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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
90 views126 pages

Se Handbook IV Sems

Uploaded by

Chinmay Kulkarni
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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RMD SINHGAD SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING

(RMDSSOE),Warje, Pune-58.
NAAC accredited with "A" grade

SEMSTER-II

Academic Year 2023-24


VISION AND MISSION

Sinhgad Technical Education Society’s


RMD SINHGAD TECHNICAL INSTITUTES CAMPUS
RMD SINHGAD SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING
Approved by AICTE, New Delhi, Recognized by Government ofMaharashtra,
affiliated by S.P. Pune University

VISION

We are committed to produce good human beings along


with good Engineers.

MISSION

Holistic development of students and teachers is what we


believe in and work for. We strive to achieve this by
imbibing a unique value system, transparent workculture,
excellent academic and physical environment conducive
to learning, creativity and technology transfer. Our
mandate is to generate, preserve and share knowledge for
developing a vibrant society.
SALIENT FEATURES

❖ Strength
● Affiliation to Savitribai Phule Pune University.
● Good academic performance.
● Experienced and qualified faculty and their retention.
● Transparent, conducive and collaborative work environment. Innovative teaching-learning
practices.
● Sprawling 10 acre campus and infrastructure.
● Well-equipped library with adequate collection of books and e-resources.
● Effective implementation of VAPs, and STPs.
● Good placement record.
● Teacher guardian scheme.
● Promoting staff to do Ph. D. Industry Institute Interaction Cell.
● Under the aggies of the society which offers quality education for the past 24 years.
● Accessible location.

❖ Opportunities
● There is scope for an inter-disciplinary and collaborative research.
● To become centre of excellence in renewable energy and Wireless Sensor Networks.
● Development of e-learning resources.
● Networking and strengthening relationship with stakeholders.
● Induction of faculty with Ph.D qualification. Proximity to IT & Automobile industry hub for
networking and partnership.

❖ Challenges
● Increasing the number of placements with higher perks.
● Bridging the gap between academia and industry.
● Attract meritorious students.

❖ Future Plan
● Industrial based research project for UG/PG/Ph.D.
● Employment oriented certification courses; considering industrial requirement.
● Enhancement in Training & Placement activities.
● Industrial training to students and faculties.
● Need based courses in association with industry and institutes.
● Innovative Research, Publications and Patents
● Upgrading laboratory facilities to promote research.
Sinhgad Technical Education Society's
RMD Sinhgad School of Engineering, Warje, Pune-58
Department of Electronics & Telecommunication Engg

DEPARTMENTAL ACADEMIC COMMITTE

Sr. Name of the


Designation / Responsibility
No. Committee

1 Dr. V.V. Dixit Principal / Director

2 Mr. S. S. Mulik Dean Academics

3 Mrs. Varsha Kshirsagar H.O.D., E&TC. Engg.

Research Coordinator
4 Mrs. D. A. Newaskar
(ARC)

Academic Coordinator [UG]


5 Mrs. J. A. Sangogi
E&TC. Engg.

6 Dr. N. D. Dhole Project Coordinator

Mrs. I/c Exam-Section,


7 Mr. B.Suchitra
S. Gayal Jagtap
E&TC Engg.

Mrs. Shilpa I/c Time Table,


8 Ms. R. A. Patil
Dhanorkar E&TC Engg.

I/c Academic Handbook


9 Mrs. J. A. Sangogi
E&TC Engg.
INDEX

Sr.
Name of Contents
No.
01 University Syllabus Structure

02 Academic Calender-2023-24(Sem II)

03 Internal Assessment Norms

04 Internal Examination Time-Table

05 List of Roll Nos.

06 Class Time Table

07 Detail List of Faculty Members

08 List of Class Teachers & Teacher Guardian

09 List of I/C Laboratory

10 S.E. [E&TC] Subject-wise

a. University Syllabus

b. Teaching Plan

c. Unit-wise Question Bank

d. Question Papers:

