Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 33 views

    10 Halogen Derivatives of Alkanes and Arenes

    Uploaded by

    fedbit2020
    The document discusses various halogen derivatives of alkanes and arenes. It provides examples of reactions of alkyl halides and aryl halides, including nucleophilic substitution and elimination reactions. It also covers the reactivity and mechanisms of primary, secondary and tertiary alkyl halides. Optical activity of some derivatives is mentioned.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    10 Halogen Derivatives of Alkanes and Arenes

    Uploaded by

    fedbit2020
    33 views3 pages
    The document discusses various halogen derivatives of alkanes and arenes. It provides examples of reactions of alkyl halides and aryl halides, including nucleophilic substitution and elimination reactions. It also covers the reactivity and mechanisms of primary, secondary and tertiary alkyl halides. Optical activity of some derivatives is mentioned.

    Original Title

    10-halogen-derivatives-of-alkanes-and-arenes

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The document discusses various halogen derivatives of alkanes and arenes. It provides examples of reactions of alkyl halides and aryl halides, including nucleophilic substitution and elimination reactions. It also covers the reactivity and mechanisms of primary, secondary and tertiary alkyl halides. Optical activity of some derivatives is mentioned.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    33 views3 pages

    10 Halogen Derivatives of Alkanes and Arenes

    Uploaded by

    fedbit2020
    The document discusses various halogen derivatives of alkanes and arenes. It provides examples of reactions of alkyl halides and aryl halides, including nucleophilic substitution and elimination reactions. It also covers the reactivity and mechanisms of primary, secondary and tertiary alkyl halides. Optical activity of some derivatives is mentioned.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 3

    10 Halogen Derivatives of Chapter

    Alkanes 10: Halogen Derivatives of Alkanes


    and Arenes

    and Arenes

    1. CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – Br 


    Alc.KOH
     CH3 – CH = CH2 
    HBr
     CH3 – CH – CH3
    1-Bromopropane Propene
    (A) Br
    2-Bromopropane
    (B)

    aq.KOH
    CH3 – CH – CH3

    OH
    Propan-2-ol

    Br2
    2. CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – I 
    Alc.KOH
     CH3 – CH = CH2   CH3 – CH – CH2
    Propene
    1-Iodopropane
    (A) Br Br
    1,2-Dibromopropane
    (B)

    NaNH2/NH3
    CH3 – C  CH
    Propyne
    (C)
    CH3
    1 2 3 4 5
    3. CH3 – C  C Na+ + (CH3)2CHCl 
    Alcohol
    CH 3  C  C  CH  CH 3 + NaCl
    Sodium methyl 2-Chloropropane
    4-Methylpent-2-yne
    acetylide

    4. Order of reactivity towards nucleophilic substitution reaction is:


    Allyl halide > alkyl halide > vinyl halide > halo benzene

    5. CH3 2
    CH – Cl
    CH3
    Isopropyl chloride

    Secondary alkyl halide can undergo hydrolysis either by SN1 or SN2 mechanism.

    6. H It undergoes SN1 mechanism and due to asymmetric carbon atom, it is optically active.

    C
    Br CH3
    C6H5
    1-Bromo-1-phenylethane

    7. Due to resonance stabilisation in aryl halides, C – X bond acquires some double bond character.

    8. Presence of electron withdrawing group (NO2) facilitates the benzene ring towards nucleophilic substitution
    reaction.

    1
    Std. XII : Triumph Chemistry
    9. CH3 CH3
    COOH COOH
    + Br2  Fe

    o-Toluic acid
    Br
    3-Bromo-6-methylbenzoic acid

    10. CH2  Cl CH2CN

    C2 H5  OH
    + NaCN  

    Br Br
    4-Bromo benzyl 4-Bromo benzyl
    chloride cyanide

    NH2 N2Cl Br
    11.
    NaNO2  HCl
    
    280 K
     
    CuBr / HBr
    Sandmeyers
     + N2
    reaction
    Benzene Bromobenzene
    Aniline
    diazonium
    chloride
    12. Due to o- and p-directing  Cl group, all the products given in the option (A), (B) and (C) will be formed.

    Cl Cl
    Cl Cl
    13. + 10Cl2  hv
    Cl Cl + 10HCl

    Cyclopentane
    Cl Cl
    Cl Cl
    1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-Decachlorocyclopentane
    2
    14. CH3 – CH – CH2 – CH3 (2-Chlorobutane) optically active compound undergoes SN mechanism with
    |
    Cl
    100% inversion.

    15.

    3 + CHCl3 
    anhydrous AlCl3
     C–H + 3HCl

    Benzene Chloroform

    Triphenylmethane
    (Friedel Craft’s Reaction)

       
    H I I
    16. CH3 – CH = CH2 
    peroxide
     CH 3  CH  CH 3 
    peroxide
     CH3 – CH – CH3
    Propene |
    I
    2-Iodopropane

    17. Primary alkyl halides undergo SN2 reaction which involves the complete stereochemical inversion.
    2
    Chapter 10: Halogen Derivatives of Alkanes
    and Arenes
    18. CH3 CH3 CH3

     CH3 – CH2 – C = CH2 


    H2 / Catalyst
    CH3 – CH2  CH – CH2Cl 
    C2 H5 ONa / C 2 H5 OH
    peroxide
    CH3 – CH2 – CH – CH3
    1-Chloro-2-methylbutane 2-Methylbutane

    H3O  Br
    19. C6H5CH2Br 
    Mg, ether
     C6H5CH2MgBr   C6H5CH3 + Mg
    Benzyl Benzyl Toluene OH
    bromide magnesium
    bromide
    C2H5 C2H5
    20. 2CH3(CH2)2  CH – CH2CH3 + 2Na 
    Wurtz reaction
     CH3(CH2)2 – CH  CH  (CH2)2CH3 + 2NaI

    I 4,5-Diethyloctane
    3-Iodohexane

    21. Freon (CCl2F2), teflon [ (CF2  CF2 )n] and iodoform (CHI3) are halogen derivatives of alkane.
    Vinyl chloride (CH2 = CH  Cl) is not a haloalkane.

    You might also like