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SESSION-1

NUMBERS:

In [1]: # Addition
​
6 + 2

Out[1]: 8

In [2]: # Subtraction
​
6 - 2

Out[2]: 4

In [3]: # Multiplication
​
6 * 2

Out[3]: 12

In [4]: # Division
​
6 / 2

Out[4]: 3.0

In [5]: # Floor Division

​
9 // 2
# Answer shoud be 4.5 but considering only the floor value the answer is 4.

Out[5]: 4

In [6]: # Exponential / Power

​
6 ** 2

Out[6]: 36

In [7]: # BODMAS
​
int((9 + 4) - 5 * 3 + (8 / 2) + (9 - 2))

Out[7]: 9

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In [8]: # Math Library

​
import math as m
int(m.sqrt(625))

Out[8]: 25

VARIABLES:

In [9]: x = 7
y = 8.5
x + y

Out[9]: 15.5

In [10]: # Dtype of x
​
x,type(x),y,type(y)

Out[10]: (7, int, 8.5, float)

In [11]: # Dtype of x + y
​
type(x + y)

Out[11]: float

STRINGS:
Strings are Immutable.

In [12]: z = 'Tushar Shekhar'

z

Out[12]: 'Tushar Shekhar'

In [13]: # Dtype of z
​
type(z)

Out[13]: str

In [14]: # Length of z
​
len(z)

Out[14]: 14

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In [15]: # Forward - Indexing

​
z[5]

Out[15]: 'r'

In [16]: # Reverse - Indexing

​
z[-4]

Out[16]: 'k'

In [17]: # Slicing x to end

​
z[5:]

Out[17]: 'r Shekhar'

In [18]: # Slicing start to x

​
z[:4]

Out[18]: 'Tush'

In [19]: # Slicing x to y
​
z[5:11] # 5 included but 11 not included.

Out[19]: 'r Shek'

In [20]: # Slicing with step count [1 to 9 - 10 not included and 2 is the step count
​
z[1:10:2]

Out[20]: 'uhrSe'

In [21]: # Capitalize
​
# Capitalizes the first letter of first word in the string.
program = 'data science'
program.capitalize()

Out[21]: 'Data science'

In [22]: # Title
​
# Capitalizes the first letter of all the words in the string.
program.title()

Out[22]: 'Data Science'

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In [23]: # Index of particular char.

​
# If char comes 2 or more times then it returns the first index of occurenc
program.index('a')

Out[23]: 1

In [24]: # Index of particular char.

​
program.index('c')

Out[24]: 6

In [25]: # Upper Function: It UpperCases all the letters in the string for all the w
# Lower Function: It LowerCases all the letters in the string for all the w
​
program.upper()

Out[25]: 'DATA SCIENCE'

In [26]: # Split function: It seperates the words and store them as an item in the l
​
program.split()

Out[26]: ['data', 'science']

In [27]: # Split function: It seperates the words from the given * char * and store
course = "Python-for-Chitkara"
course.split('-')

Out[27]: ['Python', 'for', 'Chitkara']

In [28]: # Dtype of input: STR always.

​
type(input('Enter Number: '))

Enter Number: 15

Out[28]: str

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In [29]: # Strings are Immutable.

​
subject = 'Python'
subject[0] ='B'
subject

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
TypeError Traceback (most recent call las
t)
Cell In[29], line 4
1 # Strings are Immutable.
3 subject = 'Python'
----> 4 subject[0] ='B'
5 subject

TypeError: 'str' object does not support item assignment

DATA STRUCTURES:

TUPLES:

Tuples are Immutable.

In [30]: t1 = (2,4,'Data',6,8,10,'Python')
t1

Out[30]: (2, 4, 'Data', 6, 8, 10, 'Python')

In [31]: # Access particular index.

​
t1[4]

Out[31]: 8

In [32]: # Tuple Slicing

​
t1[2:5]

Out[32]: ('Data', 6, 8)

In [33]: # Count the freq of any char.

​
t2 = (2,4,8,8,6,5,3,2,4,7,8,9,5,4,1,2,8,6)
t2.count(8)

Out[33]: 4

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In [34]: # Index of particular data item.

​
t2.index(1)

Out[34]: 14

In [35]: # Length of tuple.

