Thermal Physics

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Exercise - I
TEMPERATURE & THERMAL EXPANSION 7. Two thermometers X and Y have ice points
1. At what temperature does the temperature in marked at 15° and 25° and steam points
Celsius and Fahrenheit equalise marked as 75° and 125° respectively. When
(1) –40° (2) 40° (3) 36.6° (4) 38° thermometer X measures the temperature of
a bath as 60° on it, what would thermometer
2. A difference of temperature of 25° C is
Y read when it is used to measure the
equivalent to a difference of :
temperature of the same bath?
(1) 45° F (2) 72° F (1) 60° (2) 75° (3) 100° (4) 90°
(3) 32° F (4) 25° F 8. The figure below shows four isotropic solids
3. Which of the curves in figure represents the having positive coefficient of thermal
relation between Celsius and Fahrenheit expansion. A student predicts that on heating
temperature? the solid following things can happen. Mark
C true (T) or False (F) for comments made by
c the student.
b
A
F 
B
d a
(i) The angle  in figure (1) will not change.
(ii) The length of line in figure (2) will decrease.
(1) Curve a (2) Curve b
(iii) The radius of inner hole will decrease.
(3) Curve c (4) Curve d (iv) The distance AB will increase.
4. The graph AB shown in figure is a plot of (1) T F F T (2) F T T F (3) T T T T (4) F F T F
temperature of a body in degree Celsius and 9. At STP a rod is hung from a frame as shown in
degree Fahrenheit. Then figure, leaving a small gap between the rod
and floor. The frame and rod system is heated
100°C B uniformly upto 350 K. Then
Centigrade

Rod

32°F 212°F Fahrenheit

A
(1) The rod will never touch the floor in any case.
(1) slope of line AB is 9/5 (2) If rod > frame, then rod may touch the floor.
(2) slope of line AB is 5/9 (3) If rod < frame, then rod may touch the floor.
(3) slope of line AB is 1/9 (4) None of the above
(4) slope of line AB is 3/9 10. The volume of a metal sphere increases by
5. Oxygen boils at –183°C. This temperature is 0.15% when its temperature is raised by
approximately in Fahrenheit is :- 24°C.The coefficient of linear expansion of
(1) –329°F (2) –261°F metal is :
(3) –215°F (4) –297°F (1) 2.5 × 10–5/°C (2) 2.0 × 10–5/°C
(3) –1.5 × 10–5/°C (4) 1.2 × 10–5/°C
6. Using which of the following instrument, the
11. Suppose there is a hole in a copper plate. On
temperature of the sun can be determined?
heating the plate, diameter of hole, would :
(1) Platinum thermometer (1) always increase
(2) Gas thermometer (2) always decrease
(3) Pyrometer (3) always remain the same
(4) Vapour pressure thermometer (4) none of these
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12. The table gives the initial length 0, change in 19. Two identical masses of 5 kg each fall on a
wheel from a height of 10m. The wheel
temperature T and change in length  of
disturbs a mass of 2kg water, the rise in
four rods. Which rod has greatest coefficient temperature of water will be :
of linear expansion (1) 2.6° C (2) 1.2° C
Rod 0(m) T(°C) (m) (3) 0.32° C (4) 0.12° C
A1 1 100 1 20. A block of mass 2.5 kg is heated to temperature of
A2 1 100 2 500°C and placed on a large ice block. What is the
A3 1.5 50 3 maximum amount of ice that can melt (approx.).
A4 2.5 20 4 Specific heat for the body = 0.1 cal/g°C.
(1) A1 (2) A2 (3) A3 (4) A4 (1) 1 kg (2) 1.5 kg (3) 2 kg (4) 2.5 kg
13. An iron bar (Young’s modulus = 1011 N/m2, 21. 1 kg of ice at –10°C is mixed with 4.4 kg of
 = 10–6 /°C) 1 m long and 10–3 m2 in area is water at 30°C. The final temperature of
heated from 0°C to 100°C without being mixture is: (specific heat of ice = 2100 J/kg-k)
allowed to bend or expand. Find the (1) 2.3°C (2) 4.4°C (3) 5.3°C (4) 8.7°C
compressive force developed inside the bar. 22. The amount of heat required to convert 1 g of
(1) 10,000 N (2) 1000 N ice at 0°C into steam at 100°C, is
(3) 5000 N (4) 105 N (1) 716 cal. (2) 500 cal.
14. A rod of length 2m rests on smooth horizontal (3) 180 cal. (4) 100 cal.
floor. If the rod is heated from 0°C to 20°C. 23. The latent heat for vapourisation for 1 g water
Find the longitudinal strain developed? is 536 cal. Its value in Joule/kg will be :-
( = 5 × 10–5/°C) (1) 2.25 × 106 (2) 2.25 × 103
(1) 10–3 (2) 2×10–3 (3) Zero (4) None (3) 2.25 (4) None of these
CALORIMETRY 24. If 10 g ice at 0°C is mixed with 10 g water at
15. A body of mass 5 kg falls from a height of 20°C, the final temperature will be :-
30 metre. If its all mechanical energy is changed (1) 50°C (2) 10°C (3) 0°C (4) 15°C
into heat, then heat produced will be:-
25. 420 joule of energy supplied to 10 g of water
(1) 350 cal (2) 150 cal (3) 60 cal (4) 6 cal
will raise its temperature by nearly :-
16. A bullet moving with velocity v collides
(1) 1°C (2) 4.2°C (3) 10°C (4) 42°C
against wall. consequently half of its kinetic
26. A solid material is supplied with heat at a
energy is converted into heat. If the whole
constant rate. The temperature of material is
heat is acquired by the bullet, the rise in
changing with heat input as shown in the
temperature will be:–
(1) v2/4S (2) 4v2/2S (3) v2/2S (4) v2/S figure. What does slope DE represent.
y
17. The amount of heat required in converting
Temperature

1 g ice at –10°C into steam at 100°C will be :– E

(1) 3028 J (2) 6056 J (3) 721 J (4) 616 J
C D
18. 2 kg ice at – 20°C is mixed with 5 kg water at A B
20°C. Then final amount of water in the x
O Heat Input
mixture would be;
Given specific heat of ice = 0.5 cal/g°C, (1) latent heat of liquid
Specific heat of water = 1 cal/g°C, (2) latent heat of vapour
Latent heat of fusion for ice = 80 cal/g. (3) heat capacity of vapour
(1) 6 kg (2) 5 kg (3) 4 kg (4) 2 kg (4) inverse of heat capacity of vapour
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27. The graph shown in the figure represent Column–I Column–II
change in the temperature of 5 kg of a (A) Value of Q1 (in cal) (P) 800
substance as it absorbs heat at a constant rate (B) Value of Q2 (in cal) (Q) 1000
(C) Value of Q3 (in cal) (R) 5400
of 42 kJ min–1. The latent heat of vaporization
(D) Value of Q4 (in cal) (S) 212
of the substance is :
(T) 900
(1) A→S; B→P; C→Q; D→T
225
(2) A→P; B→S; C→Q; D→R
Temperature (°C)

