Select A Single Correct Answer From Each of The Following Questions - Use The Answer Sheet Provided

Select a single correct answer from each of the following questions -
- Use the answer sheet provided

1- The following ion is found at a higher concentration in intracellular fluid (ICF)
than extracellular fluid (ECF):
a- sodium
b- potassium
c- calcium
d- bicarbonate
e- chloride
2- Acetyl choline is not released by:
a- all preganglionic sympathetic nerves
b- all postganglionic parasympathetic nerves
c- all preganglionic parasympathetic nerves
d- all postganglionic sympathetic nerves
e- all somtic nerves
3- Stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system causes:
a- sweating
b- decreased heart rate
c- constriction of the eye pupil
d- bronchoconstriction
e- increased intestinal motility and secretion
4- Nicotinic receptors are found in the:
a- heart
b- adrenal medulla
c- sweat glands
d- small intestine
e- lung bronchioles
5- The body responds to cold environment by:
a- sweating
b- shivering
c- skin vasodilatation
d- decreased metabolism
e- decreased food intake
6- Red blood cell formation in children occurs in the:
a- yolk sac
b- adrenal medulla
c- liver and spleen
d- red bone marrow
e- yellow bone marrow
7- Iron deficiency anemia is characterized by:
a- high PCV
b- folic acid deficiency
c- microcytic hypochromic RBCs
d- macrocytic hypochromic RBCS
e- macrocytic normochromic RBCs
8- A person who is blood group O positive, can receive blood from:
a- Blood group A negative persons
b- Blood group A positive persons
c- Blood group AB positive persons
d- Blood group O negative persons
e- Blood group B negative persons
9- B- Lymphocyte:
a- its cytoplasm contains large number of granules
b- is increased in bacterial infections
1
c- can produce antibodies
d- can phagocytose bacteria
e- its nucleus is kidney shaped
10- Platelets:
a- are non-nucleated biconcave cells
b- their count is higher than red blood cell count
c- can kill bacteria
d- can stop bleeding
e- can produce antibodies
11- Oxygen Hemoglobin Dissociation curve is shifted to he right by:
a- high CO2
b- low H+
c- low temperature
d- high pH
e- low metabolism
12- Surfactant:
a- is produced by the liver
b- is an abnormal substance
c- is produced in the fetus early in pregnancy
d- acts to increase surface tension of fluid in the alveoli
e- deficiency causes respiratory distress syndrome
13- Carbon dioxide (CO2):
a- pressure in venous blood is about 40 mmHg
b- pressure in arterial blood is about 100 mmHg
c- is more soluble than oxygen in body fluids
d- is carried mainly in hemoglobin
e- diffuses through biological membranes less easily than oxygen
14- Hypoxic hypoxia is caused by:
a- heart failure
b- cyanide poisoning
c- carbon monoxide poisoning
d- ascending to high altitude
e- anemia
15- Volume of air that remains in the lung following a maximum expiration equals the:
a- vital capacity
b- inspiratory reserve volume
c- residual volume
d- expiratory reserve volume
e- total lung volume
16- The heart rate is increased by:
a- stimulation of the parasympathetic
b- beta blockers
c- cold weather
d- exercise
e- digitalis
17- The stroke volume is decreased by:
a- stimulation of the parasympathetic
b- calcium
c- stimulation of the baroreceptors
d- exercise
e- digitalis
18- The cardiac output:
a- is about 2 L/min at rest in adults
b- is increased by increasing the heart rate
2
c- is decreased by increasing the stroke volume
d- is not changed during exercise
e- is higher in females than males
19- The cardiac muscle differs from skeletal muscle because it is:
a- striated muscle
b- supplied by the somatic nervous system
c- dependent on glucose as a main source of energy
d- tetanized after repeated stimulation
e- not characterized by the oxygen debt mechanism
20- The sino-atrial node (SA node):
a- is un myelinated neural structure
b- is found in the left atrium
c- is supplied by the sympathetic but not the parasympathetic nervous system
d- delays conduction from atria to ventricles
e- responsible for the normal cardiac rhythm
21- The following substance is not found in saliva:
a- lingual lipase
b- alpha amylase
c- lysozyme
d- immunoglobulins
e- bilirubin
22- Gastric acid secretion is stimulated by:
a- glucagon
b- insulin
c- gastrin
d- somatostatin
e- secretin
23- The main source of enzymes for protein digestion is the:
a- mouth
b- stomach
c- pancreas
d- liver
e- small intestine
24- The small intestine differs from the large intestine because:
a- it is a site for absorption of water and electrolytes
b- it moves its food contents by peristalsis
c- it is essential to life
d- its longitudinal muscle layer is incomplete
e- it is supplied by the vagus nerve
25- Concerning peptic ulcer, which of the following is not true:
a- it is caused primarily by excessive secretion of HCl
b- it is caused by ingestion of non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs like
aspirin
c- the majority of patients are infected with Helicobacter pylori
d- it is treated by blockers of the (H-K ATPase pumps)
e- it is treated by H2 receptor blockers
26- The proximal convoluted tubules in the kidney reabsorb almost all of the
filtered:
a- Na+
b- K+
c- chloride
d- Glucose
e- Water
27- Water reabsorption occurs primarily in the:
3
a- proximal convoluted tubules
b- thin ascending loop of Henle
c- thin descending loop of Henle
d- collecting ducts
e- distal convoluted tubules
28- Functions of the kidney dose not include:
a- control of ECF osmolarity
b- control of pH
c- control of blood pressure
d- release of Aldosterone
e- release of erythropoietin
29- The glomerular filtration rate is:
a- about 180 ml/min
b- increased by sympathetic stimulation
c- higher in males than females
d- measured by PAH
e- always constant
30- The micturition reflex is:
a- abnormal in children
b- lost after cutting the spinal cord above the sacral segments
c- lost after cutting the parasympathetic supply to the urinary bladder
d- mediated through sympathetic neurons
e- occurs immediately when urine enters the urinary bladder
31- Hyperthyroidism is not characterized by:
a- increased heart rate
b- increased temperature
c- constipation
d- irritability
e- weight loss
32- The following hormone is not released by the anterior pituitary gland:
a- Growth hormone
b- Prolactin
c- Insulin
d- FSH
e- ACTH
33- Growth hormone is not:
a- anabolic
b- lipolytic
c- hyperglycemic
d- lactogenic
e- hypocalcemic
34- Cutting the connection between the pituitary and the hypothalamus increases
level of:
a- oxytocin
b- insulin
c- growth hormone
d- prolactin
e- ACTH
35- The parathyroid hormone is stimulated by:
a- low phosphate
b- high calcium
c- low glucose
d- high chloride
e- low magnesium
4
36- Aldosterone is stimulated directly by:
a- hyponatremia
b- hypertension
c- renal ischemia
d- angiotensin II
e- renin enzyme
37- Concerning the action potential, which of the following is not true:
a- it causes contraction of muscles
b- it is transmitted through nerves
c- it is found in all tissues
d- depolarization is due to sodium entering the cell
e- repolarization is due to potassium leaving the cell
38- Cerebellar lesions result in:
a- failure to initiate movement
b- blindness
c- paralysis
d- loss of balance
e- loss of sensation
39- Basal ganglia lesions result in:
a- failure to initiate movement
b- blindness
c- paralysis
d- loss of balance
e- loss of sensation
40- The stretch reflex is:
a- polysynaptic reflex
b- visceral reflex
c- integrated in the spinal cord
d- increased in lower motor neuron lesions
e- not found in children
5
Part (2)
Short Structured Questions
1- For each of the following mention the normal value in a resting adult male:
Item Normal value
Heart rate …………………………………………………….
Blood pressure …………………………………………………….
Red blood cell count …………………………………………………….
Urine volume/ day …………………………………………………….
ICF volume …………………………………………………….
Cardiac out put …………………………………………………….
2- Mention one function for each of the following:

