' eam Aefnikon tt ', (Set) unoadersd A set vs a, colclion of dix tivok oLijeoks. hefiuition 25 a objodls ty a sue are Cobled His elaurenls 404. mem bess of Hs poh. A pebts card fb coubon th chemsntt, ; ee 4. The seb of postive eee Us» Hom 100 aan fax dousked Luy 7! a, 3-591] 9. Ry be ook of Desk wun bers. Aafivaion 3 8 | “Two sls ans. 2quok af ond only tf teay have fel Sy aolemeuls , Trot I5y FE A omel B ann Sul hou Aad B f ac (264 <9 208). WE wale are equal f and ony : A= Pf A owd B re tual sets. 6] of $3534 aw equal. 2g TH els S43 Veun oliagrams , ¥ Seb ae pepraerted peng mowed oft He Pugaiste rrratosm afan- TJehn Veun, who trbroduced Hatt wor i g v= a i wud© The sok uslioh hoo uo gliment is called euoply seb od, ae vl Ack and alemebed Avy Dor §} + A cet ust om slomenk 1S called! a srglelon sob: eafivition4 ¢ The seh A 18 Gord to bs a subset of B off arog glans of A is ho an ehomont of B. We wae te motation ACB & rndeote Ait a subset of Hs Ak B. wACBR > Nx ¢ zeA2xeB) 1's brew, + pos, Ses. y When A¢B awd ACB, Huw A is gard bh toa proper. subseb of &. Vx (xcA—> 208) A Fa (EB AHA) | whon 5? Kr S Lea seb. If Ms are exactly on oisknck eeumesdy + E whore et emgiat Sts. fine sek ond Bok nis he Cardanedthy of 6. The cardinals of S i dousked ay LS. LE 5 Let A be toe sot of od positive integen U1 Han Jo A-S 1,9, 5) 4} 5 IS 2.1 Dl-e Aofinilion 6 3 Tare wah Aaifinte. fit & vat fate eg. a. ve ¢@ The Powe Sek 6 Civen oO gakS, Hs poor sek of S i Hw Set of alk pobsels o fhe pu §. TH powa sok of S is dewobed »y PCS). ag 1 Whar is Ine poner set of fos cot Sorte2}] ° Yau uat)e Gf EEE ED S55, Bt et 2.9(p)- 564 @ Grtesion Produols & hefivition F% Tue oveered oncbuple (av dar an) ts the ordered entiection Mel dor a, 09 ib fash elemerk- , 42. oe ik secoval ebemenk , owd an aa ils wi * ne eemerk. Two topes ordered port (ai pn90a9--7 OH) awd (br 27 bay -nogbn) are Samed ff (arzee | 5 peal 2s8,-- 77 vwtkon & % tor Aawd 6 Dt cots. The cartesion duct of Aol ® cid tay AXO, 1 te seh of "Prine pois (ab) , where ach awd be. Heuer, Axo=S (a,b) | ath a bEB gt. An 3 srt, g- fac). vet Safe ford] : § (sa (409) (800), } , 1281, (AHABExcercise ¢ 2. | BYA Aefiutton Bq The cortesiaw produck of Hrs sets Ay Agi Aw denoted Lng Ay ALR: KA) oS He set of ordered r- haps (arte %), where 4: 7 by Ai Pea te dey pH, Te ofr words, Ay XA Rhy = ea ee pr t= (2, a1) eq Ae $0.8), B- S13, ef 0129 Axe = ue (0,2), (4e4l, (a2)} AXBx@ = ce (OW, (Ot), (0/2,0), (92,1), (0,242), (U9, (00), Che te2), URAC 21), (eee) j ¥ Using sel uolatow jw qpuouk fierss ey 1. Ye (a0) (Tour) ys. SQUAML of ntti | (24) 7 (rue Kat eh, = ) cuchtol Wet. es 9. dxeZ There est an wee "Than exis am inbege wohose Spon cel!