​
len(t1)

Out[35]: 7

In [36]: # Max value of tuple.

​
#This works when Dtypes is same for all data members.
​
max(t2)

Out[36]: 9

In [37]: # Min value of tuple.

​
#This works when Dtypes is same for all data members.
​
min(t2)

Out[37]: 1

In [38]: # Tuples are Immutable.

​
t1[2] = 8

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
TypeError Traceback (most recent call las
t)
Cell In[38], line 3
1 # Tuples are Immutable.
----> 3 t1[2] = 8

TypeError: 'tuple' object does not support item assignment

LISTS:

In [39]: l1 = [2,4,6,8,10]
l1

Out[39]: [2, 4, 6, 8, 10]

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In [40]: # Access particular index.

​
l1[2]

Out[40]: 6

In [41]: # Append: Adding to the end.

​
l1.append(10)
l1

Out[41]: [2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 10]

In [42]: # Extend:
l2 = [9,7,5,3,1]
l2.extend(l1)
l2

Out[42]: [9, 7, 5, 3, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 10]

In [43]: # Insert element at an particular index.

​
l1.insert(2,15)
l1

Out[43]: [2, 4, 15, 6, 8, 10, 10]

In [44]: # Pop out the last element.

​
l1.pop()
l1

Out[44]: [2, 4, 15, 6, 8, 10]

In [45]: # Remove element by itself

​
l1.remove(15)
l1

Out[45]: [2, 4, 6, 8, 10]

In [46]: # Sort in ASC order.

​
l1.sort()
l1

Out[46]: [2, 4, 6, 8, 10]

In [47]: # Sort in DESC order.

​
l1.sort(reverse = True)
l1

Out[47]: [10, 8, 6, 4, 2]

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In [48]: # Deep Copy

​
l3 = l1
l3

Out[48]: [10, 8, 6, 4, 2]

In [49]: # Changing value in copied list.

​
l3[0] = 12
l3

Out[49]: [12, 8, 6, 4, 2]

In [50]: # The Value changes in the original list as well.

​
l1

Out[50]: [12, 8, 6, 4, 2]

In [51]: # Shallow Copy.

​
sc = l1.copy()
sc

Out[51]: [12, 8, 6, 4, 2]

In [52]: # Changing value in copied list.

​
sc[0] = 20
sc

Out[52]: [20, 8, 6, 4, 2]

In [53]: # The Value does not change in the original list as seen in Deep Copy.
​
l1

Out[53]: [12, 8, 6, 4, 2]

In [54]: # Empty the list.

​
sc.clear()
sc

Out[54]: []

DICTIONARY:

In [55]: d1 = {'Id': 5049,'Name': 'Tushar','Ratings': 4.2}

d1

Out[55]: {'Id': 5049, 'Name': 'Tushar', 'Ratings': 4.2}

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In [56]: # Checking Dtype.

​
type(d1)

Out[56]: dict

In [57]: # Accessing Particular key.

​
d1['Name']

Out[57]: 'Tushar'

In [58]: # Changing value of particular key.

​
d1['Ratings'] = 4.7
d1

Out[58]: {'Id': 5049, 'Name': 'Tushar', 'Ratings': 4.7}

In [59]: # Adding new key value pair in existing dict.

​
d1['City'] = 'Chandigarh'
d1

Out[59]: {'Id': 5049, 'Name': 'Tushar', 'Ratings': 4.7, 'City': 'Chandigarh'}

In [60]: # List all keys in the dict.

​
d1.keys()

Out[60]: dict_keys(['Id', 'Name', 'Ratings', 'City'])

In [61]: # List all Values/Items in the dict.

​
d1.items()

Out[61]: dict_items([('Id', 5049), ('Name', 'Tushar'), ('Ratings', 4.7), ('City',

'Chandigarh')])

In [62]: d2 = {'Name':'Tushar Shekhar', 'City': 'Zirakpur','Salary':95000}

d2

Out[62]: {'Name': 'Tushar Shekhar', 'City': 'Zirakpur', 'Salary': 95000}

In [63]: d1.update(d2)
d1

Out[63]: {'Id': 5049,

'Name': 'Tushar Shekhar',
'Ratings': 4.7,
'City': 'Zirakpur',
'Salary': 95000}

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SETS:

In [64]: # Gives a particular value only once in ASC order.

