1 (a) A spring of original length 3.0 cm is extended to a total length of 5.

0 cm by a force of
8.0 N.

Assuming the limit of proportionality of the spring has not been reached, calculate the
force needed to extend it to a total length of 6.0 cm.

12N
force = ................................................ [3]

(b) Fig. 3.1 shows the arrangement for an experiment on moments.

spring
pivot
F

metre rule

Fig. 3.1

The spring exerts a force F on the metre rule.

(i) On Fig. 3.1, mark another quantity which must be measured to find the moment of
the force F. [1]

(ii) State how the moment of the force F is calculated.

F1 times d1
..................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................ [1]

[Total: 5]

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2 A student sets up the apparatus shown in Fig. 2.1 in order to find the resultant of the two
tensions T1 and T2 acting at P. When the tensions T1, T2 and T3 are balanced, the angles
between T1 and the vertical and T2 and the vertical are as marked on Fig. 2.1.

pulley

vertical
pulley T1 = 6.0 N T2 = 8.0 N board
44°
69°

T3

Fig. 2.1

In the space below, draw a scale diagram of the forces T1 and T2. Use the diagram to find the
resultant of the two forces.

State

(a) the scale used, Limit of proportionality

scale = ........................................

(b) the value of the resultant, force is proportional to the extension

value = ........................................

(c) the direction of the resultant. vertically upwards

direction = ........................................
[Total : 6]
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3 In an experiment, forces are applied to a spring as shown in Fig. 2.1a. The results of this
experiment are shown in Fig. 2.1b.

16
R
Q

12
ruler force/N
spring
8.0 P

4.0

weights

0
0 2.0 4.0 6.0
extension/mm

Fig. 2.1a Fig. 2.1b

(a) What is the name given to the point marked Q on Fig. 2.1b?
limit of proportionality
......................................................................................................................................[1]

(b) For the part OP of the graph, the spring obeys Hooke’s Law.
State what this means.

force is proportional to the extension

..........................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................[1]

PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com
 (c) The spring is stretched until the force and extension are shown by the point R on the
graph. Compare how the spring stretches, as shown by the part of the graph OQ, with
that shown by QR.
Q to R extension/unit force more however expressed
..........................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................[1]

(d) The part OP of the graph shows the spring stretching according to the expression

F = kx.

Use values from the graph to calculate the value of k.

4 N/mm
k =..................................[2]

[ Total : 5 ]

PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com
4 A mass of 3.0 kg accelerates at 2.0 m/s2 in a straight line.

(a) State why the velocity and the acceleration are both described as vector quantities.
they both have direction
..........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) Calculate the force required to accelerate the mass.

6N
force = ………………. [2]

(c) The mass hits a wall.

The average force exerted on the wall during the impact is 120 N.
The area of the mass in contact with the wall at impact is 0.050 m2.
Calculate the average pressure that the mass exerts on the wall during the impact.

2400 N/m2 [2]

pressure = ……………….

[ Total : 5 ]

PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com
5 Fig. 2.1 shows apparatus for investigating moments of forces.

spring
balance horizontally balanced
metre rule

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

horizontal pivot
6.0 N
weight

Fig. 2.1

The uniform metre rule shown in Fig. 2.1 is in equilibrium.

(a) Write down two conditions for the metre rule to be in equilibrium.

sum of downward forces=sum of upward forces

condition 1 ........................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

total clockwise moment=total anti clockwise moment

condition 2 ........................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [2]

(b) Show that the value of the reading on the spring balance is 8.0 N. [2]

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 (c) The weight of the uniform metre rule is 1.5 N.

Calculate the force exerted by the pivot on the metre rule.

0.5N
magnitude of force = …………………………………

downwards
direction of force ………………………………… [2]

[ Total : 6 ]

PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com
6 A large spring is repeatedly stretched by an athlete to increase the strength of his arms.
Fig. 3.1 is a table showing the force required to stretch the spring.

extension of spring / m 0.096 0.192 0.288 0.384

force exerted to produce extension / N 250 500 750 1000

Fig. 3.1

(a) (i) State Hooke’s law.

extension proportional to load

...................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................[1]

(ii) Use the results in Fig. 3.1 to show that the spring obeys Hooke’s law.

[1]

(b) Another athlete using a different spring exerts an average force of 400 N to enable her
to extend the spring by 0.210 m.

(i) Calculate the work done by this athlete in extending the spring once.

84J
work done = …………………

(ii) She is able to extend the spring by this amount and to release it 24 times in 60 s.
Calculate the power used by this athlete while doing this exercise.

33.6W
power = …………………
[4]

[ Total : 6 ]

PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com
7 Fig. 1.1 shows apparatus that may be used to compare the strengths of two springs of the
same size, but made from different materials.

spring

scale

masses

Fig. 1.1

(a) (i) Explain how the masses produce a force to stretch the spring.

force of gravity acts on weight

...................................................................................................................................

(ii) Explain why this force, like all forces, is a vector quantity.

because it has direction

...................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................
[2]

(b) Fig. 1.2 shows the graphs obtained when the two springs are stretched.

20
force/N spring
in 1
ing
15
sp iing
n 2
spring
10
5
0
0 10 20 30 40
extension/mm

Fig. 1.2

PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com
 (i) State which spring is more difficult to extend. Quote values from the graphs to
support your answer.

spring 1
...................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................

(ii) On the graph of spring 2, mark a point P at the limit of proportionality. Explain your
choice of point P.

25mm to 28mm
...................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................

(iii) Use the graphs to find the difference in the extensions of the two springs when a
force of 15 N is applied to each one.

6mm
difference in extensions = ..................................
[6]

[Total : 8]

PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com
8 Fig. 3.1 shows the arm of a crane when it is lifting a heavy box.

1220 N
950 N

40° 30°

box

Fig. 3.1

(a) By the use of a scale diagram (not calculation) of the forces acting at P, find the weight
of the box. [5]

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(b) Another box of weight 1500 N is raised vertically by 3.0 m.

(i) Calculate the work done on the box.

4500J
work done = ..................................

(ii) The crane takes 2.5 s to raise this box 3.0 m. Calculate the power output of the
crane.

1800W
power = ..................................
[4]

[ Total : 9 ]

PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com