200
175 (3) A→P; B→S; C→R; D→Q
150
125 (4) A→S; B→P; C→Q; D→R
100 31. The thermal capacity of any body is
75
50
(1) a measure of its capacity to absorb heat
25 (2) a measure of its capacity to provide heat
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 (3) the quantity of heat required to raise its
time (min) temperature by a unit degree
(1) 630 kJ kg–1 (2) 126 kJ kg–1 (4) the quantity of heat required to raise the
temperature of a unit mass of the body by
(3) 84 kJ kg–1 (4) 12.6 kJ kg–1 a unit degree
28. A block of ice with mass m falls into a lake. 32. 2 litre water at 27°C is heated by a 1 kW heater
After impact, a mass of ice m/5 melts. Both in an open container. On an average heat is lost
the block of ice and the lake have a to surroundings at the rate 160 J/s. The time
required for the temperature to reach 77°C is
temperature of 0°C. If L represents the heat of
(1) 8 min 20 sec (2) 10 min
fusion, the minimum distance the ice fell (3) 7 min (4) 14 min
before striking the surface is 33. A 2100 W continuous flow geyser (instant
L 5L gL mL geyser) has water inlet temperature = 10°C
(1) (2) (3) (4) while the water flows out at the rate of 20 g/s.
5g g 5m 5g
The outlet temperature of water must be about
29. 10 g of ice at 0°C is kept in a calorimeter of (1) 20°C (2) 30°C (3) 35°C (4) 40°C
water equivalent 10 g. How much heat should 34. The ratio of coefficient of thermal
be supplied to the apparatus to evaporate the conductivity of two different materials is 5:3.
water thus formed? (Neglect loss of heat) If the thermal resistance of rods of same area
of these material is same, then what is ratio of
(1) 6200 cal (2) 7200 cal
length of these rods-
(3) 13600 cal (4) 8200 cal (1) 3:5 (2) 5:3 (3) 25:9 (4) 9:25
30. Figure shows the temperature variation 35. Rate of heat flow through a cylindrical rod is
when heat is added continuously to a Q1. Temperatures of ends of rod are T1 and T2.
If all the linear dimensions of the rod become
specimen of ice (10 g) at –40 °C at constant
double and temperature difference remains
rate. (Specific heat of ice = 0.53 cal/g °C and same, it's rate of heat flow is Q2, then :–
Lice = 80 cal/g, Lwater= 540 cal/g) (1) Q1 = 2Q2 (2) Q2 = 2Q1
Temp. (°C) (3) Q2 = 4Q1 (4) Q1 = 4Q2
100 36. A heat flux of 4000 J/s is to be passed through a
copper rod of length 10 cm and area of cross
section 100 cm2. The thermal conductivity of
copper is 400 W/m°C. The two ends of this rod
0
Q(cal) must be kept at a temperature difference of
–40 (1) 1°C (2) 10°C
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 (3) 100°C (4) 1000°C
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37. The coefficient of thermal conductivity of 42. Gravitational force is required for –
copper is nine times that of steel. In the (1) Stirring of liquid (2) Convection
composite cylindrical bar shown in the figure (3) Conduction (4) Radiation
what will be the temperature at the junction 43. The layers of atmosphere are heated through -
of copper and steel? (1) Convection (2) Conduction
100°C 0°C
(3) Radiation (4) 2 and 3 both
44. The lengths and radii of two rods made of
copper steel same material are in the ratios 1 : 2 and 2 : 3
18 cm 6 cm respectively. If the temperature difference
between the ends for the two rods be the
(1) 75°C (2) 67°C
same then in the steady state. The amount of
(3) 33°C (4) 25°C
heat flowing per second through them will be
38. The figure shows the face and interface
in the ratio of
temperature of a composite slab containing of (1) 1 : 3 (2) 4 : 3 (3) 8 : 9 (4) 3 : 2
four layers of two materials having identical 45. Two metal rods, 1 & 2 of same length have
thickness. Under steady state condition, find same temperature difference between their
the value of temperature  ends, their thermal conductivities are K1 & K2
20°C 10°C  –5°C –10°C and cross sectional areas A1 & A2 respectively.
What is required condition for same rate of
k 2k k 2k heat conduction in them.
(1) K1 = K2 (2) K1 A1 = K2 A2
K1 K 2 K K
k = thermal conductivity (3) = (4) 21 = 22
A1 A 2 1 2
(1) 5°C (2) 10°C (3) –15°C (4) 15°C
46. The temperature of hot and cold end of a
39. Three rods made of the same material and
20 cm long rod in thermal steady state are at
having the same cross-section have been 100°C and 20°C respectively. Temperature at
joined as shown in the figure. Each rod is of the centre of the rod is
the same length. The left and right ends are (1) 50°C (2) 60°C (3) 40°C (4) 30°C
kept at 0°C and 90°C respectively. The 47. Consider a compound slab consisting of two
temperature of the junction of the three rods different materials having equal thicknesses and
will be : thermal conductivities K and 2K, respectively.
90°C The equivalent thermal conductivity of the slab is
0°C 4 2
(1) 3K (2) K (3) K (4) 2 K
90°C 3 3
(1) 45°C (2) 60°C (3) 30°C (4) 20°C 48. Under steady state, the temperature of a body
40. The coefficient of thermal conductivity (1) Increases with time
depends upon- (2) Decreases with time
(1) Temperature difference of two ends (3) Does not change with time and is same at
(2) Area of the plate all the points of the body
(3) Thickness of the plate (4) Does not change with time but is different
(4) Material of the plate at different points of the body
49. The area of the glass of a window of a room is
41. Which of the following cylindrical rods will
10m2 and thickness 2 mm. The outer and
conduct most heat, when their ends are
inner temperature are 40°C and 20°C
maintained at the same steady temperature
respectively. Thermal conductivity of glass in
(1) Length 1 m; radius 1 cm MKS system is 0.2 then heat flowing in the
(2) Length 2 m; radius 1 cm room per second will be -
(3) Length 2 m; radius 2 cm (1) 3 × 104 joules (2) 2 × 104 joules
(4) Length 1 m; radius 2 cm (3) 30 joules (4) 45 joules
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50. If the coefficient of conductivity of aluminium is 57. Mud houses are cooler in summer and
0.5cal/cm-sec-°C, then in order to conduct warmer in winter because
10cal/sec-cm2 in the steady state, the (1) Mud is super conductor of heat
temperature gradient in aluminium must be (2) Mud is good conductor of heat
(1) 5°C/cm (2) 10°C/cm (3) Mud is bad conductor of heat
(3) 20°C/cm (4) 10.5°C/cm
(4) None of these
51. The dimensional formula for thermal
resistance is 58. Two walls of thicknesses d1 and d2 and
(1) M–1L–2T3 (2) M–1L–2T–3 thermal conductivity K1 and K2 are in contact.
(3) ML T 
2 –2 (4) ML2T2–1 In the steady state, if the temperatures at the
52. The material used in the manufacture of cooker outer surface are T1 and T2, the temperature
must have (K-coefficient of thermal at the common wall is-
conductivity, S - specific heat of material used) : K T d + K 2T2d1 K T + K 2T2
(1) high K and low S (2) low K and low S (1) 1 1 2 (2) 1 1
K1d2 + K 2d1 d1 + d2
(3) high K and high S (4) low K and high S
53. The cause of air currents from ocean to  K d + K2d2  K1d1T1 + K 2d2T2
(3)  1 1  T1T2 (4)
ground is example of  T1 + T2  K1d1 + K 2d2
(1) The specific heat of water is more than
59. In which of the following phenomenon heat
that of sand
convection does not take place
(2) Convection
(3) Radiation (1) land and sea breeze
(4) Diffraction (2) boiling of water
54 On a cold morning, a person will feel metal (3) heating of glass surface due to filament of
surface colder to touch than a wooden surface the bulb
because (4) air around the furnace
(1) Metal has high specific heat 60. In natural convection, a heated portion of a
(2) Metal has high thermal conductivity liquid moves because :
(3) Metal has low specific heat (1) Its molecular motion becomes aligned
(4) Metal has low thermal conductivity
(2) Of molecular collisions within it
55. The ratio of the diameters of two metallic rods
of the same material is 2 : 1 and their lengths are (3) Its density is less than that of the surrounding
in the ratio 1 : 4. If the temperature difference fluid
between them are equal, the rate of flow of heat (4) Of currents of the surrounding fluid
in them will be in the ratio of - 61. It is hotter at the same distance over the top
(1) 2 : 1 (2) 4 : 1 (3) 8 : 1 (4) 16 : 1 of a fire than it is in the side of it, mainly
56. Two bars of thermal conductivities K and 3K because
and lengths 1 cm and 2 cm respectively have (1) Air conducts heat upwards
equal cross-sectional area. they are joined (2) Heat is radiated upwards
length wise as shown in the figure. If the
(3) Convection takes more heat upwards
temperature at the ends of this composite bar
(4) Convection, conduction and radiation all
is 0°C and 100°C respectively (see figure),
then the temperature of the interface () is contribute significantly transferring heat
 upward
RADIATION
0°C K 3K 100°C
62. A spherical body of area A, and emissivity
1 cm 2 cm e = 0.6 is kept inside a black body. What is the
rate at which energy is radiated per second at
100
(1) 50°C (2) °C temperature T.
3
(1) 0.6  AT4 (2) 0.4  AT4
200
(3) 60°C (4) °C (3) 0.8  AT4 (4) 1.0  AT4
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63. Radius of two spheres of same material are 71. The m – T curve for a perfect black body is –
1 & 4 m respectively and their temperature (m → frequency corresponding to maximum
are 4103 and 2103 K respectively. Then emission of radiation)
ratio of emitted energy of spheres per sec.
D
will be - B
C
(1) 1:2 (2) 2:1 (3) 1:1 (4) 4:1 m
64. Cooling rate of a sphere of 600 K at external
environment (200 K) is R. When the A
temperature of sphere is reduced to 400 K T
then cooling rate of the sphere becomes : (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
3 16 9 72. Two stars appear to be red and blue, what is
(1) R (2) R (3) R (4) None
16 3 27 true about them -
65. If temperature of ideal black body increased (1) The red star is nearer
by 10%, then percentage increase in quantity (2) The blue star is nearer
of radiation emitted from it's surface will be :- (3) The temperature of red star is more
(1) 10% (2) 40% (4) The temperature of blue star is more
(3) 46% (4) 100% 73. The temperature of a furnace is 2324°C and the
66. The rectangular surface of area 8cm × 4 cm of intensity is maximum in its radiation spectrum
a black body at a temperature of 127°C emits nearly at 12000A°. If the intensity in the
energy at the rate of E. If the length and spectrum of a star is maximum nearly at 4800A°,
breadth of the surface are each reduced to
then the surface temperature of star is
half of the initial value and the temperature is
(1) 8400°C (2) 7200°C
raised to 327°C, the rate of emission of energy
(3) 6219.5°C (4) 5900°C
will become.
74. There is a black spot on a body. If the body is
3 81 9 81
(1) E (2) E (3) E (4) E heated and carried in a dark room then it
8 16 16 64 glows more. This can be explained on the
67. The rate of emission of radiation of a black
basis of –
body at 273°C is E, then the rate of emission
(1) Newton's law of cooling
of radiation of this body at 0°C will be
(2) Wein's law
E E E
(1) (2) (3) (4) 0 (3) Kirchhoff's law
16 4 8 (4) Stefan's law
68. If a liquid takes 30 s in cooling from 95°C to 75. The colour of a star is an indication of its -
90°C and 70 s in cooling from 55°C to 50°C
(1) Weight (2) Distance
then temperature of room is -
(3) Temperature (4) Size
(1) 16.5°C (2) 22.5°C
76. If a carved black utensil is heated to high
(3) 28.5°C (4) 32.5°C
temperature and then brought in dark then :
69. The thermal capacities of two bodies are in the
(1) Both utensil and its carving will shine
ratio of 1:4. If the rate of loss of heat are equal for
(2) Only carving will shine
the two bodies under identical conditions of
surroundings, then the ratio of rate of fall of (3) Only utensil will shine
temperature of the two bodies is - (4) None of the utensil and carving will shine
(1) 1:4 (2) 4:1 (3) 1:8 (4) 8:1 77. According to Newton's law of cooling, the rate
70. Newton's law of cooling is used in laboratory of cooling of a body is proportional to :–
for the determination of the (1) Temperature of the body
(1) Specific heat of the gases (2) Temperature of the surrounding
(2) The latent heat of gases (3) Fourth power of the temperature of body
(3) Specific heat of liquids (4) Difference of the temperature of the body
(4) Latent heat of liquids and the surrounding.
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78. The original temperature of a black body is 727°C. 86. If a piece of metal is heated to temperature
Calculate temperature at which total radiant  and then allowed to cool in a room which is
energy from this black body becomes double : at temperature 0, the graph between the
(1) 971 K (2) 1190 K temperature T of the metal and time t will be
(3) 2001 K (4) 1458 K closest to
T T
79. Ratio of radius of curvature of cylindrical
emitters of same material is 1:4 and their
(1) (2) 
temperature are in ratio 2:1. Then ratio of 0 0

amount of heat emitted by them is – t t

O O
(For Cylinder length = radius)
T T
(1) 2:1 (2) 1:1 (3) 4:1 (4) 1:4
80. The ideal black body is : (3) (4)
0
(1) Hot coal at high temperature
(2) Surface of glass printed with coal tar O t O t
(3) Metal surface 87. A liquid in a beaker has temperature  at time
(4) A hollow container painted with black colour t and 0 is temperature of surroundings, then
81. The energy emitted per second by a black according to Newton's law of cooling, correct
body at 27°C is 10 J. If temperature of the graph between loge( – 0) and t is:
black body is increased to 327°C, the energy loge(– 0)

loge(– 0)
emitted per second will be :-
(1) 20 J (2) 40 J (3) 80 J (4) 160 J (1) (2)
82. Energy is being emitted from the surface of
black body at 127°C at the rate of 1.0 × 106 J/s
m2. The temperature of black body at which t t
the rate of energy is 16.0 × 106 J/s m2 will be :
loge(– 0)

loge(– 0)
(1) 754°C (2) 527°C
(3) 254°C (4) 508°C (3) (4)
83. Solar constant for earth is 2 cal/min cm2, if
distance of mercury from sun is 0.4 times 0
0 t t
than distance of earth from sun then solar
constant for mercury will be? 88. A bucket full of hot water cools from 75°C to
70°C in time T1, from 70°C to 650C in time
(1) 12.5 cal/min cm2 (2) 25 cal/min cm2
T2 and from 65°C to 60°C in time T3, then
(3) 0.32 cal/min cm2 (4) 2 cal/min cm2
(1) T1 = T2 = T3 (2) T1 > T2 > T3
84. Two spherical bodies A (radius 6 cm) and B (3) T1 < T2 < T3 (4) T1 > T2 < T3
(radius 18 cm) are at temperature T1 and T2 89. The Wein's displacement law express
respectively. The maximum intensity in the relation between :-
emission spectrum of A is at 500 nm and in (1) Wavelength corresponding to maximum
that of B is at 1500 nm. Considering them to energy and temperature.
be black bodies, what will be the ratio of the (2) Radiation energy and wavelength
rate of total energy radiated by A to that of B? (3) Temperature and wavelength
(1) 9 (2) 6 (3) 12 (4) 3 (4) Colour of light and temperature
85. Star S1 emits maximum radiation of wavelength 90. Four identical calorimeters painted in different
420 nm and the star S2 emits maximum colours, are heated to same temperature and then
allowed to cool in vacuum. Which will cool fastest?
radiation of wavelength 560 nm, what is the
(1) One which is painted bright
ratio of the temperature of S1 and S2 :
(2) One which is painted thick white
(1) 4/3 (2) (4/3)1/4 (3) One which is painted thick black
(3) 3/4 (4) (3/4)1/2 (4) One which is painted bright white
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91. A body cools from 60°C to 50°C in 10 minutes. 97. If e and a be the emissive power and
If the room temperature is 25°C and absorption power respectively of a body and
assuming Newton's cooling law holds good, E be the emissive power of an ideal black
the temperature of the body at the end of next body, then from Kirchhoff's laws
10 minutes is : (1) a = E / e (2) a / e = E
(1) 45°C (2) 42.85°C (3) 40°C (4) 38.5°C (3) e / a = E (4) e = E / a
92. As compared to the person with white skin, 98. A liquid takes 5 min. to cool from 80°C to 50°C.
the person with black skin will experience How much time it will take to cool from 60°C to
(1) Less heat and more cold 30°C. Temperature of surroundings is 20°C –
(2) More heat and more cold (1) 15 min. (2) 20 min.
(3) More heat and less cold (3) 100 min. (4) 9 min.
(4) Less heat and less cold 99. A cup of tea cools from 80°C to 60°C in one
93. We consider the radiation emitted by the minute. The ambient temperature is 30°C. In
human body. Which of the following statements cooling from 60°C to 50°C, it will take :
is true? (1) 50 sec. (2) 90 sec
(1) The radiation is emitted during the (3) 60 sec. (4) 48 sec.
summers and absorbed during the winters 100. If m denotes the wavelength at which the
(2) The radiation emitted lies in the ultraviolet radiation emission from a black body at a
region and hence is not visible temperature T K is maximum then :
(3) The radiation emitted is in the infra-red (1) m  T (2) m  T2
region (3) m  T–1 (4) m  T-2
(4) The radiation is emitted only during the day 101. A body is in thermal equilibrium with the
94. Shown below are the black body radiation surrounding:
curves at temperatures T1 and T2 (T2 > T1). (1) It will stop emitting heat radiation
Which of the following plots is correct :– (2) Amount of radiation emitted and absorbed
by it will be equal
(3) It will emit heat radiation at faster rate
(1) I (2) I (4) It will emit heat radiation slowly
T2 T2
T1 T1 102. Which of the following statement is correct
 
for ideal black body :
(1) This absorbs visible radiation only.
(2) This absorbs infrared radiation only
(3) I (4) T1
T2 I (3) This absorbs half of radiation only and
T1 T2
 
