ALLEN® Geometrical Optics 1

GEOMETRICAL OPTICS 6. A point source of light S, placed at a distance

1. The focal length f is related to the radius of 60 cm infront of the centre of a plane mirror of
width 50 cm, hangs vertically on a wall. A man
curvature r of the spherical convex mirror by:
walks infront of the mirror along a line parallel
1 to the mirror at a distance 1.2 m from it (see in
(1) f = + r (2) f = –r
2 the figure). The distance between the extreme
1 points where he can see the image of the light
(3) f = - r (4) f = r
2 source in the mirror is .......... cm.
2. The same size images are formed by a convex
S
lens when the object is placed at 20cm or at 50 cm
60 cm
10cm from the lens. The focal length of convex
lens is _____ cm.
3. A short straight object of height 100 cm lies 1.2 m
before the central axis of a spherical mirror 7. The angle of deviation through a prism is
whose focal length has absolute value minimum when
|f| = 40cm. The image of object produced by the
mirror is of height 25 cm and has the same d
orientation of the object. One may conclude
from the information :
(1) Image is real, same side of concave mirror. (A) Incident ray and emergent ray are
(2) Image is virtual, opposite side of concave symmetric to the prism
mirror. (B) The refracted ray inside the prism becomes
(3) Image is real, same side of convex mirror. parallel to its base
(4) Image is virtual, opposite side of convex (C) Angle of incidence is equal to that of the
mirror. angle of emergence
4. Given below are two statements : one is labelled (D) When angle of emergence is double the
as Assertion A and the other is labelled as angle of incidence
Reason R. Choose the correct answer from the options
Assertion A : For a simple microscope, the given below :
angular size of the object equals the angular size (1) Statements (A), (B) and (C) are true
of the image. (2) Only statement (D) is true
Reason R : Magnification is achieved as the (3) Only statements (A) and (B) are true
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small object can be kept much closer to the eye (4) Statements (B) and (C) are true
than 25 cm and hence it subtends a large angle. 8. The refractive index of a converging lens is 1.4.
In the light of the above statements, choose the What will be the focal length of this lens if it is
most appropriate answer from the options given placed in a medium of same refractive
below : index ? (Assume the radii of curvature of the
(1) A is true but R is false faces of lens are R1 and R2 respectively)
(2) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the (1) 1 (2) Infinite
correct explanation of A. R1 R 2
(3) Both A and R are true and R is the correct (3) (4) Zero
R1 - R 2
explanation of A
9. Red light differs from blue light as they
(4) A is false but R is true
have :
5. The incident ray, reflected ray and the outward
r (1) Different frequencies and different
drawn normal are denoted by the unit vectors a ,
r r wavelengths
b and c respectively. Then choose the correct
relation for these vectors. (2) Different frequencies and same wavelengths
r r r r r r (3) Same frequencies and same wavelengths
(1) b = a + 2c (2) b = 2a + c
r r rr r r r r (4) Same frequencies and different wavelengths
(3) b = a - 2 ( a.c ) c (4) b = a - c

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10. A deviation of 2° is produced in the yellow ray 15. Three rays of light, namely red (R), green (G)
when prism of crown and flint glass are and blue (B) are incident on the face PQ of a
achromatically combined. Taking dispersive right angled prism PQR as shown in figure.
P
powers of crown and flint glass are 0.02 and
0.03 respectively and refractive index for B
yellow light for these glasses are 1.5 and 1.6 G
respectively. The refracting angles for crown R
glass prism will be ________° (in degree)
(Round off to the Nearest Integer) Q R
11. The thickness at the centre of a plano convex The refractive indices of the material of the
lens is 3 mm and the diameter is 6 cm. If the prism for red, green and blue wavelength are
1.27, 1.42 and 1.49 respectively. The colour of
speed of light in the material of the lens is
the ray(s) emerging out of the face PR is :
2 × 108 ms–1. The focal length of the lens is (1) green (2) red
_____. (3) blue and green (4) blue
(1) 0.30 cm (2) 15 cm 16. Region I and II are separated by a spherical
(3) 1.5 cm (4) 30 cm surface of radius 25 cm. An object is kept in
region I at a distance of 40 cm from the surface.
12. The radius in kilometer to which the present
The distance of the image from the surface is :
radius of earth (R = 6400 km) to be compressed
so that the escape velocity is increased 10 time
is _______.
13. The image of an object placed in air formed by
a convex refracting surface is at a distance of (1) 55.44 cm (2) 9.52 cm
10 m behind the surface. The image is real and (3) 18.23 cm (4) 37.58 cm
is at of the distance of the object from the 17. An object viewed from a near point distance of
2 rd 25 cm, using a microscopic lens with
surface .The wavelength of light inside the
3 magnification '6', gives an unresolved image. A
2 resolved image is observed at infinite distance
surface is times the wavelength in air. The
3 with a total magnification double the earlier
x using an eyepiece along with the given lens and
radius of the curved surface is m. the value

