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Research 1

The document discusses different types of warning devices and their uses. It describes sensors, blinkers, hazard lights, wires, LED lights, early warning devices, and mini speakers. LED warning lights are discussed in more detail regarding their suitability for different indoor and outdoor applications due to their reliability, durability and flexibility. Common types of LED warning lights are also outlined.

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Angelo Barruela
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34 views4 pages

Research 1

The document discusses different types of warning devices and their uses. It describes sensors, blinkers, hazard lights, wires, LED lights, early warning devices, and mini speakers. LED warning lights are discussed in more detail regarding their suitability for different indoor and outdoor applications due to their reliability, durability and flexibility. Common types of LED warning lights are also outlined.

Uploaded by

Angelo Barruela
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CHAPTER ll

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERETURE

In chapter, various literatures of different studies relevant


to the present study are presented. It includes both
conceptual and research literature from the internet in foreign and local studies.

PRIOR ART

Blinker
The car will be honking, with blinker and hazard lights flashing, according to Mazda,
although the exact warning signals are still undecided.
Yuri Kage Yama, chicagotribune.com, 15 Nov. 2021
. a flashing light for sending messages, as a warning device, etc, such as a direction indicator on a
road vehicle. 2. ( often plural) a slang word for eye
Hazard warning lights are a pair of intermittent flashing indicator lights that flash in unison to
warn other drivers that the vehicle is a temporary obstruction. They are also called hazard
flashers and hazard lights. Different countries use hazard warning lights in different ways.

Sensor
According to Robert Sheldon a sensor is a device that detects and responds to some
type of input from the physical environment. The input can be light, heat, motion,
moisture, pressure or any number of other environmental phenomena. The output is
generally a signal that is converted to a human-readable display at the sensor location
or transmitted electronically over a network for reading or further processing.
Sensors play a pivotal role in the internet of things (IoT). They make it possible to
create an ecosystem for collecting and processing data about a specific environment
so it can be monitored, managed and controlled more easily and efficiently. IoT
sensors are used in homes, out in the field, in automobiles, on airplanes, in industrial
settings and in other environments. Sensors bridge the gap between the physical
world and logical world, acting as the eyes and ears for a
computing infrastructure that analyzes and acts upon the data collected from the
sensors

Wire’s
Wire is commonly formed by drawing the metal through a hole in a die or draw plate. Wire
gauges come in various standard sizes, as expressed in terms of a gauge number or cross-
sectional area.
Wires are used to bear mechanical loads, often in the form of wire rope.
In electricity and telecommunications signals, a "wire" can refer to an electrical cable, which can
contain a "solid core" of a single wire or separate strands in stranded or braided forms.
Usually cylindrical in geometry, wire can also be made in square, hexagonal, flattened
rectangular, or other cross-sections, either for decorative purposes, or for technical purposes such
as high-efficiency voice coils in loudspeakers. Edge-wound coil springs, such as the Slinky toy,
are made of special flattened wire.

LED Light’s
LED warning lights provide a visual alarm to alert people of any danger in a particular
environment or application. An LED warning light on vehicles helps them to be visible and attract
attention in dangerous or emergency situations. Some of the factors that make LED lamps suitable
for use in warning lights are their reliability, low energy consumption, durability and ability to
withstand rough environments. In addition, their small size offers designers with the flexibility to
build them in many formats to suit a wide variety of applications. Most common methods of
installing the lamps are the flush and surface mounting.
Where are LED warning lights used? LED warning lights range from indoor types…
LED warning lights for indoor use are usually different and cheaper than those for mining and similar
applications. Due to the harsh condition in such environments, the LED lights have tough transparent
casings to withstand the debris without degrading the performance of the fixture. In addition, the housing for
the outdoor and harsh environment must be water and dust proof. Surface mounted LED warning lights may
use high power bulbs and a die-cast alloy housing for better heat dissipation and cooling of the devices.
These are suitable for applications requiring high levels of brightness.

Common types of LED warning lights The type, design, and construction of a warning light
depend on application and conditions in the particular environment. For this reason, the choice of a
warning light for an indoor application will differ from that of an outdoor use. Some common
lights are listed below; these differ in construction and applications.
• LED emergency lights
• Aircraft warning lights
• Aviation obstruction warning lights
• Helipad Lights • LED strobe warning
Below are some factors that make LEDs suitable for warning lights. Small size Small size hence
can be used virtually for any space. Small spaces may use strips or strings or single LED. Aircraft
runaway or tower warning lights may use several LED bulbs combined to produce a higher light
output visible from far during all weathers.

Early Warning Device

Warning device means any device intended to provide a warning of potentially


hazardous, emergency, or illegal activities including, but not limited to, a burglar
alarm, fire alarm, or a vehicle backup signal. Insiderhttps://www.lawinsider.com

On a divided highway or a street with one way traffic, one warning device
should be placed 10 feet to the rear of the vehicle, one device at a distance
of 100 feet and one at a distance of 200 feet in a direction toward
approaching traffic in the center of the lane or shoulder occupied by the
vehicle. https://www.markelinsurance.com

Now as defined by the Land Transportation Office of the Philippines, the early
warning device is a safety tool that provides you with the safety net by way of
added visibility especially during an emergency stop on a road. It is triangular in
shape and is made out of very reflective plastic materials. Cesar G.B. Miguel 2010

Mini Speaker Speakers are


one of the most common output devices used with warning device systems. Some
speakers are designed to work specifically with warning device, while others can
be hooked up to any type of sound system. Regardless of their design, the purpose
of speakers is to produce audio output that can be heard by the listener.
Speakers are transducers that convert electromagnetic waves into sound
waves. The speakers receive audio input from a device such as a computer or
an audio receiver. This input may be either in analog or digital form. Analog
speakers simply amplify the analog electromagnetic waves into sound waves.
Since sound waves are produced in analog form, digital speakers must first
convert the digital input to an analog signal, then generate the sound waves.
The sound produced by speakers is defined by frequency and amplitude. The
frequency determines how high or low the pitch of the sound is. For example,
a soprano singer's voice produces high frequency sound waves, while a bass
guitar or kick drum generates sounds in the low frequency range. A speaker
system's ability to accurately reproduce sound frequencies is a good indicator
of how clear the audio will be. Many speakers include multiple speaker cones
for different frequency ranges, which helps produce more accurate sounds for
each range. Two-way speakers typically have a tweeter and a mid-range
speaker, while three-way speakers have a tweeter, mid-range speaker, and
subwoofer.
Amplitude, or loudness, is determined by the change in air pressure created
by the speakers' sound waves. Therefore, when you crank up your speakers,
you are actually increasing the air pressure of the sound waves they produce.
Since the signal produced by some audio sources is not very high (like a
computer's sound card), it may need to be amplified by the speakers.
Therefore, most external computer speakers are amplified, meaning they use
electricity to amplify the signal. Speakers that can amplify the sound input
are often called active speakers. You can usually tell if a speaker is active if it
has a volume control or can be plugged into an electrical outlet. Speakers that
don't have any internal amplification are called passive speakers. Since these
speakers don't amplify the audio signal, they require a high level of audio
input, which may be produced by an audio amplifier.
speakers typically come in pairs, which allows them to produce stereo sound.
This means the left and right speakers transmit audio on two completely
separate channels. By using two speakers, music sounds much more natural
since our ears are used to hearing sounds from the left and right at the same
time. Surround systems may include four to seven speakers (plus a
subwoofer), which creates an even more realistic experience.

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