@ P(x) Ixl=t 7 ao Mmeean SE Ri ! " igi=x" Pra) rs FAue whan ae Lon-l. ~The Huta gob of P is $447, Qo! is Prue. Wwhow x= AZ OA- V2 ¢Z. ms brut set of Q's Dp. Riis rae whew a ete Sea Pe 4 [ex )po« <5 tan pede sot of R iS fl are} @ Set Operations 5 Aefwclion 4 ( Uniew of faselt ) 8 det Aad B Le two ¢g. (+ |[Avgl =lAlelel— [Aabl 4,3 fe 954Aafinhen A [op A ol 2 hoo eels, Thr cliffererce of Aad B, clemated uy A-B, 8 fos. sok combainn Prose elements Hrd one in A Leap po nD. The difference of A aol B's abso colled He couptananl of B vile respect b A. phefintko 5S. —_—_—. ole U Le tose uuvessal seb, Tha +0 devoted fy he's the Complenmnk of A_ unr paspeck- LU Ta oftod esoads y Hos complemen of te seb A ic U-A wpuaet of Har sek Ay Ae fate} Paxeg fb grew | we } Ke IN-A= fee 0), © Lp Tdealtifes 8 4. Tdonkity laws! Au$ =A 2. abrwivokion dems? AVOU=$0, Ande fh 3. Tdowpolont Lows AUA=A, AnAnA 4. Conptunstotnn (owt (B) °A 5. Commutative (ws? AUB= BUA, AAb=B0A (avB)u ey Aa (BOC )= C4ag)ac u=A ) An 6. Ascoetative Gust Ay (BUC) = F Aatrrtenkve Cowses Aa (Buc) = (AN8)U (Ane) Av (Bac) = (Avs) A (auc) 's lawst FOB A AB, AB-Av 8: de Beles J. Absorphon (omss AU (A08) =A Al (AuB)= Jo. fRounplumont (awss AUA=U, Aaa=9, > wl eet AB > hUB trxe Tia > 1¢ 400 3 akAarde PrehverO a aachuB qeina 1 (ze4)a (x06) ) = 1 (net) v 18) gthvv~dB > re8 vy Ved 226 ARG ~:[ Aa cAvB! —(L)(ok 2ERUE jer v reB 2 ah v 1€8 > —t (Gea) va(zes)) = . fore ae] — © Fpem(4) ad (2), [rae = 20% | x Altervolive Phoof. ° counp(umerd- Fie = felegass} | By definition of 1 ( rang) = 2E ANB > 240K = §« + (2¢(ane))} , By defrtlion of bes aia symbol = § atfeen alee] defiachion of inkeasechion = Sal (ea) v ee}, By ae of ote Kage 22 Dok aaa = Sal ag¢ay ade} Bay definskon of 0 to symbod 9 efirhen of counpls ment = 7 wen V ret} a Su xekuk ; | By aefinthion of anon - Kvub eee | of sek builder. vofetou -2. Ose a vaeasborship tbe fo show Hak AN (ue) =(ANB)U (Ane). 2 & £ Boe An (sue) Ans Ane (s0so (ane | (ed t | i ' l > = ' \ I 0 ! ee : 5 ! Ae 0 0 0 ot ! 0 oo “ere 1 8 0 ° iene { i 0 a ~ 0 6 Pietel? AO (EAC) =Aa (Fue )-(20P) Mafivtion 6S Ths Union ofa aoltschion of % bo, those clunentt Prot are members at Ce sets ie the set Hot Couluws eollchou. We ure fax aolohon Ay UA) U- -- UAW = Om. do fimction $2 The intersechion ofa a@Uochon of seks fe tha cet Hat conlaiwe tnrese plomenrks Mob are members fa Hr seb in He eolltction, We une Ie nololion Af Ay M1... An = Jai. 4 we § Las oY for. as 4 - 0 A - OS 113,- fe aan | Ce Agias. A} I [ = A $3}.Sy Ths bit eas fa ts seks 8 4/23, +5? ond St 35.494 one W110 0900 and Jo 1016 1010 paspedivdsy, Use bik ae find Hos mow amd sukenseoton of Hose oes, G403,45f0 815799 Ow v Awan = tf Ul0 9000 VY LO 1010 1010 4 Lito 0000 10 toto tol = 11 IMO 1010 = 8 1 23, 405, 4} S23, 459N Su 3, BHT {lo 0000 or to fole o1o1e 0090 = Lt tO O00 A 10 (oto {Oto = 10 1010 9000 = fur}@ Fuchiom 3 ( Mappings ob. Lraunpsmotiowr ) ereeneeee Lot A amAB be wonlmply seke. A function ¢ assignment of enoclyy ove elamort of B 4p ach elomert of 4, We wake fia fb ro Hae atquar clawowl of B aesiguad Any toe famction £ fo Han elomont a ofA. af f rs a Pamchion faom A bB , we waile fare from A eB ts ay definslion 2 2 Ip f ica furdion from A h B we say beak Acc Hoa domain off ad B is te Codowoin of f. Tf fod=b, we ny b 3s ta. image of 0 and a is a preimage of b. The — Auge of f ts ha seb of wh aie of elements ofa A. Abo, Mf tea fematon frum Ato we oy bab fmepe Ab £ bafta) See 8 fins ce t. fpur® 5 free. Doman 2, Co-domain =I Range = Se, fag }sdefeubron? 