e-ISSN: 2582-5208

International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science

( Peer-Reviewed, Open Access, Fully Refereed International Journal )
Volume:05/Issue:04/April-2023 Impact Factor- 7.868 www.irjmets.com

WEATHER FORECASTING SYSTEM

Tejas Kashale*1, Piyush Sapakal*2, Soham Garud*3, Suvarna Nimkarde*4
*1,2,3,4Student, Bharti Vidyapeeth Institute Of Technology, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
ABSTRACT
Weather forecasting is the application of science and technology to predict the state of the atmosphere for a
given location. Ancient weather forecasting methods usually relied on observed patterns of events, also
termed pattern recognition. For example, it might be observed that if the sunset was particularly red, the
following day often brought fair weather. However, not all of these predictions prove reliable. Here this
system will predict weather based on parameters such as temperature, humidity and wind. User will enter
current temperature; humidity and wind, System will take this parameter and will predict weather(rainfall in
inches)from previous data in database (dataset). The role of the admin is to add previous weather data in
database, so that system will calculate weather(estimated rainfall in inches) based on these data. Weather
forecasting system takes parameters such as temperature, humidity, and wind and will forecast weather based
on previous record therefore this prediction will prove reliable. This system can be used in AirTraffic, Marine,
Agriculture, Forestry, Military, and Navy etc.
I. INTRODUCTION
Weather simply refers to the condition of air on the earth at a given place and time. It is a continuous, data-
intensive, multidimensional, dynamic and chaotic process. These properties make weather forecasting is a
formidable challenge. Forecasting is the process of estimation in unknown situations from the historical data.
Weather forecasting is one of the most scientifically and technologically challenging problems around the world
in the last century. To make an accurate prediction is indeed, one of the major challenges that meteorologists
are facing all over the world. Since ancient times, weather prediction has been one of the most interesting and
fascinating domains. Scientists have tried to forecast meteorological characteristics using a number of methods,
some of these methods being more accurate than others.
Weather forecasting entails predicting how the present state of the atmosphere will change. Present weather
conditions are obtained by ground observations, observations from ships, observation from aircraft, radio
sounds, doppler radar and satellites. This information is sent to meteorological centers where the data are
collected, analyzed and made into a variety of charts, maps and graphs. Modern high-speed computers transfer
the many thousands of observations onto surface and upper-air maps. Weather forecasts provide critical
information about future weather.
II. LITERATURE SURVEY
There are many research papers that have been published related to predicting the weather. A paper was
published on ‘The Weather Forecast Using Data Mining Research Based on Cloud Computing’ This paper
proposes a modern method to develop a service oriented architecture for the weather information systems
which forecast weather using these data mining techniques. This can be carried out by using Artificial Neural
Network and Decision tree Algorithms and meteorological data collected in Specific time. Algorithm has
presented the best res ults to generate classification rules for the mean weather variables. The results showed
that these data mining techniques can be enough for weather forecasting. Another paper was published on
‘Analysis on The Weather Forecasting and Techniques’ where they decided that artificial neural network and
concept of fuzzy logic provides a best solution and prediction comparatively . They decided to take
temperature, humidity, pressure, wind and various other attributes into consideration. Another research paper
titled ‘Issues with weather prediction’ discussed the major problems with weather prediction. Even the
simplest weather prediction is not perfect. The one-day forecast typically falls within two degrees of the actual
temperature. Although this accuracy isn’t bad, as predictions are made for further in time. For example, in a
place like New England where temperatures have a great variance the temperature prediction are more
inaccurate than a place like the tropics. Another research paper titled ‘Current weather prediction’ used
numerical methods to stimulate what is most likely going to happen based on known state of the atmosphere.
For example, if a forecaster is looking at three different numerical models, and two model predict that a storm

