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8 - Double-Subscripted Array

A two-dimensional array, also known as a double-subscripted array, is an array of arrays that allows the representation of data in a table with rows and columns. It requires two subscripts to identify a particular element and is initialized and accessed using techniques similar to one-dimensional arrays.

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50 views5 pages

8 - Double-Subscripted Array

A two-dimensional array, also known as a double-subscripted array, is an array of arrays that allows the representation of data in a table with rows and columns. It requires two subscripts to identify a particular element and is initialized and accessed using techniques similar to one-dimensional arrays.

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Two Dimensional (2D) / Double – Subscripted Array

What is a 2D array?

The two dimensional or double-subscripted array can be represented as a table with rows and columns.
In other words, a double-subscripted array is used when data is represented using a table. It requires two
subscripts to identify a particular element. By convention, the first subscript identifies the element’s row
and the second identifies the element’s column.

Syntax for the declaration:

dataType arrayName[rowSize][columnSize];

For example, to declare a 2D integer array table of three rows and 4 columns:
int table[3][4];

To illustrate:

Initializing a 2D Array

Here are examples on how to initialize two-dimensional arrays:


1. int table[3][4]={0};

Similar to a single-subscripted array, the initializer assigns the elements to its proper location. If lacking,
the rest is initialized to 0. Thus, 0 is assigned to index [0][0] and the rest until index [2][3] is assigned 0.
2. int table[3][4] = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12};

The elements are assigned per row. If the row is full, assignment proceeds to the next row and so on.
3. int table[3][4] = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10};

Similar to the first example, if the initializer list has lesser elements, the remaining elements will be 0.
4. int table[3][4] = {{1,2,3,4},{5,6,7,8},{9,10,11,12}};

Initializer list can also be grouped per row.


5. int table[3][4] = {{1,2,3},{5,6},{9,10,11,12}};

Since the initializer list is grouped per row, if a row lacks an element, 0 will be assigned to the remaining
elements in that row.
Accessing Elements of the 2D Array

1. By the individual elements

For example,
table[0][0] = 6;
printf(“%d”,table[2][1]);

2. Using a nested-loop

For example,
for(row=0;row<3; row++){
for(col=0;col<4;col++)
printf(“%d”,table[row][col]);

By convention, in accessing elements in a 2D array, nested-loop is used. The outer loop is the row counter
while the inner loop is the column counter.

Here is a sample program with the output:


Passing 2D Array to a Function

When a 2D array is passed to functions, the size of the column is required. The reference to the first
element is passed as an actual parameter.

Here is an example:

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