​
s1 = {2,4,6,8,10,10,8,8,8,6,4,4,6,8,10,2}
s1

Out[64]: {2, 4, 6, 8, 10}

In [65]: # Checking Dtype.

​
type(s1)

Out[65]: set

In [66]: # Converting list into sets.

​
list1 = [9,7,6,4,3,1,2,5,8]
s2 = set(list1)
s2

Out[66]: {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}

In [67]: # Checking Dtype

​
type(s2)

Out[67]: set

CONTROL STATEMENTS:
In [68]: # If-Else [Age-Voting Question]
​
age = int(input("Enter your Age: "))
if age >= 18:
print('You have the Right to Vote.')
else:
print("Sorry you can't vote.")

Enter your Age: 22

You have the Right to Vote.

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In [69]: # If-Elif-Else [Age-Voting Question]

​
age = int(input("Enter your Age: "))
gender = input("Enter your gender [M/F]: ")
if age >= 18 and gender == 'M':
print('Sir, you have the Right to Vote.')
elif age >= 18 and gender == 'F':
print('Mam, you have the Right to Vote.')
else:
print("Sorry you can't vote.")

Enter your Age: 22

Enter your gender [M/F]: M
Sir, you have the Right to Vote.

In [70]: # Nested if
​
num1 = int(input('Enter frist number: '))
num2 = int(input('Enter second number: '))
num3 = int(input('Enter third number: '))
if num1 > num2:
if num1 > num3:
print(num1,' is greater than ', num2, ' and ',num3)
if num2 > num1:
if num2 > num3:
print(num2,' is greater than ', num1, ' and ',num3)
if num3 > num1:
if num3 > num2:
print(num3,' is greater than ', num1, ' and ',num2)

Enter frist number: 51

Enter second number: 52
Enter third number: 99
99 is greater than 51 and 52

In [71]: # Range [2-16 only interleave]

​
x = set(range(2,16,2)) # 16 is not included. it works for 2 to 15 only.
x

Out[71]: {2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14}

In [72]: # For Loop

​
x = [2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14]
x_square = [] # empty list
for i in x:
x_square.append(i**2)
​
x_square

Out[72]: [4, 16, 36, 64, 100, 144, 196]

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In [73]: #Nested For-loop [Pattern]

​
for row in range(1,5):
for col in range(row):
print('*',end ="")
print()

*
**
***
****

In [74]: #Nested For-loop [Pattern]

​
for row in range(1,5):
for col in range(row):
print(row,end ="")
print()

1
22
333
4444

In [75]: #Nested For-loop [Pattern]

​
for row in range(1,5):
for col in range(row):
print(col+1,end ="")
print()

1
12
123
1234

In [76]: # While Loop

​
num = 1
while num <= 5:
print(num)
num += 1

1
2
3
4
5

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In [77]: # Break
​
l1 = ['Shekhar',2,4,'Data',6,8,10,'Python',56,48,20,54,'Tushar']
for itr in l1:
if itr == 'Python':
break;
print(itr)

Shekhar
2
4
Data
6
8
10

In [78]: # Continue
​
l1 = ['Shekhar',2,4,'Data',6,8,10,'Python',56,48,20,54,'Tushar']
for itr in l1:
if itr == 'Data':
continue;
print(itr)

Shekhar
2
4
6
8
10
Python
56
48
20
54
Tushar

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In [79]: # Question: [Letter-Digit-Symbol: frequency]

​
str1 = 'tushar@shekhar#5049!6280772554%7G*data)science('
​
alpha = 0
digits = 0
symbol = 0
​
for c in str1:
if c.isalpha():
alpha += 1
elif c.isdigit():
digits += 1
else:
symbol += 1
print('Alphabets = ',alpha)
print('Digits = ',digits)
print('Symbols = ',symbol)

Alphabets = 25
Digits = 15
Symbols = 7

In [80]: # Sperate positive

​
pos = []
l2 = [8,-5,4,6,-2,-10,-51,-12,-48,36,-74,55,-44,20]
for i in l2:
if i > 0:
pos.append(i)
pos

