Export

of
Mangoe
s from
Pakistan
to
Australi
a
Ghulam
 Mustafa

Australi
a
Australia is the 6th largest country in the world by area with 7,692,024 km 2. Its total
population is about 24 million, 89 % of which is living in urban areas. Population is
growing at the rate of 1.5% per anum and is expected to exceed 28 million by 2030.

Economy of Australia is a developed and one of the largest mixed market economies in the
world, with a GDP of AUD$1.67 trillion as of 2016. Australia's total wealth is AUD$8.9 trillion as
of June 2016. In 2016, it was the 12th largest national economy by nominal GDP and the 19th-
largest measured by PPP-adjusted GDP, about 1.0% of the world economy. Australia is the
25th-largest goods exporter and 20th-largest importer.

The Australian economy is dominated by its service sector, comprising 73% of GDP. The mining
sector represents 7% of GDP; including services to mining. The economy is largely dependent
on the mining and agricultural sector relative to other developed countries (12% of GDP) with
products exported mainly to the East Asian market.

Australia is a major agricultural producer and exporter, with over 325,300 employed in
Agriculture, forestry and fishing as of February 2015. Agriculture and its closely related
sectors earn $155 billion-a-year for a 12% share of GDP. Australian farmers and
grazers own 135,997 farms, covering 61% of Australia's landmass. Across the country
there is a mix of irrigation and dry-land farming. The CSIRO, the federal government
agency for scientific research in Australia, has forecast that climate change will cause
decreased precipitation over much of Australia and that this will exacerbate existing
challenges to water availability and quality for agriculture.

Australia produces a wide variety of fruit, nuts and vegetables. The largest crops (>300
kilo tones, in 2001-2001) include oranges, apples, bananas, chestnuts, potatoes,
carrots and tomatoes. Tropical fruits, including bananas, mangoes and pineapples, fare
well in Queensland and the Northern Territory.

The horticulture industry has traditionally provided Australians with all their fresh fruit
and vegetables needs, with a smaller export industry. However, loosened border
controls and increasing importers have threatened local industries. Consumer research
has repeatedly shown that Australians prefer local produce. However, there is no
effective country-of-origin labelling and consumers frequently assume all fresh
vegetables and fruit must be Australian.

In 2005, McDonald's Australia Ltd announced it would no longer source all its potatoes
for fries from Tasmanian producers and announced a new deal with New Zealand
suppliers. Subsequently, Vegetable and Potato Growers Australia (Ltd.) launched a
political campaign advocating protectionism. This campaign included a tractor convoy
moving from Tasmania to the mainland (by barge) and then a road trip throughout
country Victoria and New South Wales culminating at Canberra, the national capital.

The major issues facing agriculture in Australia are drought, water security, low soil
fertility, weeds, climate change caused by global warming, biosecurity (biological threats
from imported foods and livestock), tariffs on Australian exports in the importing country
(particularly in Europe and Japan), subsidies to farmers in other countries, currency
fluctuations and price volatility. The agricultural industry is one of the most trade-
exposed sectors of the Australian economy. According to Charles McElhorn from the
National Farmers Federation a 1% change in the value of Australian dollar is equivalent
to a change of $220 million in export earnings.

Australia is a world leader in organic agriculture with 17,150,000 hectares of certified

organic agriculture, which is 39.3% of the world total. Australia has been a pioneer in
organic farming practices since the introduction of biodynamics in Western Australia
and Victoria in 1928. With the growth in biological farming practices becoming more
common throughout the Australia, traditional synthetic based fertilizers are replaced by
the use of organic fertilizers in the form of compost and soil conditioners. Compost can
improve overall soil health when incorporated into the soil or surface-applied as a soil
conditioner. Despite differing in nutrient requirements, crops such as wheat, barley,
oats, maize, canola, Lucerne, fruit trees, grapes, sugar cane and many more can all
benefit from the addition of pasteurized and composted organic materials. Compost can
improve the soil’s physical, biological and chemical properties and positively enhance
actively growing crops. Australian farmers are leading the way in the application
methods of organic materials both above and below the soil surface. This continued
used of composted organics completes the law of return cycle in the soil food chain,
where nutrients removed through the plants, are returned to the soil.

