College of Engineering

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Target Group: 3rd Year Electromechanical Engineering Students

Q#1. An Otto cycle having a compression ratio of 9:1 uses air as working fluid. Initially P 1=95kpa, T1=17oC,
and V1=3.8 liters. During the heat addition process, 7.5kj of heat is added. Determine pressure and temperature
at all points, thermal efficiency, and the mean effective pressure.
Q#2.four-strokeoke SI engine has a compression ratio of 6 and swept volume of 0.15 m3. Pressure and
temperature at the beginning of compression are 98kpa and 60ºC. Determine the pressure, volume, and
temperatures at all points if the heat supplied to it is 150 kJ. Also, plot the cycle on the T-s diagram, work
done, efficiency, and mean effective pressure of cycle assuming Cp=1.005 kJ/kg.k, Cv = 0.718 kJ/kg·k.
Q#3. Calculate the ideal air standard cycle efficiency based on the Otto cycle for a petrol engine with a cylinder
bore of 50mm, a stroke of 75mm, and a clearance volume of 21.3cm3.
Q#4. An ideal Otto cycle has a compression ratio of 8. At the beginning of the compression process, the air is
at 95kpa and 27°C, and 750 kJ/kg of heat is transferred to the air during the constant-volume heat-addition
process. Taking into account the variation of specific heats with temperature, determine (a) the pressure and
temperature at the end of the heat addition process, (b) the network output, (c) the thermal efficiency, and (d)
the mean effective pressure for the cycle.
Q#5. The compression ratio of an air-standard Otto cycle is 9.5. Prior to the isentropic compression process,
the air is at 100kpa, 35°C, and 600 cm3. The temperature at the end of the isentropic expansion process is 800
K. Using specific heat values at room temperature, determine (a) the highest temperature and pressure in the
cycle; (b) the amount of heat transferred in, in kJ; (c) the thermal efficiency; and (d) the Mean effective
pressure.
Q#6. A diesel engine has an inlet temperature and pressure of 150C and 1bar respectively. The compression
ratio is 12/1 and the maximum cycle temperature is 11000C. Calculate the air standard thermal efficiency based
on the diesel cycle.
Q#7. In an air standard diesel cycle, the compression ratio is 16, and at the beginning of isentropic
compression, the temperature is 150C and the pressure is 0.1Mpa. Heat is added until the temperature at the
end of the constant pressure process is 14800C. Calculate (a) the cut –Off ratio, (b) the heat supplied per kg of
air, (c) the cycle efficiency, and (d) the M.E.P
Q#8. An oil engine takes in air at 1.01 bar, 200C and the maximum cycle pressure is 69 bar. The Compressor

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Instructor: Surafel Kifle
ratio is 18/1. Calculate the air standard thermal efficiency based on the dual cycle. Assume that the heat added
at constant volume is equal to the heat added at constant pressure.
Q#9. An ideal diesel engine has a compression ratio of 20 and uses air as the working fluid. The state of the
air at the beginning of the compression process is 95kpa and 20°C. If the maximum temperature in the cycle
is not to exceed 2200k, determine (a) the thermal efficiency and (b) the mean effective pressure. Assume
constant specific heats for air at room temperature.
Q#10. An ideal dual cycle has a compression ratio of 14, and a cutoff ratio of 1.2. The thermal efficiency,
amount of heat added, and the maximum gas pressure and temperature are to be determined.
Q#11. A four-cylinder, four-stroke, and spark-ignition engine has a displacement volume of 300 cc per
cylinder. The compression ratio of the engine is 10 and operates at a speed of 3000 rev/min. The engine is
required to develop an output of 40 kW at this speed. Calculate the cycle efficiency, the necessary rate of heat
addition, the mean effective pressure, and the maximum temperature of the cycle. Assume that the engine
operates on the Otto cycle and that the pressure and temperature at the inlet conditions are 1 bar and 27 0C
respectively. If the above engine is a compression-ignition engine operating on the Diesel cycle and receiving
heat at the same rate, calculate efficiency, the maximum temperature of the cycle, the cycle efficiency, the
power output, and the mean effective pressure. Take Cp=1.005 kJ/kg.k, Cv = 0.718 kJ/kg·k.
Q#12. The compression ratio of an engine is 10 and the temperature and pressure at the start of compression
is 37 0C and 1 bar. The compression and expansion processes are both isentropic and the heat is rejected at
exhaust at constant volume. The amount of heat added during the cycle is 2730 kJ/kg. Determine the mean
effective pressure and thermal efficiency of the cycle if (i) the maximum pressure is limited to 70 bar and heat
is added at both constant volume and constant pressure and (ii) if all the heat is added at constant volume. In
this case, how much additional work per kg of charge would be obtained if it were possible to expand isentropic
ally the exhaust gases to their original pressure of 1bar. Assume that the charge has the same physical properties
as that of air.
Q#13. A gas-turbine power plant operates on the simple Brayton cycle with air as the working fluid and
delivers 32 MW of power. The minimum and maximum temperatures in the cycle are 310 and 900 K, and the
pressure of air at the compressor exit is 8 times the value at the compressor inlet. Assuming an isentropic
efficiency of 80 percent for the compressor and 86 percent for the turbine, determine the mass flow rate of air
through the cycle. Account for the variation of specific heats with temperature.
Q#14. A stationary gas-turbine power plant operates on an ideal regenerative Brayton cycle (∊ = 100 percent)
with air as the working fluid. Air enters the compressor at 95 kPa and 290 K and the turbine at 880 kPa and
1100 K. Heat is transferred to air from an external source at a rate of 30,000 kJ/s. Determine the power
delivered by this plant (a) assuming constant specific heats for air at room temperature and (b) accounting for
the variation of specific heats with temperature.
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Instructor: Surafel Kifle