Nos.

zlustate itl a ndmple the update _avowake d aar

ansolL

Constler ENÝ DEPT nlaton.

EMP DE PT

EMP_DEPT
Ename Bdate Addiss
Sita,Jol B (23uS6139 165-o1 131 foucheu, tbusto, x
WougBlauki.T. 3334us 14S-2.08| 63 loss, tousto,+X Pesesell 3374S
Altcia J.q44827 468-0-143321 Gastle i q, ÎX
997654 44-06-20 29 Beoy, BelMlaine TX L |Ad wiu C7454

Bci, la wes E. 882665 437-11-0 Lso Stoe ousto,TX

Tue vasious undate anovmalles unou nchuali zed database (D8) can
be dasited fto
o Lngostiu auealies :

To iucegt a me
eith ea al tte atibute values fa the dept ¿tat tae

To insetanea tuple fon au cuaplopee oking n dept no S,e

ett ade atstbute valees d degfs conststet it valaes
Sepasoe DEPARTMENT telah on e doud have to
oAls ahed misistenc aoblem as attbute vales oo degt 5
Aecosded
5
 Nos.
Nos.

no desiqn'
Ifediicut to insest &nas depatsed that has
ia ENP DEPT 7elato Cne koay to do tthc tue athibete vaus stohed in aue tue aelaion.
tispete athibuts GUIPEUNE : Dsi qu a slation sdhema so taad it is casy to explai
is dace mul alues i
an
|aud Aclateiadip kper ido asige ndakes.
eungst kts- nd a degstesposateeatteDE PART ME\T Adatio
Taie peble dos nt acus in
sheta o not
a5 te dat can be euted
GulDE LINE 2: Decign the base shelaticn Schemas so Rhat no insetian,

auemakes ose preseat hcte tem deosly aud rate

Suse tat tae picpas hat ugdate te detabate sil cRale
det is lest o
he database
de shoted ezasatel,
in aDERARIMENT ia0ahio
in tiese tuples. Tkis oastes spaco af ska oqe ler el
GUIDELINE 3: As tas as pessibe aod placi atsibetes in a
base relato cse valaec na. be nul re
davge nllk ase uMavedable, nake se' Hhat Req apy i eacephias
Caces culy and do not agply to a
incaMsistet

These oloke auoaks se hod as IHlede th iy Gensatan Spuaios Lgles: Spuiou. kpla ase geaiatid
steaqe sqace d kgical lad, sed be bag decomgoed telaters ae MATURA LLY JoINED. pwieus
tpls sepheseut otOn intohmata Hot s ndd valid.
GUIDELINE 4: Desian telaten schemas so tat aey cau be foied
voth equakty diuc oy on athibuatee toat ae eikes pinaS y
fheiqu keys in a koay that guataee tlat no spsi
plk aae aexated
6 7
 Nos.
Nos.
Secaud Nehwal fenem
typs nbiaual fo
3. Defne Ni nahakn Exphn dfe phivealy key
SsbNosmaliaken is a mocess daualyzisg tle giveu aatien suhewec EMP PRoj
Ex:NPNUMBEeHouRSENAME PARMEPLoCAd CN
basad on ten kenctieual dependenrs aud phinass kys fD)

adiae to desieahle pkcpcais FD2

Mininiziag tedurdants aud
Minimizd the incertio, deleton and update anowales
FD3

ANP NORMAtreATrot
EP3
INE i detned bo disallos wultialaed atsibuks, capesite EPI
SSNPNOMBERHouRS
EP2
SSNENAME PNoMBEgPNAME PLoCATON
athibutesaud tueih cobiuation FD2 FD3
INE catec taat he dowan an ataibute must inelude FDL

ony atoaic (slede dhisble) aluet.

DE PARTMENT
Ek: Dname Daueba Dmgssu Dlocatiou
Cn the

DEPA2TNENT dnevea a routivial funchonal d andaey x t ket holds

Duae Duunbe Dgn scu Docotas in R, eith es a) X is a
Receased 5 3334\SssS Bellatae, Suqsland, toucta paiwnéabute R
tduistnotoa 4876SU32)
{Safoxd? Eç: EMP_DEPT
tzadquatas 9g66SSsS { Houston?
ENAME SSN BDATEADDRESSDNUMBER DNAME DMGRSSN|
Above nelaion ie ot iu (NF Clocaboss is ot au aome
atsibute
INF ndmalization t te aboue helatnis done as 3NF oRMALI24TIOJ

DEPT_ LOCAT(ONS ED2

Danba Dzata 1.e hemoving Dloation aud ENAME SsNBDATElAoREss DUUMBE R DNUMREpDNMEDMGRsSN
ptig it in a ne eaion
DEPT_ LOCATIDNS
8 9
 Nos.
Nos.

