Fizza Chaudhary

Roll no. 05

Date. 01/03/2024

PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE SUMMARIZED

Types Of Jobs for An Architect:

An architect can acquire jobs of the following major 4 types

• Office – He could start p his own firm/ office directly dealing with the clients and taking
charge.
• Government- He could work in a government sector.
• Private – He can work in a private sector.
• Online- Can do online jobs or pursue a career in freelancing.

Charging Architectural Fee:

Charging architectural fees to a client can vary depending on various factors such as the scope
of work, project size, complexity, location, and your level of experience. Here's a general guide
on how to determine and charge architectural fees to your clients:
Hourly Rate: Charge an hourly rate for your architectural services. This is suitable for smaller
projects or tasks where the scope of work is not clearly defined.
Fixed Fee: Provide a fixed fee for the entire project based on the estimated time and resources
required. This is common for well-defined projects with a clear scope of work.
Percentage of Construction Cost: Charge a percentage of the total construction cost. This
method is often used for larger projects and can vary between 5-15% depending on the
complexity and size of the project.
Lump Sum: Similar to fixed fees, lump-sum fees are a predetermined amount agreed upon by
both parties for the entire project or specific phases. However, lump-sum fees may be based on
a combination of factors such as project size, complexity, and estimated time required.
Hybrid Model: Combine different fee structures based on the project phases. For example,
charge a fixed fee for the design phase and hourly rates for additional services or revisions.
Cost Estimation: Estimate the total project cost including design fees, construction costs,
permits, consultant fees, and any other expenses. Ensure that your fees cover your overhead
costs and desired profit margin.
Value-Based Fees: In value-based pricing, the architect's fee is determined based on the
perceived value of their services to the client. This method considers factors such as the client's
budget, the project's significance, and the architect's expertise.

Component Of Architectural Office:

Administrative Staff: Administrative staff handle various administrative tasks such as
scheduling appointments, managing correspondence, organizing meetings, and maintaining
project files. They play a crucial role in ensuring the smooth operation of the architecture
office.
Marketing: Marketing and business development professionals are responsible for promoting
the architecture firm's services, attracting new clients, and building relationships with existing
clients. They may develop marketing materials, attend networking events, and participate in
business development activities.
Benedict Managers: Project managers oversee the execution of architectural projects from
inception to completion. They are responsible for coordinating team members, managing
project timelines and budgets, and ensuring that projects meet quality standards and client
expectations.

Types Of Architectural Projects:

Following are projects architect can work on, and comes under the domain of any architect’s
professional practice.
Residential Projects:
Single-Family Homes: Designing custom homes for individual clients, ranging from small
cottages to large luxury residences.
Multi-Family Housing: Designing apartment buildings, condominiums, townhouses, or other
types of multi-unit residential developments.
Commercial Projects:
Office Buildings: Designing office spaces for businesses, corporations, or co-working spaces.
Retail Spaces: Designing stores, boutiques, shopping malls, or retail centers.
Hospitality: Designing hotels, resorts, restaurants, cafes, or entertainment venues.
Mixed-Use Developments: Designing buildings or complexes that combine residential,
commercial, and/or retail spaces.
Institutional Projects:
Educational Facilities: Designing schools, colleges, universities, libraries, or research facilities.
Healthcare Facilities: Designing hospitals, clinics, medical offices, or assisted living facilities.
Government Buildings: Designing courthouses, municipal buildings, libraries, or government
offices.
Industrial Projects:
Factories and Warehouses: Designing industrial facilities for manufacturing, production, or
storage.
Research and Development Centers: Designing facilities for scientific research, innovation, or
technology development.
Cultural and Recreational Projects:
Museums and Galleries: Designing cultural institutions to showcase art, history, or science.
Theaters and Performing Arts Centers: Designing venues for theater, dance, music, or other
performing arts.
Sports Facilities: Designing stadiums, arenas, sports complexes, or recreational centers.
Urban Planning and Master Planning:
Urban Design: Planning and designing urban spaces, streetscapes, plazas, parks, and public
squares.
Master Planning: Developing long-term plans for the growth and development of cities,
neighborhoods, or large-scale developments.
Interior Design:
Designing interior spaces for residential retail, hospitality, healthcare, or corporate
environments.
Landscape design:
Designing landscape for various projects.