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 e-ISSN: 2582-5208
International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science
( Peer-Reviewed, Open Access, Fully Refereed International Journal )
Volume:05/Issue:04/April-2023 Impact Factor- 7.868 www.irjmets.com
is going to hit a certain place, the forecaster would most likely predict that the storm is going to hit the area.
These numerical models work well and are being tweaked all the time, but they still have errors because some
of the equations used by the models aren’t precise. The application of science and technology that predicts the
state of atmosphere at any given particular time period is known as Weather forecasting. There is a many
different methods to weather forecast. Weather forecast notices are important because they can be used to
prevent destruction of life and environment. The weather forecasting methods used in the ancient time usually
implied pattern recognition i.e., they usually rely on observing patterns of events. For example, it is found that
the following day has brought fair weather; if the preceding day sunset is particularly red. However, all of the
predictions prove not to be reliable. Firstly, the data is trained. For training the data, we will take 15-20% of the
data from the data set. For this prediction, we’ll be using Linear regression algorithm and Naïve Bayesian
classification algorithm. For the project, we’ll be using python, NumPy, Jupiter Notebook, Spyder, Panda. The
project is split into three separate Jupiter Notebooks: one to collect the weather data, inspect it, and clean it; a
second to further refine the features and fit the data to a Linear Regression model and Naïve Bayesian model
and a third to train and evaluate our output. The project simply uses temperature, dew, pressure and humidity
for training the data. Here these data are then trained using Linear Regression for the prediction. The Naive
Bayes algorithm is comprised of two words Naïve and Bayes, Which can be described as: Naive: It is called
Naïve because it assumes that the occurrence of a certain feature is independent of the occurrence of other
features. Such as if the fruit is identified on the bases of color, shape, and taste, then red, spherical, and sweet
fruit is recognized as an apple. Hence each feature individually contributes to identify that it is an apple without
depending on each other. Bayes: It is called Bayes because it depends on the principle of Bayes' theorem Linear
regression is one of the easiest and most popular Machine Learning algorithms. It is a statistical method that is
used for predictive analysis. Linear regression makes predictions for continuous/real or numeric variables such
as sales, salary, age, product price, etc.
III. RESULT ANALYSIS
When starting up the application it greets the user by saying “Loading current location and gives weather
condition according to it. These three are the references images of our application which show the working of it
and it also has search bar, rader etc option which helps us to know current weather condition of other cities,
states and country.

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 e-ISSN: 2582-5208
International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science
( Peer-Reviewed, Open Access, Fully Refereed International Journal )
Volume:05/Issue:04/April-2023 Impact Factor- 7.868 www.irjmets.com

STEPS TO USE WEATHER FORECASTING APP.

1. Open the android studio code on desktop.
2. Enter the emulator run and debug.
3. Then emulator will launch the app.
4. then you can check current weather and other cities. states, and countries weather with help of search bar
on app.
Features
1. We can see next to correct weather forecast in the application.
2. The application is easy to use .
3. The application also has the search bar to see other
a. Cities
b. States
c. Country
IV. MERITS
Simple and interactive GUI: System facilitates simple and interactive Graphical User Interface for the user
while handling the system.
Easy to use and operate: Easy to operate and use for android users.
Fast and responsive: lag and fast responsive application if you have system required ram and other
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 e-ISSN: 2582-5208
International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science
( Peer-Reviewed, Open Access, Fully Refereed International Journal )
Volume:05/Issue:04/April-2023 Impact Factor- 7.868 www.irjmets.com
requirements.
V. CONCLUSION
This research suggests and proposes an efficient and accurate weather prediction and forecasting model using
linear regression concept. This concept is a part of machine learning. It is a very efficient weather prediction
model and using the entities temperature, humidity and pressure, it can be used to make reliable weather
predictions. This model also facilitates decision making in day to day life. It can yield even better results when
applied to cleaner and larger datasets. Pre-processing of the datasets is effective in the prediction as
unprocessed data can also affect the efficiency of the model.
VI. FUTURE SCOPE
Scope of Weather Prediction :-
• Our system will only provide weather prediction of limited cities, states and country only.
• Prediction will be done based on historical weather activities like based on past temperature, wind, etc.
pattern what will be the future weather.
Future Enhancement
• Mobile and IOS application Integration.
• Addition of new cities weather dataset to predict there future weather also.
• Addition of new Indices.
• Animation like snow and functions like notifications can also be added.
VII. REFERENCES
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weather radar measurements[D]", Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 2015.
[2] García-Heras Javier et al., "Robust flight planning impact assessment considering convective
phenomena[J]", Transportation Research Part C, pp. 123, 2021.
[3] K. Liechti, L. Panziera and U Germann, "Flash-flood early warning using weather radar data: from now
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1331, 2013.
[4] P. Lavant and J. Kolaika, "Dynamic Pluvial Flash Flooding Hazard Forecast Using Weather Radar
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[5] Sushmitha Kothapalli and SG Togad, "A Real-Time Weather Forecasting and Analysis", IEEE
International Conference on Power Control Signals and Instrumentation Engineering (ICPCSI-2017).
[6] Ashish Chandan, Avinash Kumar, Rishab Kumar Bucha and Shree Harshavardhana, "Weather
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analysis using Thingspeak", International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics, vol. 120, no. 6, pp.
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[8] Yashaswi Rahut, Rimsha Afreen and Divya Kamini, "Smart Weather monitoring an real time alert
system using IoT", IRJET, vol. 5, no. 10, Oct 2018
[9] D. R. Kumar, T. A. Krishna and A. Wahi, "Health Monitoring Framework for in Time Recognition of
Pulmonary Embolism Using Internet of Things", Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience,
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[10] Pranjali U. Wankhede and Amit Pimpalkar, "Design and Implementation of a Weather Forecasting
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