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    Sasmita moharana
    The document discusses object-oriented programming concepts in Java such as encapsulation, abstraction, inheritance and polymorphism. It explains how Java classes contain methods and fields to implement objects and describes relationships between classes. Reusability of classes is also discussed as it allows building software from existing components.

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    Document 4

    Uploaded by

    Sasmita moharana
    6 views2 pages
    The document discusses object-oriented programming concepts in Java such as encapsulation, abstraction, inheritance and polymorphism. It explains how Java classes contain methods and fields to implement objects and describes relationships between classes. Reusability of classes is also discussed as it allows building software from existing components.

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    The document discusses object-oriented programming concepts in Java such as encapsulation, abstraction, inheritance and polymorphism. It explains how Java classes contain methods and fields to implement objects and describes relationships between classes. Reusability of classes is also discussed as it allows building software from existing components.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    6 views2 pages

    Document 4

    Uploaded by

    Sasmita moharana
    The document discusses object-oriented programming concepts in Java such as encapsulation, abstraction, inheritance and polymorphism. It explains how Java classes contain methods and fields to implement objects and describes relationships between classes. Reusability of classes is also discussed as it allows building software from existing components.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 2

    Java OOPs Concepts

    Object-Oriented: Although influenced by its predecessors, Java was not designed to be


    source-code compatible with any other language. This allowed the Java team the freedom
    to design with a blank slate. One outcome of this was a clean, usable, pragmatic approach
    to objects. Borrowing liberally from many seminal object-software environments of the last
    few decades, Java manages to strike a balance between the purist’s ―everything is of my
    way‖ model. The object model in Java i such as integers, are kept as high-performance non
    objects. [JAVA PROGRAMMING] Page 4 OOD encapsulates (i.e., wraps) attributes and
    operations (behaviors) into objects, an object’s attributes and operations are intim
    information hiding. This means that objects may know how to communicate with one
    another across well-defined interfaces, but normally they are not allowed to know how
    other objects are implemented ,implementation details are hidden within the objects
    themselves. Wecan drive a car effectively, for instance, without knowing the details of how
    engines, transmissions, brakes and exhaust systems work internally—as long as we know
    how to use the accelerator pedal, the brake pedal, the wheel and so on. Information hiding,
    as we will see, is crucial to good software engineering. Languages like Java are object
    oriented. Programming in such a language is called object-oriented programming (OOP),
    and it allows computer programmers to implement an object-oriented design as a working
    system. Languages like C, on the other hand, are procedural, so programming tends to be
    action oriented. In C, the unit of programming is the function. Groups of actions that
    perform some common task are formed into functions, and functions are grouped to form
    programs. In Java, the unit of programming is the class from which objects are eventually
    instantiated (created). Java classes contain methods (which implement operations and are
    similar to functions in C) as well as fields (which implement attributes). Java programmers
    concentrate on creating classes. Each class contains fields, and the set of methods that
    manipulate the fields and provide services to clients (i.e., other classes that use the class).
    The programmer uses existing classes as the building blocks for constructing new classes.
    Classes are to objects as blueprints are to houses. Just as we can build many houses from
    one blueprint, we can instantiate (create) many objects from one class. Classes can have
    relationships with other classes. For example, in an object-oriented design of a bank, the
    ―bank teller‖ class needs to relate ―safe‖ class, and so on. These relationships
    Packaging software as classes makes it possible for future software systems to reuse the
    classes. Groups of related classes are often packaged as reusable components. Just as
    realtors often say that the three most important factors affecti location,‖ people in the
    software community affecting the future of software development are ―reuse, classes
    when building new classes and programs saves time and effort.Reuse also helps
    programmers build more reliable and effective systems, because existing classes and
    components often have gone through extensive testing, debugging and performance
    tuning. Indeed, with object technology, you can build much of the software you will need
    by combining classes, just as automobile manufacturers combine interchangeable parts.
    Each new class you create will have the potential to become a valuable software asset that
    you and other programmers can use to speed and enhance the quality of future software
    development efforts.

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