6 La hao furcovo from AIR. Then fi tfr. awd Lek fr ome fa, frp abo fam obiow from AbR de five Lng (fe pd ed= fro fae) Cf fo) @) >ftl fad eae fy IROR cfu faead= 197 9) ferdfon). ega.f! oa 12845) vette fealty #ll°5y feet, feate3is OWe—OWw + el f | fea . be yO Qe P s 3 4 9 Fea-3 4 e 5 2. fax why fr UZ 4's nab oncom ance flat nfo tak AL 3. fou =P este 2 eT Thaw, fit lll OWL Ok 4 fiRa& whoe fra art. - fous =f07) = meta Te = 2eY. Hers firs 6rr-Orea defivchdubs A fomchion f vohose clowain pind Cacowain are subets of che sek of Asal uumbers 'S cooled a rf {eo ££) and pbaic saoncasing. "fF fu ¢ fey) g whonever. ney aed aavdy are i tnaYclomain off. Similar y f 1s coded deomssrg t foo » fon and pbwett deonesg f BN ree, for for yaboner>- acy onc avdy are ff a When fis imcpeosing, W2V¥Y (x ey 9 fous fm) powcelty smog, VAWy (269 7 fon efor) De , gary (29-9 109 2°F 2? piety decry (7. por for) . eet from Ab Bis called gale, or. pur jeckre , au cle ath ’ cveny elomnbnk BED, WAR VS ffm od reckon sf THs enh ferk jf omy ved such bak a=-L 6 | eT, te oder But Hence, fis ef onto. ,2 fp Zod, form Here, f rs owl since fe ey x Such Hal feory. fary Addo * sefiuihion 8 2 TTRe fureetion + isa a Lijection sf (a) Que-hore wel onb ? of ae ok be o3 ce of CC) Ous-h-ov8 avd oube ; Qa @ ef be os ee es ae aa @) Nok o ae be Ce st ts both one-hour puleger. , dom ‘heen, ff ale 9? ry, ove-fo-onwe eornresp orrdtenee, oA, and oto. (8) Ok aah entah-o4tt (a) Neo. ous-fo-ore wos. ‘enh ¢ 7 i a, i b aie :@ Tense Fanci on cee Of Rnetonet Ee apn Ist f a oue-b-oue Qorrespondence prow fas 22 Nhe ug eb B. THe inverse prsotion of ffs He fourchion Hol- asugia f aw oloment b oe a nA suoh Hak flatab. Ma Snwese fouction of f ts doveled Lu) f" lbuce, fo =a who for=b.. gt fi Te ead such byob frar=2, fr=3 awd feo-4 Un elton rg aA OWE ftewtls cud go fis inverhole- ple fa fr fp-ovr coarespondence . lence, ae fw such Hak feo=rt- fs quab-owe and onto avd bance , inverb? be. Lb 9 = fer =ae PreYL. 3. f:R> R wth for)=0 Be course, f= tt =4. So, fs not our-h -onk. Hence, fes ooh invert’. + St f: 9 BF waite fare” Thon, Fes inwerh'be-a b) re aes cdefinition f0° lok q be o fasehiow from Has seh as funclion fin tue famchowr fond, danoted 204 FG °' (Fy) (a= re) b lbs sek B owd wt F Le Gp Flgeo) )“4 fia . qz-4u fla) = dees ‘inlet . (top =f qe) = f(3r2) = 2 (3242)43 = 6r4F. (ppm fi qr) . gia” = 3(o1e3)+2= Cae ll. + The Gaozh of Famch'or's Aofiwhon 110 bet f 40% of be fomcbion ft s oe te 7 awh ftw) = Duel. fom ebiow from boo seb A bo fe sekB. The tas. sel- of ohderrd pairs jelAsfivition 12.2 The ftom. furuchon assiqua fo Hea Beak riumnb, x be ae al inkegeh, Mole ¢ less than 0%, eypol tox. The valu of Has. feoor. fom ebron ab x is heucted Ly lag. The scibeg fosrelion AsiBvo fy tx Beal uunbete x tre Protest Tabeg