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Familiarization With Different Types of Circuit Breaker

The document discusses an experiment to familiarize with different types of circuit breakers including MCB, MCCB, RCB, and ELCB. It describes the internal construction and operation of MCB, including how it uses magnetic and thermal tripping devices to interrupt arcs during overloads or short circuits.

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Sajjadul Islam
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99 views3 pages

Familiarization With Different Types of Circuit Breaker

The document discusses an experiment to familiarize with different types of circuit breakers including MCB, MCCB, RCB, and ELCB. It describes the internal construction and operation of MCB, including how it uses magnetic and thermal tripping devices to interrupt arcs during overloads or short circuits.

Uploaded by

Sajjadul Islam
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Experiment No: 02

Experiment Name: Familiarization with different types of circuit breaker.


Objective:
i. To learn about MCB, MCCB, RCB & ELCB Circuit Breaker.
ii. To learn about the internal construction of MCB circuit breaker.

Operation of MCB:
A molded insulating material with a complete enclosure is known as an MCB. This
results in structurally and thermally sound housing. In the switching system, incoming and
outgoing wires are connected to a fixed and moveable contact. The metal or current carrying
sections of circuit breakers are made of electrolytic copper or silver alloy, depending on their
rating. When the contacts split due to an overload or short circuit, an electric arc is formed.

Fig: Internal Construction of MCB.

Modern MCBs are designed to handle arc interruption activities in which metallic arc
splitter plates remove and cool arc energy. These plates are held in place by an insulating
material. A runner for the arc created between the primary connections is also supplied. The
working mechanism employs both magnetic and thermal tripping devices. The magnetic
tripping setup consists of a composite magnetic system with a spring-loaded dashpot and a
magnetic slug in a silicon fluid, as well as a standard magnetic trip. A current carrying coil
forces the slug against the spring towards a fixed pole piece in the trip configuration. The
magnetic pull on the trip lever arises when the coil creates a high enough magnetic field. In the
event of short circuits or high overloads, the strong magnetic field formed by the coils
(Solenoid) is sufficient to attract the armature of the trip lever regardless of the position of the
slug in the dashpot.
A bimetallic strip is wound around a heater coil to create heat dependent on current
flow in the thermal tripping arrangement. The heater can be either direct or indirect, with
current flowing via a bimetallic strip that affects a component of the electric circuit. The
tripping mechanism is activated when a bimetallic strip deflects under certain overload
conditions. Bimetal strips are made up of two metals, often brass and steel. These metals are
riveted and welded together over their whole length. These are designed such that normal
currents do not heat the strip to the tripping threshold, but if the current is increased over a
certain threshold, the strip is warmed, bent, and the latch is triggered. Bimetallic strips are
utilized to provide time delays under specific overloads.

Basic difference between MCB, MCCB, RCB & ELCB:

MCB MCCB RCB ELCB

It stands for It stands for RCCB refers to ELCB stands


Miniature Circuit Molded Case ear stands for for Electric
Breaker. Circuit Breaker Residual Current Leakage Circuit
Circuit Breaker Breaker.

It automatically It is another type This residual They have the


switches OFF of electrical current device is same function
electrical circuit protection basically an as RCCB but
during any device which is electrical wiring are voltage
abnormal used when load device that sensor devise.
condition in the current exceeds disconnects the
electrical network the limit of a circuit whenever
such as overload miniature circuit there is leakage
& short circuit breaker. of current flow
conditions. through the
Human body or
the current is not
balanced
between the
phase conductor.
Circuit Breaker Diagram of MCB:

Fig: Diagram of MCB.

Discussion:
In this experiment I have learned about several types of circuit breakers. In addition, I
studied the M|CB's internal structure and operation. An overload or short circuit happens when
power fluctuates or additional current flows. As a result, including an overcurrent protection
mechanism as a safety feature for electrical devices/circuits is vital. An MCB is a switch that
automatically opens when a circuit is overwhelmed with current. It is possible to reclose it
without the need of any replacement parts. A fuse must be changed or rewired once it has been
used.

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