RAFFLES INSTITUTION

H2 Mathematics (9758)
2023 Year 6

2023 Year 6 H2 Mathematics Timed Practice: Solutions with Comments

1
 sin
2
(a) (i) Find x dx . [2]

(ii) Hence or otherwise, show that

1 1 1

x sin 2 x dx  x 2  x sin 2 x  cos 2 x  c.
4 4 8
[3]

1
(b) (i) Sketch the graph of y  x sin 2 x for 0  x  π , labelling the end points
2
clearly. [2]
(ii) Hence, find the exact area of the region bounded by the graph of y  x sin x ,
2

1
the x-axis and the line x  π . [3]
2
Solutions Comments
(a)(i)  1  cos 2 x 
[2]  
sin 2 x dx  
 2
 dx

1

2  1  cos 2 x  dx
1 sin 2 x 
 x c
2 2 
1 sin 2 x
 x c
2 4
(a)(ii) 1 1  1 1  “Hence” method:
[3]  2 4 
x sin 2 x dx  x  x  sin 2 x    x  sin 2 x  dx Integration by parts:
 2 4 
ux dv
1 1   1  x  1   cos 2 x  
2  sin 2 x
 x  x  sin 2 x          c dx
2 4  2  2  4  2 
du 1 sin 2 x
1 2 1 1 2 1 1 v  x
 x  x sin 2 x  x  cos 2 x  c dx 2 4
2 4 4 8
1 1 1
 x 2  x sin 2 x  cos 2 x  c (shown)
4 4 8

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2023 Y6 H2 Math Timed Practice: Solutions with comments

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Raffles Institution H2 Mathematics 2023 Year 6
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Alternatively,
 1  cos 2 x 
 
x sin 2 x dx  x 
 2
 dx

2
x 1
 
4 2  x cos 2 x dx

x 2 1   sin 2 x   sin 2 x  
  x 
4 2   2   2  
   dx

x 2 x sin 2 x 1   cos 2 x 
    c
4 4 4 2 
1 1 1
 x 2  x sin 2 x  cos 2 x  c (shown)
4 4 8
(b)(i) y
Students needs to
[2] π π
 ,  zoom to the
2 2 y  x sin 2 x appropriate scale to
see the shape of the
graph. Do observe
the gradient as well.

 0,0 x
O
π
x
2

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2023 Y6 H2 Math Timed Practice: Solutions with comments

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Raffles Institution H2 Mathematics 2023 Year 6
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(b)(ii) π
Some students made
[3] Required area  0
2
x sin 2 x dx careless mistakes
π with the signs.
1 1 1 2
  x 2  x sin 2 x  cos 2 x 
4 4 8 0
 1  π 2 1  π    π   1   π  
       sin  2     cos  2    
 4  2  4  2    2   8   2   
1 2 1 1 
   0    0  sin  2  0    cos  2  0   
 4 4 8 
2
π 1 1
   1 
16 8 8
π 12
    units 2
 16 4 

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2023 Y6 H2 Math Timed Practice: Solutions with comments

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Raffles Institution H2 Mathematics 2023 Year 6
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a 1
2 (a) A point R has position vector r =  2   a  4  , where a is a real number.
 
3 5
   
Describe geometrically the set of all possible positions of R as a varies. [2]

π
(b) The angle between the vectors a and b is radians.
3
(i) Given that the angle between the vectors b and a  2b is a right angle, show
that a  4 b . [3]

(ii) Given also that b  2 , find the exact length of projection of  2a  b  onto
 a  2b  . [5]
Solutions Comments

(a) a 1 0  2 Many students did

[2]    
r =  2   a  4  =  2   a  4  , a  
  not manipulate the
3 5  3 5 expression to have a
        as a parameter.
Equation of a line
R lies on the line passing through the point with coordinates must take the form:
(0, 2,3) , and the line is parallel to the vector 2i  4 j+ 5k . r = c + a d,
where c and d are
constant vectors.
(b)(i) π
Angle between a and b is
[3] 3
π 1
 a  b  a b cos  a b … (1)
3 2

Angle between b and a – 2b is a right angle

 b  (a  2b)  0
 b  a  2b  b  0
2
 2 b  b  a … (2)

1 2
Substitute (1) into (2) : b  a b
4
Divide throughout by b , we have a  4 b . (shown)

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2023 Y6 H2 Math Timed Practice: Solutions with comments

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Raffles Institution H2 Mathematics 2023 Year 6
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(b)(ii) From (bi), since b  2 , a  4 b  8 and a  b  8 Reminder: a  4 b

[5] DOES NOT mean
Length of projection of  2a  b  onto  a  2b  a  4b
(2a  b)  (a  2b)
= The modulus sign is
a  2b necessary to ensure a
2 2 positive value is
2 a  2 b  5a  b
= obtained for length
(a  2b )  (a  2b ) of projection.
176
= Many students did
2 2
a  4a  b  4 b not consider the dot
176 product to find
= a  2b . Note that
112
44 44 7 a  2b  a  2b in
= units (or units)
7 7 general.