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13 a tube of length 0.6 m, if the focal length of the
of 'x' is__________. eyepiece is equal to ______ cm.
14. Your friend is having eye sight problem. She is 18. A ray of light passes from a denser medium to a
not able to see clearly a distant uniform window rarer medium at an angle of incidence i. The
mesh and it appears to her as non-uniform and reflected and refracted rays make an angle of
distorted. The doctor diagnosed the problem as : 90° with each other. The angle of reflection and
(1) Astigmatism refraction are respectively r and r'. The critical
(2) Myopia with Astigmatism angle is given by :
(3) Presbyopia with Astigmatism
(4) Myopia and hypermetropia

(1) sin–1 (cotr) (2) tan–1 (sini)

(3) sin–1 (tanr') (4) sin–1 (tanr)

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19. A ray of light passing through a prism (µ = 3) 23. A prism of refractive index n1 and another prism
suffers minimum deviation. It is found that the of refractive index n2 are stuck together (as
angle of incidence is double the angle of shown in the figure). n1 and n2 depend on l, the
refraction within the prism. Then, the angle of wavelength of light, according to the relation n1
prism is ________ (in degrees) 10.8 ´ 10 –14 1.8 ´ 10 –14
= 1.2 + and n 2 = 1.45 +
20. A ray of laser of a wavelength 630 nm is l2 l2
incident at an angle of 30° at the diamond-air The wavelength for which rays incident at any
interface. It is going from diamond to air. The angle on the interface BC pass through without
refractive index of diamond is 2.42 and that of bending at that interface will be _________ nm.
air is 1. Choose the correct option.
(1) angle of refraction is 24.41°
(2) angle of refraction is 30°
(3) refraction is not possible
(4) angle of refraction is 53.4°
21. A prism of refractive index µ and angle of prism
A is placed in the position of minimum angle of
deviation. If minimum angle of deviation is also
A, then in terms of refractive index : 24. The expected graphical representation of the
æµö æµö variation of angle of deviation 'd' with angle of
(1) 2 cos-1 ç ÷ (2) sin -1 ç ÷ incidence 'i' in a prism is :
è2ø è2ø
æ µ -1 ö æµö
(3) sin -1 ç ÷ (4) cos-1 ç ÷ (1) (2)
ç 2 ÷ø è2ø
è
22. A ray of light entering from air into a denser
4
medium of refractive index , as shown in
3
figure. The light ray suffers total internal
(3) (4)
reflection at the adjacent surface as shown. The
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maximum value of angle q should be equal to :

25. An object is placed at a distance of 12 cm from

a convex lens. A convex mirror of focal length
15 cm is placed on other side of lens at 8 cm as
shown in the figure. Image of object coincides
with the object. When the convex mirror is
removed, a real and inverted image is formed at
a position. The distance of the image from the
object will be ........(cm)

7 5
(1) sin -1 (2) sin -1
3 4
7 5
(3) sin -1 (4) sin -1
4 3

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26. An object is placed beyond the centre of 29. An object is placed at the focus of concave lens
curvature C of the given concave mirror. If the having focal length f. What is the magnification
distance of the object is d1 from C and the and distance of the image from the optical
distance of the image formed is d2 from C, the
centre of the lens?
radius of curvature of this mirror is :
2d1d 2 2d1d 2 (1) 1, ¥ (2) Very high, ¥
(1) (2) 1 f 1 f
d1 - d 2 d1 + d 2 (3) , (4) ,
2 2 4 4
d1d 2 d1d 2
(3) (4) 30. Two plane mirrors M1 and M2 are at right angle
d1 + d 2 d1 – d 2
to each other shown. A point source 'P' is placed
27. Find the distance of the image from object O,
formed by the combination of lenses in the at 'a' and '2a' meter away from M1 and M2
figure : respectively. The shortest distance between the
images thus formed is : (Take 5 = 2.3)