Out[80]: [8, 4, 6, 36, 55, 20]

In [81]: # Sperate negitive

​
neg = []
l2 = [8,-5,4,6,-2,-10,-51,-12,-48,36,-74,55,-44,20]
for i in l2:
if i < 0:
neg.append(i)
neg

Out[81]: [-5, -2, -10, -51, -12, -48, -74, -44]

FUNCTIONS:

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In [82]: # Defining and Calling the function:

​
​
def sim_greet(): # Define the function
print('Hello Buddy, Keep Studying :)')
​
sim_greet() # Calling the function

Hello Buddy, Keep Studying :)

In [83]: # Passing info to function

​
def name_greet(name):
print("Hello",name,',', 'Welcome to Python Prac-1. Enjoy Learning :)')

name_greet('Tushar Shekhar')

Hello Tushar Shekhar , Welcome to Python Prac-1. Enjoy Learning :)

In [84]: def multiply(n1,n2):

print(n1 * n2)

multiply(20,3)

60

In [85]: # Print V/S Return

# Print is of nonetype and can't be enhanced gives error where as return ca

​
def multiply(n1,n2):
print(n1 * n2)

multiply(20,3) + 10
​
# To solve this we can use return instead of print.

60

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
TypeError Traceback (most recent call las
t)
Cell In[85], line 8
5 def multiply(n1,n2):
6 print(n1 * n2)
----> 8 multiply(20,3) + 10

TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for +: 'NoneType' and 'int'

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In [86]: # Solving above using return.

​
def multiply(n1,n2):
return(n1 * n2)

multiply(20,3) + 10

Out[86]: 70

In [87]: # Positional Arguements

​
def student(name,age):
print('Name: ',name)
print('Age: ',age)

student(22,'Tushar Shekhar')
​
# Here the values are incorrect as we called the function with positional a

Name: 22
Age: Tushar Shekhar

In [88]: # Keyword Arguements

​
def student(name,age):
print('Name: ',name)
print('Age: ',age)

student(age = 22,name = 'Tushar Shekhar')

​
# Here the result for same above function is Correct as we have called the f

Name: Tushar Shekhar

Age: 22

In [89]: # Variable length arguements. [*]

​
def sum_num(*num):
sum = 0
for i in num:
sum += i
return sum
​
sum_num(9,7,6,4,3,1,2,8,10)

Out[89]: 50

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In [90]: # Variable Keyword length arguements. [**]

​
def info(**reg):
for i,j in reg.items():
print(i,j)
​
info(name = 'Tushar Shekhar', age = 22, course = 'Data Science', Ratings =

name Tushar Shekhar

age 22
course Data Science
Ratings 4.7

In [91]: # Prime or not using For-Else

​
def prime(num):
for i in range(2,int(num/2)):
if num % i == 0:
print(num,' is not a prime number.')
break;
else:
print(num,' is a prime number.')

prime(37)

37 is a prime number.

In [92]: # Reverse the digits of the number.

​
def rev_num(n):
strn = str(n)
nstr = strn[::-1]
nn = int(nstr)
return nn
​
rev_num(24689)

Out[92]: 98642

In [93]: # Scope of variable

​
num = 10
​
def scope():
num = 15
print('Inside function = ',num)

scope()
print('Outside function = ',num)

Inside function = 15
Outside function = 10

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In [94]: # Return palindrome str

​
def palindrome_str(*strings):
res = []
for word in strings:
if word == word[::-1]:
res.append(word)
return res
​
palindrome_str('racecar','vishvas','radar','sankalp','string','madam','mom'

Out[94]: ['racecar', 'radar', 'madam', 'mom', 'nitin']

In [95]: # RECURSION - Factorial

​
def factorial(number):
if(number == 0 or number == 1):
return 1
else:
return number * factorial(number - 1)

factorial(5)

Out[95]: 120

In [96]: # RECURSION - Fibonacci

​
def fibo(number):
if number <= 1:
return number
return(fibo(number - 1) + fibo(number - 2))

# print series:
num = int(input('Enter number: '))
for i in range(num):
print(fibo(i))

Enter number: 8
0
1
1
2
3
5
8
13

In [97]: # ANONYOMOUS / INLINE FUNCTIONS:

