
FIG.12 FLOW CHART 29
Fig.13 MIND MAPPING CANVAS 30
Fig.14 PROTOTYPE MODEL 31
 ABSTRACT

Utilization of power turns to be necessary for every work in today's

world. To comfort our daily routine the devices are used in large numbers. The
benefits of roadway energy harvesting systems are potentially excellent.

Energy harvesting is defined as capturing minute amounts of energy from

one or more of the surrounding energy resources. To generate the power
through footsteps as a source of renewable energy sources that we can obtain
while walking on a certain arrangement like stepping foot on piezoelectric tiles.
An advanced footstep power generation system proposed here uses
piezoelectric sensors. To generate a voltage from the footstep the piezo
sensors are mounted below the platform. To generate maximum output
voltage the sensors are placed in such an arrangement. This is then forwarded
to our monitoring circuitry.

The circuit is the microcontrollerbased monitoring circuit that allows

users to monitor the charges and voltage of a connected battery to it and this
power source has many applications. It also displays the charge generated by
our footstep and displays it on an LCD. Also, it consists of a USB mobile phone
charging point where a user may connect cables to charge the mobile phone
from the battery charge. The current is distributed using (radio-frequency
identification) RFID cards so that only an authorized person can use the
generator for charging.

Thus, we charge a battery using power from footsteps, display it on LCD

using a microcontroller circuit, and allow for mobile charging through the
setup. Our project model cost is effective and easy to implement and also it is
green and not harmful to the environment. Key Words: Piezoelectric,
renewable resources, microcontroller, battery, LCD, RFID, USB.
 INTRODUCTION
Energy is nothing but the ability to do work. Power has turned into help for
the human populace nowadays. Its request is expanding rapidly. In the day-to-
day, life innovation needs an immense measure of electrical power for its
different activities.

Power generation is the single largest wellspring of contamination in the

world. Due to which numerous energy resources are produced and wasted.
Electricity is generally generated from resources like water, wind, coal, etc. for
generating the electricity from these resources development of big plants that
are needed having high maintenance and high cost. In like manner, it is the
target of the present development to give the technique for electrical power
generation from which regularly expanding human populace that does not
adversely affect the natural resources.

This innovation depends on a rule called the piezoelectric effect impact, in

which certain materials can develop an electrical charge from having weight,
the strain applied to them. The piezoelectric effect is the effect of specific
materials to generate the electric charge in response to applied mechanical
stress on it. It is the effect in which mechanical vibrations, pressure, or strain
applied to the piezoelectric material are converted into electrical form.

Piezoelectricity alludes to the capacity of a few materials to produce an

electric potential in light of connected weight. The inserted piezoelectric
material can give the enchantment of the changing overweight applied by
moving individuals into the electric current, which is stored in a battery and
further distributed using RFID cards.
 HARDWARE IMPLEMENTATION:

FIGURE-1:

Block Diagram of Advance Footstep Power Generating System The

following figure shows the block diagram of an advanced footstep power
generator using RFID for charging. After applying weight on piezoelectric plates
voltage is developed across the plates.

That voltage is applied to the battery for charging purposes. This is then
provided to our monitoring circuitry. LCD is interfaced with a piezo sensor
using a microcontroller that allows the user to monitor the voltage and charges
a connected battery by it.

Also, RFID is interfaced with a microcontroller to know authorized users &

it consists of a USB mobile phone charging point where the user may connect
cables to charge the mobile phone from the battery charge.
 WORKING:
The Footstep power generator works on the principle of piezoelectric
effect impact. Piezoelectric Effect is the ability of certain materials for
generating electric charges in response to applied mechanical stress on the
piezoelectric plate. Thus, squeeze certain crystals and you can make electricity
flow through them.

In most crystals, the unit cell is symmetrical in piezoelectric crystals.

Normally, the piezoelectric crystals are electrically neutral and atoms inside
the piezoelectric plate may not be symmetrically arranged, but their electrical
charges are perfectly balanced, the positive charge in one place cancels out a
negative charge nearby them.

However, if you squeeze or stretch the piezoelectric crystal, you deform

the structure, negatively, and causing net electrical charges to appear. This
effect carries through a whole structure so net positive and negative charges
appear on the opposite, outer faces of the crystal.

Normally, the charges in the piezoelectric crystal are exactly balanced,

even if they are not symmetrically arranged. If you squeeze the crystal
(massively exaggerated in this picture!), you force the charges out of balance.

Now the effects of the charges are no longer eliminated one another out
and net positive and negative charges appear on opposite crystal faces. By
squeezing a crystal, you have produced the voltage across its opposite faces
and that's piezoelectricity. In this project, we have used the same
phenomenon of producing piezoelectricity from the piezoelectric crystal in the
form of a coin shape disc.
BLOCK DIAGRAM

Figure:2
 The basic working principle of our project is based on the Piezoelectric
sensor.