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2023 Y6 H2 Math Timed Practice: Solutions with comments

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Raffles Institution H2 Mathematics 2023 Year 6
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3 Do not use a calculator in answering this question.

3 3
Two complex numbers p and q are given by p  i and q  1  i 3 respectively.
2 2
(a) Find p * q 2 in the form a  ib , where a and b are exact real values, and p *
denotes the conjugate of p. [3]

(b) (i) Find the modulus and argument of p and q. [2]

(ii) Write down the value of p * q 2 in the form r  cos  isin   , where r  0
and  π    π. [2]

(c) (i) Represent p * q 2 on an Argand diagram, labelling clearly the information

found in parts (a) and (bii). [1]

1
(ii) Hence, find the exact value of sin π. [2]
12
Solutions Comments
(a) Many students did not
 3 3 
 
2
p * q2   i  1 i 3
[3]  2 2 simplify the answer.


3
2
1  i  1  i2 3  3 

3
2
1  i  2  i2 3  

3
2

2  i2 3  2i+2 3 

 3 2  1  3  i 1  3 
    

 3 2  3 6   i 3 2 3 6 
a   3 2  3 6 and b  3 2  3 6
(b)(i) 2 2
 3   3  π
[2] p      3 , arg( p ) 
 2  2 4

 3 π
2
1
2
q  2 , arg(q) 
3
(b)(ii) i
π
i
π Many students did not use the
[2] From (bi), p  3e 4 and q  2e 3 exponential form/properties to
find the argument and
modulus. It is very difficult to
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2023 Y6 H2 Math Timed Practice: Solutions with comments

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Raffles Institution H2 Mathematics 2023 Year 6
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  i π   i 2π  work from the cartesian form

p * q 2   3e 4   4e 3  since students are not
  
 π 2π 
supposed to use GC for this
i   
 12e  4 3  question.
5π
i
 12e 12
 5 5π 
 12  cos  i sin 
 12 12 
Alternatively,
2
p * q 2  p q  3(2 2 )  12
2  5
arg  p * q 2   2 arg q  arg p   
3 4 12
 5 5π 
 p * q 2  12  cos  i sin 
 12 12 

(c)(i) Many students did not

[1] illustrate the argument
5
proportionally. Note that
12
is 75.

 π  Re  p * q 
(c)(ii) 2 Do refer to the diagram in
[2] sin    (c)(i).
 12  p * q2
3 2  3 6 6 2
 
12 4

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2023 Y6 H2 Math Timed Practice: Solutions with comments

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Raffles Institution H2 Mathematics 2023 Year 6
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Alternatively,
π  π 5π 
sin    sin   
 12   2 12  π
 5π  12
 cos  
 12  5π
Re  p * q 2  12

p * q2
3 2  3 6 6 2
 
12 4

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2023 Y6 H2 Math Timed Practice: Solutions with comments

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Raffles Institution H2 Mathematics 2023 Year 6
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4 Two planes p1 and p2 are perpendicular. Plane p1 has equation

 2 1  2
     
r  1   a   0 ,
 3  2 1
     
where a is a constant, and  and  are parameters.
Plane p2 contains the line l with equation x  3  z  4, y  1 .
(a) Given that the equation of p1 may also be expressed as
 1
 
r  3   d ,
 2 
 
where d is a constant, find the values of a and d. [2]
(b) Find a cartesian equation of p2 . [3]
(c) Show that a vector equation of m, the line of intersection of p1 and p2 , can be
expressed as
 2 5
   
r   1   s  1  , where s is a parameter. [3]
 3  4
   
(d) Find the acute angle between l and m. [2]
(e) The points O, A and B have coordinates  0, 0, 0  ,  3,1, 4  and  2,1, 3 

 

respectively. By considering the dot products of vectors BO and BA with the
normal of p1 , determine whether O and A are on the same side or opposite sides
of p1 .