reflects the half
(4) This totally absorbs heat radiation of all
95. The radii of two spheres made of same metal
the wavelengths
are r and 2r. These are heated to the same
103. Two spheres P and Q of same colour having
temperature and placed in the same
radii 8 cm and 2 cm are maintained at
surrounding. The ratio of rates of decrease of
temperatures 127°C and 527°C respectively.
their temperature will be
The ratio of energy radiated by P and Q is –
(1) 1 : 1 (2) 4 : 1 (3) 1 : 4 (4) 2 : 1 (1) 0.054 (2) 0.0034
96. If E is the total energy emitted by a body at a (3) 1 (4) 2
temperature T K and Emax is the maximum 104. On increasing the temperature of a black
spectral energy emitted by it at the same body, wavelength for maximum emission.
temperature, then- (1) Shifts towards smaller wavelength
(1) E  T4 ;Emax  T5 (2) E  T4 ;Emax  T −5 (2) Shifts towards greater wavelength
(3) Does not shift
(3) E  T −4 ;Emax  T4 (4) E  T5 ;E max  T4 (4) Depends on the shape of source.
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105. A solid cube and sphere are made of same 112. On reducing temperature of surface to one
substance and both have same surface area. If third, amount of radiation becomes :-
the temperature of both bodies 120° C then : 1 1 1 1
(1) Both will loss of Heat by same rate (1) (2) (3) (4)
27 81 9 3
(2) Rate of loss of Heat of cube will be more
113. The absorptive power of a perfectly black
than that of the sphere
body is
(3) Rate of loss of Heat of the sphere will be
more than that of the cube (1) zero (2) infinity (3) 1.5 (4) 1.0
(4) Rate of loss of Heat will be more for that KTG & GAS LAWS AND IDEAL GAS EQUATION
whose mass is more 114. Find the approximate number of molecules
106. Two spheres of radii in the ratio 1 : 2 and contained in a vessel of volume 7 litres at 0°C
densities in the ratio 2 : 1 and of same specific at 1.3 × 105 pascals
heat, are heated to same temperature and left (1) 2.4 × 1023 (2) 3 × 1023
in the same surrounding. Their rate of falling (3) 6 × 10 23 (4) 4.8 × 1023
temperature will be in the ratio : 115. A real gas behaves like an ideal gas if its
(1) 2 :1 (2) 1 : 1 (3) 1 : 2 (4) 1 : 4 (1) pressure and temperature are both high
107. A black body at 200 K is found to emit (2) pressure and temperature are both low
maximum energy at a wavelength 14 m. (3) pressure is high and temperature is low
When its temperature is raised to 1000 K, (4) pressure is low and temperature is high
then wavelength at which maximum energy 116. Two gases of equal molar amount are in
emitted is:
thermal equilibrium. If Pa, Pb and Va, Vb are
(1) 14 m (2) 15 m
their respective pressures and volumes, then
(3) 2.8 m (4) 28 m
which relation is true:–
108. The spectrum from a black body radiation is a :
(1) line spectrum (1) Pa  Pb, Va = Vb (2) Va = Vb, Va  Vb
(2) band spectrum (3) Pa/Vb = Pb/Vb (4) PaVa = PbVb
(3) continuous spectrum 117. Equal volume of H2, O2 and He gases are at
(4) line & band both same temperature and pressure. Which of
109. The temperature of a perfect black body is these will have large number of molecules :-
727°C and its area is 0.1 m2. If Stefan's (1) H2
constant is 5.67 × 10–8 watt/m2–K4, then heat (2) O2
radiated by it in 1 minute is : (3) He
(1) 8100 cal (2) 81000 cal (4) All the gases will have same number of
(3) 810 cal (4) 81 cal molecules
110. A black body radiates energy at the rate of 118. Gases obey Vander - Waal's equation at :
E watt/m2 at a high temperature T K. When (1) Only normal temperature and pressure
T (2) Only high temperature and high pressure
the temperature is reduced to K, the
2 (3) Only high temperature and low pressure
radiant energy will be (4) All temperature and pressure
E E 119. A box contains N molecules of a gas. If the
(1) (2) (3) 4 E (4) 16 E
16 4 number of molecules is doubled, then the
111. In solar spectrum Fraunhofer's lines are pressure will :-
presents because : (1) Decrease (2) Be same
(1) Definite absorption takes place in (3) Be doubled (4) Get tripled
photosphere of sun.
120. An ideal gas mixture filled inside a balloon expands
(2) Definite absorption takes place in
according to the relation PV2/3 = constant. The
chromosphere of sun.
(3) These wave lengths are not at all emitted temperature inside the balloon is
by sun. (1) increasing (2) decreasing
(4) Nuclear reactions take place in sun. (3) constant (4) can’t be said
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121. A cyclic process ABCA is shown in P–T 129. O2 gas is filled in a cylinder. When pressure is
diagram. When presented on P–V, it would increased 2 times, temperature becomes four
P B A times. then how much times their density will
become :
C 1 1
T (1) 2 (2) 4 (3) (4)
P B 4 2
P B A A
(1) (2) 130. On increasing the temperature of a gas filled
C in a closed container by 1°C its pressure
C
V V increases by 0.4%, then initial temperature of
P the gas is-
B A P A
(3) (4) B (1) 25°C (2) 250°C
C C (3) 250 K (4) 2500°C
V V 131. The variation of PV graph with V of a fixed
122. During an experiment an ideal gas obeys an
mass of a ideal gas at constant temperature is
addition equation of state P2V = constant. The
initial temperature and volume of gas are T graphically represented as shown in figure :
and V respectively. When it expands to
volume 2V, then its temperature will be :
(1) PV (2) PV
(1) T (2) 2 T (3) 2 T (4) 2 2 T
123. 250 litre of an ideal gas is heated at constant V V
pressure from 27°C such that its volume
becomes 500 liters. The final temperature is :
(1) 54°C (2) 300°C (3) 327°C (4) 600°C (3) PV (4) PV
124. A balloon contains 500 m3 of helium at 27°C and
1 atmosphere pressure. The volume of the V
V
helium at –3°C temperature and 0.5 atmosphere
pressure will be- 132. The number of oxygen molecules in a cylinder
(1) 500 m3 (2) 700 m3 of volume 1 m3 at a temperature of 27°C and
(3) 900 m 3 (4) 1000 m3 pressure 13.8 Pa is :
125. A vessel has 6g of oxygen at pressure P and (Boltzmann's constant k = 1.38 × 10–23 JK–1)
temperature 400 K. A small hole is made in it (1) 6.23 × 1026 (2) 0.33 × 1028
so that oxygen leaks out. How much oxygen (3) 3.3 × 1021 (4) None of these
leaks out if the final pressure is P/2 and
133. A cylinder contains 10 kg of gas at pressure of
temperature is 300 K?
(1) 3g (2) 2g (3) 4g (4) 5g 107 N/m2. When final pressure is reduce to
126. Relation PV = RT is given for following 2.5 × 106 N/m2 then quantity of gas taken out
condition for real gas - of the cylinder will be : (temperature of gas is
(1) High temperature and high density constant)
(2) Low temperature and low density (1) 15.2 kg (2) 3.7 kg
(3) High temperature and low density (3) zero (4) 7.5 kg
(4) Low temperature and high density 134. Hydrogen and helium gases of volume V at
127. A container of 5 litre has a gas at pressure of
same temperature T and same pressure P are
0.8 m column of Hg. This is joined to an
evacuated container of 3 litre capacity. The mixed to have same volume V. The resulting
resulting pressure will be:- (At constant temp.) pressure of the mixture will be :
(1) 4/3 (2) 0.5m (3) 2.0m (4) 3/4m (1) P/2
128. At a given temperature, the pressure of an (2) P
ideal gas of density  is proportional to - (3) 2P
1 1 (4) Depending on the relative mass of the
(1) 2 (2) (3) 2 (4) 
  gases
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135. The equation of state for 5g of oxygen at a VARIOUS SPEEDS, DEGREE OF FREEDOM,
pressure P and temperature T occupying a SPECIFIC HEAT CAPACITIES OF GASES AND
volume V, will be :– (where R is the gas MEAN FREE PATH
constant) 142. The root mean square velocity of the
(1) PV = 5 RT (2) PV = (5/2) RT molecules of an ideal gas is :-
(3) PV = (5/16) RT (4) PV = (5/32)RT (1) RT / Mw (2) 3RT / Mw
136. In kinetic theory of gases, it is assumed that
(3) 3RTMw (4) RT /3Mw
molecules :-
143. At constant pressure hydrogen is having
(1) Have same mass but can have different
temperature of 327° C. Till what temperature
volume
it is to be cooled so that the rms velocity of its
(2) Have same volume but masses can be
molecules becomes half of the earlier value :-
different
(1) –123°C (2) 123°C
(3) Have both mass and volume different (3) –100°C (4) 0°C
(4) Have same mass but negligible volume 144. The rms velocity of gas molecules of a given
137. The volume of an ideal gas is V at pressure P amount of a gas at 27°C and 1.0 × 105 N m–2
and temperature T. The mass of each pressure is 200 m sec–1. If temperature and
molecule of the gas in m. The density of gas pressure are respectively 127°C and
will be : - (K is Boltzmann's constant) 0.5 × 105 N m–2, the rms velocity will be :-
(1) mKT (2) Pm / KT (1) 400/ 3 ms–1 (2) 100 2 ms–1
(3) P / KTV (4) P / KT
2
138. The thermodynamic variables of a jar filled (3) 100 2 /3 ms–1 (4) 50 ms–1
3
with gas A are P, V and T and another jar B
145. Two containers of same volume are filled with
filled with another gas are 2P, V/4 and 2T,
atomic Hydrogen and Helium respectively at
where the symbols have their usual meaning.
1 and 2 atm pressure. If the temperature of both
The ratio of the number of molecules of jar A
specimen are same then average speed < CH >
to those of jar B is : for hydrogen atoms will be -
(1) 4 : 1 (2) 2 : 1 (3) 1 : 2 (4) 1 : 1
(1) CH = 2 CHe (2) CH = CHe
139. At N.T.P. volume of a gas is changed to one
fourth volume, at constant temperature then CHe
(3) CH = 2 CHe (4) CH =
the new pressure will be : 2
146. The r.m.s. speed of a gas molecule is 300 m/s.
(1) 2 atm. (2) 25 3 atm.
Calculate the r.m.s. speed if the molecular weight
(3) 4 atm. (4) 1 atm.
is doubled while the temperature is halved-
140. Find the correct relation in given P-V
(1) 300 m/s (2) 150 m/s
diagram:
(3) 600 m/s (4) 75 m/s
(1) T1 = T2 147. The root mean square velocity of hydrogen
P
(2) T1 > T2 T2 molecules at 300 K is 1930 m/s. Then the r.m.s.
(3) T1 < T2 T1 velocity of oxygen molecules at 1200 K will be :
(4) T1 T2 V (1) 482.5 m/s (2) 965.0 m/s
141. Simple behaviour under all conditions of real (3) 1930 m/s (4) 3860 m/s
gas is governed by the equation :- 148. The rms velocity of H2 is 2 × 103 m /s. What
 a  will be the rms velocity of O2 molecules at the
(1) PV = µRT (2)  P + 2  (V − b) = RT same temperature :-
 V 
(1) 103 m/s (2) 500 m/s
(3) PV = constant
TG: @Chalnaayaaar
(4) PV = constant (3) 0.5 × 10 m/s
4 (4) 3 × 103 m / s
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149. The temperature at which root mean square 157. The root mean square velocity of a gas
velocity of molecules of helium is equal to root molecule of mass m at a given temperature is
mean square velocity of hydrogen at N.T.P is- proportional to –
(1) 273°C (2) 273 K
(1) m0 (2) m
(3) 546°C (4) 844 K
150. If the pressure of a gas is doubled at constant 1
(3) m (4)
temperature, then the mean square velocity m
will become :- 158. vrms, vav and vmp are root mean square,
(1) No change (2) double average and most probable speeds of
(3) Four times (4) None of the above
molecules of a gas obeying Maxwell's velocity
151. The reason for the absence of atmosphere on
moon is that the : distribution. Which of the following
(1) Value of vrms of the molecules of gas is statements is correct
more than the value of escape velocity (1) vrms < vav < vmp (2) vrms > vav > vmp
(2) Value of vrms of gas is less than escape (3) vmp < vrms < vav (4) vmp > vrms > vav
velocity 159. If the r.m.s. velocity of hydrogen becomes
(3) Value of vrms is negligible equal to the escape velocity from the earth
(4) None of the above
surface, then the temperature of hydrogen
152. The speeds of 5 molecules of a gas (in arbitrary
units) are as follows 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. The root mean gas would be-
square speed for these molecules is - (1) 1060 K (2) 5030 K
(1) 2.91 (2) 3.52 (3) 4.00 (4) 4.24 (3) 8270 K (4) 104 K
153. The root mean square speed of the molecules 160. The pressure exerted by a gas in P0. If the
of a gas is : mass of molecules becomes half and their
(1) Independent of its pressure but directly
velocities become double, then pressure will
proportional to its Kelvin temperature
(2) Directly proportional to the square roots become
of both its pressure and its Kelvin P
(1) 0 (2) P0 (3) 2P0 (4) 4P0
temperature 2
(3) Independent of its pressure but directly 161. The root mean square (rms) speed of oxygen
proportional to the square root of its molecules O2 at a certain temperature T
Kelvin temperature
(absolute) is v. If the temperature is doubled
(4) Directly proportional to both its pressure
and its Kelvin temperature and oxygen gas dissociates into atomic
154. At 00C temperature root mean square speed oxygen. The rms speed :
of which of the following gases will be (1) becomes v/ 2 (2) remains v
maximum:-
(1) H2 (2) N2 (3) O2 (4) SO2 (3) becomes 2v (4) becomes 2v
155. The root mean square speed of hydrogen 162. If the root mean square speed of hydrogen
molecules of an ideal hydrogen gas kept in a molecules is equal to root mean square speed
gas chamber is 3180 m/s. The pressure of the of oxygen molecules at 470C, the temperature
hydrogen gas is :- of hydrogen is -
(Density of hydrogen gas = 8.99 × 10-2 Kg/m3,
(1) 20 K (2) 47 K (3) 50 K (4) 94 K
1 atmosphere = 1 .01 × 105 N/m2)
(1) 1.0 atmosphere (2) 1.5 atmosphere 163. The root mean square and most probable
(3) 2.0 atmosphere (4) 3.0 atmosphere speed of the molecules in a gas are :
156. If the rms velocity of molecules of a gas in a (1) same
container is doubled then the pressure will:- (2) different
(1) Become four times (2) Also get doubled (3) cannot say
(3) Be same (4) Become one half
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164. According to Maxwell's law of distribution of 172. The equivalent value of  in the above
velocities of molecules, the most probable question is
velocity is :- (1) 1.59 (2) 1.53 (3) 1.56 (4) none
(1) greater than the mean speed 173. Two monoatomic ideal gas at temperature
(2) equal to the mean speed T1 and T2 are mixed. There is no loss of
(3) equal to the root mean square speed energy. If the mass of molecules of the two
(4) less than the root mean square speed gases are m1 and m2 and number of their
165. The ratio of average translational kinetic molecules are n1 and n2 respectively, then
energy to rotational kinetic energy of a temperature of the mixture will be :
diatomic molecule at temperature T is T +T T T
(1) 1 2 (2) 1 + 2
(1) 3 (2) 7/5 (3) 5/3 (4) 3/2 n1 + n 2 n1 n 2
166. For hydrogen gas cP – cV = a and for oxygen gas n2T1 + n1T2 n1T1 + n2T2
cP – cV = b then the relation between a and b is (3) (4)
n1 + n2 n1 + n2
(where cP & cV are gram specific heats)
174. The total kinetic energy of 1 mole of N2 at
(1) a = 16 b (2) b = 16 a
27°C will be approximately :-
(3) a = b (4) None of these
(1) 1500 J (2) 1500 calorie
167. A gas mixture consists of 2 moles of oxygen
(3) 1500 kilo calorie (4) 1500 erg.
and 4 moles of argon at temperature T.
175. Mean kinetic energy (or average energy) per
Neglecting all vibrational modes, the total
gm. molecule of a monoatomic gas is given by:
internal energy of the system is (1) 3RT/2 (2) kT/2
(1) 4 RT (2) 15 RT (3) RT/3 (4) 3kT/2
(3) 9 RT (4) 11 RT 176. Relation between the ratio of specific heats
168. The average kinetic energy of a gas molecule () of gas and degree of freedom 'f' will be
at 270C is 6.21 × 10–21 J. Its average kinetic 1 1 1
energy at 2270C will be (1)  = f + 2 (2) = +
(1) 52.2 × 10–21 J (2) 5.22 × 10–21 J
 f 2
(3) 10.35 × 10 J –21 (4) 11.35 × 10–21 J (3) f = 2 / (–1) (4) f = 2(–1)
169. Two containers A and B contain molecular 177. Relation between pressure (P) and energy
gas at same temperature with masses of density (E) of an ideal gas is -
molecules are mA and mB, then relation of 2E 3E
(1) P = (2) P =
momentum PA and PB will be- 3 2
1/2 3E
m  (3) P = (4) P = E
(1) PA = PB (2) PA =  A  PB 5
 mB  178. On mixing 1 g mole of a monoatomic with
1/2 1 g mole of a diatomic gas the specific heat of
m  m 
(3) PA =  B  PB (4) PA =  A  PB mixture at constant volume will be :–
 mA   mB  (1) R (2) 3/2 R (3) 2R (4) 5/2R
170. A cylinder of 200 litre capacity is containing 179. Absolute zero temperature is one at which-
H2. The total translational kinetic energy of (1) All liquids convert into solid
molecules is 1.52 × 105 J. The pressure of H2 (2) All gases convert to solid
in the cylinder will be in N m–2 :- (3) All matter is in solid state
(1) 2 × 105 (2) 3 × 105 (4) The K.E. of molecules becomes zero
(3) 4 × 105 (4) 5 × 105 R
(171–172) Five moles of helium are mixed with 180. For a gas = 0.67. This gas is made up of
CV
two moles of hydrogen to form a mixture. Take
molecules which are :
molar mass of helium M1 = 4g and that of (1) Diatomic
hydrogen M2 = 2g (2) Mixture of diatomic and polyatomic
171. The equivalent molar mass of the mixture is molecules
13g 18g 24g (3) Monoatomic
(1) 6g (2) (3) (4)
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7 7 7 (4) Polyatomic
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181. If the total number of H2 molecules is double 189. The specific heat of a gas :
that of the O2 molecules then ratio of total (1) Has only two value Cp and Cv
kinetic energies of H2 to that of O2 at 300 K is: (2) Has a unique value at a given temperature
(1) 1: 1 (2) 1 : 2 (3) 2 : 1 (4) 1 : 16 (3) Can have any value between 0 and 
182. At which of the following temperature any (4) Depends upon the mass of the gas
gas has average molecular kinetic energy 190. 22 g of CO2 at 27°C is mixed with 16 g of O2 at
double that of at 20°C 37°C. The temperature of the mixture is :–
(1) 40°C (2) 80°C (At room temperature, degrees of freedom of
(3) 313°C (4) 586°C
CO2 = 7 and degrees of freedom of O2 = 5)
183. When temperature is increased from 0°C to
(1) 31.16°C (2) 27°C
273°C, what will be the ratio of final to initial
(3) 37°C (4) 30°C
the average kinetic energy of molecules?
191. At 27°C temperature, the kinetic energy of an
(1) 1 (2) 3 (3) 4 (4) 2
184. The kinetic energy associated with per degree ideal gas is E1. If the temperature is increased
of freedom of a molecule is - to 327°C, then kinetic energy would be
1 1
(1) MC2rms (2) kT (1) 2 E1 (2) E1
2 2
(3) kT/2 (4) 3kT/2 1
(3) 2E1 (4) E1
185. Which of the following statement is true 2
according to kinetic theory of gases? 192. Oxygen and hydrogen gases are at
(1) The collision between two molecules is temperature T. Then average K.E of each
inelastic and the time between two
molecule of oxygen gas is equal to how many
collisions is less than the time taken
times of average K.E. of each molecule of
during the collision.
hydrogen gas :-
(2) There is a force of attraction between the
(1) 16 times (2) 8 times
molecules
(3) All the molecules of a gas move with same (3) Equal (4) 1/16 times
velocity 193. The average energy of the molecules of a
(4) The average of the distances travelled monoatomic gas at temperature T is :-
between two successive collisions is (K = Boltzmann constant)
mean free path. 1 3 5
(1) kT (2) kT (3) kT (4) kT
186. Gas exerts pressure on the walls of container 2 2 2
because the molecules- 194. A diatomic molecule has
(1) Are loosing their Kinetic energy (1) 1 degree of freedom
(2) Are getting stuck to the walls (2) 3 degree of freedom
(3) Are transferring their momentum to walls (3) 5 degree of freedom
(4) Are accelerated towards walls. (4) 6 degree of freedom
187. For a diatomic gas, change in internal energy 195. Two moles of monoatomic gas are mixed with
for unit change in temperature at constant
1 mole of a diatomic gas. Then  for the
pressure and volume is U1 and U2 respectively
mixture is:
then U1 : U2 is :
(1) 1.4 (2) 1.55 (3) 1.62 (4) 1.67
(1) 5 : 3 (2) 7 : 5 (3) 1 : 1 (4) 5 : 7
ZEROTH AND FIRST LAW OF
188. The specific heat of an ideal gas depends on
temperature is - THERMODYNAMICS, HEAT, WORK AND
1 INTERNAL ENERGY
(1) 196. The first law of thermodynamics is based on:-
T
(1) Law of conservation of energy
(2) T
(2) Law of conservation of mechanical energy
(3) T (3) Law of conservation of gravitational P.E.
(4) Does not depends on temperature (4) None of the above
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197. In a process, 500 calories of heat is given to a 202. The work by an ideal monoatomic gas along
system and at the same time 100 joules of the cyclic path LMNOL is
work is done on the system. The increase in P
the internal energy of the system is :- M N
3P
(1) 40 calories (2) 1993 joules
(3) 2193 joules (4) 82 calories 2P O
L
198. In a thermodynamic process pressure of a fixed
mass of a gas is changed in such a manner that V
the gas releases 20 joules of heat and 8 joules of V 2V
work was done on the gas. If the initial internal (1) PV (2) 2PV (3) 3 PV (4) 4 PV
energy of the gas was 30 joules, then the final 203. For a gas Cv = 4.96 cal/mole K, the increase in
internal energy will be: - internal energy of 2 mole gas in heating from
(1) 2 J (2) 42 J (3) 18 J (4) 58 J 340 K to 342 K will be :-
199. 1 kg of a gas does 20 kJ of work and receives (1) 27.80 cal (2) 19.84 cal
16 kJ of heat when it is expanded between (3) 13.90 cal (4) 9.92 cal
two states. A second kind of expansion can be 204. When a system changes from one to another
found between the same initial and final state
state the value of work done :-
which requires a heat input of 9 kJ. The work
(1) Depends on the force acting on the system
done by the gas in the second expansion is :
(2) Depends on the nature of material present
(1) 32 kJ (2) 5 kJ (3) –4 kJ (4) 13 kJ
in a system
200. As shown in the figure the amount of heat
absorbed along the path ABC is 90J and the (3) Does not depend on the path
amount of work done by the system is 30 J. If (4) Depends on the path
the amount of work done along the path ADC 205. A system is taken along the paths A and B as
is 20 J then amount of heat absorbed will be :- shown. If the amounts of heat given in these
processes are QA and QB and change in internal
B C
P energy are UA and UB respectively then :-

