Page |1

MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY

ACTIVITY SHEET

LEARNING MODULE 08:

LEGAL, ETHICAL AND SOCIETAL ISSUES IN MEDIA AND
INFORMATION PART 1
(INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY)
Name:____________________________________________________________________
Grade & Section:__________________________________Score:________________
Teacher:___________________________________________Date:_________________

Learning Competency
Cite practical situation when to apply knowledge in intellectual
property (MIL11/12IMIL-IIIa-8).

Objective
At the end of the lesson, the students shall have been able to:
Demonstrates understanding of media and information literacy
(MIL) related concepts

Let’s Recall

Recall the following movies, how will you classify the following movies
based on the genre?
Movies Genre
1. Rings
2. Max Steel
3. Jack Reacher
4. Central Intelligence
5. Miracles from Heaven
6. The Old Guard
7. Trolls
8. Birds of Prey
9. Bad Boys
10. Dragonheart

Let’s Understand

Humans continue to survive because of their ability to create or invent

technology furthering the preservation of the species. The
inventiveness of human beings is inarguably due to having a superior intellect.
Humans are able to create because of their ability to think. The inventiveness of
 Page |2

human beings is inarguably due to having a superior intellect. The creation of the
human mind is given so much value to the extent that mechanisms to protect these
creations are put in place. One such mechanism is legal and ethical in nature. We
know of it today as the intellectual property rights.

What is Piracy?
• the unauthorized reproduction or use of a copyrighted book, recording,
television program, patented invention, trademarked product,
etc.(www.dictionary.com/browse/piracy)

What is Intellectual Property?

Intellectual property, or IP, as defined by the World Intellectual Property
Organization (WIPO), is the “creation of the mind, such as inventions, literary and
artistic works, designs and symbols, names, and images used in commerce.” Since
the products of human intellect have a direct influence on human civilization and
on the development of societies, there should be safeguards on intellectual property.

The WIPO is the “global forum for intellectual property

services, policy, information, and cooperation.” In the
Convention Establishing the World Intellectual Property
Organization signed at Stockholm on 14 July 1967 and
amended on 28 September 1979, it has been agreed
among the state signatories that the WIPO will be
“responsible for the promotion and protection of
intellectual property throughout the world through
cooperation among states and, where appropriate, in
collaboration with other international organizations, and for the administration of
various treaties dealing with intellectual property rights.”

The Intellectual Property Law of the Philippines

The Philippines, as a state signatory in the convention
establishing the World Intellectual Property Organization,
is duty-bound to pass a law on intellectual property
protection. Thus, Republic Act 8293, otherwise known as
“The Intellectual Property Code of 1997” was enacted.
According to this piece of legislation, intellectual property rights consist of
 Page |3

1. Copyright and related rights;

2. Trademarks and service marks;
3. Geographic indications;
4. Industrial designs;
5. Patents;
6. Layout-designs (Topographies) of integrated circuits; and
7. Protection of undisclosed information

Types of Intellectual Property

Types of Intellectual Definition

Property
1. Copyright Copyright is a legal term used to describe the rights that
creators have over their literary and artistic works.
Works covered by copyright range from books, music,
paintings, sculpture and films, to computer programs,
databases, advertisements, maps and technical
drawings.

Copyright
Copyright is mainly the protection of one’s expressions which only becomes tangible
and concrete when objects are created as manifestation of these expressions.
• Literary works such as novels, poems, plays, reference works, newspaper
articles
• Computer programs, databases
• Films, musical compositions, and choreographies
• Artistic works such as paintings, drawings, photographs, and sculptures
• Architecture
• Advertisements, maps, and technical drawings

Copyright does not cover “ideas, procedures, methods of operation or mathematical

concepts” because no one person or institution can claim sole ownership of these.
Sufficient authorship must exist for these to be covered by copyright. Even titles,
slogans, or logos may or may not have copyright.

If you are an author of a particular work, you are entitled to two types of rights under
a copyright law. These are the following:

1. Economic rights or the rights of an owner/author to be properly

compensated financially upon his or her permission for the work to be used
by another.
To protect his or her economic rights, an author has the discretion to limit or
prohibit the use of the work in terms of the following:
• Reproduction in various forms, such as printed publication or sound
recording
• Public performance, such as in a play or musical work
• Recording, for example, in the form of compact discs or DVDs
• Broadcasting by radio, cable, or satellite
 Page |4

• Translation into other languages

• Adaptation such as a novel into a film screenplay
2. Moral rights or the rights to non-economic interests of the author. An
author’s moral rights pertain to his “right to claim authorship of a work and
the right to oppose changes to a work that could harm the [his] reputation.

