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THE ELECTROMAGNET
William Sturgeon
- Produced the first electromagnet.
An electromagnet is a magnet
whose magnetic field is produced
by electric current passing through
coils of wire wrapped around a
core.
- Sturgeon’s electromagnet was a
horse-shoe shaped piece of iron
wrapped with loosely wound coil induced the current.
of eighteen turns. When current
was passed through the coil, the JOSEPH HENRY’S LAW
electromagnet became magnetized
and when the current was stopped - A changing electric current in a coil can
the coil was demagnetized. It was induce another current in the same coil. As
said that Sturgeon’s displayed its a result, the current in the coil consist of
power by lifting nine pounds and two components, the initial current plus an
seven-ounce piece of iron wrapped induced current. The effect is known as
with wires with a single cell as inductance.
source of current.
FARADAY + LENZ + HENRY =
MAGNETIC FORCE ON A ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION
CURRENT-CARRYING WIRE AND ON A - The process of inducing current by a moving
MOVING CHARGE magnetic field through a wire coil. As the
wire coil moves through the magnetic field,
- A current carrying wire exerts a force on a it induces an electric current. Voltage is
magnet like a compass as shown by always induced. Current is induced only if
Oersted. By Newton’s third law, a magnet circuit is closed. The direction of the wire
exerts effort on a current-carrying wire. coil’s motion affects the direction of the
electric current.
LENZ’S LAW
- The direction of an induced current is such
that its own magnetic field opposes the
original change in the magnetic flux that
𝐼 𝑃
𝑉 𝑆
𝑁 𝑆
𝐼
= 𝑉
= 𝑁
𝑃 𝑃 𝑃