In Australia, Mango production predominantly occurs in North of Australia, particularly in

Queensland and the Northern Territory.
For the year ending June 2015:
 66,087 T was produced
 The value of production was
$190.7m while the
wholesale value of the fresh
supply was $198.6m.
 43% of Australian
households purchased fresh
mangoes buying an average
of 1.08 kg per shopping trip.
 The consumption per capita
was 2.4 kg based on the
volume supplied
Mangoes are predominantly produced in the northern Australian states. The major
producing areas include Darwin in the Northern Territory; Mareeba, Bowen and
Bundaberg in Queensland. It produced in Western Australia and Northern new South
Wales, with small volumes coming from Victoria and South Australia.
There are number of varieties grown in Australia, however production for the fresh
market is dominated by 4 main varieties. These include:
Kensington Pride, also known as KP, are
the most common mango variety in
Australia, and accounted for 65% of fresh
production.
Calypso, a bright red mango with a pale
yellow blush, accounted for 20% of fresh
production.
R2E2, mangoes accounted for 6% of fresh
production.
Honey Gold mangoes accounted for 4% of
fresh production.
Other mangoes such as keitt, Tommy Atkins, Palmer and Nam Dok Mai, accounted for
35 of fresh production.
Australia is a net exporter of fresh mangoes, with exports growing in recent years. For
the year ending June 2015, Australia exported 7,012 tons. The exports and imports over
the last 5 financial years is profiled in the graph below, where imports are counted as
negative tons. For the year ending June 2015, 39% of exported fresh mangoes were
sent to the Hong Kong.
The demand for Pakistani mangoes & mango products are on the rise in international
markets. The experts believe that there exists a huge potential to export some 35 % to
40 % of the total production of the mangoes which is over and above the domestic
demand. The major constrain to the expansion of the market for Pakistani mangoes has
been related to the country’s inability to supply competitive priced high quality mangoes
in a significant & consistent manner, in keeping with the demands of super markets.
The Pak Mangoes are 2 to 10 inches long and may be kidney shaped, ovate or rarely
round. They range in size from 8 ounces to round 24 ounces. The leathery skin is waxy
and smooth, and when ripe entirely pale green or yellow or marked with red, according
to cultivator. The flesh of mango is peach like and juicy, with more or less numerous
fibers radiating from the husk of the single large kidney-shaped seed.
For import to Australia it must fulfill following criteria.
 Clean
 Free from blemishes, insect damage and fungal infection
 Uniform size & ripeness
 No latex stains
 No harvest wounds, bruises and punctures
 No insect or disease damage
 Fruit at the required stage of harvest maturity
 Fruit at the required stage of ripeness
Find below the Flow Chart for Export of Mango to Australia

Register with
Register Get Tax No. Open bank
Chabmer of
Business Name Certficate Account
Commerece

Select Clearing Packaging/

Export to Phtosanitary
& Forwarding Transport/
Australia Inspection
Agent Insurance
Our Marketing Channel would be

Importer/Whole
Orchard Retailer
Saler

Picking
Shipment
Sorting Consumer
by Sea
Transportation

Washing/Waxing
Processing Grading/Packing
Plant Cooling/Storing
Transportation
Exhibit: 1

