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    X-D Sub-Topic Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto 1971-77 8.4

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    X-D Sub-Topic Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto 1971-77 8.4

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    abdulrafaysic92
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    X-d Sub-Topic Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto 1971-77 8.4

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    8 views8 pages

    X-D Sub-Topic Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto 1971-77 8.4

    Uploaded by

    abdulrafaysic92

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 8

    CLASS: X- AKUEB

    SUBJECT PAKISTAN STUDIES

    CHAPTER: 8 POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT IN PAKISTAN (1947-2002)

    SUB TOPIC: 8.4 ZULFIQAR ALI BHUTTO 1971-77

    SLO # 8.4.1
    DISCUSS THE REASON BEHIND ZULFIQAR ALI BHUTTO COMING
    TO POWER; (U)

    FALL OF E.PAK X- AKU Page 1 of 8


    FALL OF E.PAK X- AKU Page 2 of 8
    SLO # 8.4.2
    Discuss the reforms introduced by Zulfiqar Ali Bhotto (land reforms and
    nationalization) and their impact on the country; (U)

    FALL OF E.PAK X- AKU Page 3 of 8


    FALL OF E.PAK X- AKU Page 4 of 8
    FALL OF E.PAK X- AKU Page 5 of 8
    FALL OF E.PAK X- AKU Page 6 of 8
    SLO # 8.4.3

    Analyze Shimla agreement and its impact on Pakistan; (A)

    BACKGROUND
     The immediate outcome of the War of 1971 between India and Pakistan was the
    change of government in Pakistan and Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto, the majority party leader of
    West Pakistan assumed power on December 20, 1971.
     The War of 1971 resulted in the dismemberment of East Pakistan. Pakistan had lost
    almost 54% of its population and 93,000 of its soldiers and civilians were in Indian
    possession.
     Therefore, the new government’s initial challenges were to come out the state of
    emergency and resolve the matter of POW’s (prisoners of war) as soon as possible.
    India and Pakistan were in direct contact with each other through diplomatic channels.
     Finally, it was agreed that the talks between Pakistani President Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto
    and Indian Prime Minister Indra Gandhi would open on June 28, 1972.
     The summit conference between Bhutto and Indra Gandhi opened in Simla on the
    decided time. The summit conference was held from June 28 to July 2, 1972.

    FALL OF E.PAK X- AKU Page 7 of 8


    SIMLA AGREEMENT AND ITS CLAUSES
    On July 2, 1972 both countries reached an agreement. Main clauses of Simla Agreement
    are:
     Both countries would put an end to conflict and confrontation and would work for
    promotion of friendly relations and peace.
     They agreed to follow United Nations Charter to govern their relations and
    affirmed to respect each other’s national unity, political independence and
    territorial integrity.
     Both Governments agreed to avert hostile propaganda against each other.
     For the restoration of normal relations both the governments agreed to resume
    communications and promote travel facilities. Both agreed for cooperation in
    economic and cultural activities.
     Both agreed to respect the line of control between Jammu and Kashmir resulting
    from the ceasefire of December 17, 1971.
     The withdrawal of forces of both countries would come into effect within the 30
    days of agreement’s enforcement.
    IMPACT
     Reduced his dependence on the army by making further fighting with India less
    likely.
     Improved his government international reputation by being seen as willing to
    negotiate to maintain peace.
     Increased his popularity in Pakistan by bringing home the POW (prisoners of war)

    FALL OF E.PAK X- AKU Page 8 of 8

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