Unit 4
Unit 4
https://classroom.google.com/c/MjgwMDEzMjk0MDkw/m/MzUzMDI3MDcxODE2/details 1/2
6/3/2021 Swinging Pendulum Problem - ODE - Appln.png
https://classroom.google.com/c/MjgwMDEzMjk0MDkw/m/MzUzMDI3MDcxODE2/details 2/2
¦§¨©ª©«¬¦§®¯°±²³ÿÿµ¶®·¶©¸ÿÿª®¹·«ÿº»ÿÿº¨¼½ÿ¯®¬
ÿÿÿÿ!"ÿ"#$ÿ"%"&'"ÿÿ()*+,,,ÿ#ÿ-"ÿ'-!!'!"$ÿ$ÿ!"
"'!ÿ"&'!"$ÿ!ÿ."$
/*012*13*)34)4045637
8ÿ$"9#!"$ÿÿ:%+ÿ41+*,;ÿ!"ÿ!ÿ9ÿ#!"ÿÿ!"ÿ99!"ÿ$"#!ÿÿ!"ÿ"#<
$ÿ$ÿ!$+ÿ:.ÿ!"ÿ!$ÿ$"ÿ#ÿ-"ÿ$"!""$ÿ
/2055,3*)34)/2016*137
=">'"!.ÿÿÿ:%+ÿ41+*,?ÿ!"ÿ!ÿ$ÿ!$ÿ9ÿ#!"ÿÿ!"ÿ99!"ÿ$"#!
ÿ!"ÿ"#$+
10@2 ABCÿEFGHIGHIÿJCHKLMLNÿONCPBQHGPQMRQCSTEJQPC
CHIGHCCSGHIU
VWXYZ[\]^_` a"##ÿ"%""ÿbÿc"ÿÿÿ!"ÿ"%""dÿ"ÿ">'"!.ÿ#"$
c!ÿ9-"ÿ##"%ÿ!"ÿ9"$#ÿ!ÿÿ""ÿ-$"+ÿe"ÿ"%""%ÿ99#ÿ!
'#ÿ9-"ÿ'!!".ÿ">'"ÿ!!ÿ!"ÿ9!ÿ$ÿ&"#!.ÿÿ!"ÿ-$.ÿ-"ÿfcÿÿ
'#!ÿÿ!"+ÿe""ÿ'#!ÿÿ!"ÿ&-.ÿ"ÿ!"ÿ'!ÿÿ$.ÿ$""<
!ÿ">'!+ÿe"ÿ$""!ÿ">'!ÿ"ÿ''.ÿ-"$ÿÿg"c!hÿcÿÿ!+
{GILSCÿ10@|} 8ÿÿ"i9"ÿ#$"ÿ!"ÿ9"ÿ9"$''ÿcÿ9"&'.ÿÿ:%+ÿje6+*+ÿe"
~ÿ ÿÿÿ 9 !#"ÿÿc"%!ÿkÿ'9"$"$ÿÿÿc"%!"ÿ$ÿÿ"%!ÿlme"ÿ.ÿ#"ÿ#!%ÿ
!"ÿ9!#"ÿ"ÿ!ÿc"%!ÿ$ÿ!"ÿ!"ÿnÿ!"ÿ$+ÿe"ÿ9!ÿÿ!"ÿ9!#"ÿ!ÿ.
ÿÿ !
ÿÿÿÿ "ÿÿ#9"!".ÿ9"#"$ÿÿ!"ÿÿ!"ÿ%"ÿo$ÿlm
ÿ e"ÿ""<-$.ÿ$%ÿÿ:%+ÿ41+*pÿcÿ!"ÿ#"ÿÿ!"ÿ9!#"ÿ$ÿ!"ÿ##""<
n
!
+ÿ!ÿÿ#&""!ÿ!ÿ99.ÿg"c!hÿcÿÿ!ÿÿ!"ÿq$"#!ÿ!%"!ÿ!ÿ!"