A
A D P i f
B
V
(1) 80 J (2) 90 J (3) 110 J (4) 120 J V
201. In a cyclic process shown on the P – V diagram, (1) QA = QB; UA < UB (2) QA  QB; UA = UB
the magnitude of the work done is : (3) QA < QB; UA > UB (4) QA > QB; UA = UB
P 206. If the heat of 110 J is added to a gaseous
P2 system and change in internal energy is 40 J,
then the amount of external work done is :
P1
(1) 180 J (2) 70 J (3) 110 J (4) 30 J
O V 207. If amount of heat supplied is Q, work done is
V1 V2
2 2
W and change in internal energy is mCV dT,
 P −P   V −V  then relation among them is. (Cv = gram
(1)   2 1  (2)   2 1 
 2   2  specific heat)
 (1) mCV dT = Q + W (2) Q = W + mCV dT
(3) (P2 – P1) (V2 – V1) (4)  (P2V2 – P1V1)
4 (3) Q + mCV dT = W (4) None of these.
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208. The work done by a gas taken through the 211. Monoatomic, diatomic and triatomic gases
closed process ABCA is whose initial volume and pressure are same,
are compressed till their volume become half
P
the initial volume.
5P0 A
(1) If the compression is adiabatic then
P0 monoatomic gas will have maximum final
B
C pressure.
V (2) If the compression is adiabatic then
2V0 5V0
triatomic gas will have maximum final
(1) 6P0V0 (2) 4P0V0 pressure.
(3) P0V0 (4) zero (3) If the compression is adiabatic then their
final pressure will be same.
CYCLIC, ISOCHORIC, ISOBARIC, ISOTHERMAL, (4) If the compression is isothermal then
ADIABATIC AND POLYTROPIC PROCESS their final pressure will be different.
209. In the diagrams (i) to (iv) of variation of 212. Which of the following graphs correctly
volume with changing pressure is shown. A represents the variation of  = –(dV/dP)/V
with P for an ideal gas at constant
gas is taken along the path ABCDA. The temperature?
change in internal energy of the gas will be: -  
(1) (2)
V V
D D C
C P P
(i) (ii)  
A B A B (3) (4)
P P
P P
V V 213. The adiabatic Bulk modulus of a diatomic gas
D C D at atmospheric pressure is
C
(iii) (iv) (1) 0 Nm – 2 (2) 1 Nm – 2
A B A B (3) 1.4 ×10 Nm
4 – 2 (4) 1.4  10 5 Nm – 2
P P
214. A given quantity of an ideal gas is at pressure
P and absolute temperature T. The isothermal
(1) Positive in all cases (i) to (iv) bulk modulus of the gas is :
(2) Positive in cases (i), (ii) and (iii) but zero in (1) 2P/3 (2) P (3) 3P/2 (4) 2P
case (iv) 215. P-V plots for two gases during adiabatic
processes are shown in the figure. Plots 1 and
(3) Negative in cases (i), (ii) and (iii) but zero in
2 should correspond respectively to
case (iv) P
(4) Zero in all the four cases
210. The temperature of 5 moles of a gas which
1
was held at constant volume was changed 2
from 100°C to 120°C. The change in internal V

energy was found to be 80 joules. The total (1) He and O2 (2) O2 and He
(3) He and Ar (4) O2 and N2
heat capacity of the gas at constant volume 216. For an adiabatic expansion of a perfect gas,
will be equal to: - the value of P/P is equal to: -
(1) 8 J/K (2) 0.8 J/K (1) –  V/V (2) –V/V
(3) 4.0 J/K (4) 0.4 J/K (3) – V/V (4) –2 V/V
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217. An ideal gas at 27°C is compressed 222. Equal volumes of a perfect gas are
adiabatically to 8/27 of its original volume. If compressed to half of their initial volumes.
 = 5/3, then the rise in temperature is:- The first is brought about by isothermal
(1) 450 K (2) 375 K process and the second by adiabatic process
(3) 675 K (4) 405 K then :
218. For monoatomic gas the relation between (1) Both temperature and pressure will
pressure of a gas and temperature T is given increase in the isothermal process.
by P  TC. Then value of C will be: (2) In the isothermal process, the temperature
(For adiabatic process) will decrease and pressure will increases
5 2 (3) Both temperature and pressure will
(1) (2) increase in adiabatic process
3 5
(4) In the adiabatic process, the temperature
3 5
(3) (4) will decrease and pressure will increase
5 2
223. A vessel contains an ideal monoatomic gas
219. A gas for which  = 5/3 is heated at constant which expands at constant pressure, when
pressure. The percentage of total heat given heat Q is given to it. Then the work done in
that will be used for external work is : expansion is :
(1) 40% (2) 30% 3 2 2
(3) 60% (4) 20% (1) Q (2) Q (3) Q (4) Q
5 5 3
220. In which of the figure no heat exchange 224. One mole of an ideal gas at temperature T1
between the gas and the surroundings will
P
take place, if the gas is taken along curve: expends according to the law 2 = a (constant).
V
(curves are isothermal and adiabatic)
The work done by the gas till temperature of
gas becomes T2 is :
1 1
Pressure