o2- Inok %e Qpealey, trom 0h. ogquol by x. The voluh of be 7 forchon ak x fe Aonotod Ly [2] Lud= [x] £9. |a[-*- [a]-4. foe fle ae fail=4, Utlet, [1-F. (4 y=B4 floor.0 Relahowr 6 Lael be seks. A bi ; gubset of AXB. ee ae Ab B is a (am) &} ake Aafiutkon 2 § is a peloton pron h bDA . Tn kor. aus A relation tha oak A ro a oudseb of AXA. roots, % jolakow ow a sel A S44. Ae Sa] Take Fon a divédles 6). Then, = rp § (8, (2), (40392 (Bea), (BAD, (222, (23,44) Corsrden Waese Aelahons or Hat sot of inlegeass aC) R= § tenia se] as () R= 5 tl are} (CO Ry= i of as 8} @ uF (ao)| art} (2) R= S (ae)] anbed ] CE) Re = 5 Gol athe } Illa of. Hse debliona covlain each of ene (0), Cua), (ed, Od omd (2,2)) ’% Propertion of Relahowe! Sefinshon3 ¢ A roletion Ron a se A es coMed peflesdve faa eR por owory elmemt ath. — \fa (ca) eg k- § (00. Mafiuction 4 § A relation Ron a seb A is colled pyravrobc f fia} €& whanever (a,b)ER, pez aabeA. A pelakon R ou 0 Sel A such ho fer ake are A, Hf (abER aud (balER fram a-b rs called ankisymmuebric, ave (Ca,rR— (b,a) ER) PSyrmnehncc Aufivrtion 5 § see eceee (baler) > aab ) > aulpsy much { pelalion R on a eh A Ps Called trausthive if ushener (abreR and (BOER y fron (ac) ER, Pr ah ab cA. voc ( ( Camen (.creR) (HOR ) ee Ae $3}, BS 4034] Ri= Ae (22), (aay) ; Ra=$ (01), Chee) » (039, Curd) ORs, Rr ORys RB , Ry -k.Befiuston £0 Lok R bea Aelahon from a sokA boa sot B and S$ a S0lakion prom B ta set C. The counpostte of k avd cs He Relation cousistivg of ordersd paras (arc), abou ach cl C and Pr weld Hox exists aun ohemenl beB auch Hot (arbyeR and (be) ES We cdeweldd He composite of R wd S Gog SR. eg: RE G23} Gin 34} R= § Cu, (ua), (23), (89, (3-4) } ae § 4.003.4} © Px Gone} S- § (ve), 20, (1,092), AV} SRe $ Cooyluth (00, Gotan} (2,2) Defwtonf s tod R Boo pelakon on far Sek A. The pooe & nal 23-- - oe defined prounsivdy Ley RR and co kk Waosunt ¢ Ce cmiaeinaeamn “uw ha gelation Ron sok A ie prausitive Sff Rckpowinsa fopre sen Relations: Lekoeaw flute seks Can Le Aepaes eurtod A selabon oo gedo- one wmabaix, Suppose that Risa Athen a fom Be § aetrey ae] bh ge Sb b: vba). The otion Ro cam Le Repaesonted pwobin, Mg = Lai J; fe P oy K J ee 1 sf (anpeR, way = J io 4 Grit. gg ts At § 1.234, B= $424 ab “ff arb. Tham, RE fer, (23), (22)4 bet by=2 =f ° Me Ran} OL ° L NOTE 6 1 Rice Aeferive ond if (aA dER hanover aA. Ris sefenive iff (4, a)ER for tela, 3,.-, 4. Thr, min et 2. Ris sym websic of Mg isa Symunetaic mralrunx,3. Ris anblsymmnebric ff wir aa ode Meee who ine at tt oO ae ae . Oecd Ts R roflentve , symunsbate anat/or. onhtuy mevetare ] v AU Hoe aa autsies of Mg are L , heuce Ris AeflexN Mg WS symmetric 2 Mi R is Symmokacic Ris wok « anbtog munekhic . PeOnet 41 0 1 3. Me) 7 [: 0 | pe ioe dit o 10 10 6 i. M 4 KURy ES (a7 fatto =M, AB Mp. = 0 4 Men Ry Me, i & a)ih le atl dm eg Le Re S Coil (a9), Cr, (0.32, (2A), (811,021,400) freuen tad) 4 R= i (tea), (U3) y (22 (21th (303), (210, (5), (un (4394° Fquivolence Relaliow $ bofinchon 1 % A pelahon on a