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Tutorial 9 - Non-Linear Time History Analysis

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171 views

Tutorial 9 - Non-Linear Time History Analysis

Uploaded by

KritamMaharjan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Advance Design America™ (ADA)

TUTORIAL 9

Non-Linear Time
History Analysis

2015
 Graitec Inc 1995-2015
N O N - L I N E A R T I M E H I S T O R Y

Non Linear Time History


Location of Friction Dampers in the Structure
• Perform a modal and spectral analysis of the structure.
• Take note of the maximum forces in bracings (tension and compression).
• Choose the members that should behave as elastoplastic members. They
will absorb the user-defined tension and compression forces (Behavior tab
of the Member Characteristics dialog box).
We recommend placing one PALL system per story, into different bays.
This small building will be analyzed with Pall members.

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A D A T U T O R I A L 9

Project Configuration
Analysis tab
• Activate a non-linear type of static analysis. Modify parameters for non-
linear analysis, if required.

Seismic tab
• Select an accelerogram and enter the duration. Its time pitch is initialized.
Enter the maximum horizontal and vertical accelerations and select the
"Add vertical effects" option in the Non-linear Time History section of the
dialog box.
• Use a tolerance of 1 kN to facilitate convergence.
Non-linear analyses are not calibrated. If you want to factor non-linear time
history analysis, apply load factors in the Load Combinations spreadsheet.

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Modeling Members as Friction Dampers


• Activate the Structure mode and select members that you want to model as
elastoplastic members (friction dampers). Click the Properties icon to
open the Member Characteristics dialog box.

Member tab
• On the Member tab, open the "Behavior" drop-down list and select the
"Elastoplastic" option.

Behavior tab
• Select the Behavior tab. Select an axial elastoplastic mechanism and enter
the maximum tension and compression force that elastoplastic members
can absorb.
When elastoplastic members will attain this value, they will enter into the
plastic phase. You can specify a stiffness ratio to consider when the
maximum plasticity is reached.

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A D A T U T O R I A L 9

• Close the dialog box.

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Load Combinations
Use the Load Combination Generator to generate load combinations
according to CNB-2005. Select the "Non-linear Time History Envelope (Etnl)"
option and click the "Next" button.

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A D A T U T O R I A L 9

Click the "Next" button and then, the "Finish" button.

Generated Load Combinations

9-6
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Modal Analysis
Click this icon to open the Modal Analysis dialog box and select the
Mass load combination. Click the "Analyze" button to launch the modal
analysis.

This modal analysis is a standard one and considers all members as elastic
members.

Non-Linear Seismic Direction


• When the modal analysis is completed, select the Non-Linear Seismic
Directions spreadsheet (Loads / Seismic Directions menu). For each
elastoplastic load combination, enter a value of 1.0 (meaning 100% of
modal contribution acting in this direction) for the direction that you want
to study.

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A D A T U T O R I A L 9

The last columns are completed when the non-linear time history analysis is
completed.
Studying the Second Seismic Direction
If elastoplastic members are modeled in the two directions of a building, you
can analyze both directions in one analysis depending on the computer
memory and the structure complexity (a lot of nodes).
IF THE PROJECT IS SMALL:

If your project is quite simple, create additional elastoplastic load


combinations. (Use the Duplicate function in contextual menu, to copy a
load combination along with the corresponding load factors).

The second non-linear seismic direction will be assigned to these load


combinations, as shown below.

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IF THE PROJECT IS COMPLEX:

To save time and computer memory, do as follows:


• Perform the non-linear time history analysis for one seismic direction only.
Consult the results and rename the file.
• Select the Non-linear Seismic Directions spreadsheet and change the
direction of analysis.
• Launch the non-linear time history analysis right away. Do not launch the
modal analysis or the non-linear static analysis because results will be lost!

Non-Linear Static Analysis


• Perform a non-linear static analysis by clicking this icon.

Selection of Nodes
A custom node selection should be created before launching the analysis. This
custom selection is selected in the Non-linear Time History dialog box.
Otherwise, the analysis could be very long if it calculates displacements for all
nodes in the project.
• Select a few nodes for which you want to obtain displacements and select
Edit / Select / Create a selection. Enter a name to the selection.

• Click the OK button.

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A D A T U T O R I A L 9

Non-Linear Time History Analysis


• Open the non-linear time history analysis dialog box by clicking this
icon.
• Select the node selection and press the "Analyze" button to launch the
analysis.
Note: The first modal analysis that was launched at the beginning was
considering all members as elastic. This second modal analysis includes
members having a linear behavior only. During the analysis, the calculated
forces in members that have a non-linear behavior are added to the time
history forces.

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Results
The Load Combination mode is activated.
• Select an elastoplastic load combination on the Activate toolbar.
• Display node numbers with the View Options dialog box.
• Select Results / Time History / Node Displacements in Time,
Reactions in Time, Forces in Time, or Forces and Deflections.

Node Displacements in Time


This function is used to view the node displacements in time or differential
displacements between two nodes.
• Enter a node number (or two) and select a seismic direction in the
"Direction" drop-down list. Click the "Reading" button.

Forces in Time
This function is used to view the forces in time for elastoplastic members.
• Select an elastoplastic load combination on the Activate toolbar.
• Select an elastoplastic member number in the drop-down list. Click the
"Reading" button.

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A D A T U T O R I A L 9

Forces and Deflections - Hysteresis Loops


A hysteresis loop is a cyclic curve that represents member forces-deflections or
moments-rotations and defines the elastic behavior for an element or structural
system. (Ref. Éléments de génie parasismique et de calcul dynamique des structures,
André Filiatrault, 1996)
This function is used to view the member forces and deflections (hysteresis
loop) in time.
• Select an elastoplastic load combination on the Activate toolbar.
• Select an elastoplastic member in the drop-down list.
• Click the "Reading" button.

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Note: If discontinuities appear in the diagram, reduce the time pitch in the
Seismic tab and launch the analyses again.

CivilDesign Inc 9-13

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