(1) 3a (2) 4.6 a

(1) 75 cm (2) 10 cm (3) 2.3 a (4) 2 10 a

(3) 20 cm (4) infinity 31. Cross–section view of a prism is the equilateral
28. Curved surfaces of a plano-convex lens of triangle ABC in the figure. The minimum
refractive index m1 and a plano-concave lens of deviation is observed using this prism when the
refractive index m2 have equal radius of angle of incidence is equal to the prism angle.
curvature as shown in figure. Find the ratio of The time taken by light to travel from
radius of curvature to the focal length of the P (midpoint of BC) to A is______ × 10–10 s.
combined lenses. (Given, speed of light in vacuum = 3 × 108 m/s
3
and cos30° = )

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2

1
(1) (2) m1 – m2
m 2 - m1
1
(3) (4) m2 – m1
m1 - m 2

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32. Car B overtakes another car A at a relative 33. A glass tumbler having inner depth of 17.5 cm
speed of 40 ms–1. How fast will the image of car is kept on a table. A student starts pouring
B appear to move in the mirror of focal length water (µ = 4/3) into it while looking at the
10 cm fitted in car A, when the car B is 1.9 m surface of water from the above. When he feels
away from the car A? that the tumbler is half filled, he stops pouring
(1) 4 ms–1 (2) 0.2 ms–1 water. Up to what height, the tumbler is
(3) 40 ms–1 (4) 0.1 ms–1 actually filled ?
(1) 11.7 cm (2) 10 cm
(3) 7.5 cm (4) 8.75 cm
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SOLUTION 5. Official Ans. by NTA (3)
r
1. Official Ans. by NTA (1) Sol. a = sin qˆi - cos qˆj c ^j
Sol. For convex mirror, focus is behind the mirror. r
ˆ
b = sin qi + cos q jˆ b ^i
r a qq
c = ˆj
r rr r
F C a - 2 ( a.c ) c = sin qˆi + cos qˆj

r 6. Official Ans. by NTA (150)

Þf=+
2
2. Official Ans. by NTA (15)
f q x
Sol. m = q
u+f
q 50 cm
f Sol. S
+m= ... (1) q 60 cm
-10 + f
f q
–m= ... (2) q
-20 + f 60cm 1.2 m
(1) / (2)
f - 20
–1=
f - 10 tan q =
25 x
=
10 – f = f – 20 60 180
30 = 2f
f = 15 cm x = 75 cm
3. Official Ans. by NTA (4)
so distance between extreme point = 2x = 2 ×
Sol. Since orientation is same image is virtual. Since
image is smaller the mirror has to be convex 75 = 150 cm
Ans. (4)
4. Official Ans. by NTA (3) 7. Official Ans. by NTA (1)
Allen Ans. (2)
Q Sol. Deviation is minimum in a prism when :
h
Sol. q
D i = e, r1 = r2 and ray (2) is parallel to base of prism.
q = h/D

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u0

i d e
F h q' F r1 r2
Base
f

8. Official Ans. by NTA (2)

D
h
q' = ; q' is same for both object and image 1 é mL ùé 1 1 ù
u0 Sol. = ê - 1ú ê - ú
F ë mS û ë R1 R 2 û
q' D
m= =
q m0 1
If mL = mS Þ =0 ÞF=¥
u0 < D F
Hence m > 1
9. Official Ans. by NTA (1)

Sol. Red light and blue light have different

wavelength and different frequency.