 To implement this we adjust the wooden plates above and below the sensors
and moveable springs.

 Non-conventional energy using foot step is converting mechanical energy

into the electrical energy.

 When the pressure is applied on the sensors will convert mechanical energy
into electrical energy
components
1. Power supply
2.LED Lights
3.Piezoelectric crystal material
4.Amplifier
5.Rechargeble battery
6.Multimeter
7.Buzzer
8.Arduino UNO
9.Display
10.RFID

1.Power supply
The power is stored in a battery that can be used to
charge a mobile phone using RFID card. This system is
powered by At mega 328 microcontroller, it consists of
Arduino IDE, RFID sensor, USB cable and LCD. When we
power on the system, the system enters into registration
mode. We can register three users.
2.Piezoelectric Sensor
This diagram depicts the simplest wiring configuration: a single piezo
transducer connected directly to a mono (two pole) connector. Many first-time
CBG builders utilize this approach when they want to be able to plug their
design into an amp. Many builders stick to this basic arrangement and never
feel compelled to upgrade — and there's nothing wrong with that! This
configuration will produce a simple sound that is highly dependent on where
the piezo is positioned and how it is put in the box — for more information,
visit our articles on piezo basics.

One frequently asked topic is whether the polarity of the piezo wire you
connect to which jack pole affects. Or, to put it another way, does it matter if
the red or black wire is connected to which pole on the jack? The basic answer
is that it doesn't – regardless of how you connect it, you'll get the same sound.
However, it is a good practice to connect the ground (black wire) to the ground
pole at all times. It isn't critical with a straight piezo-to-jack connection, but
when wiring jobs become more complex, consistency makes debugging a LOT
easier!

Figure:3
3.BATTERY
Chemical energy is immediately converted to electrical energy by
batteries. A battery is made up of a certain number of voltaic cells. A
conductive electrolyte comprising anions and cations connects two half-cells in
series to form each cell. Electrolyte and the negative electrode, to which
anions (negatively charged ions) migrate, are in one half-cell; electrolyte and
the positive electrode, to which cations (positively charged ions) migrate, are
in the other half-cell. The battery is powered by redox processes. During
charging, cations are reduced (electrons are added) at the cathode, while
anions are oxidized (electrons are withdrawn) at the anode.

FIGURE:4
The electrodes do not come into contact with one another, but the
electrolyte connects them electrically. For each half-cell, certain cells require
distinct electrolytes. A separator permits ions to pass between half-cells while
keeping the electrolytes separate. The ability to drive electric current from the
interior to the exterior of the cell determines the electromotive force (or emf)
of each half-cell. The difference between the emfs of the cell's half-cells is the
net emf of the cell.

4.RFID
An RFID tag is a microchip that is paired with an antenna in a small
container that is designed to allow the RFID tag to be a fixed to a
tracked object. Radio Frequency Identification is the abbreviation for
Radio Frequency Identification. The antenna on the tag takes up
signals from an RFID reader or scanner and then transmits the signal
back to the reader or scanner, usually with some additional data (like
a unique serial number or other customized information). RFID tags
can be as small as a giant rice grain in size. Others could be as small
as a small paperback book.
 FIGURE:5
5.Arduino UNO
"Arduino is open-source electronics prototyping platform with flexible,
user-friendly hardware and software." It's for artists, designers, enthusiasts,
and anyone else who wants to make interactive things or surroundings."

The Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board that uses the ATmega328

microcontroller (datasheet). There are 14 digital input/output pins (six of
which can be used as PWM outputs), six analog inputs, a 16 MHz ceramic
resonator, a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset button
on the board. It comes with everything you'll need to get started with the
microcontroller; simply plug it into a computer with a USB cable or power it
with an AC-to-DC adapter or battery. The Uno is unique in that it does not
employ the FTDI USB-to-serial driver chip found on previous boards. Instead, it
uses a USB-to-serial converter based on the Atmega16U2 (Atmega8U2 up to
version R2)
 FIGURE:6

6. Display
Microcontroller Liquid crystal display are interfacing to
8051.Most commonly LCD used are 16X2 & 20X2 display. In 16X2
display means 16 represents column & 2 represents rows.

FIGURE:7

Applications: -
 Foot Step generated power can be used for agricultural, home
applications, Street-lighting.
 Foot step power generation can be used in emergency power failure
situations.
 Metros, Rural Application etc.
 This can be actualized in air terminals, transport stations, railroad
stations.
 Street lights can be actualized utilizing this strategy instead of solar in
the rainy season.
 This framework can be actualized in swarmed places like shopping
centers, pathways, and so forth.
ADVANTAGES:

 Power generation is simply walking on step.