​
# Addition
​
add = lambda a,b: a + b
add(5,6)

Out[97]: 11

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In [98]: # Subtraction
​
sub = lambda a,b: a - b
sub(15,6)

Out[98]: 9

In [99]: # Division
​
div = lambda a,b: a / b
div(54,6)

Out[99]: 9.0

In [100]: # Multiplication
​
mul = lambda a,b: a * b
mul(5,6)

Out[100]: 30

In [101]: # Square
​
sqr = lambda a: a ** 2
sqr(5)

Out[101]: 25

In [102]: # Cube
​
cube = lambda a: a ** 3
cube(5)

Out[102]: 125

In [103]: # Number div by 19 and 13

​
list1 = [19, 65, 57, 39, 152, 639, 121, 44, 90, 190]
res = list(filter(lambda x: (x%19==0) or (x%13==0),list1))
res

Out[103]: [19, 65, 57, 39, 152, 190]

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In [104]: # words with less than 5 letters

​
string = 'It is a long established fact that a reader will be distracted by
split_words = string.split()
res = list(filter(lambda y: len(y)<5,split_words))
res

Out[104]: ['It',
'is',
'a',
'long',
'fact',
'that',
'a',
'will',
'be',
'by',
'the',
'of',
'a',
'page',
'when',
'at',
'its']

In [105]: # sum all elements in a list

​
from functools import reduce
​
lis = [5,6,2,4,8,9,6,3,2,1]
res = reduce(lambda x,y: x + y,lis)
res

Out[105]: 46

In [106]: # Square of all elements in the list

​
list2 = [5,6,2,4,8,9,6,3,2,1]
res = list(map(lambda x: x**2,list2))
res

Out[106]: [25, 36, 4, 16, 64, 81, 36, 9, 4, 1]

In [107]: # Cube of all the elements in the list

list3 = [5,6,2,4,8,9,6,3,2,1]
res = list(map(lambda x: x**3,list3))
res

Out[107]: [125, 216, 8, 64, 512, 729, 216, 27, 8, 1]

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List Comprehension
In [108]: # Square of numbers in the list using list comprehension method.
​
list1 = [n*n for n in [6, 3, 2, 5, 4, 7]]
list1

Out[108]: [36, 9, 4, 25, 16, 49]

In [109]: # Uppercasing all the letters in the string using list comprehension method
​
list2 = [s.upper() for s in 'TusharShekhar']
list2

Out[109]: ['T', 'U', 'S', 'H', 'A', 'R', 'S', 'H', 'E', 'K', 'H', 'A', 'R']

In [110]: # Print only vowels and * for constants in the string using list comprehens
​
str_name = 'TusharShekhar'
res = [i if i in 'aeiou' else '*' for i in str_name]
res

Out[110]: ['*', 'u', '*', '*', 'a', '*', '*', '*', 'e', '*', '*', 'a', '*']

In [111]: # Print only +ve and * for -ve in the tuple using list comprehension method
​
tuple1 = (2, 4, -1, 8, 9, -5, 10, 12, -12)
result = [i if i > 0 else '*' for i in tuple1]
result

Out[111]: [2, 4, '*', 8, 9, '*', 10, 12, '*']

In [112]: # Print only +ve and the ones divisible by 2 and * for rest in the tuple us
​
tuple1 = (2, 4, -1, 8, 9, -5, 10, 12, -12)
result = [i if i > 0 else '*' for i in tuple1 if i % 2 ==0]
result

Out[112]: [2, 4, 8, 10, 12, '*']

Dictionary Comprehension
In [113]: # Print number with their square using dictionary comprehension method.
​
dict1 = {d:d*d for d in range(1,11)}
dict1

Out[113]: {1: 1, 2: 4, 3: 9, 4: 16, 5: 25, 6: 36, 7: 49, 8: 64, 9: 81, 10: 100}

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In [114]: # Print number with their string with their length using dictionary compreh
​
strings = ['Tushar','Shekhar','Introduction','To','Python']
dict2 = {i:len(i) for i in strings}
dict2