Departments in an Architecture Office:

The design focus of an architect’s office further divides its work into the following

• Public health department

• Structure department
• Electrification department
 • Survey department
• HVAC department

Two Types of Projects

• Individual Projects
• Competition Projects

Components of a Project:
Three professionals collectively make up to be the components of the project.
Architect:

• Collaborating with clients to understand their needs, goals, and budget for the project.
• Developing design concepts, plans, and drawings that meet the client's requirements
and comply with building codes and regulations.
• Working with engineers, consultants, and other professionals to ensure that the design
is technically feasible and structurally sound.
• Preparing construction documents, specifications, and bidding documents to
communicate the design intent to contractors.
• Providing oversight during the construction phase to ensure that the project is built
according to the design drawings and specifications.
• Addressing any issues or changes that arise during construction and making necessary
adjustments to the design.
Client:

• Clearly articulating their project requirements, objectives, and budget to the architect.
• Reviewing and approving design concepts, plans, and drawings presented by the
architect.
• Providing feedback and direction throughout the design and construction process to
ensure that the project aligns with their vision and needs.
• Approving changes or modifications to the design and budget as necessary.
• Facilitating communication and coordination between the architect, contractor, and
other project stakeholders.
• Approving the final completion of the project and ensuring that it meets their
expectations and satisfaction.
Contractor:

• Reviewing the construction documents and specifications provided by the architect to

understand the scope of work and requirements for the project.
• Providing cost estimates, timelines, and proposals for the construction work.
 • Procuring materials, hiring labor, and coordinating subcontractors to execute the
construction work according to the project schedule and budget.
• Managing the construction site, ensuring safety compliance, and resolving any issues or
conflicts that arise during construction.
• Communicating regularly with the architect and client to provide progress updates,
address concerns, and seek clarification on design intent.
• Completing the construction work to the satisfaction of the client and architect, meeting
quality standards and regulatory requirements.

Regulatory Authorities of Pakistan

PCATP (Pakistan Council of Architects and Town Planners):

• PCATP is the regulatory authority for the architecture and town planning professions in
Pakistan.
• It is responsible for regulating the education, training, and practice of architects and
town planners in Pakistan.
• PCATP sets and enforces standards for architecture and town planning education,
accreditation, and licensing.
• It grants licenses and registrations to qualified architects and town planners, allowing
them to practice professionally in Pakistan.
• PCATP also oversees the continuing professional development (CPD) of architects and
town planners to ensure that they maintain and update their skills and knowledge
throughout their careers.
IAP (Institute of Architects Pakistan):

• IAP is a professional association for architects in Pakistan.

• It serves as a platform for architects to network, collaborate, and exchange ideas and
experiences.
• IAP promotes the interests of the architectural profession and advocates for policies and
initiatives that benefit architects and the built environment.
• It organizes events, conferences, seminars, and workshops to foster professional
development and knowledge sharing among architects.
• IAP provides resources, guidance, and support to architects in areas such as professional
practice, ethics, and design excellence.
• It represents the collective voice of architects in Pakistan and works to raise awareness
about the value of architecture in society.
Hiring A Contractor:
Look for the following things when hiring a contractor. It is important to note.
Experience: Seek contractors with relevant experience, proper licensing, and certifications in
the type of work required for your project.
Portfolio: Request references from previous clients and review the contractor's portfolio of
completed projects to assess their quality of work and reliability.
Availability of machinery: Ensure that the contractor carries adequate insurance coverage,
including liability insurance and worker's compensation, and is bonded to protect against
potential risks and liabilities.
Timeline and Schedule: Specify your project timeline and schedule expectations, including
deadlines for completion of different phases of the project, to ensure that the contractor can
meet your timeframe.
Working Capital: Clearly communicate your budget constraints and expectations regarding
project costs, including payment terms, to ensure that the contractor's proposal aligns with
your financial parameters.