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    Indan Geography Upsc 5

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    prdp
    The document discusses the Eastern Hills and Mountains region of India which includes mountain ranges like the Patkai Hills, Naga Hills, and Manipur Hills. It then describes the Northern Plains region in detail, dividing it into the Punjab Plains, Ganga Plains, and Brahmaputra Plains. It further divides the Northern Plains into four regions - Bhabar, Terai, Bhangar, and Khadar based on geographic features.

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    Indan Geography Upsc 5

    Uploaded by

    prdp
    12 views2 pages
    The document discusses the Eastern Hills and Mountains region of India which includes mountain ranges like the Patkai Hills, Naga Hills, and Manipur Hills. It then describes the Northern Plains region in detail, dividing it into the Punjab Plains, Ganga Plains, and Brahmaputra Plains. It further divides the Northern Plains into four regions - Bhabar, Terai, Bhangar, and Khadar based on geographic features.

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    Indian Geography Physical

    Original Title

    IndanGeographyUpsc5

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    The document discusses the Eastern Hills and Mountains region of India which includes mountain ranges like the Patkai Hills, Naga Hills, and Manipur Hills. It then describes the Northern Plains region in detail, dividing it into the Punjab Plains, Ganga Plains, and Brahmaputra Plains. It further divides the Northern Plains into four regions - Bhabar, Terai, Bhangar, and Khadar based on geographic features.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    12 views2 pages

    Indan Geography Upsc 5

    Uploaded by

    prdp
    The document discusses the Eastern Hills and Mountains region of India which includes mountain ranges like the Patkai Hills, Naga Hills, and Manipur Hills. It then describes the Northern Plains region in detail, dividing it into the Punjab Plains, Ganga Plains, and Brahmaputra Plains. It further divides the Northern Plains into four regions - Bhabar, Terai, Bhangar, and Khadar based on geographic features.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 2

    e) The Eastern Hills and Mountains

     Beyond the Dihang gorge, the Himalayas bend sharply to the south and spread along the
    eastern boundary of India. They are known as the Purvanchal or the eastern hills and
    mountains. These hills running through the northeastern states are mostly composed of
    strong sandstones, which are sedimentary rocks. Covered with dense forests, they
    mostly run as parallel ranges and valleys.
     Purvanchal comprises the Patkai hills (Arunachal Pradesh), the Naga hills (Nagaland),
    the Manipur hills and the Mizo or Lushai Hills.
    Image Source:- NCERT

    The Northern Plains

     The Great Plains of India lie south to the Shiwalik and represent a transitional zone
    between the Himalayas of the north and Peninsular India of the south. It is formed by the
    alluvial deposits of the Indus, Ganga, Brahmaputra and their tributaries. It spreads over
    an area of 7 lakh sq. km. The Northern Plains are about 2400 km long and 240 – 320 km
    broad. With a rich soil cover combined with an adequate water supply and favourable
    climate, it is an agriculturally productive part of India.
     Northern India is broadly divided into three sections:

    a. The Punjab Plains – The western part of the Northern Plains is referred to as the Punjab
    Plains. It is formed by the Indus and its tributaries; the larger part of this plain lies in
    Pakistan.
    b. The Ganga Plains – It extends between the Ghaggar and Teesta rivers. It is spread over
    the states of Haryana, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, partly Jharkhand and West Bengal to
    its east.
    c. The Brahmaputra Plains – It lies mainly in Assam.

     According to the variation in relief features, the northern plains can be divided into four
    regions – Bhabar, Terai, Bhangar and Khadar

    a. Bhabar – The rivers after descending from the mountains deposit pebbles in a narrow
    belt of about 8 to 16 km in width lying south to the slopes of Shiwaliks and is known as
    Bhabar. Due to the high porosity of this region, all the streams disappear in this Bhabar
    belt.
    b. Terai – To the south of the Bhabar is the Terai belt with an approximate width of 10 – 20
    km where most of the streams and rivers re-emerge without having any properly
    demarcated channel, thereby creating marshy and swampy conditions known as the
    Terai. This region has a luxurious growth of natural vegetation and houses varied wildlife.
    c. Bhangar – It is the largest part of the northern plains and is formed of older alluvium. It
    lies above the floodplains of the rivers and presents a terrace-like feature. The soil in this
    region contains calcareous deposits, locally known as Kankar.
    d. Khadar – The newer, younger deposits of the flood plains are called Khadar. Tracts are
    enriched by fresh deposits of silt every year during the rainy season. This fertile region is
    ideal for intensive agriculture.

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