A C (1) R(T2 – T1) (2) R(T2 – T1)

2 3
B D 1 1
(3) R(T2 – T1) (4) R(T2 – T1)
Volume 4 5
(1) A (2) B 225. When an ideal diatomic gas is heated at
(3) C (4) D constant pressure, the fraction of the heat
221. In the following figures, four curves A, B, C, D energy supplied which increases the internal
are shown the curves are :– energy of the gas is -
(1) 2/5 (2) 3/5 (3) 3/7 (4) 5/7
226. Pressure-temperature relationship for an
Pressure

Pressure

ideal gas undergoing adiabatic change is

( = Cp/Cv)
Volume Volume (1) PT  = constant (2) PT−1+ = constant
(1) Isothermal for A and B while adiabatic for (3) PT−1T = constant (4) P1− T = constant
C and D 227. The value of internal energy in an adiabatic
(2) Isothermal for A and C while adiabatic for process :-
B and D (1) Remains unchanged
(3) Isothermal for A and D (2) Only increases
(4) Adiabatic for A and C while isothermal for (3) Only diminishes
B and D (4) May diminish and may also increase
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228. One mole of an ideal monoatomic gas is 234. A gas specimen in one vessel is expended
heated at a constant pressure of one isothermally to double its volume and a
atmosphere from 0°C to 100°C. Then the similar specimen in the second vessel is
change in the internal energy is expanded adiabatically the same extent, then:
(1) 20.80 × 102 J (1) In the second vessel, both pressure and
work done are more
(2) 12.48 × 102 J
(2) In the second vessel, pressure in more,
(3) 832 × 102 J
but the work done is less.
(4) 6.25 × 102 J (3) In the first vessel, both pressure & work
229. The specific heat of a gas at constant pressure done are more.
is more than that of the same gas at constant (4) In the first vessel, pressure is more, but
volume because :- work done is less
(1) Work is done in the expansion of gas at 235. If an ideal gas is compressed during
constant pressure isothermal process then :-
(2) Work is done in the expansion of the gas (1) No work is done against gas
at constant volume (2) heat is rejected by gas
(3) It's internal energy will increase
(3) The molecular attraction increase under
(4) Pressure does not change
constant pressure
236. Graphs between P–V diagram for isothermal
(4) The vibration of molecules increases
and adiabatic processes are drawn the
under constant pressure relation between their slopes will be :–
230. When a gas is adiabatically compressed then (1) Slope of adiabatic curve =  (slope of
it's temperature increase because :– isothermal curve)
(1) Work done is zero (2) Slope of isothermal curve =  (slope of
(2) Internal energy is increased adiabatic curve)
(3) Heat is supplied to it (3) Slope of isothermal curve = slope of
(4) No change in pressure adiabatic curve
231. Air is filled in a tube of the wheel of a car at (4) Slope of adiabatic curve = 2 (slope of
27°C and 2 atm pressure if the tube is isothermal curve)
237. An ideal gas is taken round the cycle ABCA. In
suddenly bursts, the final temperature of air
the cycle the amount of work done involved is:-
will be :– ( = 1.5, 21/3 = 1.251)
P
(1) – 33° C (2) 0° C A
4P1
(3) 21.6° C (4) 240° C
232. Specific heat of a gas undergoing adiabatic P1 C
B
change is :
(1) Zero (2) Infinite
V1 3V1 V
(3) Positive (4) Negative
(1) 12 P1V1 (2) 6 P1V1
233. A quantity of air ( = 1.4) at 27°C is
(3) 3 P1V1 (4) P1V1
compressed suddenly, the temperature of the 238. One mole ideal gas is compressed
air system will : adiabatically at 27°C. Its temperature
(1) Fall becomes 102°C. The work done in this
(2) Rise process will be :- ( = 1.5)
(3) Remain unchanged (1) –625 J (2) 625 J
(4) First rise and then fall (3) 1245 J (4) –1245 J
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239. In an isometric change : 245. Graph of isometric process is :-
(1) Q = dU (2) W = dU
(3) Q + W = dU (4) None of these (1) P (2) P
240. The volume of a gas expands by 0.25 m3 at a
constant pressure of 103 N/m2. The work T T
done is equal to
(1) 2.5 erg (2) 250 J (3) P (4) P
(3) 250 W (4) 250 N
241. The process in which the heat given to a T T
system is completely transformed into work 246. An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic change in
is for ideal gas :– volume (V) with pressure (P). Then :-
(1) Isobaric process (1) PV = constant (2) PV = constant
(2) Isometric process
(3) (PV) = constant (4) PV = constant
(3) Isothermal process 247. 300 calories of heat is supplied to raise the
(4) Adiabatic process temperature of 50 gm of air from 20°C to 30°C
 4 without any change in its volume. Change in
242. The volume of a poly-atomic gas   = 
 3 internal energy per gram of air is
(1) zero (2) 0.6 calories
1
compressed adiabatically to of the (3) 1.2 calories (4) 6.0 calories
8th 248. A gas is expanded from volume V1 to volume V2
original volume. If the original pressure of the in three processes, shown in the figure. If UA,
gas is P0 the new pressure will be: - UB, UC and UD represent the internal energies
(1) 8 P0 (2) 16 P0 of the gas in state A,B,C and D respectively, the
(3) 6 P0 (4) 2 P0 which of the following is not correct
P A Isobaric B
243. During isothermal, isobaric and adiabatic
Isothermal
processes, work done for same change in Adiabatic
C
volume will be maximum for :- D
A
V1 →V V2
B
P (1) UB – UA > 0 (2) UC – UA = 0
C (3) UD – UA <0 (4) UB = UC = UD
249. A closed container is fully insulated from
V
outside. One half of it is filled with an ideal gas
(1) Isothermal X separated by a plate P from the other half Y
(2) Isobaric which contains a vacuum as shown in figure.
(3) Adiabatic When P is removed, X moves into Y. Which of
(4) None of the above the following statements is correct?
244. In an adiabatic process the quantity which
X Y
remains constant is :- gas vacuum
p
(1) Temperature
(1) No work is done by X
(2) Pressure
(2) X decreases in temperature
(3) Total heat content of the system
(3) X increases in internal energy
(4) Volume (4) X doubles in pressure
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SECOND LAW OF THE THERMODYNMAMICS, 255. In the above question, the curve for which the
HEAT ENGINES AND REFRIGERATORS heat is absorbed from the surroundings is :–
250. According to the second law of
(1) AB (2) BC
thermodynamics:
(3) CD (4) DA
(1) heat energy cannot be completely
converted to work 256. A Carnot engine shows efficiency of 40% on
(2) work cannot be completely converted to taking energy at 500 K. To increase the
heat energy efficiency to 50%, at what temperature it
(3) for all cyclic processes we have dQ/T < 0
should take energy?
(4) the reason all heat engine efficiencies are
less than 100% is friction, which is (1) 400 K (2) 700 K
unavoidable (3) 600 K (4) 800 K
251. "Heat cannot flow by itself from a body at lower 257. If the system takes 100 cal. heat, and releases
temperature to a body at higher temperature" 80 cal to sink, if source temperature is 127°C
is a statement or consequence of :
find the sink temperature :–
(1) second law of thermodynamics
(2) conservation of momentum (1) 47° C (2) 127° C
(3) conservation of mass (3) 67° C (4) 107° C
(4) first law of thermodynamics 258. A Carnot engine working between 300 K and
252. A Carnot engine takes 3 × 106 cal of heat from 600 K has work output of 800 J per cycle. The
reservoir at 627°C and gives it to a sink at
amount of heat energy supplied to the engine
27°C. Then work done by the engine is
(1) 4.2 × 106 J (2) 8.4 × 106 J from source per cycle will be :
(3) 16.8 × 106 J (4) zero (1) 800 J (2) 1600 J
253. A reversible refrigerator operates between a (3) 1200 J (4) 900 J
low temperature reservoir at TC and a high
259. An ideal gas heat engine operates in Carnot
temperature reservoir at TH. Its coefficient of
cycle between 227°C and 127°C. It absorbs
performance is given by :
(1) (TH – TC)/TC (2) TC/(TH – TC) 6 × 104 cal of heat at higher temperature.
(3) (TH – TC)/TH (4) TH/(TH – TC) Then amount of heat converted to work is :
254. In the given graph the isothermal curves are :- (1) 2.4 × 104 cal (2) 6 × 104 cal
P (3) 1.2 × 104 cal (4) 4.8 × 104 cal
A
260. A refrigerator works between temperature
B
–10°C & 27°C, the coefficient of performance
D C is :
V
(1) 7.1 (2) 1
(1) AB and CD (2) AB and AD
(3) AD and BC (4) BC and CD (3) 8.1 (4) 15.47

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EXERCISE-I (Conceptual Questions) ANSWER KEY
Question 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Answer 1 1 1 2 4 3 3 1 2 2 1 4 1 3 1
Question 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Answer 1 1 1 4 2 4 1 1 3 3 4 3 1 4 4
Question 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45
Answer 3 1 3 2 2 3 1 1 2 4 4 2 1 3 2
Question 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
Answer 2 2 4 2 3 1 1 2 2 4 3 3 1 3 3
Question 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75
Answer 3 1 3 1 3 4 1 2 2 3 2 4 3 3 3
Question 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90
Answer 3 4 2 2 4 4 2 1 1 1 2 3 3 1 3
Question 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105
Answer 2 2 3 1 4 1 3 4 4 3 2 4 3 1 1
Question 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120
Answer 2 3 3 2 1 2 2 4 1 4 4 4 4 3 1
Question 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135
Answer 3 2 3 3 2 3 2 4 4 3 4 3 4 3 4
Question 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150
Answer 4 2 1 3 3 2 2 1 1 3 2 2 2 1 1
Question 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165
Answer 1 4 3 1 4 1 4 2 4 3 4 1 2 4 4
Question 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180
Answer 1 4 3 2 4 4 3 4 2 1 3 1 3 4 3
Question 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195
Answer 3 3 4 3 4 3 3 4 3 1 1 3 3 3 2
Question 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210
Answer 1 3 3 4 1 3 1 2 4 4 2 2 1 4 3
Question 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225
Answer 1 1 4 2 2 3 2 4 1 2 2 3 3 2 4
Question 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240
Answer 4 4 2 1 2 1 1 2 3 2 1 3 4 1 2
Question 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255
Answer 3 2 2 3 3 2 4 4 1 1 1 2 2 1 1
Question 256 257 258 259 260
Answer 3 1 2 3 1