sekA % called aguivaleuce AeGhin f ob reflexive, symmnshace P and baausthive~ Xr finchion 2. : “Tao claments a and b fat are, related Lay on equivalence Mlakon aa bled cquivalenh. Tha uolahon arb ee ofter| used bh devote fot a ad b are aquivalent clements walk Aespect tra parhiculan, Oguivelonce Avlahin . SB 1. Let R be ta relahon on R such Hat ab “ff a-b 3% am taken. (4) akba Since, A-a40 1S Om ba jae Hence, R is (+) akb 2a-b Ss au Pakegen. Jb-a tan Talegen, =) bRa. Henee, R is symmabo'c,, (@) okb Pa-bis aw Taber / bRe >pb-c is au Pategon. : w (arb)e (bo) = anc aw a 2 ake, tence, Ris trousihive, Consequarky, Ris am opuivalence ulation .pg. ab Aff a= b (media) R= Caw) a=b Geter i Check for euivalonce sclabon. 9. "divides" velakon on I akb Hf alb fr abezt, 2[4 = 2RB4, Luk 4K2 since, 42. Herve, Hus is nok an equivalorce pelahou . 4 thy HH faylet , pa ave. Take, %°28) yeh, Bell. |x-y| = (2-6-(-4] =0-9¢1. fy-2| = [9-4] 20-821. Bub | faz [26-bit FAL. Tee Res nef an apurvelence Aclafion . aficln 32 (Extenlonce Cases lab R bo ou equivalence Aelakon own a sekA. Tho set of au elem ents Thal ave Atlted fo an element a of A : equivelance olass of @- The Yevalouce class ped ule nespect aR & demoted hy [a]p . Yeenny [ile ‘sl (a5) a}Med a Aapresantahve of Tf be [ak , then b's tars ayivalence class. €9- 4. thal ave He eputvalence classes of Oawd f pr congence module 4 ) [o1, = azo(weda) alee ala ele : wey HAO, 4, By } 4la-L [1], = 421 (vaca ) ~) GI, = Foy BHT | 2. shtf Fs ondk are bi strings with sot oh Samdt are Abrias of at Umok Hidce bit Hat start wlth Me quae face bi. Loui, = On, Ollo, Ol, Oll00, Oll ot, Ouro, o1nn.- ’ ta« Taonora 19 inal Lok R be ow equivalence selahrn on a sebA. Those gh duranuls pr aloumenls ax amd-b fA are apivelenk; c) ab CO) Elst], aw) blab ¢ fp. Thaoroun 2° —_—_ lob R be aw agyuivalenrce Aelahin on a seb S. Then tro eqrvelenee classes of R foaur a portion fs. Conversely y or" a perithon S Ai| rex} of eu wet S, foore S am eqyurvalonce Aelafion RK tak har Ha sks °, te , ao ths equivalence classes. BL. Whob ave toe sels in Hao pavttiion of fae niegets arising from — cougruemce onodurlo 4] cays Genscan ctl, - aoe BBA Lot, a an is Bed [31, ae <5, 4,3, ae favtifion ® A partition ofa eek S isa collection of disjoint ran -curphy gubsels of $ tot hove, S a theta, auton. Gea eolloch> of. subsets Ay, i€L (where Z°5 au inden set) forms 2 partion of $ ff QO Aso for MeL, CY Ay May = fh when Pf, CC) ages. °eL © Partial Oaderingg ° A awokon R en sot $ ts called partial ordering of, partial caden if th is Seflexive, anbisymunelicc, arnt fransi five - A stS efor, uh oa portik oadeni R ts eolled a portally ordered set, Om, pose , and ts denaked Ley (S/R), Mumbers of S ave ealledl dlemenls of- tae poset 41. Show Haak the "greater tran ov eaol” relation (} fe poral st on Ihe seb of inkegers. lord for ewery heen a. Thon yy te veplexive . (arb) and. (62a! =pazb. Howce seyinmalae, ’ G7! Cant) and be 2 fare). beuce, dransidive9. Show thot he jnolusion