i

MAJOR PROJECT REPORT

ON
BLOOD BUDDY

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements

For the award of the degree of

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
IN
COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING

Submitted By

KSHITIJ SHARMA VIVEK JOSHI

(03515602719) (01215602719)

Under the guidance of

Ms. Bhumika Pal
Assistant Professor, CSE department

Department of Computer Science & Engineering

Dr. Akhilesh Das Gupta Institute of Technology &
Management
(Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Dwarka,
Delhi.) New Delhi -110053.
 ii

DECLARATION

We Kshitij Sharma and Vivek Joshi hereby declare that this submission
is our own work and that, to the best of our knowledge and belief, it
contains no material previously published or written by another person nor
material which to a substantial extent has been accepted for the award of
any other degree of the university or other institute of higher learning,
except where due acknowledgment has been made in the text.

Signature:
Name:
Roll No.:
Date:

Signature:
Name:
Roll No.:
Date:
 iii

CERTIFICATE

We hereby certify that the work that is being presented in the project report entitled
Blood Buddy, to partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree of
Bachelor of Computer Science & Engineering from Dr. Akhilesh Das Gupta
Institute of Technology & Management, New Delhi. This is an authentic record of
our own work carried out during the period from May 2022 to July 2023 under the
guidance of Ms. Bhumika Pal, Assistant Professor, CSE department.

The matter presented in this project has not been submitted by us for the award of any
other degree elsewhere.

KSHITIJ SHARMA VIVEK JOSHI

(03515602719) (01215602719)

This is to certify that the above statement made by the candidate is correct to the best
of my knowledge. They are permitted to appear in the Major Project External
Examination.

Ms. Bhumika Pal Dr. Ankit Verma

(Assistant Professor, CSE) (HOD, CSE)

The B. Tech Major Project Viva-Voce Examination of Kshitij Sharma (Enrollment

No: 03515602719) and Vivek Joshi (Enrollment No: 01215602719), has been held
on ……………………………….

(Project Coordinator, CSE Dept.) (Signature of External Examiner)

 iv

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We would like to acknowledge the contributions of the following people, without

whose help and guidance this report would not have been completed.
We acknowledge the counsel and support of our project guide Ms. Bhumika Pal,
Assistant Professor, CSE department, with respect and gratitude, whose expertise,
guidance, support, encouragement, and enthusiasm have made this report possible.
Their feedback vastly improved the quality of this report and provided an enthralling
experience. We are indeed proud and fortunate to be supervised by him.
We are thankful to, Prof. (Dr.) Ankit Verma, H.O.D. CSE department, Dr. Akhilesh
Das Gupta Institute of Technology & Management, New Delhi for his constant
encouragement, valuable suggestions, moral support, and blessings.
We are immensely thankful for our esteemed, Prof. (Dr.) Sanjay Kumar, Director,
Dr. Akhilesh Das Gupta Institute of Technology & Management, New Delhi for
his never-ending motivation and support.
We shall ever remain indebted to, the Project Coordinator CSE department and
faculty and staff members of Dr. Akhilesh Das Gupta Institute of Technology &
Management, New Delhi.
Finally, yet importantly, We would like to express our heartfelt thanks to God, our
beloved parents for their blessings, and our friends/classmates for their help and wishes
for the successful completion of this project.

KSHITIJ SHARMA VIVEK JOSHI

(03515602719) (01215602719)
 v

ABSTRACT

Blood donation is a crucial aspect of healthcare in India, as it helps to save the lives of
countless people who require transfusions for various medical conditions. However,
despite its importance, the process of blood donation in India is often marred by several
challenges that hurt both donors and recipients. These challenges include a shortage of
donated blood, a low rate of voluntary blood donation, and inefficient systems for
collecting and distributing blood. One potential solution to these issues is the
development of a mobile application that connects blood donors and patients in real-
time, allowing them to connect and coordinate blood transfusions more efficiently. In
this research paper, we aim to examine the current state of blood donation in India and
explore the various challenges that contribute to its difficulties and this potential
solution. Nowadays, several blood apps are accessible in India, however, their
utilization is extremely poor owing to some disadvantages. One such serious
disadvantage is privacy and safety. Donor Contacts may be simply accessed by
everybody. It causes several issues for the top user. All apps that are accessible within
the play store focus on the property between the donors and therefore, the recipient at
fewer intervals. Hence, a reliable solution is required for this problem’s solution.
 vi