9!ÿÿ!"ÿ9!#"r
q st)/ko) kuv
v c""ÿu)!"ÿ%&!!ÿ#!!ÿb74+4ÿ!w4dÿ$ÿv)!"ÿ##""!ÿÿ!"ÿq$"#!+
y e"ÿ%'ÿ##""!ÿÿ!"ÿ9!#"ÿbxdÿ-"#"
k z x) vl
bcdefeghibcjklmnoÿÿqrjsretÿÿfjusgÿvwÿÿvdxyÿkjs
~ >~
>@
@ @
PQRSTUÿ10WXY
Z[\]ÿ\_ÿ`abc[defgfh]ÿ?dh`
if[\ea]jÿk?lkmdbÿdÿ_nhe]a\hÿ\_
]agfÿmoÿdbÿed[en[d]f`ÿ_p\g
qrstuvswvxsÿ?yabÿzl{ÿdh`ÿ]|f
[fh}]|ÿabÿuÿ_]s
ÿÿÿ!"#ÿ$%ÿ&'()'ÿÿ'**)'*+,ÿÿ-ÿ*--'+ÿ%ÿ%.'ÿ'ÿ)/*'(
-%()%ÿ0%ÿÿ!1#,ÿ2*ÿ-ÿ'ÿ/%ÿ*%/3(ÿ3+-*'(ÿ3-'%ÿ%0ÿÿ/%%
4+ÿ%0ÿÿ/%5-ÿ5-*)--5ÿÿ6'3-ÿ1ÿ'5ÿ7ÿ*%)(5ÿ.ÿ)-5ÿ0%ÿ-ÿ3)3%-80%
9'/3(,ÿÿ)(ÿ'5ÿ0%):%5ÿ;<ÿ/%5-ÿ)'%ÿ!1#ÿ/)-ÿ.ÿ'-0%/5
%ÿ2%ÿ0-:%5ÿ)'%-ÿ%ÿ.ÿ*%/3'.(ÿ2ÿÿ'.%&ÿ/%5-ÿ$-ÿ-ÿ'**%/:
3(-5ÿ'-ÿ0%((%2-ÿ$ÿ&(%*+ÿ=-ÿ505ÿ.+
>?A= B#
>@
'5,ÿ0%,ÿÿ!1#ÿ*'ÿ.ÿ93--5ÿ'-
>=ACD-? !#
>@ E
)'%-ÿB#ÿ'5ÿ!#ÿ'ÿ'ÿ*%)3(5ÿ-+-/ÿ%0ÿ2%ÿ%5'+ÿ500'(ÿ)'%-
$ÿ)/*'(ÿ-%()%-ÿ.+ÿÿ)(ÿ/%5ÿ'5ÿÿ0%):%5ÿ;<ÿ/%5ÿF&ÿ
-)(-ÿ-%2ÿÿ$'.(ÿ!,ÿ2*ÿ*%/3'-ÿÿ''(+*ÿ-%()%ÿ0%ÿÿ('ÿ)'%
%0/%%ÿGÿ!#Hÿÿ*%()/ÿI#ÿ2ÿÿ)/*'(ÿ-%()%-ÿÿ*%()/-ÿJ#,ÿK#,
'5>#
$ÿ)(ÿ'5ÿ0%):%5ÿ;<ÿ/%5-ÿ+(5ÿ500ÿ-)(-ÿ'5ÿ.%ÿ5-'Fÿ2
ÿ''(+*ÿ-%()%,ÿ'(%)Fÿÿ0%):%5ÿ;<ÿ/%5ÿ0%ÿÿ%('ÿ*'-ÿ-ÿ*(%-
%ÿÿ''(+*ÿ-%()%ÿ'ÿ-ÿÿ)(ÿ/%5ÿ$%ÿ3%3(+ÿ&'()'ÿÿ500*ÿ.:
2ÿÿ('ÿ'5ÿ%('ÿ/%5(-,ÿÿ-ÿ/3%'ÿ%ÿ5/ÿÿ'**)'*+ÿ%0ÿÿ):