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10. Official Ans. by NTA (12) 13. Official Ans. by NTA (30)
Sol. Ans. (12) l 3
w 1 = 0.02 ; m1 = 1.5 ; w2 = 0.03 ; m 2 = 1.6 Sol. lm = a Þ m =
m 2
Achromatic combination
m 1 m –1
\ qnet = 0 – =
v u R
q1 – q2 = 0
q1 = q2 3
–1
3 1 2
w1 d1 = w 2 d 2 + =
2 ´ 10 15 R
& d net = d1 - d 2 = 2°
30
w1d1 R= = 30
d1 - = 2° 13
w2 14. Official Ans. by NTA (2)
æ w ö Sol. If distant objects are blurry then problem is
d1 ç 1 - 1 ÷ = 2°
è w2 ø Myopia.
If objects are distorted then problem is
æ 2ö
d1 ç 1 - ÷ = 2° Astigmatism
è 3ø 15. Official Ans. by NTA (2)
d1 = 6 ° P
d1 = (m1 - 1) A 1
6 ° = (1.5 - 1) A 1
A1 = 12° Sol. 45°
11. Official Ans. by NTA (4)
Sol. R2 = r2 + (R – t)2
R2 = r2 + R2 + t2 – 2Rt Q R
Neglecting t2, we get Assuming that the right angled prism is an
r2 isoceles prism, so the other angles will be 45°
R=
2t each.
1 æ 1 1 ö m -1 Þ Each incident ray will make an angle of 45°
\ = (m – 1) ç - ÷ = with the normal at face PR.
f èR ¥ø R
Þ The wavelength corresponding to which the
R r2 (3´10 -2 )2 incidence angle is less than the critical angle,
f= = =
m -1 2t (m - 1) æ3 ö will pass through PR.
2 ´ 3 ´10-3 ´ç -1 ÷
Þ qC = critical angle
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è2 ø
9 ´10 -4 æ1ö
= ×2 Þ qC = sin -1 ç ÷
6 ´10-3 ´1 èmø
f = 0.3 m = 30 cm Þ If qC ³ 45°
12. Official Ans. by NTA (64) the light ray will pass
2Gm æ 1 ö
Sol. Ve = .... (1) Þ ( qC )Re d = sin -1 ç ÷ = 51.94°
R è 1.27 ø
2Gm Red will pass.
10Ve = ... (2) æ 1 ö
R' Þ ( qC )Green = sin -1 ç ÷ = 44.76°
è 1.42 ø
R
\ 10 = Green will not pass
R'
æ 1 ö
R 6400 Þ ( qC )Blue = sin -1 ç ÷ = 42.15°
Þ R' = = = 64 km è 1.49 ø
100 100 Blue will not pass
Þ So only red will pass through PR.

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16. Official Ans. by NTA (4) n2
Now sin C = = tan i
m 2 m1 m 2 - m1 n1
Sol. - =
v u R
Þ C = sin–1 (tan i) = sin –1 (tan r)
1.4 1.25 1.4 - 1.25
- = 19. Official Ans. by NTA (60)
v -40 -25
A
1.4 0.15 1.25 Sol. At minimum deviation r1 = r2 =
=- - 2
v 25 40
Also given i = 2r1 = A
v = – 37.58 cm
Now 1.sin i = 3 sin r1
Hence option (4)

17. Official Ans. by NTA (25) A

1sin A = 3 sin
2
Sol. For simple microscope,
A A A
Þ 2sin cos = 3 sin
D 2 2 2
m = 1+
f0
A 3 A
Þ cos = Þ = 30°
D 2 2 2
6 = 1+
f0 Þ A = 60°

25 20. Official Ans. by NTA (3)

5=
f0
1 1
Sol. sin qC = = < sin qC
f0 = 5 cm m 2m2
sin q > sin q C
For compound microscope,
q > qC
Total internal reflection will happen
l×D

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m= 21. Official Ans. by NTA (1)
f0 × fe
æ A + d min ö
60 ´ 25 sin ç ÷
12 = è 2 ø
5 × fe Sol. m=
æAö
sin ç ÷
è2ø
fe = 25 cm
æA+Aö
sin ç ÷
18. Official Ans. by NTA (4)
m= è 2 ø
æAö
Sol. r + r’ + 90° = 180° Þ r’ = 90 – r = 90 – i sin ç ÷
è2ø
n1 sin i = n2 sin r’ = n2 sin (90 – i) sin A A
m= = 2cos
A 2
sin
n1 sin i = n2 cos i Þ tan i =
n2 2
n1 æmö
A = 2 cos -1 ç ÷
è2ø

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22. Official Ans. by NTA (1) 24. Official Ans. by NTA (2)
Sol. Standard graph between angle of deviation and
incident angle.
25. Official Ans. by NTA (50)
Sol.