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Exercise - II (Previous Year Questions) AIPMT/NEET
AIPMT 2006 AIPMT 2008
1. A black body emits radiation of maximum 6. A new scale of temperature (which is linear)
intensity at 5000Å when its temperature is called the W scale, the freezing and boiling
1227°C. If its temperature is increased by points of water are 39°W and 239°W
1000°C then the maximum intensity of respectively. What will be the temperature on
emitted radiation will be at: the new scale, corresponding to a temperature
(1) 2754.8 Å (2) 3000 Å of 39°C on the Celsius scale?
(3) 3500 Å (4) 4000 Å (1) 200° W (2) 139° W
2. The translational kinetic energy of molecules of (3) 78° W (4) 117°W
one mole of a monoatomic gas is U = 3NkT/2. 7. At 10°C the value of the density of a fixed
The value of molar specific heat of gas under mass of an ideal gas divided by its pressure is
constant pressure will be : x. At 110°C this ratio is :-
3 5 7 9 10 283
(1) R (2) R (3) R (4) R (1) x (2) x
2 2 2 2 110 383
3. The molar specific heat at constant pressure 383
(3) x (4) x
of an ideal gas is (7/2)R. The ratio of specific 283
heat at constant pressure to that at constant 8. If Q, E and W denote the heat added, change
volume is: in internal energy and the work done
7 8 5 9 respectively in a closed cycle process, then :-
(1) (2) (3) (4)
5 7 7 7 (1) E = 0 (2) Q = 0
AIPMT 2007 (3) W = 0 (4) Q = W = 0
4. An ideal monoatomic gas is taken round the AIPMT 2009
cycle ABCDA as shown in following P–V 9. The two ends of a rod of length L and a
diagram. The work done during the cycle is : uniform cross sectional area A are kept at two
3P,V 3P,3V temperatures T1 and T2(T1 > T2). The rate of
A B
dQ
heat transfer , through the rod in a steady
P dt
state is given by :–
D C dQ kA(T1 − T2 )
P,V P,3V (1) =
O dt L
V
dQ kL(T1 − T2 )
(2) =
(1) PV (2) 2 PV dt A
(3) 4 PV (4) Zero dQ k(T1 − T2 )
1 (3) =
W dt LA
5. The   of a carnot-engine is , now the
Q 6 dQ
(4) = kLA(T1 − T2 )
temperature of sink is reduced by 62°C, then dt
this ratio becomes twice, therefore the initial 10. A black body, at a temperature of 227°C
temperature of the sink and source are radiates heat at a rate of 7 cal cm–2 s–1. At a
respectively:- temperature of 727°C, the rate of heat
(1) 33°C, 67°C (2) 37°C, 99°C radiated in the same units will be :–
(3) 67°C, 33°C (4) 97 K, 37 K (1) 80 (2) 60 (3) 50 (4) 112
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11. In thermodynamic processes which of the AIPMT (Mains) 2010
following statement is not true :- 16. If cp and cv denote the specific heats (per unit
(1) In an adiabatic process PV = constant mass) of an ideal gas of molecular weight M,
(2) In an adiabatic process the system is then :-
insulated from the surroundings R
(1) cp – cv = R (2) cp – cv =
(3) In an isochoric process pressure remains M
constant R
(3) cp – cv = MR (4) cp – cv = 2
(4) In an Isothermal process the temperature M
remains constant where R is the molar gas constant
12. The change in internal energy in a system that 17. A monoatomic gas at pressure P1 and volume
has absorbed 2 Kcals of heat and 500 J of V1 is compressed adiabatically to 1/8th its
work done is :- original volume. What is the final pressure of
(1) 7900J (2) 8900J the gas :-
(3) 6400J (4) 5400J (1) P1 (2) 16P1
AIPMT (Pre) 2010 (3) 32 P1 (4) 64 P1
13. A cylindrical metallic rod in thermal contact with
AIPMT (Pre) 2011
two reservoirs of heat at its two ends conducts
18. During an isothermal expansion, a confined
an amount of heat Q in time t. The metallic rod is
ideal gas does +150 J of work against its
melted and the material is formed into a rod of
surroundings. This implies that :-
half the radius of the original rod. What is the
(1) 150 J of heat has been removed from the
amount of heat conducted by the new rod, when
gas
placed in thermal contact with the two
reservoirs in time t? (2) 300 J of heat has been added to the gas
Q Q Q (3) No heat is transferred because the
(1) (2) (3) (4) 2Q process is isothermal
2 4 16
14. Total radiant energy per unit area, per unit (4) 150 J of heat has been added to the gas
time normal to the direction of incidence, 19. A mass of diatomic gas ( = 1.4) at a pressure
received at a distance R from the centre of a of 2 atmospheres is compressed adiabatically
star of radius r, whose outer surface radiates so that its temperature rises from 27°C to
as a black body at a temperature T Kelvin is 927°C. The pressure of the gas in the final
given by :- state is :-
4r2T4 r2T4 (1) 8 atm (2) 28 atm
(1) (2) (3) 68.7 atm (4) 256 atm
R2 R2
20. When 1kg of ice at 0°C melts to water at 0°C,
r2T4 r 4T4
(3) (4) the resulting change in its entropy, taking
4r2 r4
latent heat of ice to be 80 cal/g, is -
(Where  is Stefan's Constant) (1) 273 cal/K (2) 8 × 104 cal/K
15. If U and W represent the increase in (3) 80 cal/K (4) 293 cal/K
internal energy and work done by the system AIPMT (Pre) 2012
respectively in a thermodynamic process, 21. If the radius of a star is R and it acts as a black
which of the following is true?
body, what would be the temperature of the star,
(1) U = –W, in a isothermal process
in which the rate of energy production is Q?
(2) U = –W, in a adiabatic process
(1) (4R2Q/)1/4 (2) (Q/4R2)1/4
(3) U = W, in a isothermal process
(3) Q/4R2 (4) (Q/4R2)–1/2
(4) U = W, in a adiabatic process
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22. One mole of an ideal gas goes from an initial state AIPMT (Mains) 2012
A to final state B via two processes. It firstly 25. A slab of stone of area 0.36 m2 and thickness
undergoes isothermal expansion from volume V 0.1 m is exposed on the lower surface to
steam at 100°C. A block of ice at 0°C rests on
to 3V and then its volume is reduced from 3V to
the upper surface of the slab. In one hour 4.8
V at constant pressure. The correct P-V diagram
kg of ice is melted. The thermal conductivity
representing the two processes is :- of slab is :
A A (Given latent heat of fusion of ice 3.36 × 105 J kg–1)
P B P B (1) 2.05 J/m/s/°C (2) 1.02 J/m/s/°C
(1) (2) (3) 1.24 J/m/s/°C (4) 1.29 J/m/s/°C
26. An ideal gas goes from state A to state B via
V 3V V 3V
V V three different processes as indicated in the
P-V diagram
B A
P A P
A 1
(3) (4) B P 2
V 3V 3 B
V 3V
V V
V
23. A thermodynamic system is taken through
the cycle ABCD as shown in figure. Heat If Q1, Q2, Q3 indicate the heat absorbed by the
gas along the three processes and U1, U2,
rejected by the gas during the cycle is :-
U3 indicate the change in internal energy
D C along the three processes respectively, then :-
2P
(1) Q1 = Q2 = Q3 and U1 > U2 > U3
Pressure

(2) Q3 > Q2 > Q1 and U1 > U2 > U3

P A B (3) Q1 > Q2 > Q3 and U1 = U2 = U3
V Volume 3V (4) Q3 > Q2 > Q1 and U1 = U2 = U3
1 NEET-UG 2013
(1) PV (2) PV
2 27. A piece of iron is heated in a flame. It first
(3) 2PV (4) 4PV becomes dull red then becomes reddish
yellow and finally turns to white hot. The
24. Liquid oxygen at 50 K is heated to 300 K at
correct explanation for the above observation
constant pressure of 1 atm. The rate of is possible by using :-
heating is constant. Which one of the (1) Newton's Law of cooling
following graphs represents the variation of (2) Stefan's Law
temperature with time? (3) Wein's displacement Law
(4) Kirchoff's Law
28. In the given (V – T) diagram, what is the
(1) Temp (2) Temp relation between pressure P1 and P2?
V P2
Time Time
P1
2
1
(3) Temp (4) Temp T
(1) Cannot be predicted (2) P2 = P1
Time Time (3) P2 > P1 (4) P2 < P1
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29. The amount of heat energy required to raise 34. Certain quantity of water cools from 70°C to
the temperature of 1 g of Helium at constant 60°C in the first 5 minutes and to 54°C in the
volume, from T1 K to T2 K is :- next 5 minutes. The temperature of the
3 T  3 surroundings is:-
(1) Na kB  2  (2) Na kB (T2 – T1)
4  T1  8 (1) 45°C (2) 20°C
3 3 (3) 42°C (4) 10°C
(3) Na kB (T2 – T1) (4) Na kB (T2 – T1)
2 4 35. The mean free path of molecules of a gas,
30. The molar specific heats of an ideal gas at (radius 'r') is inversely proportional to :-
constant pressure and volume are denoted by (1) r3 (2) r2 (3) r (4) r
C 36. A monoatomic gas at a pressure P, having a
CP and CV respectively. If  = P and R is the
CV volume V expands isothermally to volume 2V
universal gas constant, then CV is equal to : and then adiabatically to volume 16V. The
1+  5
(1) R (2) final pressure of the gas is : (take  = )
1−  3