TABLE OF CONTENTS

DECLARATION ii
CERTIFICATE iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iv
ABSTRACT v
TABLE OF CONTENTS vi
LIST OF FIGURES vii

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION AND LITERATURE REVIEW 1-6

1.1. Introduction 1
1.2. Basic terms of project 2
1.3. Literature Overview 3
1.4. Motivation 5

CHAPTER 2: METHODOLOGY/ PLANNING OF WORK 7-9

2.1 Profile of Users 7

2.1.1 ADMIN
2.1.2 DONOR
2.1.3 PATIENT
2.1.4 BLOOD BANK
2.2 ER Diagram 8

CHAPTER 3: RESULT ANALYSIS 10-13

3.1 Finished Application 10

CHAPTER 4: CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE SCOPE 14

4.1 Conclusion 14
4.2 Future Scopes 14

REFERENCES 15

RESEARCH PAPER 17
 vii

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure No. Title of Figure Page No.

2.2.1 Proposed ER Diagram 9
2.2.2 Achieved ER Diagram 9
3.1.1 Landing Screen 10
3.1.2 Login/ Signup Screen 10
3.1.3 Landing Page 10
3.1.4 Login/ Signup using a Gmail account 10
3.1.5 OTP Verification for login with phone no. 10
3.1.6 Home Page 11
3.1.7 Notifications Page 11
3.1.8 Settings Page 11
3.1.9 Find the nearest donor 12
3.1.10 check availability 12
3.1.11 Donor side request 12
3.1.12 Shortest path 12
3.1.13 Panic Button 13
3.1.14 Emergency Notification 13
 1

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION AND LITERATURE REVIEW

1.1 INTRODUCTION:

Due to the lack of communication between the blood donors and the blood recipients,
most of the patients in need of blood do not get blood on time and hence lose their lives.
There is a dire need for synchronization between blood donors and hospitals and blood
banks. The ‘Blood Buddy’ mobile application has been developed to override the
problems of Blood donation and finding a blood donor in the time of need, prevailing
in India at this time. In the time of Covid, there was a severe shortage and a lot of
reluctance of blood donors in India. India has the world's largest shortage of blood, with
all states together battling a huge shortfall of 41 million units and demand outstripping
supply by over 400%. The overall global shortfall is 100 million units.
Using internet technology people can get connected from almost anywhere. This same
internet technology can be utilized to find blood donors online with just one click from
a mobile phone. This android blood donation application aims at helping out people to
get blood donors online in case of an emergency. Users can access the application by
creating an account and using this application the users can either register for blood
donation to a blood bank or can raise a request to receive blood, at the hospital, where
the patient is admitted.
The users can also see nearby available blood donors. The users can view the donors’
profiles & can request the donors for help. The donors can accept or reject a request.
The donor's contact information will also be provided to the user for immediate contact
if the user accepts the request. The users will also receive notifications of blood
donation requests, in their nearby area. In this way, this user-friendly blood donation
mobile application can help people save lives.
Therefore, to fulfill the requirement for blood, ‘Blood buddy’ Comes into action which
helps to connect the patients who need blood and the volunteers who want to donate
blood to maintain the shortage and requirements of blood.
 2

1.2 BASIC TERMS OF THE PROJECT:

• Admin: The admin is the person who has the authority over the application and
controls its front-end, back-end, and other functioning.

• Donor: A donor is any person, who donates blood to patients, hospitals, or

blood banks.

• Patient: A person who needs medical attention due to any illness, disease, or
medical emergency. In this project, it’s used particularly used for the person
who’s in a need of the blood of a certain blood group.

• Flutter: Flutter is an open-source mobile app SDK/ framework, that supports

both the iOS and Android platforms for app development that uses a single
code-base.

• Firebase: Firebase is a Backend-as-a-Service (BaaS) app development platform

that provides hosted backend services such as a real-time database, cloud
storage, authentication, crash reporting, machine learning, remote
configuration, and hosting for your static files.

• Blood Bank: A Blood Bank is a place where blood is stored for needy people.
Blood Banks can store fresh blood for up to 5 to 6 weeks.