a
i Boyco- Codd Noswal toi in BCNE Haenevet nothivi al
Aaolata schena k
a
apakry
LOTSI A Ex: SUPPLY
Ex: Past-name Proi-na me
PAOPeatfo Gunty Name Lot # Ahea Sname
Smit Bolt
FDI
Sith Nut
FD2
Bolt
FD3
altou Net Proj2
BCNF Nbhuaizato kdauakg Nail Phojk
Adawsky Bolt ProjH
LorRIAX LoTs t'AY Sith Bot ProjY
PAOportu id AenLot + Ahea County.Name
R
Sname|Phonaue Pro-name
'A 2eato dhenaRin L;NF H es pect to a set Snane Pat na Postnonal
BoH
Suith Bolt Projx
Smith Ned Nat
Bolt PhojY
a Adody Nt
Walton Nat hoj2
Nail
Ex : EM Acanaty
Enae name Dname LMP_PRoTECTS
Eva mel Prae an tkample hoLo maultivalusd depend.enz ad
L Dauostsate lth oAe
Smit. Avma Smith X handled bu n¡Nmaizati o
Smitt X Ana Snith Aelatioual dadabase sustws
Smitk tdonmaliaton
EMP DEPENDENTS Son. Mulialued bpaudencq aud uNE
Enane Duame ialaed depeodancy X-aY specikeo Aelatoa ceena
On

Joi Ruhee Xaud y ase both subek t B, eeiftes the

anod
Auna
10 11
 2
SNE 13thau statctes
pAcopse tobe Locs BCNFRouud Sln.t RiR,.k deronegesitia
uto ronoddtiejin ahae soutd
Rstater
d leqal evey tat states iaustiatt he R. h
shtos the tonstsaist spife
a thes R,
sd.coa aelaton
&datto
Cadd eyco- and FNenmal
ot Thind betoceu Disinquisk 5 Specifted denced (D),dependenc ja A
R
ProjX Adansty kdand
Nat Nar
Pioj2. Nu Waton Nat Aaltou Anna Shitta Smith
Paojy Be Phefy Adamdey toH Snith
Pri N Shit Nt Snith Duame EnQme
PhojX et PrcjX Suitk Bolt Smaith DEPENDE
TSN tM
i-ham Pname name PAQ Shame
R,,Pa, elations 5NF to
SUPPLY selat the b) Prwe Eame
Aat
tel Adawcky
Nail
JD(R,
R) e Nut
tpudey
Nal
S0PLV (1)
 Nos.

Acbta slenaReBCNË Ildonevera_neufe..

check ehes E audf_aie equivaleat

A ABC
LorSIA
Considlex te kelak sene
LoTSA
Atea tese alenmEuts ase pheseud ia sed d FDs E.
Acraty ideutyame Let
FD
FD2
At A3C
violahion BCNF
FD3 ARer’ auwname is Bt- BC

The elatien sd.ee LoTSI Acll is in 3NE because ounty Namo ote pAes eut FcouasE
i s a i e ataibute.
omly diftea ence bluo He detiutins BcNE and 3NF Since F e E bot Coveg eacl taes
tHat 3uE alous A to he patneid is obset Aom BcNF. tene F and E ase equivale t.
Ja he ahove oana. FD? viclates BcNF n LOTSI A because
LorsIA
Nole thot FD! Catctes NE LOTSIA becaus e CountyNane helation RABcDE.E). Givea F a cACD, EAD,
Aiue atkibute but Hiis condtion dues hot er}t
ase equivalet
not
algottam to dettuice He Closuge udehE
Sotn. Closu8e t t Closue d G
x*:=X A ACD
epeat AcT ACD Et = ADF
oldxt x*; E: EADFC

xy taen xti= X*UZ;

F=6t. F aud G ale equvalet
15
Nos.

E,

Sl F:=E

then kunctcna dependtencits XA’A,.X

foa eael. atatbute B at o au elemeat X

theu heplaeXA voith (y -{B)A
Auuctiud deptndes
theu Qemove XA om F.

b) Constde the beloo suÇn ged d FD E aud find t.e

oit seo bs slep Phoceduse
the minwo)
E:BA,pA, ABD

ahd cau 28oceed to Step i

L. Steo i Oe needto doesiue AB-D has Qng hedundaut
Sne BA b agnme udhg coitB on bet sdes tR2), e q
B8~AB,of BAg6). AB-ß)
By
Bu thanstie Aue(CRr)
TR3) eqet B0. Hence AB’D
qet BD. may
b
Nouo v havo a ce E'BA, DA,BDNa fata seduto
the et aud sde
L Step ij. voe look oh a hedvdaud FD in E. B usy
BDad D
thansirtve aude ou
delive B4. He nce RA t aed daud
be cliiaed.
tonce, the mim cove o E16 is BD,DA3.