Out[114]: {'Tushar': 6, 'Shekhar': 7, 'Introduction': 12, 'To': 2, 'Python': 6}

Insert, Append, Pop in list

In [115]: # Write a program to remove the item present at index 4 and add it to the 2
​
list1 = [54, 44, 27, 79, 91, 41]
remindx = list1.pop(4)
list1.insert(1,remindx)
list1.append(remindx)
list1

Out[115]: [54, 91, 44, 27, 79, 41, 91]

In [116]: # Seprate +ve and -ve tweets question [List Comprehension]

​
positive = ['good','awesome', 'best', 'nice']
​
negative = ['worst','awful', 'bad']
​
tweets = [ 'This government policies are good', 'bad implementation', 'The
​
pos_twt = [x for x in tweets for i in x.split() if i in positive]
neg_twt = [x for x in tweets for i in x.split() if i in negative]
print('Positive Tweets: ')
print(pos_twt)
print('Negative Tweets: ')
print(neg_twt)

Positive Tweets:
['This government policies are good', 'The way he played showed that he is
one of the best players in the world', 'Her acting in the play was awesom
e', "It's nice to hear this little kid's laugh"]
Negative Tweets:
['bad implementation', 'The wine tastes awful']

In [117]: # Sour Fruits question [Dictionary Comprehension]

​
fruits = (('Lemon','sour'), ('DragonFruit', 'Sweet'), ('Grapes','sour'), ('
res = [x[0] for x in fruits if x[1].lower() == 'sour']
res

Out[117]: ['Lemon', 'Grapes', 'Kiwi', 'Orange', 'Limes']

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In [118]: # Seperate integers from string question [List Comprehension]

​
l1 = ['a',1,2,'b',4,5,0,'C',3,6,"python",7,8]
result = [i for i in l1 if type(i)==int]
result

Out[118]: [1, 2, 4, 5, 0, 3, 6, 7, 8]

In [119]: # Reverse the string with opposite case [Swapcase() Function]

​
string = 'HeLlO wOrLd'
res = string.swapcase()[::-1]
res

Out[119]: 'DlRoW oLlEh'

Numpy
In [120]: import numpy as np
​
import warnings
warnings.filterwarnings('ignore')

In [122]: array1 = np.array([4,5,6,1,3,2])

array1

Out[122]: array([4, 5, 6, 1, 3, 2])

In [123]: type(array1)

Out[123]: numpy.ndarray

In [124]: array1.shape

Out[124]: (6,)

In [125]: array1.ndim

Out[125]: 1

In [126]: # Multi D array

​
array2 = np.array([[1,4,7],[2,5,8],[3,6,9]])
array2

Out[126]: array([[1, 4, 7],

[2, 5, 8],
[3, 6, 9]])

In [127]: array2.shape

Out[127]: (3, 3)

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In [128]: array2.ndim

Out[128]: 2

Arange and Linspace

In [129]: np.arange(2,22,2)

Out[129]: array([ 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20])

In [130]: np.arange(2,22,2.8)

Out[130]: array([ 2. , 4.8, 7.6, 10.4, 13.2, 16. , 18.8, 21.6])

In [131]: # Linspace
​
np.linspace(2,22,12)

Out[131]: array([ 2. , 3.81818182, 5.63636364, 7.45454545, 9.27272727,

11.09090909, 12.90909091, 14.72727273, 16.54545455, 18.36363636,
20.18181818, 22. ])

In [133]: # Zeros array

​
np.zeros((3,3))

Out[133]: array([[0., 0., 0.],

[0., 0., 0.],
[0., 0., 0.]])

In [135]: # Identical array

​
np.eye(3)

Out[135]: array([[1., 0., 0.],

[0., 1., 0.],
[0., 0., 1.]])

In [136]: # Diagonal array

​
np.diag([2,4,6])

Out[136]: array([[2, 0, 0],

[0, 4, 0],
[0, 0, 6]])

Random Number Generation

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In [140]: # Generates random like [0.__] but only +ve numbers only.
​
np.random.rand(3,3)

Out[140]: array([[0.68903377, 0.61882101, 0.99766541],

[0.00921782, 0.72365046, 0.16113463],
[0.02218618, 0.55078951, 0.16277934]])

In [141]: # Generates random like [0.__] including Negatives also

​
np.random.randn(3,3)

Out[141]: array([[-0.35796348, 0.28637373, -0.4188792 ],

[-0.58962507, -0.7269684 , 0.94427174],
[-0.03465964, 0.25899539, -0.31799249]])

In [142]: # Generates random integers.