• ER Diagram: An entity-relationship model describes interrelated things of

interest in a specific domain of knowledge. A basic ER model is composed of
entity types and specifies relationships that can exist between entities.
 3

1.3 LITERATURE REVIEW:

• “Developing Location-Based Blood Donation Application”, by Azza Burgrara, et

al [1]: This research proposed a blood donation application based on location. It
locates the nearest donors based on the requester’s location rather than a fixed or
predetermined location. This gives the preference to its usage in any country where
the application is promoted. The app makes it easier to communicate with
registered donors.as well as maintaining a database of their information.

• “Design Mobile Application for Blood Donation System”, by Mana M. Hummady

et al [2]: The goal of this project is to develop a mobile application that connects
all donors, oversees a blood transfusion service, and accumulates data on blood
supply in each location. Users of the android application will be able to view which
patients need blood supplies. No emergency services and no map-support was
included in the project.

• “Factors leading to reluctance of blood donors from blood donation in

Derna/Libya”, by Raga A. Elzahaf, et al [3]: This study concluded that More than
half of the participants (54.1%) have never donated blood. The most universally
prevalent reason for this is the myths and lack of awareness related to blood
donation and its side-effects, if any. The result of this study is relatively high as
compared to the findings of the studies done in India, Dhaka, Nigeria and a few
more.

• “Prototype Design and Development of Android App for Blood Donation and
Tracking Donors”, by Muhammad Karran, et al [4]: The research based in
Pakistan, suggested an application’s prototype as well as other marketing and
business related aspects of it, which can help users connect to a set of donors and
blood banks linked with the app. However, this prototype didn’t take any location-
based functionalities into consideration.

• “Blood donor app usage behavior and perceptions: Considerations for a blood
donation app”, by Potgieter A. et al [5]: The research done in South Africa
concluded that the proportion of the smartphone owners to the total participants is
much higher than existing blood donors to total numbers of participants. An
 4

appropriate Blood donation app can significantly help in making more people
donate blood regularly.

• “Bdoor App - Blood Donation Application using Android Studio”, by S.

Periyanayagi, et al [6]: This published research paper focused on another
important aspect of mobile blood donation applications, i.e., the communication
between donors and patients concluded that these apps can provide a platform for
donors to directly connect with patients in need of blood, which can be particularly
beneficial for rare blood groups or urgent blood transfusion cases. This can help to
improve the speed and efficiency of the blood donation process, and also increase
the chances of finding a suitable donor for patients.
However, there are also challenges associated with this mobile blood donation
applications. One of the main concerns is privacy and security.

• “Development of Application to find a nearby live blood donor using the updated
location e-Information”, by Hasibur rahaman, et al [7]: This study was done on
development of Application through which, any person who is interested to give
the blood can register himself. If any client needs to make demand blood online,
he can likewise take the assistance of this App, the looking would be faster so they
can discover required subtleties quickly. The idea had one down-sight of using
query-based databases, which are not real-time databases. This can be overcome
by using realtime databases like NoSQL, Firebase, etc.

• “Blood Locator System”, by Akarsh, et al [8]: This study focused on proposal of a

Blood locator system as the title suggests. In existing systems, man to man
communication is required and it is a time-consuming process so in emergency
situation where there is urgent need of blood existing system is not convenient. To
overcome this problem, they proposed a system which provides accurate
information within less time.

• “Design and Development of Mobile Blood Donor Tracker”, by Samy S. Abu

Nesar, et al [9]: This research found that user-centered design, which prioritizes
the needs and preferences of the user, can improve the usability and user-
friendliness of the app, making it more likely that people will use it. Additionally,
the use of push notifications and reminders can also increase the likelihood of
people donating blood.
 5

In summary, mobile blood donation applications have the potential to greatly improve
the blood donation process and increase the availability of blood for those in need.
These apps can increase blood donation rates and improve communication between
donors and patients. However, there are also challenges such as privacy and security
concerns, and the need for better integration with existing health systems.