 

You should indicate clearly the vectors BO and BA on the diagram below. [2]

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2023 Y6 H2 Math Timed Practice: Solutions with comments

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Raffles Institution H2 Mathematics 2023 Year 6
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Solutions Comments
(a) 1  1 
[2]    
 a    3   0  1  3a  4  0  a  1
 2   2 
   
 2  1 
   
 1    3   2  3  6  1  d  1
 3   2 
   
Alternative Method
 1  2
A vector perpendicular to p1 is  a    0 
 2 1
   
 a  1
   
  3  which is parallel to  3
 2a   2 
   
 a 1
 2  1 
   
 1    3   2  3  6  1  d  1
 3   2 
   
(b) 1 Do revise how to
[3] Direction vector for line l :  0  convert the form of a
1 line from cartesian
 
to vector form.
 1   1   3   1  Some students
A vector perpendicular to p2   0    3    3   3  1 
     
1
 1   2   3  1
        obtained  1  as
0
 1   
Normal of p2 =  1  . direction vector of l
1 instead, which is
 
incorrect.
 3   1
   
Note that  1    1   3  1  4  2
 4  1 
   
Hence, a cartesian equation of p2 is  x  y  z  2 .

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2023 Y6 H2 Math Timed Practice: Solutions with comments

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Raffles Institution H2 Mathematics 2023 Year 6
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(c)  1   1   5  Students need to

[3] Direction vector is  3    1    1  show clearly:
 2   1   4  1. the point (2,1,3)
     
lies on both
Note that (2,1,3) lies on p1 as observed from its equation
planes
 2 1  2 2. find a direction
     
r   1     a     0  , when     0 . vector that is
 3  2 1 5
     
Since 2  1  3  2 , (2,1,3) also lies on p2 . parallel to  1  .
 4
 
 2  5
   
Equation of m : r   1   s  1  , s   .
 3  4
   
(d) Let  be the acute angle between l and m. The modulus sign is
[2] necessary to ensure
1 5
    that the angle
0 1 obtained is acute.
1  4
    9
cos   
2 42 84
  10.9 (to 1 d.p.)

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2023 Y6 H2 Math Timed Practice: Solutions with comments

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Raffles Institution H2 Mathematics 2023 Year 6
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(e)  1   2  1  The values of the dot



     
[2] BO  3     1    3     2  3  6   1  0 products indicate one
 2   3   2  angle is acute while
     
the other is obtuse,
 1  1  1  leading to the


     
BA   3    0    3   1  2  1  0 conclusion that the
 2   1   2  points are on
     
opposite sides of the
 1 
plane.
Angle between BO and  3  is acute while angle between



 2 
  Also, do note that
 1  vector BO is longer


  than vector BA.
BA and  3  is obtuse.
 2 
 
O and A are on opposite sides of p1.

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2023 Y6 H2 Math Timed Practice: Solutions with comments

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Raffles Institution H2 Mathematics 2023 Year 6
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5 John models the nitrate level, N mg/L, present in the aquarium at a time t days after
setting up his fish tank. The model assumes that, at any time t, the rate of increase of
nitrate level due to ammonia and bacteria in the tank is kN mg/L per day, for some
positive constant k. The initial nitrate level is 10 mg/L and it is found to be 20 mg/L after
1 day.
(a) (i) Write down a differential equation involving N, t and k. [1]
(ii) Solve this differential equation to find an expression for N in terms of t and
show that k  ln 2 . [3]
(iii) Find the nitrate level after 3 days. [1]

Hornwort is an aquatic plant that can help to reduce nitrate levels in aquariums. John
adds s stalks of hornwort to his fish tank after 3 days. He then models the rate of decrease
of nitrate level by the hornwort, x days after it is added, by h mg/L per stalk per day. The
rate of increase of nitrate level due to ammonia and bacteria in the tank remains at
N ln 2 mg/L per day.
(b) dN
(i) Explain why the differential equation in this case is now  N ln 2  sh .
dx
[1]
(ii) Solve this differential equation, giving N in terms of x, s and h. [3]

(c) In the case where h = 18.5, find the least number of stalks of hornwort needed in
order for the nitrate level to decrease to 0 mg/L at x  7 . [3]

Solutions Comments
(ai) dN
[1]  kN
dt
(aii) 1 Note that the
[3]  kN
dN   1 dt modulus sign in
Since N  0, ln N should be
1 included if there
ln N  t  c ' is no mention of N
k
being positive.
ln N  kt  c , where c  kc '
N  e kt  c
N  Ae kt , where A  ec
When t  0 , N  10 . Hence A  10 .
When t  1 , N  20 . Question states
Hence, 20  10ek that we need to
k  ln 2 (shown) find an expression
for N in terms of t.
 N  10et ln 2 or N  10(2t )

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2023 Y6 H2 Math Timed Practice: Solutions with comments

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Raffles Institution H2 Mathematics 2023 Year 6
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(aiii) N  10et ln 2 or N  10(2t )

