Presentation on,
“E-Bike Speed Controller”
Introduction
• Electric motors are the driving force behind electric vehicles (EVs), and their significance is multifaceted.
These motors are not just a means of propulsion; they are at the core of what makes EVs cleaner and more
efficient than their internal combustion engine counterparts. First and foremost, electric motors deliver a level
of efficiency that is unparalleled, converting a substantial portion of electrical energy into forward motion
while minimizing energy wastage.
• This efficiency translates into a reduced environmental footprint, with EVs producing zero tailpipe emissions,
leading to cleaner air and a healthier environment. Moreover, the regenerative braking capabilities of these
motors enable the conversion of kinetic energy into electricity during deceleration, thereby extending the
vehicle's range and maximizing energy use.
• Overall, electric motors are pivotal in reducing our dependence on fossil fuels, cutting operating costs, and
advancing the cause of global sustainability by ushering in a new era of cleaner and more efficient
transportation. To drive the motors efficiently and in more control manner, motor speed controller is
important.
Problem Statements
• For electric vehicles, a motor speed controller is essential to optimize energy usage, improve
performance, enhance safety, and prolong the life of critical components like the battery. Its role
in managing power delivery and fine-tuning speed control is integral to the overall efficiency and
functionality of electric vehicles.
Objectives
To drive the motors efficiently and in more control manner, motor speed controller is important. In
this project, an cost effective motor speed controller will be designed for 12V, 60 watt DC motor. Major
design objectives of project are as follow:
• Change the speed of motor as per the throttle position.
• Measure the RPM of wheel and calculate the speed.
• Show the actual speed on LCD display
Block Diagram
Throttle 16x2 LCD
Arduino
Nano
Speed Sensor
DC power
Source
Motor Driver DC Motor
COMPONENTS
• Throttle Arduino I.R Sensor
COMPONENTS
Circuit Diagram:
Simulation Result:
MATERIAL
COSTING
Sr.No. COMPONENT NOBs PRICE/PC TOTAL
1 Arduino nano board 1 320 320
2 DC Motor 12v 1 140 140
3 IR sensor 1 80 80
4 IRFZ44N MOSFET 1 55 55
5 16*2 LCD Module 1 160 160
6 12v Adapter 1 120 120
7 Throttle module 1 310 310
8 LEDs 2 4 8
9 Buzer 1 18 18
10 Wires 40 4 160
11 Other 1 500 500
TOTAL 1871
Results
Analog output of throttle is in the range of 2.7V to 4.9V. This
output voltage is mapped into speed of 0 to 1000 RPM. To
generate these RPM, PWM output of Arduino ranges from 0 to
255. Obtained results of the system are as bellow:
• Since the starting torque of DC motor is considerable, it
does not start to rotate on low PWM (low speed) and takes
time and power to generate sufficient torque.
• Here if the set speed crosses 100RPM and motor does not
start to rotate, an overload indication and alert will be
provided. Whereas when motor gain sufficient torque and
start to match the set speed, the indication will be
automatically off as shown in figure
Results
• When motor unable to rotate due to any reason like overweight
or slope on the road and faces overload, on overload indication
will be provided.
• If due to short circuit or overload or fault in wiring, if voltage
across supply drops bellow 12V, alert for fault detection is
generated and Arduino automatically stop the motor supply till
the fault removed
Advantages
• Variable Speed Control: Riders can adjust speed as needed.
• Extended Range: Efficient power management increases distance per charge.
• Enhanced Safety: Speed limits improve rider safety.
• Battery Efficiency: Prevents excessive power draw, preserving the battery.
• Customizable Experience: Tailor the ride to personal preferences.
Application
• For bikes
• For cars
• For electric bicycles.
• E.V Trucks
• Battery Power Systems (Need Modified System)
Conclusion
• In this project, we studied about different EVs and its speed control methods, required
components. By combining all the study we did, we have chosen components for designing
of cost effective speed controller for E bikes. Speed of E bikes can be easily adjusted using
throttle and speed controller designed. Similarly it will help to detect faults and help to
increase the life bike motor and battery by providing alert.
Future Scope
• Though the project sounds effective there is still scope to make it more effective
and user friendly. The throttle used here is the conventional speed regulator.
With this, voice commands or gestures can be added to provide user more
comfortable experience.
THANK YOU!