(3)
R
(4)
(  − 1) P
(1) 64P (2) 32P (3) (4) 16P
(  − 1) R 64
31. During an adiabatic process, the pressure of a 37. A thermodynamic system undergoes cyclic
gas is found to be proportional to the cube of its process ABCDA as shown in fig. The work
Cp done by the system in the cycle is :-
temperature. The ratio of for the gas is :-
Cv
P C B
3 4 5 3P0
(1) (2) (3) 2 (4)
2 3 3 2P0
32. A gas is taken through the cycle A→B→C→A,
P0 D
as shown, What is the net work done by the A
gas? V0 2V0 V
P(105 Pa)
P0 V0
7 (1) P0V0 (2) 2P0V0 (3) (4) Zero
6 B 2
5 AIPMT 2015
4
3 A 38. One mole of an ideal diatomic gas undergoes
2 C
1 a transition from A to B along a path AB as
V(10–3m–3) shown in the figure,
0 2 4 6 8
(1) –2000 J (2) 2000 J A
5
(3) 1000 J (4) Zero
AIPMT 2014 P(kPa) 2 B
33. Steam at 100°C is passed into 20 g of water at 4 6
10°C. When water acquires a temperature of V(m3)
80°C, the mass of water present will be :
[Take specific heat of water = 1 cal g–1 °C–1 and The change in internal energy of the gas
latent heat of steam = 540 cal g–1] during the transition is :
(1) 24 g (2) 31.5 g (1) –20 kJ (2) 20 J
(3) 42.5 g (4) 22.5 g (3) –12 kJ (4) 20 kJ
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39. On observing light from three different stars 43. The two ends of a metal rod are maintained at
P, Q and R, it was found that intensity of violet temperatures 100°C and 110°C. The rate of heat
color is maximum in the spectrum of P, the flow in the rod is found to be 4.0 J/s. If the ends
intensity of green colour is maximum in the are maintained at temperatures 200°C and
spectrum of R and the intensity of red colour 210°C, the rate of heat flow will be :
is maximum in the spectrum of Q. If TP, TQ and (1) 16.8 J/s (2) 8.0 J/s
TR are the respective absolute temperatures (3) 4.0 J/s (4) 44.0 J/s
of P, Q and R, then it can be concluded from Re-AIPMT 2015
the above observation that : 44. Two vessels separately contain two ideal
(1) TP > TR > TQ (2) TP < TR < TQ
gases A and B at the same temperature, the
(3) TP < TQ < TR (4) TP > TQ > TR
pressure of A being twice that of B. Under
40. A Carnot engine, having an efficiency of
such conditions, the density of A is found to
1
= as heat engine, is used as a refrigerator. be 1.5 times the density of B. The ratio of
10
molecular weight of A and B is:
If the work done on the system is 10 J, the
1 2 3
amount of energy absorbed from the (1) (2) (3) (4) 2
2 3 4
reservoir at lower temperature is :-
45. 4.0 g of a gas occupies 22.4 litres at NTP. The
(1) 99 J (2) 90 J (3) 1 J (4) 100 J
C specific heat capacity of the gas at constant
41. The ratio of the specific heats P =  in terms volume is 5.0 JK–1 mol–1. If the speed of sound
CV
in this gas at NTP is 952 ms–1, then the heat
of degrees of freedom (n) is given by :
capacity at constant pressure is
 n  2
(1)  1 +  (2)  1 +  (Take gas constant R = 8.3 JK–1 mol–1)
 3  n
(1) 8.5 JK–1 mol–1 (2) 8.0 JK–1 mol–1
 n  1 (3) 7.5 JK–1 mol–1 (4) 7.0 JK–1 mol–1
(3)  1 +  (4)  1 + 
 2  n 46. The coefficient of performance of a
42. Figure below shows two paths that may be refrigerator is 5. If the temperature inside
taken by a gas to go from a state A to a state C. freezer is –20°C, the temperature of the
surroundings to which it rejects heat is :
P (1) 21°C (2) 31°C
B C
6×104 Pa
(3) 41°C (4) 11°C
47. An ideal gas is compressed to half its initial
volume by means of several processes. Which
2×104 Pa of the process results in the maximum work
A
done on the gas?
(1) Isothermal (2) Adiabatic
2×10–3 m3 4×10–3 m3
V (3) Isobaric (4) Isochoric
48. The value of coefficient of volume expansion
In process AB, 400 J of heat is added to the
of glycerin is 5 × 10–4 K–1. The fractional
system and in process BC, 100 J of heat is
change in the density of glycerin for a rise of
added to the system. The heat absorbed by
40°C in its temperature, is :-
the system in the process AC will be :
(1) 500 J (2) 460 J (1) 0.010 (2) 0.015
(3) 300 J (4) 380 J (3) 0.020 (4) 0.025
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NEET-I 2016 (3) Compressing the gas isothermally or
49. A refrigerator works between 4°C and 30°C. It adiabatically will require the same
is required to remove 600 calories of heat amount of work.
every second in order to keep the (4) Which of the case (whether compression
temperature of the refrigerated space through isothermal or through adiabatic
constant. The power required is: process) requires more work will depend
(Take 1 cal = 4.2 Joules) upon the atomicity of the gas.
(1) 2.365 W (2) 23.65 W 54. A piece of ice falls from a height h so that it
(3) 236.5 W (4) 2365 W melts completely. Only one-quarter of the
50. A black body is at a temperature of 5760 K. heat produced is absorbed by the ice and all
The energy of radiation emitted by the body energy of ice gets converted into heat during
at wavelength 250 nm is U1, at wavelength its fall. The value of h is :
500 nm is U2 and that at 1000 nm is U3. Wien's [Latent heat of ice is 3.4 × 105 J/kg and
constant, b = 2.88 × 106 nmK. Which of the g = 10 N/kg]
following is correct? (1) 34 km (2) 544 km
(1) U1 = 0 (2) U3 = 0 (3) 136 km (4) 68 km
(3) U1 > U2 (4) U2 > U1 NEET-II 2016
51. Coefficient of linear expansion of brass and 55. Two identical bodies are made of a material
steel rods are 1 and 2. Lengths of brass and for which the heat capacity increases with
steel rods are 1 and 2 respectively. If (2 – 1) temperature. One of these is at 100 °C, while
is maintained same at all temperatures, the other one is at 0°C. If the two bodies are
which one of the following relations holds brought into contact, then, assuming no heat
good? loss, the final common temperature is :-
(1) 12 = 21 (2) 122 = 212 (1) less than 50 °C but greater than 0 °C
(2) 0 °C
(3) 122 = 221 (4) 11 = 22 (3) 50 °C
52. The molecules of a given mass of a gas (4) more than 50 °C
have r.m.s. velocity of 200 m/s at 27°C and 56. A body cools from a temperature 3T to 2T in
1.0 × 105 N/m2 pressure. When the temperature 10 minutes. The room temperature is T.
and pressure of the gas are respectively, 127°C Assume that Newton's law of cooling is
and 0.05 × 105 N/m2, the r.m.s. velocity of its applicable. The temperature of the body at
molecules in m/s is : the end of next 10 minutes will be: -
400 100 2 100 4
(1) 100 2 (2) (3) (4) (1) T (2) T
3 3 3 3
53. A gas is compressed isothermally to half its 7 3
(3) T (4) T
initial volume. The same gas is compressed 4 2
separately through an adiabatic process until 57. One mole of an ideal monatomic gas
its volume is again reduced to half. Then: - undergoes a process described by the equation
(1) Compressing the gas isothermally will PV3 = constant. The heat capacity of the gas
require more work to be done. during this process is
(2) Compressing the gas through adiabatic (1) 2 R (2) R
process will require more work to be 3 5
(3) R (4) R
done.
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 NEET : Physics
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58. The temperature inside a refrigerator is t2°C (1) P → c, Q → a, R → d, S → b
and the room temperature is t1°C. The (2) P → c, Q → d, R → b, S → a
amount of heat delivered to the room for each
(3) P → d, Q → b, R → a, S → c
joule of electrical energy consumed ideally
(4) P → a, Q → c, R → d, S → b
will be: -
t + 273 t +t 62. A spherical black body with a radius of 12 cm
(1) 2 (2) 1 2 radiates 450 watt power at 500 K. If the radius
t1 − t2 t 1 + 273
t1 t + 273 were halved and the temperature doubled, the
(3) (4) 1 power radiated in watt would be: -
t1 − t2 t1 − t2
59. A given sample of an ideal gas occupies a (1) 450 (2) 1000
volume V at a pressure P and absolute (3) 1800 (4) 225
temperature T. The mass of each molecule of 1
63. A carnot engine having an efficiency of as
the gas is m. Which of the following gives the 10
density of the gas? heat engine, is used as a refrigerator. If the
(1) P/(kTV) (2) mkT work done on the system is 10 J, the amount
(3) P/(kT) (4) Pm/(kT) of energy absorbed from the reservoir at
NEET(UG)-2017 lower temperature is :-
60. Two rods A and B of different materials are (1) 90 J (2) 99 J
welded together as shown in figure. Their (3) 100 J (4) 1 J
thermal conductivities are K1 and K2. The 64. A gas mixture consists of 2 moles of O2 and 4
thermal conductivity of the composite rod
moles of Ar at temperature T. Neglecting all
will be: -
vibrational modes, the total internal energy of
A K1
the system is:-
T1 T2
B K2 (1) 15 RT (2) 9 RT
(3) 11 RT (4) 4 RT
d NEET(UG)-2018
3(K1 + K2 ) 65. A sample of 0.1 g of water at 100oC and
(1) (2) K1 + K2
2 normal pressure (1.013 × 105 Nm–2) requires
K1 + K 2
(3) 2 (K1 + K2) (4) 54 cal of heat energy to convert to steam at
2
61. Thermodynamic processes are indicated in 100°C. If the volume of the steam produced is
the following diagram: - 167.1 cc, the change in internal energy of the
P sample, is :-
(1) 104.3 J (2) 208.7 J
i IV f (3) 42.2 J (4) 84.5 J
I III
II
f 66. The power radiated by a black body is P and
f 700k
500k it radiates maximum energy at wavelength 0.
f
300k If the temperature of the black body is now
V
changed so that it radiates maximum energy
Match the following
Column-1 Column-2 3
at wavelength  0 , the power radiated by it
P. Process I a. Adiabatic 4
Q. Process II b. Isobaric becomes nP. The value of n is: -
R. Process III c. Isochoric 3 4 256 81
(1) (2) (3) (4)
S. Process IV
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 Thermal Physics
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67. The volume (V) of a monatomic gas varies NEET(UG) 2019 (Odisha)
with its temperature (T), as shown in the 74. An object kept in a large room having air
graph. The ratio of work done by the gas, to temperature of 25°C takes 12 minutes to cool
the heat absorbed by it, when it undergoes a from 80°C to 70°C.
change from state A to state B, is: - The time taken to cool for the same object
V from 70°C to 60°C would be nearly: -
(1) 10 min (2) 12 min
B
(3) 20 min (4) 15 min
A 75. A deep rectangular pond of surface area A,
containing water (density = , specific heat
O T capacity = s), is located in a region where the
2 2 1 2 outside air temperature is at a steady value of
(1) (2) (3) (4) –26°C. The thickness of the frozen ice layer in
5 3 3 7
68. The efficiency of an ideal heat engine working this pond, at a certain instant is x.
Taking the thermal conductivity of ice as K,
between the freezing point and boiling point
and its specific latent heat of fusion as L, the
of water, is :-
rate of increase of the thickness of ice layer, at
(1) 26.8% (2) 20%
this instant would be given by :-
(3) 6.25% (4) 12.5%
(1) 26K/r( L–4s) (2) 26K/ (x2–L)
69. At what temperature will the rms speed of
(3) 26K/(xL) (4) 26K/r( L+4s)
oxygen molecules become just sufficient for
 Cp 
escaping from the Earth's atmosphere? 76. The value of   =  , for hydrogen, helium
(Given: Mass of oxygen molecule (m) = 2.76 ×  Cv 
10–26 kg Boltzmann's constant kB = 1.38 × 10–23 and another ideal diatomic gas X (whose
J K–1) :- molecules are not rigid but have an additional
(1) 2.508 × 104 K (2) 8.360 × 104 K vibrational mode), are respectively equal to: -
(3) 5.016 × 104 K (4) 1.254 × 104 K 7 5 9 5 7 9
(1) , , (2) , ,
NEET(UG) 2019 5 3 7 3 5 7
70. In which of the following processes, heat is 5 7 7 7 5 7
(3) , , (4) , ,
neither absorbed nor released by a system? 3 5 5 5 3 5
(1) isothermal (2) adiabatic 77. 1g of water, of volume 1 cm3 at 100°C, is
(3) isobaric (4) isochoric converted into steam at same temperature
71. Increase in temperature of a gas filled in a under normal atmospheric pressure
container would lead to :
(1) increase in its mass
( )
1  105 Pa . The volume of steam formed

(2) increase in its kinetic energy equals 1671 cm3. If the specific latent heat of
(3) decrease in its pressure vaporisation of water is 2256 J/g, then the
(4) decrease in intermolecular distance change in internal energy is,
72. A copper rod of 88 cm and an aluminum rod (1) 2423 J (2) 2089 J
(3) 167 J (4) 2256 J
of unknown length have their increase in
NEET(UG) 2020
length independent of increase in
78. The average thermal energy for a mono-
temperature. The length of aluminum rod is :
atomic gas is : (kB is Boltzmann constant and T,
(Cu = 1.7 × 10–5 K–1 and Al = 2.2 × 10–5 K–1)
absolute temperature)
(1) 6.8 cm (2) 113.9 cm
7 1
(3) 88 cm (4) 68 cm (1) k B T (2) k B T
2 2
73. The unit of thermal conductivity is :
3 5
(1) J m K–1 (2) J m–1 K–1 (3) k B T (4) k B T
(3) W m K –1 (4) W m–1 K–1 2 2
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 NEET : Physics
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79. The mean free path for a gas, with molecular 86. The P-V diagram for an ideal gas in a piston
diameter d and number density n can be cylinder assembly undergoing a thermodynamic
expressed as : process is shown in the figure. The process is
1 1
(1) 2 2 2
(2) Initial
2n  d 2 nd
state
P Final
1 1
(3) (4) state
2 nd2 2 n2d2
80. The quantities of heat required to raise the
temperature of two solid copper spheres of V
radii r1 and r2 (r1 = 1.5 r2) through 1 K are in (1) adiabatic (2) isochoric
the ratio: (3) isobaric (4) isothermal
5 27 9 3 87. Three stars A, B, C have surface temperatures
(1) (2) (3) (4)
3 8 4 2
TA, TB, TC respectively. Star A appears bluish,
81. A cylinder contains hydrogen gas at pressure
star B appears reddish and star C yellowish.
of 249 kPa and temperature 27°C.
Its density is : (R = 8.3 J mol–1 K–1) Hence,
(1) 0.02 kg/m3 (2) 0.5 kg/m3 (1) TA > TB > TC (2) TB > TC > TA
(3) 0.2 kg/m 3 (4) 0.1 kg/m3 (3) TC > TB > TA (4) TA > TC > TB
82. Two cylinders A and B of equal capacity are
NEET(UG) 2021
connected to each other via a stop cock. A
88. A cup of coffee cools from 90°C to 80°C in t
contains an ideal gas at standard temperature
and pressure. B is completely evacuated. The minutes, when the room temperature is 20°C.
entire system is thermally insulated. The stop The time taken by a similar cup of coffee to
cock is suddenly opened. The process is: - cool from 80°C to 60°C at a room temperature
(1) isobaric (2) isothermal same at 20°C is: -
(3) adiabatic (4) isochoric 13 13
NEET(UG) 2020 (COVID-19) (1) t (2) t
10 5
83. The efficiency of a Carnot engine depends
10 5
upon (3) t (4) t
(1) the temperature of the sink only 13 13
(2) the temperatures of the source and sink 89. Match Column-I and Column-II and choose
(3) the volume of the cylinder of the engine the correct match from the given choices.
(4) the temperature of the source only Column-I Column-I
84. The mean free path  for a gas molecule (A) Root mean square (P) 1
nmv 2
depends upon diameter, d of the molecule as : speed of gas molecules 3
1 (B) Pressure exerted by (Q) 3RT
(1)  2 (2)   d
d ideal gas M
1 (C) Average kinetic energy (R) 5
(3)   d2 (4)  RT
d of a molecule 2
85. An ideal gas equation can be written as
(D) Total internal energy of (S) 3
RT k BT
P= where  and M0 are respectively, 1 mole of a diatomic gas 2
M0
(1) (A) - (R), (B) - (P), (C) - (S), (D) - (Q)
(1) mass density, mass of the gas
(2) number density, molar mass (2) (A) - (Q), (B) - (R), (C) - (S), (D) - (P)
(3) mass density, molar mass (3) (A) - (Q), (B) - (P), (C) - (S), (D) - (R)
(4) number density, mass of the gas (4) (A) - (R), (B) - (Q), (C) - (P), (D) - (S)
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NEET(UG) 2022 RE-NEET(UG) 2022
90. An ideal gas undergoes four different 93. An ideal gas follows a process described by the
processes from the same initial state as equation PV2 = C from the initial (P1, V1, T1) to
shown in the figure below. Those processes
are adiabatic, isothermal, isobaric and final (P2, V2, T2) thermodynamics states, where
isochoric. The curve which represents the C is a constant. Then: -
adiabatic process among 1,2,3 and 4 is: - (1) If P1 > P2 then T1 < T2
P 4 (2) If V2 > V1 then T2 > T1
3
(3) If V2 > V1 then T2 < T1
2 (4) If P1 > P2 then V1 > V2
1
94. Two rods one made of copper and other
V
made of steel of the same length and same
(1) 2 (2) 3 (3) 4 (4) 1 cross-sectional area are joined together.
91. The energy that will be ideally radiated by a
100 kW transmitter in 1 hour is: - The thermal conductivity of copper and
(1) 36 × 104 J (2) 36 × 105 J steel are 385Js –1K–1 m–1 and 50 Js –1K–1m–1
(3) 1 × 105 J (4) 36 × 107 J respectively. The free ends of copper and
92. The volume occupied by the molecules steel are held at 100°C and 0°C respectively.
contained in 4.5 kg water at STP, if the The temperature at the junction is, nearly:
intermolecular forces vanish away is: -
(1) 5.6 × 103 m3 (2) 5.6 × 10–3 m3 (1) 12°C (2) 50°C
(3) 5.6 m 3 (4) 5.6 × 106 m3 (3) 73°C (4) 88.5°C

EXERCISE-II (Previous Year Questions) ANSWER KEY

Question 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Answer 2 2 1 3 2 4 2 1 1 4 3 1 3 2 2
Question 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Answer 2 3 4 4 4 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 4 2 3
Question 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45
Answer 1 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 2
Question 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
Answer 2 2 3 3 4 4 2 2 3 4 4 2 4 4 4
Question 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75
Answer 1 3 1 3 2 3 1 1 2 2 2 4 4 4 3
Question 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90
Answer 1 2 3 3 2 3 3 2 1 3 3 4 2 3 1
Question 91 92 93 94
Answer 4 3 3 4
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Exercise - III
THERMAL EXPANSION CALORIMETRY
1. Match the column with scale of temperature 4. If heat is supplied to a solid, its temperature:-
(A) must increase
and its range -
(B) may increase
Column-1 Column-2 (C) may remain constant
(A) Celsius scale (P) 32° to 212° (D) may decrease
(B) Fahrenheit scale (Q) x° to y° Choice the correct statement: -
(1) A (2) B,D (3) B,C,D (4) B,C
(C) Kelvin scale (R) 0° to 100°
5. A good cooking utensil should have: -
(D) Unknown scale (S) 273.15 to 373.15 (A) low specific heat
(1) A → P, B→ Q, C→ R, D→ S (B) high specific heat
(2) A → R, B→ P, C→ S, D→ Q (C) low thermal capacity
(D) high coefficient of thermal conductivity
(3) A → R, B→ S, C→ P, D→ Q
Which statement are correct: -
(4) A → R, B→ Q, C→ S, D→ P (1) A,C,D (2) B,C,D (3) A,B,D (4) B,C
2. Choose the correct statement: - 6. Heat is supplied to a ice at a constant rate
(a) When a bimetallic strip is heated it bends temperature variation with time is as shown
in figure, then –
in the form of an arc.