1.4 MOTIVATION:

There are several reasons motivating as to why creating a mobile application for blood
donation is important and worthwhile. One of the main reasons is the increasing use of
mobile technology in today's society. With more and more people relying on
smartphones and mobile devices for daily tasks, a mobile blood donation application
can make it more convenient and accessible for individuals to find and schedule
donation opportunities. This can help to increase the number of donors and the amount
of blood collected, which is crucial for ensuring a steady and reliable supply of blood
for patients in need.
Another important reason is the ability to connect donors and patients directly. A
mobile application can provide a platform for donors to directly connect with patients
in need of blood, which can be particularly beneficial for rare blood groups or urgent
blood transfusion cases. This can help to improve the speed and efficiency of the blood
donation process and also increase the chances of finding a suitable donor for patients.
Additionally, a mobile application can also help to mitigate some of the barriers to
blood donation such as lack of awareness or inconvenience. By providing information
and resources on the importance of blood donation, the app can help to increase
awareness and understanding of the need for blood donors. Also, by providing
convenient ways to find and schedule donation opportunities, the app can help to make
it easier for people to donate blood.
Lastly, creating a mobile application for blood donation can also be a way to positively
impact the community. By connecting donors and patients, the app can help to save
lives and make a real difference in people's lives. Additionally, by increasing the
number of donors and the amount of blood collected, the app can help to ensure that
there is a steady and reliable supply of blood for patients in need.
In conclusion, creating a mobile application for blood donation can have a significant
 6

impact on the blood donation process by making it more convenient and accessible for
donors, connecting donors and patients directly, and providing information and
resources on the importance of blood donation. It can be a powerful tool to help save
lives and make a real difference in the community.
 7

CHAPTER 2

METHODOLOGY/ PLANNING OF WORK:

2.1 PROFILES OF USERS:

The proposed project will have 4 types of users:

2.1.1. ADMIN:
The authority of the application and core functionalities are controlled by the Admin.
They have the following operations:
• Maintain the integrity of both, front-end and back-end
• Monitoring the user’s registration
• Configure access for users
• Manage the information of users
• Manage the patient request for needy users
• Manage modifications like Updating information, deletion, etc.

2.1.2 DONOR:
A donor is a person who will donate blood to the acceptors. Every donor has an
individual account. Every registered donor has some options which will be showing in
their account:
• Signup/Login
• Update your information
• Accept/Reject requests
• Delete Account/ Logout

2.1.3 PATIENT:
A Patient can be anyone who can search in the app, for the required blood, and in an
emergency issue, they can call the admin information about donors to contact
immediately:
• Signup/Login
• Search Donors and send requests to the blood (*Chat)
• Manage personal information
• Delete Account/ Logout
 8

2.1.4. BLOOD BANKS:

• A Blood Bank is a place where blood is stored for needy people. Blood Banks
can store fresh blood for up to 5 to 6 weeks.
• Both Donors and Patients can contact blood banks for scheduling blood
donation and for finding blood of required blood groups, respectively.
• Blood banks can also inform the users of upcoming blood donation drives and
keep them updated about, which blood type is available and which type isn’t
present.

2.2 ER DIAGRAM OF BLOOD DONATION SYSTEM:

The proposed ER Diagram of the blood donation system has:

• 5 entities: Donor, Patient, Blood, Hospital, and Blood Bank
All entities interact with each other in one way or another.
• Donor:
o Primary key: Contact Info
o Attributes: Name, Address, Age, Contact Info, Blood Group
• Patient:
o Primary Key: Contact Info
o Attributes: Name, Address, Age, Contact Info, Blood Group
• Blood:
o Primary Key: Sample ID
o Attributes: Sample ID, Quantity, Description, Blood Group
• Blood Bank:
o Primary Key: Blood ID
o Attributes: Blood Group, Blood ID, Address, Description

The details of the blood of patients and donor are stored in the blood tables respective
to all tables. Each entity contains a primary key and other attributes. All the entities can
be normalized and reduce the duplicity of records. Indexing can be implemented on
each table of blood donation systems for fast query execution.
Types of Relationships:
• Unary relationship: None
• Binary relationships: Donor-Patient, Donor-Blood, Patient-Hospital, Patient-
Blood Bank, Hospital-Blood Bank, Blood-Blood Bank
• Ternary relationship: None
 9

The application has achieved the relationships between patient, donor, and blood
entities. The user can send requests to the donor for donating blood, which the donor
can accept or reject. Once accepted, the donor can donate blood directly to the donor
at any medical facility, where the patient is admitted or is at that time.

Figure 2.2.1. Scoped ER Diagram

Figure 2.2.2. Final ER Diagram

 10

CHAPTER 3

RESULT ANALYSIS

3.1 FINISHED APPLICATION:

Figure 3.1.1. Landing Screen Figure 3.1.2. Login/Signup Screen

The ‘Blood Buddy’ app landing Screen (3.1.1), besides displaying the app logo,
provides options for the user to either Log-in to the app or create a new account (3.1.2).