sclation C tsa por biol as onthe power set of a sebs. ACA whenever, fits a subse of $. So, € is aeflexive « ALB wd BSA DAB. SS js anlisymuelre. C9 ACB ond BEC FACC. So, C is transitive. lbnce, Cha partial onder on PC). -dhofinitin 2°, Ts elomouls a and of a poset (3, A) are called counparr able if ular, ahb rabda. Whwna acd b ave clemtuls of 8 Such bale ueihsr, AAL ws b4a ad ot oe eer “afction 3 2 If (3; A) ts a poseé and avery too elemouls of © are courparable , S is called oe ordered or Prasary ordered . seb , wal ae wlted atoll eader om a Linu cade A btally ordeal set is alse calla 4 ham. Gefuikh 4 (6,4) tsa well-ordered set tf tts a poseh such, Hale <4 isa toto | and every won ounphy Shs of $ how o teart = element,ce f (z’, 1) ts a poser. ala 7 [ss rep lanive - a anh alb avd bla Jack. S$, | isa symmebaic. alb awe blell =pale. So, [us transPHve- 3lq, Hace, 3ST. Comparable - BY #. Vener, © BF. Not compa 2. The poset (UZ, £) is tohatty ordered , because ach of bZa whenever a and b are of 3. The sek of ordered paiss of pesifive ites Dixzt wih (a 2) & (br &) Mf aigb, oA*f a, ab, and ay Eby (Ho fio saan Isa well oadered sof. Thaei 4 ee PRINCIPLE OF WELL-ORDE, ED INDUC Bou R Suppose fot S is a wul-ardered sek. Then P(a) 3 + fro xes tf INDUCTIVE STEP: fix every yes, f P(x) iS true fu, att ces wih ZA y then Ply) es true.bast Suppose TFA wok tha case, ol P(x) ts tout pr all res. ‘thaw Hoare ts am elemene yeS such Mak P[y) 2% faboe- Consequently, ie sh As yee Pla) i's fone} is nonempty. Because, S 18 well ordered A hea a least clement a. By tee choice ofa oma leoat element of-A, We kyo hab r(x) #s Paue for a wes unl x Ka. Ts fangp Coes fae induchive skp Pa) is ” bower + Ts Covbadichor plows Hak PCH) mesh le fre fea all 2éS. ° lexicographic Order: The oa Sata B on Ady Ws de finsol ty (44,99) & Cb. -b2) ethe if a Ab on if bik ab, and ay Ab, . of Determine wheter, (2. 5) K (48), whites, (3:8) < (45) and wheter (44) X (4,0) tn Wa poset (2xz, an hale K is He Aen cogeep ordering Cowal sueted foo fos wrual £ peltion oJ. Because, 3¢4, Hence, (25< (44) ard (38) 2 (as). Ra (4,4), (4n) , we howe 424 awd 411. Loner, (44) < (an).Zoos wo = AA o>» +> (9 (b) (eo) Conshoucken ha Hasse Degree fs (1994, a } . G Cad] a, dovalnb } ow § tA 46 bas] ai ta bese degree of ( $12 34¢, suf, "@ Maxiaal and Mintwol Ebments? Av. clomonk- of a poset Po ealled gamwal f Ph Ps wot [pes Howe ie element of bos poset. That sy & "8 moral Pa Kae poset (s,<) of hore ts us bes gph frok & Yrynes, LOB (29/49 Gf wachelb , : a (ouside — Has Freowprrah @ pa [qatar] Es) [er] [eae fi i a) Lua (fe) [auseng | Gt ( oe Lu6( afl=4 Tagiven Lasse A ecalalfice wuce ee eeConsider treompare bt ol GiB (de) =b Lup( del-— Gi LB(b.() 3% LuB( bo -e Heuce, a alice blhce - GL OCF. ” Wee stace Has. rast uaeeking points | of (tg are Goat, po wok a wrgs pint Lu (fig)? oh. wool Hence, bs gee Lasse deg mam fs oka Jovsslobce and hance y F. ts nota Laltce, a (ce) : kK f q thus fs « lalhice. 