Sol.

For the object to coincide with image, the light

must fall perpendicularly to mirror. Which

At maximum angle q ray at point B goes in gazing
emergence, at all less values of q, TIR occurs. means that the light will have to converge at C
At point B
4
´ sin q " = 1´ sin 90° of mirror.
3
æ3ö Without the mirror also, the light would
q" = sin -1 ç ÷
è4ø coverage at C.
æp ö
q ' = ç - q" ÷
è2 ø So the distance is : 12 + 8 + 30 = 50 cm
At point A
4 26. Official Ans. by NTA (1)
1´ sin q = ´ sin q '
3
Sol. Using Newton''s formula
4 æp ö
sin q = ´ sin ç - q " ÷
3 è2 ø ( f + d 1 )( f – d 2 ) = f 2
4 é 7ù
sin q = cos êcos -1 ú f2 + fd1 – fd2 – d1d2 = f2
3 ë 4 û
d 1d 2 2d1d 2
\R=
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f=
d1 – d 2 d1 – d 2

27. Official Ans. by NTA (1)

1 1 1
Sol. + =
V1 30 10

4 7 1 2
sin q = ´ = Þ V1 = 15 cm
3 4 V1 30
æ 7ö
q = sin -1 çç ÷
è 3 ÷ø 1
–
1
=–
1
23. Official Ans. by NTA (600) V2 10 10
Sol. For no bending, n1 = n2
10.8 ´ 10 -14 1.8 ´ 10-4 1
1.2 + = 1.45 + = 0 V2 = ¥
l2 l2 V2
On solving,
9 × 10–14 = 25 l2 V3 = 30 cm
l = 6 × 10–7 OV3 = 75 cm
l = 600 nm

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28. Official Ans. by NTA (2) 31. Official Ans. by NTA (5)
Sol. i = A = 60°
dmin = 2i – A
Sol. = 2 × 60° – 60° = 60°
æd + Aö
sin -1 ç min ÷
1 æ1ö m= è 2 ø = 3
= (µ1 - 1) ç ÷ æ A ö
f1 èRø sin -1 ç ÷
è2ø
1 æ 1ö
= (µ 2 - 1) ç - ÷ 3 ´10 8
f2 è Rø Vprism =
3
1 1 1 (µ 1 - 1) - (µ 2 - 1)
+ = = 3
f1 f2 feq R AP = 10 ´ 10-2 ´
2
1 (µ1 - µ 2 )
= 5 ´ 10-2
feq R time = ´ 3´ 3
3 ´ 108
R
= (µ1 - µ 2 ) = 5 × 10–10 sec Ans = 5
feq 32. Official Ans. by NTA (4)
29. Official Ans. by NTA (3)
Sol.
Sol.
Mirror used is convex mirror (rear-view mirror)
\ VI / m = - m 2 VO / m
Given,
U=–f VO/ m = 40m / s
1 1 1 1 2 f 10 10
- = Þ =- m= = =
V U -f V f f - u 10 + 190 200
-f 1
V= \ VI/m = - ´ 40 = -0.1m / s
2 400
V 1 \ Car will appear to move with speed 0.1 m/s.
m= =
U 2 Hence option (4)
f 33. Official Ans. by NTA (2)
distance = Sol.

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2
Option (3)
30. Official Ans. by NTA (2)

Sol.

Height of water observed by observer

H H 3H
= = =
m w ( 4 / 3) 4
Height of air observed by observer = 17.5 – H
Shortest distance is 2a between I1 & I3 According to question, both height observed by
But answer given is for I1 & I2 observer is same.
3H
( 4a ) + ( 2a )
2 2
= 17.5 - H
4
a 20 ; 4.47 a Þ H = 10 cm
Option (2) Option (2)