Figure 3.1.3. Landing Page Figure 3.1.4. Login/sign up Figure 3.1.5. OTP
using a Gmail account verification
 11

Both options in Landing Page (3.1.3) leads to the page having options to log in or sign
up, using a Google Gmail account (3.1.4) or using a Phone number and its OTP
verification (3.1.5). Forgot Password option is also provided to recover the password
for the user’s account in case the user forgets his/her password.

Figure 3.1.6. Home Page Figure 3.1.7. Notifications Fig. 3.1.8. Settings Page
Page

The bottom navigation pane of the home screen of the app contains the 3 buttons which
let the user navigate to any of the 3 screens, i.e., Home Page, Notification Page, and
Settings Page:

• The Home Page (Figure 3.1.6.) of the application contains a map, integrated
with Google Maps API, with the current user marked at its center, and also other
users are shown with pin-point markers. The search button also let the user search
for any location, like hospitals, dispensaries, hotels, etc.

• The Notifications Page (Figure 3.1.7.) shows all the request notifications which
the donor receives from patients.

• The Settings Page (Figure 3.1.8.) contains the settings related to the application.
 12

Figure 3.1.9. Find the nearest Donor Figure 3.1.10. Check Availability

The Google integrated map in the app shows the location of all app users, updating in
real-time. The user is provided, the ‘Find nearest Local Admin’ button to find the
nearest donor from his/her location. After finding the closest donor, the user can send
them a request using the ‘Check Availability button.
The ‘Find Nearest Local Admin’ button (Fig. 3.1.9.) lets the user find the nearest donor
and send a notification to the donor for checking his/her availability (Fig. 3.1.10.).

Fig. 3.1.11. Donor side request Fig. 3.1.12. Shortest Path to patient
 13

After the notification is received by the Donor, he has the option to accept and let the
‘Take me There’ button (Figure 3.1.11.) do the rest of the work of finding the best-
suited path from, the patient to the donor so that they can arrange means for the donor
to reach the patient or any relative can go-get the donor, as soon as possible. This will
take the patient to the information of the donor, where they will be provided the name,
profile photo, location, and contact information of the donor. The ‘Take Me There’
Button will lead to the shortest path available between both parties, from patient to
donor. The involved parties can also decide the medium of transportation with each
other over a call or text either. Google maps then show the best-found path on the
screen, as shown in Figure 3.1.12.

Fig. 3.1.13 Panic Button Fig. 3.1.14 Emergency Notification

The Panic Button (Figure 3.1.13) present on the Home Page is to be used in case of
Emergency. This button sends an emergency notification (Figure 3.1.14) to all users to
attract immediate attention of the donors and hence the blood can react to the patient as
soon as possible.
 14

CHAPTER 4

CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE SCOPE

4.1 CONCLUSION:

In conclusion, a mobile application for connecting blood donors and patients has the
potential to greatly improve the blood donation process by making it more convenient
and accessible for donors, connecting donors and patients directly, and providing
information and resources on the importance of blood donation.
The increasing use of mobile technology in today's society makes a mobile application
a valuable tool for increasing the number of donors and the amount of blood collected,
which is crucial for ensuring a steady and reliable supply of blood for patients in need.
The ability to connect donors and patients directly through the application can also help
to improve the speed and efficiency of the blood donation process and increase the
chances of finding a suitable donor for patients.

4.2 FUTURE SCOPE:

In a nutshell, it can be summarized that the future scope of the project circles around
maintaining a direct connection between the patient, donor, and Blood bank so as to
minimize the casualties and help save lives, by making blood reach the concerned
patient on time. Some scopes of the project:
• A secure messaging system that allows donors and patients to coordinate the
details of the blood transfusion, including location, time, and any special
instructions.
• Integrate different applications’ APIs like Ola, and Uber, so that patients can book
taxis for the donor to help the donor reach the patient as fast as possible.
• A rewards system that rewards regular blood donors with incentives such as
discounts on healthcare services or merchandise.

The above-mentioned points are some of the enhancements that can be done to increase
the applicability and usage of the Application.
 15

REFERENCES

[1] (APRIL 2023) Asma M. Abd Aljalil, Reema Jawad Abobaker, Azza Bugrara,
"Developing Location-Based Blood Donation Application", Al-Qalam 6(1):166-171,
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[2] (FEBRUARY 2023) Muna M. Hummady, “Design Mobile Application for

Blood Donation System”, Conference: 2022 International Conference on Computer
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 16

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