7 e@ b cGLB (4,123 6 q Lup (au)= % Herce, ust a (alice , Alu ce Hr given Hasse Alag ram e pok jor AerolPce . () (S15 25, 125 g, |) (26 Ih i's all order Lacause cloumunl- 0 counparas (e » Hence, G8 awd LUB exisk fy pus. Luce, alalice, * uv 6 5 1 (a) (Z ‘ ) This a folel Ader . wL TUsrefite y Hs given Ha sse 4! fiegaown fad a latte (infistte(d) (PU), 2) R- fF (ae) | a2e} Cons?der, s= 30234 Rs iyo so os : ci ten a $33 The a la Weee ba > sappy fu}pelea’ Complenronk 9, Bun, praca > ” 4 dee (0+L) 2. qf 0=F yfet a : _— 2 0+ 4 They fo+ (o+1) =° (Ts F) v(t F)eF i Bee HOE SEE, 20. qranslale te Angicol eyucrolence (rat) vt eT 3 alo an ichemkily in Boolean ayelna (a-s)t bet « + Boolsarn Expressions and Boolean Fiunch'owr & = S (arty --1 ea) | HEP passiend ond fs. Te vaniab@e Lined lot Ses]. Tren , BY ve Has Sab of atk poss ble on-keples O8 ‘ of a} assumes ¥ Boolean worrh”* By not @ ts, F ts ouby posse values are cabled a Gooleon a §. Flap)? ideSee 1 4 ¢ : t 4 o 1 4 Gace 7 i oe 7 ° t # e 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 oO oO ° oO © Note? aw 0 4 1 L 3 ° i Z. oO 0 4 4 0 O 1 if ununber. of Beatin factions Nowe Laws of double complement Wen =% Ide wp bent Lowes WL aK HHO =X eee Zans GL =H urd=t ‘ Aouanabrou Laws Wo =0 = BHY> yan Commutahve LasToleutity eee ae (yt) = (ary )re Assoetative Laws ax(gt) =(m4)% Reseed ceecteeen ses eeeeeeee Cece Sa aay =(xey)(x2) debates lors xv (yt) =mye7Ee (~) == ode Mongaw's Las (xe) = 25 aan Absoaphor Jaws (a+) = 7 areal Unit property qH=0 Foro pusporty (x+o) (x*4) [tently Love fra bos Boolean sum] oy x (x9) = = X09 [ destrcluchve (aw ] The dul ofa Bocleam exphession 1S obtaiued Lr talenchoae Boolean /rumg avr Booleae pasduchs ond Gnd tn duals of #40) ond Tt (Fees, x+(ye) (x+0) (72)efimthon 1 ° A Boolean eban a set B wile wo binoy Ope rebirg operakin — Vv awd A, alemouts O amd 1) amd a UK fucks took Mase properhar holot pe alk xy, avd z in By 2. by Lams ae ALS xvn=t — RAR =0 (rvy)vz =av(yvz) ae ( : yar ee (yaz SSOCLOR re 1S AVI IYO Ciubabive Lams Hayrya ~ xy (yAsd= (xvy)a(awe) distactubve (ars xa (yve) = (244) v (naz) x ae Bookean fuchiows Aafivslion Lo A Lloak is a Boolean variable o8. ifs complement. A wanton of Hs Boolean varmables %1,%,--~%M'S a Boolean produnek Mo DH lene Y; =%) OY; <3). Hence, a wulom © oO produck of nw Lilenralr, wil our Jisorol for cack vara ble . oq. Fird We utube Hot oguols 1 if ay = Age0 and ML 2%ya%5 = 1, ann ago 0 ohne. TH 2 U5aie ef Rind be fuss ~of - pdoctucks eApOMsinn fos. hs furcheu F (a8) = (x49) 2 Larne (one = XE+YE = UEdye ax (95) E+ (4% ut amy tray + yee Tt = we @ gis Gob: (a) Taresten. on NOT gates x ae (») OR qo? (CAND gates y ey oy t (xe) i x (xe 2p, % ) Dea Da! ee ea) baaia (verte) (798) >A ecru Zyl coubpallel fury free cusitelrds i's myn + 29H YE 6% 52. # Addeas: ; . 5 dame = (x40) , 1 reveBa YG A HIG AAIG* XG WY 6, PAG EAGGHT YEE far A Flt Aden 4 Tupuk aud Oulpab far Me Ful Adder Topuk Oulpuk 5 | y Ce | ig Cert L £ 1 a] 4 - 4 ° o; 14 4 | ofa fo] 4 1 ° ° 1/0 ? if £ ° 4 o }4}eo ytye ° 7 f 4} ie ° o ° °