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This document introduces basic network diagnostic commands in Windows such as IPConfig, Ping and Tracert. It explains what each command does and provides instructions on how to use them. Students are asked to explore the commands and answer questions about their functions and outputs.

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29 views4 pages

110 - Exp - 2 - Updated 2

This document introduces basic network diagnostic commands in Windows such as IPConfig, Ping and Tracert. It explains what each command does and provides instructions on how to use them. Students are asked to explore the commands and answer questions about their functions and outputs.

Uploaded by

hhcqfvj9kc
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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University of Bahrain

College of Information Technology


Department of Computer Engineering

ITNE 110: Introduction to Computer and Network Technology


Experiment No. 2
Windows Network Diagnostic Commands

Prepared by: Dr. Reham Almesaeed

Objectives
1. Introduce the Windows command line interface.
2. Practice basic network configuration commands.

Part 1: Command Line Interface:


Before the user-friendly Windows was developed, the most common operating system
was DOS. DOS stands for Disk Operating System and was what you would use if you had
started your computer much like you do today with Windows. The difference was that DOS
was not a graphical operating system but rather purely textual. That meant in order to run
programs or manipulate the operating system you had to manually type in commands.
When Windows was first created it was actually a graphical user interface that was created
in order to make using the DOS operating system easier for the users. Although, the new
versions of Windows do not run on DOS, they do have something called the command
prompt, which has a similar appearance to DOS. In this lab we will cover a list of
commands line tools that allow to do some basic network configuration and
troubleshooting functions on host computers.
There are a number of ways that you can get to the command line interface (CLI). The
easiest way is to click the Start button on the taskbar, in the Search programs and files
dialog box type CMD and press Enter key. Following these steps, you will be presented
with a window that look similar to Figure 1 below.

Figure 1. Windows Command Prompt. Tasks:

1. Explore the following commands, by running them, examine the output and then
describe their function.:

a. cd , cd..
b. dir
c. md

2. A switch is a command modifier, which is can be a single letter, word, or word


abbreviation that follows a command or its parameters. It is used to make each
command more versatile by changing its workings, display method, or how it acts
upon some parameter. Explore two available switches for the command ‘dir’, test
them and explain their effect on the command output.

Part 2: Networking Command Line Tools:


For many networking and troubleshooting tasks, your best way is to use command-line
tools. In this section, you are introduced to some networking commands that are helpful to
troubleshoot some network problems.

IPConfig:
Ipconfig is a useful command-line tool for troubleshooting problems with automatic
configuration such as Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP). You can use IPConfig
to display the current IP configuration, identify whether DHCP or Automatic Private IP
Addressing (APIPA) is being used, release and renew an automatic IP configuration.

Ping:
“PING” provides a very quick way to see if a machine is up and connected to the network.

Typing “ping” followed by an IP address or web domain will send a series of test packets
to the specified address. If they arrive and are returned, you know the device is capable of
communicating with your PC; if it fails, you know that there’s something blocking
communication between the device and your computer. This can help you decide if an issue
is caused by improper configuration or a failure of network hardware. If the IP address is
not currently active, you will receive a message stating that the transaction has time out.

Tracert:
Tracert tracks how much time (in millisecond) each hop between servers or devices takes.
The displayed list can help identify data flow problems when trying to access a service
such as a website. It can also be useful when performing tasks such as downloading data.

Procedure
1. Run Windows command line interface (cmd)
2. Type ping (alone) to display help information for ping command
3. Try the command : ping www.google.com (Hostname is given here )
4. Used (alone), ipconfig displays the IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway.
5. To display help information for ipconfig command, type: ipconfig /?
6. To trace the path to the host named google.com, type: tracert www.google.com
Answer the following questions
1. Describe the function of each command below:
a Cd: b
cd..
c dir
2. use md command to create a folder with your student ID, take a snapshot.
3. Briefly explain the difference between Ping and tracert commands.
4. Try to ping a server using its IP address instead of hostname. Choose any server you
want and show your results using snapshot.
5. When running the Ipconfig /all command, the results display the “Default
Gateway”, explain what’s is meant by Gateway, why it is important and take
snapshot.

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