[1] When t  3 , N  10e3ln 2  80
The nitrate level after 3 days is 80 mg/L.
(bi) Since h is the rate of decrease of nitrate level by one stalk of hornwort per day, sh
[1] would be the rate of decrease of nitrate level by s stalks of hornwort in one day.
Total rate of change = (rate of increase due to ammonia and bacteria)
– (rate of decrease due to s stalks of hornwort)
dN
hence  N ln 2  sh .
dx
(bii) dN Note that the
 N ln 2  sh
[3] dx modulus sign for
1 ln N ln 2  sh is
 N ln 2  sh dN   1 d x
required.
1
ln N ln 2  sh  x  d '
ln 2
ln N ln 2  sh  x ln 2  d , where d  d 'ln 2
N ln 2  sh  e x ln 2 d
N ln 2  sh  Be x ln 2 , where B  ed
Be x ln 2  sh
N ------- (*)
ln 2

When x  0 , N  80 . The initial

condition found in
B  sh
80  part a(iii) should
ln 2 be used to find the
B  80 ln 2  sh value of the
arbitrary constant,
Substituting B  80 ln 2  sh into (*), B.
N
 80 ln 2  sh  e x ln 2  sh
ln 2

N
 80 ln 2  sh  2 x  sh
ln 2
(c) Method 1:
[3] Given h  18.5 . When x  7 , N  0 .

0
 80 ln 2  18.5 s  2 7  18.5 s
ln 2
128  80 ln 2  127  18.5 s  0
128  80 ln 2
s  3.02 (to 3s.f.)
127  18.5
The least number of stalks needed is 4.
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2023 Y6 H2 Math Timed Practice: Solutions with comments

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Raffles Institution H2 Mathematics 2023 Year 6
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Method 2:
Given h  18.5 . When x  7 , N  0 .

0
 80 ln 2  18.5 s  2 7  18.5 s
ln 2
128  80 ln 2  127  18.5 s  0
128  80 ln 2
s  3.02 (to 3s.f.)
127  18.5
The least number of stalks needed is 4.

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2023 Y6 H2 Math Timed Practice: Solutions with comments

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Raffles Institution H2 Mathematics 2023 Year 6
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6 (a) Find the number of arrangements of all ten letters of the word ENGAGEMENT
with no restrictions. [1]

(b) Find the number of arrangements of all ten letters of the word ENGAGEMENT
in which the first and last letters are vowels. [3]

(c) Find the number of arrangements of all ten letters of the word ENGAGEMENT
in which no two vowels are next to each other. [3]

(d) It is now given that 4 letters are randomly selected from the ten letters in the word
ENGAGEMENT.

Find the probability that the 4 letters selected contains exactly 2 distinct letters.
[4]
Solutions Comments
(a) 10!
Number of ways   151200
[1] 3!2!2!
(b) Case 1: Start with E and end with E The three E’s are
[3] 8! identical, hence
Number of ways   10080
2!2! there is only 1
Case 2: Start with E and end with A way to choose an
8! E to begin and
Number of ways   5040 another E to end.
2!2!2!
Case 3: Start with A and end with E
8!
Number of ways   5040 (same as case 2)
2!2!2!
Total number of ways  10080  5040  5040  20160

(c) The vowels are 3Es and 1A. Slotting method is

[3] The consonants are 2Ns, 2Gs, 1M and 1T. efficient in this
6! context to ensure
Number of ways to arrange the consonants   180
2!2! no 2 vowels are
next to each other.
C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 Avoid the
complement
      
method for this
question.
Number of ways to choose 4 slots to insert the vowels  C4  35
7

4!
Number of ways to arrange the vowels  4
3!

 The number of different arrangements  18035 4  25200

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2023 Y6 H2 Math Timed Practice: Solutions with comments

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Raffles Institution H2 Mathematics 2023 Year 6
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(d) Case 1: E E E E ' Note the

[4] interpretation of
3 2 1 4! 1 “two distinct
Req probability is     letters” in this
10 9 8 3! 30
context.
Case 2: EENN or EEGG or NNGG
Some missed out
case 1 when there
  3 2 2 1  2 1 2 1  4! 1
Req probability is 2             are 3Es and one
 10 9 8 7  10 9 8 7  2!2! 30 other letter.

P(4 letters selected contains exactly 2 distinct letters)

1 1 1
=  
30 30 15

Alternative:
Case 1: E E E E '

7
C1 1
Req probability is 10

C4 30

Case 2: EENN or EEGG or NNGG

3
C2  2  1 1
Req probability is 10

C4 30

P(4 letters selected contains exactly 2 distinct letters)

1 1 1
=  
30 30 15

~ End of Paper ~

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2023 Y6 H2 Math Timed Practice: Solutions with comments

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