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Practical 10

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9 views2 pages

Practical 10

Uploaded by

Harshada Bokan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Experiment no.

:- 10
Aim :- Analyze quality of life in USA using PCA
Theory:-

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) can be used to analyze the quality of life in the USA by examining various
indicators such as income, education level, healthcare access, crime rate, etc. Here's a general outline of how
you can perform PCA in MATLAB:
.
Data Collection:
.
 You need to gather data on various quality of life indicators for different regions or states in the
USA. This data can be obtained from sources such as government agencies, research institutions, or
reputable databases.
 Examples of quality of life indicators include GDP per capita, education attainment (e.g.,
percentage of population with high school diploma, college degree), healthcare access (e.g., number of
hospitals per capita, percentage of population with health insurance), crime rates (e.g., number of
crimes per capita, crime clearance rates), unemployment rates, poverty rates, etc.
 Ensure that the data covers a significant timeframe and is representative of the regions or
states you are interested in analyzing.
.
Data Preprocessing:
.
 Clean the data by handling missing values, outliers, and inconsistencies. Missing values can be
imputed using methods such as mean imputation, median imputation, or regression imputation.
 Normalize the data to ensure that all variables are on a similar scale. This is important because
PCA is sensitive to the scale of the variables. Common normalization techniques include z-score
normalization (subtracting the mean and dividing by the standard deviation) or min-max normalization
(scaling the data to a fixed range).
 Remove any outliers that may skew the results of the analysis. Outliers can be detected using
statistical methods such as z-scores or boxplots.
.
PCA Implementation:
.
 Once the data is preprocessed, use MATLAB's built-in functions for PCA. The pca function in
MATLAB can compute the principal components of your dataset.
 Provide the preprocessed data as input to the pca function and specify any additional
parameters, such as the number of principal components to compute.
 The pca function returns the principal components (eigenvectors), the transformed data
(scores), the eigenvalues, and the percentage of variance explained by each principal component.
.
Interpretation:
.
 Analyze the results of PCA to understand which variables contribute most to the variance in
quality of life across different regions or states in the USA.
 Examine the loadings of each principal component to see which variables have the most
influence on each component. Loadings represent the correlation between the original variables and
the principal components.
 Plot the eigenvalues or the percentage of variance explained by each principal component to
determine how many components are necessary to capture most of the variation in the data.
 Interpret the principal components in terms of the original variables to gain insights into the
underlying structure of the data and the factors driving quality of life differences across regions or
states.

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