(b) It is used in thermostat T D
(c) In bimetallic strip the material having
B
lower temperature expansion co-efficient
C t→
always goes on outer side. A
(d) A bimetallic strip on heating bends in the (A) During AB volume of substance increases
(B) During BC volume of substance decreases
form of helix
(C) Specific heat of substance in liquid phase is
(1) (a, b) (2) (b, c) (3) (a, c) (4) (b, d) proportional to reciprocal of slope of portion
3. Given below are two statements: one is AB of graph
labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is (D) Latent heat of fusion of substance is
independent of portion AB of graph.
labelled as Reason (R).
Then correct option is -
Assertion (A) : A brass disc is just fitted in a (1) A,C (2) B,C (3) A,C,D (4) B,D
hole in steel plate. The system must be cooled 7. Given below are two statements: one is
to loosen the disc from the hole. labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is
Reason (R) : The coefficient of linear labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A) : In change of state from solid
expansion for brass is greater than the to liquid the temperature decrease until the
coefficient of linear expansion for steel. entire amount of the solid substance melts.
In the light of the above statements, choose Reason (R) : The phenomenon of refreezing
the most appropriate answer from the is called melting.
In the light of the above statements, choose
options given below: the most appropriate answer from the
(1) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the options given below:
correct explanation of (A). (1) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the
(2) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is NOT correct explanation of (A).
(2) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is NOT
the correct explanation of (A).
the correct explanation of (A).
(3) (A) is true but (R) is false. (3) (A) is true but (R) is false.
(4) (A) is false but (R) is true.
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(4) Both (A) and (R) are false.
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 Thermal Physics
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8. Match the column :- (1) A → P, B→ Q, C→ R, D→ S
Column-1 Column-2 (2) A → Q, B→ S, C→ P, D→ R
(A) Heat (P) Degree of hotness (3) A → S, B→ R, C→ Q, D→ P
or coolness of a (4) A → R, B→ P, C→ S, D→ Q
substance 11. A spherical black body of radius r radiates
(B) Internal energy (Q) Amount of heat power P and its rate of cooling is R then -
required to rise
(a) P  r (b) P  r2
the temperature
1
of unit mass of a (c) R  r2 (d) R 
r
substance by 1°C
Choice the correct one :-
(C) Temperature (R) Energy in transit
(1) a, b (2) a, c (3) b,d (4) a,b,d
(D) Specific heat (S) The sum of
12. Given below are two statements: one is
energy due to
attractive force labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is
between labelled as Reason (R).
molecules and Assertion (A) : For a given amount of an ideal
due to random gas, at constant temperature, the product of
motion pressure and volume is constant.
(1) A → R, B→ S, C→ P, D→ Q Reason (R) : The root mean square velocity
(2) A → R, B→ P, C→ S, D→ Q of the molecules is inversely proportional to
(3) A → R, B→ Q, C→ P, D→ S molecular weight.
(4) A → R, B→ S, C→ Q, D→ P In the light of the above statements, choose
HEAT TRANSFER the most appropriate answer from the
9. Assume transmittivity t = 0 for all the cases – options given below:
Which of the following statement is correct - (1) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the
(A) Bad absorber is bad emitter correct explanation of (A).
(B) Bad absorber is good reflector (2) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is NOT
(C) Bad reflector is good emitter the correct explanation of (A).
(D) Bad emitter is good absorber (3) (A) is true but (R) is false.
(1) A, B, C, D (2) A, C, D (4) Both (A) and (R) are false.
(3) A, B, D (4) A, B, C 13. Given below are two statements: one is
10. Match the column in which column-1 gives labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is
the statement and column-2 its explanation labelled as Reason (R).
by which law. Assertion (A) : For higher temperature, the
Column-1 Column-2 peak emission wavelength of a black body
(A) When a person (P) Newtons law shifts to lower wavelengths.
enters in an A.C. of cooling
Reason (R) : Peak emission wavelength of a
room then he
black body is proportional to the fourth
feels cooler
power of temperature.
(B) Good absorber (Q) Wein's law
In the light of the above statements, choose
are good emitter
of heat the most appropriate answer from the
(C) Colour of a star is (R) Kirchhoff's options given below:
an indication of law (1) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the
temperature correct explanation of (A).
(D) A hot cup of tea (S) Prevost (2) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is NOT
when placed in a theory of the correct explanation of (A).
room is cooled in mutual heat (3) (A) is true but (R) is false.
some time exchange (4) (A) is false but (R) is true.
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KTG 17. Given below are two statements: one is
14. Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is
labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
labelled as Reason (R). Assertion (A) : Evaporation has a cooling effect.
Assertion (A) : The rms speed of helium gas Reason (R) : At the surface of liquid, some of
is equal to rms speed of hydrogen gas when the faster upward moving molecules have
enough kinetic energy to overcome the
absolute temperature of helium is twice that
attraction from other molecules and escape
of hydrogen gas.
from the liquid. With these faster molecules the
Reason (R) : RMS speed of gas depends only average kinetic energy left behind is reduced.
on the temperature of gas. In the light of the above statements, choose
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the
the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
options given below: (1) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the
(1) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
correct explanation of (A). (2) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is NOT
(2) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is NOT the correct explanation of (A).
the correct explanation of (A). (3) (A) is true but (R) is false.
(3) (A) is true but (R) is false. (4) (A) is false but (R) is true.
(4) (A) is false but (R) is true. 18. For a monoatomic gas at temperature T,
match the following column –
15. In a mixture of nitrogen and helium kept at room
Column-1 Column-2
temperature, as compared to a helium molecule
(A) Speed of sound (P) 2RT
nitrogen molecule strikes into the wall –
(a) with greater average speed Mw
(b) with smaller average speed (B) RMS speed of gas (Q) 8 RT
(c) with greater average kinetic energy molecule  Mw
(d) with smaller average kinetic energy (C) Average speed of gas (R) 3RT
Choose the correct statements :- molecule Mw
(1) a, c (2) b,d (3) a,d (4) b,c
(D) Most probable speed of (S) RT
16. Given below are two statements: one is gas molecule
labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is Mw
labelled as Reason (R). (1) A → P, B→ Q, C→ R, D→ S
Assertion (A) : An ideal gas is enclosed (2) A → Q, B→ S, C→ P, D→ R
within a container fitted with a piston. When (3) A → R, B→ P, C→ S, D→ Q
volume of this enclosed gas is increased at (4) A → S, B→ R, C→ Q, D→ P
constant temperature. The pressure exerted THERMODYNAMICS
by gas on piston decreases. 19. Match the following column –
Column-1 Column-2
Reason (R) : In the above situation, the rate
(A) Adiabatic bulk (P) – P/V
of molecules per unit area striking on the
modulus
piston decreases.
(B) Slope of PV curve in (Q) 2
In the light of the above statements, choose isothermal process  −1
the most appropriate answer from the
options given below: (C) Degree of freedom (R) P
(1) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the (D) Molar heat capacity at (S) 
constant pressure  −1
correct explanation of (A).
divide by R
(2) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is NOT
(1) A → R, B→ P, C→ Q, D→ S
the correct explanation of (A).
(2) A → P, B→ R, C→ S, D→ Q
(3) (A) is true but (R) is false.
(3) A → Q, B→ S, C→ P, D→ R
(4) (A) is false but (R) is true. (4) A → S, B→ Q, C→ R, D→ P
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20. Given below are two statements: one is (C) Q = dU + W is valid (R) Polytopic
labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is for process
labelled as Reason (R). (D) The process in (S) Free
Assertion (A) : In an adiabatic process, which heat expansion of
change in internal energy of a gas is equal to exchange between ideal gas
work done on the gas in the process. the system and
surrounding is
Reason (R) : Temperature of gas remains
zero.
constant in a adiabatic process.
(1) A→P,Q,R,S; B→P,R,S; C→ P,Q,R,S; D→ P,S
In the light of the above statements, choose
(2) A→P,Q,R,S; B→ P,Q; C→ P,Q,R,S; D→ Q,R
the most appropriate answer from the
(3) A→P,Q,R,S; B→ P,S; C→ P,Q,R,S; D→ Q,R
options given below:
(4) A→P,Q,R,S; B→ Q,S; C→ P,Q,R,S; D→ Q,R
(1) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the 23. Given below are two statements: one is
correct explanation of (A). labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is
(2) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is NOT labelled as Reason (R).
the correct explanation of (A). Assertion (A) : For an ideal gas CP > CV.
(3) (A) is true but (R) is false. Reason (R) : Work is done in expansion of the
(4) (A) is false but (R) is true. gas at constant pressure.
21. In the  – T graph (for fixed mass of an ideal In the light of the above statements, choose
gas), shown in the figure match the following the most appropriate answer from the
options given below:
( → density, T → temperature)
(1) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the
correct explanation of (A).
b c (2) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is NOT
the correct explanation of (A).
 (3) (A) is true but (R) is false.
a d (4) (A) is false but (R) is true.
24. The internal energy of a system remains
T(K) constant when it undergoes –
Column-1 Column-2 (a) a cyclic process
(b) an isothermal process
(A) Process ab (p) isochoric
(c) an adiabatic process
process
(d) any process in which heat released by the
(B) Process bc (q) U = 0 system is equal to the work done on the
(C) Process cd (r) P increasing system.
(D) Process da (s) P decreasing Choose the correct statements :-
(1) A → q,s, B→ p,q, C→ p,s, D→ r,q (1) a, b, c (2) b,c (3) a, b (4) a,b,d
(2) A → q,r, B→ p, C→ q,s, D→ p 25. The molar heat capacity for an ideal gas -
(3) A → p,s, B→ q,r, C→ r,s, D→ s,r (a) is zero for adiabatic process.
(b) is infinite for an isothermal process
(4) A → p,q, B→ q,r, C→ r,s, D→ s,p
(c) depends on the nature of gas for a process
22. Match the column – in which either volume or pressure is
Column-1 Column-2 constant
(A) dU = nCVdT is valid (P) Adiabatic (d) is equal to the product of the molecular
for process weight and gram specific heat capacity
(B) Temperature of the (Q) Isothermal for any process.
system can change process Choose the correct statements :-
in (1) a, b (2) c,d
(3) a, b, c & d (4) b, c, d
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26. Match the following column – V
Column-1 Column-2
(A) Adiabatic (P) No work done V2
C D
expansion C
B
(B) isobaric (Q) Constant
expansion internal V1
A
energy
(C) Isothermal (R) Increase in P
expansion internal P2 P1 C
energy Column-I Column-II
(D) Isochoric (S) Decrease in (A) For process A (P) Work done by the
process internal gas is positive.
energy (B) For process B (Q) Temperature will
(1) A → S, B → R, C → Q, D → P increase.
(C) For process C (R) Heat supplied is
(2) A → P, B → Q, C → R, D → S
positive.
(3) A → Q, B → P, C → S, D → R
(D) For process D (S) Change in internal
(4) A → R, B → S, C → P, D → Q energy is negative.
27. Volume versus pressure curves for one mole The correct option is :-
of an ideal gas are given for four processes as (1) (A) – S, (B) – PS, (C) – PQ, (D) – PQR
shown in figure. (2) (A) – PS, (B) – P, (C) – PR, (D) – PQQ
(B → Adiabatic process, C→ Isothermal (3) (A) – PS, (B) – S, (C) – PR , (D) – PQ
process) (4) (A) – S, (B) – PS, (C) – PR, (D) – PQR

EXERCISE-III (Analytical Questions) ANSWER KEY

Question 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Answer 2 1 1 4 1 4 4 1 4 3 3 2 3 3 4
Question 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27
Answer 1 1 4 1 3 2 1 1 4 3 1 4

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