Copyright Protected Works

Under Philippine copyright, both original works and derivative works are protected.
Original works are those that are literary or artistic in nature which include the
following:
• Books, pamphlets, articles, and other writings
• Periodicals and newspapers
• Lectures, sermons, addresses, dissertations prepared for oral delivery,
whether or not reduced in writing or other material form
• Letters
• Dramatic or dramatico-musical compositions; choreographic works or
entertainment in dumb shows
• Musical compositions, with or without words
• Works of drawing, painting, architecture, sculpture, engraving, lithography
or other works of art; models or designs for works of art
• Original ornamental designs or models for articles of manufacture, whether
or not registrable as an industrial design, and other works of applied art
• Illustrations, maps, plans, sketches, charts and three-dimensional works
relative to geography, topography, architecture or science
• Drawings or plastic works of a scientific or technical character
• Photographic works including works produced by a process analogous to
photography; lantern slides
• Audiovisual works and cinematographic works and works produced by a
process analogous to cinematography or any process for making audio-visual
recordings;
• Pictorial illustrations and advertisements
• Computer programs
• Other literary, scholarly, scientific and artistic works

Works Not Protected

There are also works that are not covered by copyright due to insufficient
authorship or due to the work being of importance to public interest.
• Unprotected Subject Matter
• Any idea, procedure, system, method or operation, concept, principle,
discovery or mere data as such, even if they are expressed, explained,
illustrated or embodied in a work
• News of the day and other miscellaneous facts having the character of mere
items of press information
• Any official text of a legislative, administrative or legal nature, as well as any
official translation
• Works of the Government
• Any purpose of statutes, rules and regulations, and speeches, lectures,
sermons, addresses, and dissertations, pronounced, read or rendered in
 Page |5

courts ofjustice, before administrative agencies, in deliberative assemblies

and in meetings of public character. (Sec. 9, first par., P.D. No. 49)

Republic act 8293, Intellectual Property of the Philippines

Copyright Validity Period
SOUND RECORDING 50 years from year recording took place
BROADCAST RECORDING 20 years from date of broadcast
TRADEMARK Valid for 10 years and may be renewed for a
period of 10 years
INVENTION PATENT Valid for 20 years from filing date application
LITERARY WORKS During the lifetime of the author plus 50 years
after death
ART 25 years from the date of creation
PHOTOGRAPHIC WORK 50 years from publication
AUDIO- VISUAL WORK 50 years from publication

Types of Intellectual Definition

Property
2. Patent A patent is an exclusive right granted for an invention.
Generally speaking, a patent provides the patent
owner with the right to decide how - or whether - the
invention can be used by others. In exchange for this
right, the patent owner makes technical information
about the invention publicly available in the
published patent document.
For Example:

Types of Intellectual Definition

Property
3. Trademark • A trademark is a sign capable of distinguishing the
goods or services of one enterprise from those of other
enterprises. Trademarks date back to ancient times
 Page |6

when craftsmen used to put their signature or "mark"

on their products.
• TM means the owner of the mark has common law
rights even though the mark has not been registered
while the ®, on the other hand, is only used for marks
that have been granted registration.

For Example:

Trademark Infringement
• Infringement refers to the violation of a law or a right.
• Infringement is the unauthorized use of a trademark or service mark ( or
substantially similar mark) on competing or related goods and services

For Example:

Types of Intellectual Definition

Property
4. Industrial Design An industrial design constitutes the ornamental
or aesthetic aspect of an article. An industrial
design may consist of three-dimensional features,
such as the shape or surface of an article, or of
two-dimensional features, such as patterns, lines
or color.

An industrial design right protects only the

appearance or aesthetic features of a product,
whereas a patent protects an invention that offers
a new technical solution to a problem. In
 Page |7

principle, an industrial design right does not

protect the technical or functional features of a
product.
5. Geographical Indications Geographical indications and appellations of
and Appellations of Origin origin are signs used on goods that have a specific
geographical origin and possess qualities, a
reputation or characteristics that are essentially
attributable to that place of origin. Most
commonly, a geographical indication includes the
name of the place of origin of the goods.

Let’s Apply

DIRECTIONS: Use the Internet to search for trademark and design

infringement.

Trademark Infringement Source and Description

1.

2.

3.

Design Infringement Source and Description

1.

2.

3.

Let’s Analyze

DIRECTIONS: Multiple Choice. Select the letter of the best answer

for the following questions.