 No need fuel input.
 This is a non-conventional system.
 No moving parts and long service life.
 self -generating and no external power required.
 Compact yet highly sensitive.
 This is the non-ordinary technique for producing power.
 No moving parts - long administration life.
 Self-producing-no outside power required.
 The system is reduced yet exceedingly touchy
 It is Reliable, Economical, and EcoFriendly
 Less utilization of non-sustainable power sources.
 Power is likewise produced by running or practicing on the progression
 Extremely wide powerful range, free of commotion.
 No big industries required for generation.
 Very high-frequency response.
 Simple to use as they have small dimensions and a large measuring
range.
.

DISADVANTAGES:
 Only applicable for the particular place.
 Initial cost of this arrangement is high.
 output affected by temperature variations
 The initial cost of this arrangement is high.
 Care ought to be taken for batteries.
 The output may vary according to the temperature variation of the
crystal.
  It is not suitable for measurement in static conditions.

FUTURE SCOPE:
The utilization of wasted energy is very much relevant and
important for highly populated countries in the world in the future.
Flooring Tiles Japan has already started experimenting with the use
of the piezoelectric effect impact on generating energy. They
implement a piezoelectric effect on the bus stairs.

Thus, every time passenger steps on the tiles; they trigger the
small vibration that can be stored as energy in the battery. The
flooring tiles are designed with rubber which can absorb the
vibration. This vibration generates when people are running or
walking on it. Under these tiles, the piezoelectric material is placed.
They can generate electricity when the movement is felt by the
material. Simultaneously this generated energy is stored in the
battery. The generated electricity can be used for the lighting of a
lamp or street light.

Energy is generated by the step of one human being is too less

but if the number of steps increases ultimately energy production
also increases simultaneously. Dance floors Europe is one of the
countries which implemented and started experimenting with the
use of a piezoelectric crystal for energy generation in nightclubs.

The floor is then compressed by the dancer's feet and

piezoelectric materials make contact and generate electricity which
can be used as the generator in the club. The generated electricity is
nothing but 220 watts. It depends on the impact of the dancer's feet.
If constant compression of the piezoelectric crystal causes a huge
amount of energy.
AEIOU SUMMARY SHEET:

FIGURE.8

USERS:
 For our observation is students, children, factory workers,
lecturers, Shopkeepers, Traffic police, Farmers, Office employees,
Hose wife, Dancers, Bus conductors

ACTIVITIES:
In activity doing like running, walking, Dancing ,Shopping ,
Farming , pulping , police patrolling etc.
Environment:
This Concept is using Non-convectional Energy system that means
it’s not effected to people & not spread pollution

Interactions:
Advance footstep Power generation system using RFID for
charging interaction below
Objects:
Objects Used for walking shoes, sandals, Running shoes, Slipper,
dancing shoes etc.

IDEATION CANVAS

If we talk about ideation Canvas then it Something near to our

main problem which we want to find. That defined in “People”
part.
In that Part only those people mention which are only related
to our problems only like Lecturers, Student, Farmers, Doctor and
nurses main Athletes.

PEOPLE
ACTIVITIES
Sun Rises Every Day with rising day different activity doing a people
just like dancing, walking, running, Farming, cleaning, swimming etc.

SITUATION/CONTEXT/LOCATION
Finally for possible solutions is at last we have to find problem
and that can be possible solution and way that thing can be
mentioned
PROPS/TOOLS/OBJECTS/EQUIPMENTS

PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT CANVAS

Purpose:
In the Sheet we will precise about the purpose of our topic. In Our
Canvas we are fully concern about the purpose
People:
Then We Will Choose the people who are precisely link to this our
purpose for Topic
Product Function & Features:
Product Function is to Save limited resources which generate
electricity. Product Features wherever people using it easily & not to
pay for much higher cost.

Components:
Customer Revalidation / Reject, Redesign, Retain
EMPATHY MAPPING CANVAS:
 FIGURE:9
STORY BOARDING ACTIVITY:
This story boarding is an activity where it is needed to incorporate
emotions related with activities and users, stakeholders, identified.

The story made up here talks about attachment with environment

and Using advantage technology. shows us their features and
importance of this topic in our daily life

LEARNING NEEDS MATRIX:

 FIGURE:10
FLOW CHART

FIGURE:11
MIND MAPPING CANVAS

FIGURE:12
PROTPOTYPE MODEL

FIGURE:13
CONCLUSION:
The project undertaken is effectively tried and actualized which
is the best conservative, reasonable vitality answer for average
citizens of our country. This can be utilized for some applications in
rustic zones where control accessibility is less or thoroughly truant.

India is a creating nation where vitality administration is a major

test for the gigantic populace. By utilizing this task, we can drive both
A.C. and besides, D.C loads as indicated by the power we connected
on the piezoelectric sensor.

This technique gives an effective power generation in very

populated nations as it diminishes control requests without
contamination. As a reality, just 11% of sustainable power source
adds to our essential vitality. On the off chance that this undertaking
is sent at that point not just, we can conquer the vitality emergency
issue yet, besides make a solid worldwide ecological change.