Item Function
Stomach 1-…………………………………………………….
Liver 1-…………………………………………………….
Blood 1-…………………………………………………….
Cortisol 1-…………………………………………………….
Thyroid 1-…………………………………………………….
hormones
Calcium 1-…………………………………………………….
Hypothalamus 1-…………………………………………………….
3- Mention one hormone produced by each of the following glands or organs:

Gland Hormone
Adrenal medulla ………………………………….
Pancreas ………………………………….
Heart ………………………………….
Skin ………………………………….
Gonads ………………………………….
Hypothalamus ………………………………….
4- Mention 3 causes of edema

a- …………………………………………………….
b- …………………………………………………….
c- …………………………………………………….
5- The blood pressure of an adult subject was found to be 180/90
a- Calculate the pulse pressure
b- Calculate the mean arterial pressure
……………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………
6- Fill the blank spaces in the following table:

6
Drug Mechanism of action Effect (one effect)
Atropine Blocks ….……… ……………...……………...
receptors
Propranolol Blocks beta 1 receptors ………………...…………...
Omeprazole Blocks…………… ……………………...………

……………. pump
Salbutamol Stimulates beta 2 ……………………………..
receptors
7- Calculate the osmolarity of 5% dextrose solution (Mwt: 180)

…………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………….
8- Mention the effects of thyroid hormones on the heart and explain their
mechanism of action
……………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………….
9- Explain why the hydrostatic pressure of glomerular capillaries is higher
than that of systemic capillaries ? (give one brief explanation)
……………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
10- Mention (2) factors that affect gas exchange in the lung
a- …………………………………………………………………
b- …………………………………………………………………
Good luck

Select A Single Correct Answer From Each of The Following Questions - Use The Answer Sheet Provided

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Select A Single Correct Answer From Each of The Following Questions - Use The Answer Sheet Provided

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Select A Single Correct Answer From Each of The Following Questions - Use The Answer Sheet Provided

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Select a single correct answer from each of the following questions -

- Use the answer sheet provided

2- Mention one function for each of the following:

3- Mention one hormone produced by each of the following glands or organs:

4- Mention 3 causes of edema

6- Fill the blank spaces in the following table:

Omeprazole Blocks…………… ……………………...………

7- Calculate the osmolarity of 5% dextrose solution (Mwt: 180)

You might also like