​
np.random.randint(11,22,(3,3))

Out[142]: array([[18, 15, 20],

[14, 14, 14],
[13, 15, 19]])

Masking in Numpy

In [144]: matrix = np.random.randint(11,22,(3,4))

matrix

Out[144]: array([[20, 19, 13, 21],

[15, 17, 13, 11],
[17, 21, 19, 21]])

In [146]: # Bool Masking

​
matrix>15

Out[146]: array([[ True, True, False, True],

[False, True, False, False],
[ True, True, True, True]])

In [148]: # Condtional Masking

​
matrix[matrix>15]

Out[148]: array([20, 19, 21, 17, 17, 21, 19, 21])

In [153]: matrix.shape

Out[153]: (3, 4)

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In [151]: matrix.reshape(4,3)

Out[151]: array([[20, 19, 13],

[21, 15, 17],
[13, 11, 17],
[21, 19, 21]])

Broadcasting

In [155]: z1 = np.zeros((3,3))
z1

Out[155]: array([[0., 0., 0.],

[0., 0., 0.],
[0., 0., 0.]])

In [156]: z2 = z1 + 10
z2

Out[156]: array([[10., 10., 10.],

[10., 10., 10.],
[10., 10., 10.]])

In [157]: # Row Broadcasting

​
a_r = [5,15,25]
rb = z2 + a_r
rb

Out[157]: array([[15., 25., 35.],

[15., 25., 35.],
[15., 25., 35.]])

In [162]: a_c = np.array([[2,4,6]])

a_c = a_c.T
cb = z2 + a_c
cb

Out[162]: array([[12., 12., 12.],

[14., 14., 14.],
[16., 16., 16.]])

In [163]: # Identical matrix with any constant number

​
np.full((3,3),5)

Out[163]: array([[5, 5, 5],

[5, 5, 5],
[5, 5, 5]])

Argmin and Argmax

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In [164]: nm = np.random.randint(22,55,(3,3))
nm

Out[164]: array([[44, 52, 35],

[23, 36, 29],
[34, 37, 22]])

In [165]: np.argmin(nm)

Out[165]: 8

In [166]: np.argmax(nm)

Out[166]: 1

In [167]: # Mean
​
ar = np.array([2,4,5,6,8,9,1,3,7])
np.mean(ar)

Out[167]: 5.0

In [168]: # Variance
​
np.var(ar)

Out[168]: 6.666666666666667

In [169]: # Standard Deviation

​
np.std(ar)

Out[169]: 2.581988897471611

In [170]: # Square
​
np.square(ar)

Out[170]: array([ 4, 16, 25, 36, 64, 81, 1, 9, 49])

In [171]: # Power
​
np.power(ar,2)

Out[171]: array([ 4, 16, 25, 36, 64, 81, 1, 9, 49], dtype=int32)

In [173]: # Concat
​
ap = np.array([2,5,4,6,8,3])
newar = np.concatenate([ar,ap])
newar

Out[173]: array([2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 1, 3, 7, 2, 5, 4, 6, 8, 3])

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In [174]: # Flatten Ravel

​
arra = np.array([[1,2,3,4,5,6],[9,8,7,6,5,4]])
np.ravel(arra)

Out[174]: array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4])

In [175]: # V-stack with 2-D iteration

​
age = np.array([9,8,7])
weight = np.array([1,2,5])
result = np.vstack([age,age,weight])
​
for i in result:
for j in i:
print(j)
​
result

9
8
7
9
8
7
1
2
5

Out[175]: array([[9, 8, 7],

[9, 8, 7],
[1, 2, 5]])

In [176]: # H-stack with 1-D iteration

​
age = np.array([9,8,7])
weight = np.array([1,2,5])
result = np.hstack([age,age,weight])
​
for i in result:
print(i)
​
result

9
8
7
9
8
7
1
2
5

Out[176]: array([9, 8, 7, 9, 8, 7, 1, 2, 5])

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In [ ]: ​

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