Computing Essentials 2019, 27e (O’Leary)

Chapter 1 Information Technology, the Internet, and You

1) Which part of an information system consists of the rules

or guidelines for people to follow?
B) procedures

2) The equipment that processes data in order to create information is called the ________.

C) hardware

3) In most cases, the word "software" is interchangeable with the word ________.

C) program

4) What are the two major software types?

C) system software and application software

5) Which of the following is a collection of programs rather than a single program?

B) system software

6) "Background" software that helps the computer manage its own internal resources is called
________.

D) system software

7) Identify the program that coordinates computer resources, provides an interface between users
and the computer, and runs applications.

B) operating system

8) Antivirus programs protect your computer system from viruses or malicious programs. This is
an example of which type of software?

D) utilities

9) System software includes all of the following except:

D) browsers

10) Which of the following computers is also referred to as a server and is used to support end
users for things such as retrieving data from a database or providing access to application
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software?

A) midrange

11) Desktop, laptop, and tablet computers, and mobile devices are classified as ________.

D) personal computers

12) The most widely used handheld computers are ________.

B) smartphones

13) A microcomputer that is smaller, lighter, and less powerful than a notebook, and which has a
touch-sensitive screen, is called a ________.

D) tablet

14) This computer component holds the program and data that is currently being processed.

A) RAM

15) Which of the following will not retain data after the computer is turned off?

C) ROM

16) Identify the four basic categories of hardware in a personal computer system.

B) system unit, input/output, secondary storage, and primary storage

17) This hardware houses most of the electronic that make up a computer system.

A) system unit

18) Which of the following are two important components of the system unit?

A) microprocessor and memory

Which one of the following is not considered a form of secondary storage?

C) RAM

20) ________ are the most important part of any information system.

D) People

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21) The type of media that uses laser technology to store data and programs is ________.

C) solid state

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22) Which of the following is not an example of a document file created by a word processor?

A) spreadsheet

23) A financial budget would typically be created in what type of data file?

B) worksheet

24) Employee records, including names, social security numbers, and related information, would
typically be stored in what type of data file?

C) database

25) The Internet is the largest ________ in the world.

A) network

26 ) Which technology allows users to shift their desktop computing activities to computers on
the Internet?

B) cloud computing

27) ________ are all about making people (end users) more productive.
A) Personal computers

28) In an information system, the rules or guidelines for people to follow are called ________.

B) procedures

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29) ________ is the component of the information system that is described as the equipment that
processes data to create information.

C) Hardware

30) The component of the information system that is described as raw, unprocessed facts,
including text, numbers, images, and sounds, is called ________.

D) data

31) ________ software is a collection of programs that helps the computer manage its own
resources and enables application software to interact with computer hardware.

A) System

32) The ________ is the continuing development of the Internet that allows everyday objects
embedded with electronic devices to send and receive data over the Internet.

B) Internet of Things

33) Application software can be categorized as either general-purpose, specialized, or ________

apps.

C) mobile

34) Software is another name for ________.

D) programs

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35) ________ computers are not nearly as powerful as supercomputers, but are capable of great
processing speeds and data storage and occupy specially wired, air-conditioned rooms.

A) Mainframe

36) The five types of personal computers are: desktops, laptops, tablets, smartphones, and
________.

B) wearables

37) Smartphones are the most widely used ________ computers and are designed to fit into the
palm of one hand.

B) Handheld

38) ________ are cell phones with wireless connections to the Internet.

D) Smartphones

39) ________ storage devices do not lose data or programs after the electrical power is turned
off.

C) Primary

40) ________ use(s) rigid metallic platters to store programs and very large data files.

B) Hard disks

41) ________ are secondary storage devices that use laser technology.
C) Optical disks

42) A(n) ________ file might contain audience handouts and speaker notes in addition to
electronic slides.

D) presentation

43) Increased use of mobile or wireless communication devices and cloud computing has been
termed "the ________ revolution."

C) Internet of Things

44) A(n) ________ is a communications system connecting two or more computers.

B) network
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45) The ________ provides a multimedia interface to the numerous resources available on the
Internet.

C) World Wide Web or "the web"

46) ________ computing uses the Internet and the web to shift many computer activities from a
user's computer to computers on the Internet.

D) Cloud

47) The parts of an information system are: people, procedures, software, hardware, data, and the
Internet.

48) The purpose of software is to convert data into information.

49) Software is another name for a program or programs.

50) To be an effective and efficient computer user, you need to recognize the role of information
technology in your personal and professional life.

51) Application software is "background" software which helps the computer manage its own
internal resources.

52) System software is a collection of programs.

53) Antivirus software is a Windows utility that is unnecessary as long as you are careful
browsing the Internet.

54) System software might be described as end-user software.

55) A word processor is an example of system software.

56) Another name for a midrange computer is "server."

57) Insurance companies are most likely to use personal computers to process information about
millions of policyholders.

58) Smartphones are a type of handheld computer that do not need input, output, processing, or
storage.

59) Two important components of the system unit are the keyboard and the hard disk.

60) A system unit consists of the keyboard and the monitor.

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61) RAM will retain data when the computer is turned off.

62) The most common input devices are the mouse and the keyboard.

63) Secondary storage will retain data when the computer is turned off.

64) Solid-state storage uses rigid metallic platters to store data using the magnetic charges on the
disk's surface.

65) Four common types of files are document files, worksheet files, database files, and
presentation files.

66) Highly structured and organized data is stored in database files.

67) Describe all the parts of an information system.

68) Where would it be most relevant to use the term "data" and the term "information"? Give an
example of each.

69) What is an operating system? Give two examples.

70) What is application software? Describe the two categories of application software.

71) Differentiate between a supercomputer and a mainframe computer.

72) Differentiate between midrange and personal computers.

73) Describe the different types of personal computers and provide relevant examples of each.

74) In reference to personal computer hardware, explain the system unit.

75) Describe secondary storage. Compare and contrast hard disks and solid-state storage.

76) Describe the four common types of files.

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