Australia Economy Data

2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Population (million) 22.9 23.3 23.6 23.9 24.3
GDP per capita (USD) 68,108 64,857 61,362 51,363 51,878
GDP (USD bn) 1,561 1,510 1,449 1,230 1,260
Economic Growth (GDP, annual variation in %) 3.6 2.1 2.8 2.4 2.5
Consumption (annual variation in %) 2.3 1.7 2.8 2.7 2.6
Investment (annual variation in %) 9.1 -1.6 -1.6 -3 -2.6
Exports (G&S, annual variation in %) 5.7 5.8 6.9 6 7.9
Imports (G&S, annual variation in %) 5.5 -2.2 -1.1 2 0.2
Industrial Production (annual variation in %) 2.8 1.1 4 1.2 1
Retail Sales (annual variation in %) 3.4 3.2 5.5 4.5 3.7
Unemployment Rate 5.2 5.7 6.1 6.1 5.7
Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) -2.2 -1.9 -2.8 -2.2 -2.1
Public Debt (% of GDP) 27.8 30.8 34.2 37.6 41.1
Money (annual variation in %) -4.6 8.7 6.3 10.9 6.5
Inflation Rate (CPI, annual variation in %, eop) 2.2 2.8 1.7 1.7 1.5
Inflation Rate (CPI, annual variation in %) 1.8 2.5 2.5 1.5 1.3
Inflation (PPI, annual variation in %) 1.2 1.6 1.7 1.4 0.9
Policy Interest Rate (%) 3 2.5 2.5 2 1.5
Stock Market (annual variation in %) 13.5 14.8 0.7 -0.8 7
Exchange Rate (vs USD) 1.04 0.89 0.82 0.73 0.72
Exchange Rate (vs USD, aop) 1.04 0.97 0.9 0.75 0.74
Current Account (% of GDP) -4.1 -3.2 -3 -4.8 -2.6
Current Account Balance (USD bn) -64.5 -48.2 -43.7 -59.4 -33.4
Trade Balance (USD billion) 6.1 20.3 11.9 -13.1 3.1
Exhibit 2:
STONE AND ORCHARD FRUIT AND NUTS, Australia, year ended 30 June 2016
Change in Change in fruit
Fruit bearing Change in yield
Production production since bearing trees Yield
trees since2014 - 2015
2014 - 2015 since2014 - 2015

Ton %age '000 %age kg/tree %age

Almonds 72 902 30 7 111 31 10.3 -1
Apples 308 298 5 11 367 12 27.1 -7
Avocados 67 600 39 1 322 9 51.1 28
Cherries 18 374 22 1 886 10 9.7 10
Macadamias 38 759 8 5 047 6 7.7 2
Mandarins 125 233 24 2 118 12 59.1 10
Mangoes 42 515 12 1 217 21 34.9 -8
Nectarines 31 851 -2 1 719 14 18.5 -14
Olives 75 084 55 4 805 14 15.6 37
Oranges 398 610 19 6 596 0 60.4 20
Peaches 48 957 7 1 843 8 26.6 -1
Pears (a) 104 928 0 1 441 -10 72.8 11
Exhibit 3:

2013 2014 2015

Year of Ending
Value value % YoY Value % YoY
Production (t) 54,90 51,069 -6% 66,087 29%
Production ($m) 138.4 146.9 6% 190.7 30%
Producing Trees (000 Trees) 1,348 1,194 -11% 1063 -11%
Fresh Export volume (t) 4,604 5,275 15% 7012 33%
Fresh Export value ($m) 16 20 26% 25.2 26%
Fresh import Volume (t) 986 926 -6% 1047 13%
Fresh import Value ($m) 4.1 5 17% 6.3 32%
Fresh supply (t) 47,227 43,656 -8% 56220 29%
Fresh Supply Wholesale value ($m) 149.1 155 4% 198.6 28%
Consumption Pre apita (kg supply) 2.04 2 -9% 2.36 27%
Exhibit: 4
Imports by Country (Tons) Export by Country (Tons)
Year Ending - June 2013 2014 2015 Year ending - June 2013 2014 2015
Mexico 421 354 382 Hong Kong 1933 2360 2707
Thailand 398 342 367 Singapore 576 784 953
Philippines 132 139 221 New Zealand 589 469 886
Vietnam 0 5 21 UAE 494 596 813
India 12 8 13 Vietnam 187 119 517
others 24 78 43 others 825 947 1135
TOTAL 987 926 1,047 TOTAL 4604 5275 7011