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Problems On - Sensors and Transducers

The document contains problems related to sensors and transducers. It includes questions about how temperature changes affect properties of materials, calculating output values for different sensor types, and determining strain and stress values based on sensor readings. The problems cover topics like thermal expansion, capacitive displacement sensors, potentiometers, resistance temperature detectors, thermocouples, and strain gauges.

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Mohamed Ahmed
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231 views3 pages

Problems On - Sensors and Transducers

The document contains problems related to sensors and transducers. It includes questions about how temperature changes affect properties of materials, calculating output values for different sensor types, and determining strain and stress values based on sensor readings. The problems cover topics like thermal expansion, capacitive displacement sensors, potentiometers, resistance temperature detectors, thermocouples, and strain gauges.

Uploaded by

Mohamed Ahmed
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Problems on : Sensors and Transducers

1. How much will an aluminum rod of 10 m length at 20 C˚ expand when a


temperature is changed from 0 C˚ to 100 C˚.

2. Consider a capacitive displacement sensor as shown in figure which is


designed to monitor small changes in a work piece position. The two
metal cylinders are separated by a plastic
sheath/bearing of thickness 1 mm and
dielectric constant of 2.5. If the radius is 2.5
cm, find the sensitivity (dC/dh) in pF/m as the
upper cylinder slides in and out of the lower
cylinder. What is the range of capacity if h
varies from 1 to 2 cm?

3. A potentiometer is supplied with 10 V and set at 82˚ as displayed in


figure. The range of this single turn pot is 350˚, calculate the output
voltage at the setting point.
4. A 10 KΩ pot is used as a position sensor, assume that the wiper is in the
middle of its range. Find the loading error when :
a) The interface circuit presents an infinite resistance.
b) The interface circuit presents a resistance of 100 KΩ.

5. The resistive element of a wire wound pot is made from 10 inch at 100
Ω/inch resistance wire and is wound as a coil of 200 loops. The range of
the pot is 350˚. What is the resolution of this pot?

6. A Platinum resistance thermometer has a resistance of 100 Ω at 0 C˚ and


the value of α is 0.00385. In operation the resistance is 101 Ω. Calculate
the temperature.

7. A thermocouple produces an e.m.f. in mV according to the temperature


difference between the sensor tip θ1 and the gauge head θ2 such that
e = α (θ1 - θ2) + β (θ12 - θ22) , if α = 3.5 * 10-2 and β = 8.2 * 10-6 . The
gauge head is at 20 C˚. The mV output is 12 mV. Calculate the
temperature at the sensor.
8. A thermocouple produces an e.m.f. in mV according to the temperature
difference between the sensor tip θ1 and the gauge head θ2 such that
e = α (θ1 - θ2) + β (θ12 - θ22) , if α = 3.5 * 10-2 and β = 8.2 * 10-6 ,
determine the mV output when the tip is at 220 C˚ and the gauge head at
20 C˚.

9. A strain gauge is glued to a structure. It has a gauge factor of 2.1 and a


resistance of 120.2 Ω. The structure is stressed and the resistance changes
to 120.25 Ω. Calculate the strain and convert this into stress. Take E =
205 GPa.

∆R = 120.25 – 120.2 = 0.05 Ω


ξ = ∆R/R1 = 0.05/120.2 = 4.16 * 10-4
ε = strain = ξ / G = 4.16 * 10-4 / 2.1 = 1.981 * 10-4
σ = stress = ε E = 1.981 * 10-4 * 205 * 109 = 40.61 MPa

10. Four strain gauges are formed into bridge with only one active gauge.
The nominal resistance of all of them is 120 W. The gauge factor is 2.1
and the supply voltage is 10 V. Calculate the strain when the output
from the bridge is 20 mV.
Vo= Vs G ε /(4 + 2 G ε) , ε = 4 Vo / G (Vs - 2Vo)

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