/*'(ÿ-)(-ÿ$-ÿ-ÿ'**%/3(-5ÿÿÿ2'+-ÿL-,ÿÿ)(ÿ)/*'(ÿ-%()%ÿ-
'-(+ÿ*%FM5ÿ'-ÿ'5)'ÿ.*')-ÿÿ%&-%%-ÿÿ'(ÿ*%5%ÿ'ÿ@ABÿ-ÿ$-
*('(+ÿ&%('-ÿ*%-&'%ÿ%0ÿF+ÿN*%5,ÿ*%()/ÿK#ÿ'5ÿ>#ÿÿ$'.(ÿ!ÿ-%2ÿ
-%()%ÿ%0ÿÿ0%):%5ÿ;<ÿ/%5ÿ0%ÿ-3ÿ-M-ÿ%0ÿBB1ÿ'5ÿBB!ÿO*')-ÿ-ÿ&'+
¢£¤¥¦¥§¨©¢£ª«¬®¯ÿÿ±²ª³²¥´ÿÿ¦ªµ³§ÿ¶·ÿÿ¶¤¸¹ÿ«ªº
DEFGHÿJKLMNOPQRLSÿLUÿVWXÿNXPQLYÿLUÿOSÿLRZQ[[OVQS\ÿ]LY^ÿZO[Z_[OVXYÿUPLMÿ[QSXOPÿOSY
SLS[QSXOPÿMLYX[R`
abcdefgÿh
ijdkdlm Gdjblcÿnefbm oejmdjblcÿnefbm
pdqrmlsbtbjkgÿ1u vwxyyz~
{|} otbcdslmÿemkdejÿeÿHJÿvJ
y
y
y
ÿÿÿ!"#ÿ$#"%ÿÿ&ÿ"&"'#ÿÿ"&&!ÿ"ÿÿ&#ÿ(ÿ"ÿ&$ÿ&)
*+*,ÿ&ÿ"#&ÿ" "ÿ(ÿ&ÿ-ÿÿ".+ÿ/%ÿÿÿ*+*,0&ÿ&$0&)ÿ"&%
1'"&ÿ"ÿ#"#ÿ!"2!!ÿ3"#ÿÿ*+456756ÿ"ÿ89,+:7ÿ&ÿ;ÿ&(ÿÿ/"'#ÿ<5+,=+ÿ/&
"&ÿ"ÿÿ$#!ÿ&ÿÿ&ÿ-"#ÿ$&ÿ(ÿ0$#"ÿ" ".ÿ(ÿ"
$ÿÿ,+:7ÿ&+ÿ/&ÿ&"&ÿ"##(ÿ.ÿÿ&"#.ÿ"&&!ÿ"ÿÿ
'(ÿ#!&ÿ;>=ÿ"ÿ;?=ÿÿ/"'#ÿ<5+,ÿ#.ÿ$&&ÿÿÿ'(ÿ
#"ÿ"ÿ#"ÿ!#+
@ÿ(".ÿÿ"")ÿÿÿ'(ÿÿ#"ÿ"ÿÿ#"ÿ!#
&ÿÿÿ'"&&ÿÿ$+ÿ/"'#ÿ<5+<ÿ&(&ÿÿ$ÿÿ&##"ÿ"&ÿ"##"ÿ'.ÿÿ#0
"ÿ!#ÿ"ÿ#"ÿ!#ÿÿÿÿ"#ÿ&$#"!&+ÿAÿ&ÿ&ÿ"ÿ
"##"ÿ$&ÿ"-ÿ#&#.ÿ(ÿ1&ÿ&!"##ÿ'"&ÿ1&ÿ"ÿ-ÿ"$$2!"ÿÿ&1
ÿBC+ÿ;<5+,:=+ÿ/&ÿ"$$2!"ÿ"&ÿ(ÿ1'!&ÿ#"-+
/&ÿ""#.&&ÿ"ÿ.$"#ÿÿ"&&ÿ.ÿ(##ÿ#.ÿÿ"&ÿ"ÿ-+ÿ/
#.ÿÿÿ!"#ÿC&ÿ'!&ÿ$"#"#.ÿ&-"ÿÿ#"ÿ$'#!&%
"ÿÿ!".ÿ"&&ÿ"#0(#ÿ$'#!&ÿ"ÿ#"+