1. To register your original designwork under your name, what is the best thing
to do?
a. proceed to the barangay office
 Page |8

b. proceed to the Intellectual Property Office and register your work under
the patent law
c. proceed to the Intellectual Property Office and register your work under
the copyright law.
d. proceed to the municipal hall and go to the civil registry to let them know
that it is your original work

2. A term that refers to an exclusive right granted for an intervention.

a. copyright c. trademark
b. patent d. industrial design

3. You wanted to use a copyrighted work. What is the best thing to do?.
a. just copy and paste the content that you want to include in your work
b. write a letter to the author of the work that you want to use and seek
permission
c. ask permission from your teacher to use the content of the work.
d. this is not possible because it is copyrighted
4. What would happen if you register your literary work in the Intellectual
Property Office?
a. you will be privileged of owning the work for 10 years
b. you will be privileged of owning the work for 25 years
c. you will be privileged of owning the work in your lifetime
d. no significant benefit at all

5. What would happen if you try to download a copyrighted video from

YouTube?
a. it will be easier to download a good quality of video since it is maintained
by the owner
b. it will be harder to download the video because you need to provide a
password
c. it will not be possible to download it since YouTube will restrict you in
doing so.
d. it will ban your account and you cannot use YouTube anymore

6. What is digital piracy?

a. refers to the criminal activities carried out by means of reproduction of
programs, software, movies, etc.
b. refers to the virtual computer world and more specifically, is an
electronic medium used to form a global computer network to facilitate
online communication
c. integrate all aspects of old media
d. is the generally accepted ways of doing something

7. Failure to give credit to your sources of information is called?

a. copyright c. hegemony
b. plagiarism d. keyword

8. When critically evaluating an information, you should consider all except?

 Page |9

a. sources and references must be cited

b. the credentials of the author
c. the content must be grammatically correct
d. the length of information

9. Why do we cite sources?

a. to avoid plagiarism
b. it is part of my assignment requirements
c. to help connect your readers
d. your teacher told you so.

10. The following are covered by the copyright law except?

a. Works of drawing, painting, architecture, sculpture, engraving,
lithography or other works of art; models or designs for works of art
b. Drawings or plastic works of a scientific or technical character
c. Photographic works including works produced by a process analogous to
photography; lantern slides
d. News of the day and other miscellaneous facts having the character of
mere items of press information

Let’s Evaluate

DIRECTIONS: Answer the questions after watching the video clips.

• UB: Mahigit P100-M halaga ng pirated DVD, nakumpiska sa Quiapo, Manila

(Aug. 2, 2016). GMA News and Public Affairs. YouTube. Retrieved on Oct 5,
2016, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bABC_7wOI5g

• BT: Suspek sa Pamimirata ng mga Pelikula at TV Series, Arestado (Oct. 3,

2016). GMA News and Public Affairs. YouTube. Retrieved on Oct 4, 2016, from
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaALtvPAUnA

Questions:
1. What is the news all about?
2. What Philippine law is being violated?
3. Who is the complainant in this case?

Let’s Create

DIRECTIONS: Do what is being ask in the following to complete

the task about “Protecting the Artist’s Copyright”

1. Create a group with 3 members. Your group’s task is to compose a short rap that
promotes anti-plagiarism with the following mechanics:
 P a g e | 10

• The message encourages the youth to fight plagiarism of works, such as

photography, artistic visual designs, academic works, and others. The
message should also inspire youth to create their own original work.
• The melody may be adapted from a local or foreign music, but the lyrics must
be original.
• The rap may last for 30 seconds to 2 minutes.
2. You may use the quotation below as springboard for your discussion on copyright
infringement: “The students are so blinded and jaded by the concept of stealing.
They burn CD's off the Internet, each other's CD's, etc. They see nothing wrong with
this and they do not see anything wrong with taking other people's words.” (Snyder,
N. Garber, G. & Dobbs, A., 2006).
3. Record your rap using a recording device like your cellphone and present it to the
class.
4. You may research for samples of protest raps online.

References:
 Media and Information Literacy Curriculum Guide by DepEd
 Cheeno Marlo M. Sayuno, DIWA, Senior High School Series:Median and
Information Literacy (Second Edition) e-Module, 2019
 Media and Information Literacy by Boots C. Liquigan, Diwa Learning Systems
Inc.
 Mundy, Paul and Compton , J. Lin (1991). Indigenous Communication and
Indigenous Knowledge. Development Communication Report 74,
1991/3. Clearinghouse on Development Communication, Arlington, VA.
• http://www.wipo.int/about-ip/en/
• http://www.slideshare.net/DaeBogan/music-publishing-copyright-
administration-in-the-internet-age
• http://fairuse.stanford.edu/overview/fair-use/what-is-fair-use/
• https://creativecommons.org/about/
• http://www.gcflearnfree.org/print/blogbasics/copyright-and-fair-
use?playlist=Blog_Basics