Unit Test-I

Unit Test-II

Prelim Exam

e Previous Year University Question Papers(Separate


Booklet Prepared)
Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune SE (E&TC/Electronics Engineering) 2019
Sinhgad Technical Education Society
RMD SINHGAD TECHNICAL INSTITUTES CAMPUS
(Approved by AICTE & Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune)
SECOND YEAR ENGG. (SE) INTERNAL EXAMINATION TIME-TABLE [A.Y. 2023-24 (SEMESTER-I)]
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS &
TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
LIST OF FACULTY MEMBERS

Sr. Designation Contact Details


No. Name of Faculty
Mail Mobile No.
Id
HOD/
1 Mrs. Varsha Kshirsagar Asst.Prof [email protected] 9767698936

2 Mrs. Deepali Newaskar Asst. Prof [email protected] 9881438214

3 Mrs. Nandini Dhole Asst. Prof. [email protected] 9922772243

4 Mrs. Jyoti Sangogi Asst. Prof. [email protected] 8983509989

5 Ms. Rupali Patil Asst. Prof. [email protected] 9822625305

6 Mrs. Varsha Nanaware Asst. Prof [email protected] 9011608899

7 Mr. Baliram Gayal Asst. Prof. [email protected] 7020921075

8 Mrs. Shilpa R. Dhanorkar Asst. Prof. [email protected] 8390179118

9 Asst. Prof. [email protected] 9552549221


Mrs. Suchitra Jagtap

10 Asst. Prof. [email protected] 9975398975


Ms. Bhavna Pawar

11 Asst. Prof. [email protected] 9545978980


Mrs. Ashwini Barkade
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS &
TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

CLASS TEACHERS SEM I [A.Y. 2023-24]

Name of Class
Class Teacher Mobile No. E-mail id

S.E Ms. Rupali Patil 9822625305 [email protected]

T. E Mrs. Varsha Nanaware 9011608899 [email protected]

B.E. Ms. Bhavana Pawar 9975398975 [email protected]

TEACHER GUARDIAN FACULTY MEMBERS SEM II [A.Y. 2022-23]

Class Batch Name of Teacher / Mobile No. E-mail


Guardian
S1 Ms. Rupali Patil 9822625305 [email protected]
SE
S2 Mrs. Deepali Newaskar 9881438214 [email protected]

S3 Mrs. Shilpa Dhanorkar 8390179118 [email protected]

T1 Mrs. Varsha Nanavare 9011608899 [email protected]


TE
T2 Mrs. Ashwini Barkade 9545978980 [email protected]

T3 Ms. Shivai Aher 9766818490 [email protected]

T4 Mrs. Jyoti Sangogi 8983509989 [email protected]


B1 Ms. Bhavna Pawar 9975398975 [email protected]
BE

B2 Mr. Baliram Gayal 7020921075 [email protected]

B3 Mrs. Suchitra Jagtap 9552549221 [email protected]


DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS &
TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

LIST OF LABORATORIES IN-CHARGES

Sr. No. Name of The Laboratory Location Name of Lab In charge

1 Electronic Devices & Circuits Lab 623 Mrs. Deepali Newaskar

2 Communication Engineering Lab


606 Mrs. Shilpa Dhanorkar
3 TV & Audio Engineering Lab

4 Network & Power Lab


618 Mrs. Nandini Dhole
5 Microwave Lab

6 Digital Electronics Lab


619 Mrs. Varsha Nanaware

7 Optical Fiber Communication Lab

8 Computer &VLSI Lab 510 Mrs. Ashwini Barkade

9 Computer & Embedded System Lab 517 Mrs. Jyoti Sangogi

10 Project Lab 511 Mr. Baliram Gayal

11 Basic Electronics Lab 014 Mrs. Aparna Badawe


Savitribai Phule Pune University
Second Year of Electronics / E & Tc Engineering (2019 Course)
204191: Signals & Systems
Teaching Scheme: Credit Examination Scheme:
Theory: 03 hrs. / week 03 + 01 = 04 In-Sem (Theory): 30 Marks
Tutorial: 01 hr. / week End Sem (Theory): 70 Marks
Term Work: 25 Marks
Prerequisite Courses, if any: --
Companion Course, if any: 204195 - Signal & Control Systems Lab
Course Objectives:

• To understand the mathematical representation of continuous and discrete time signals and systems.
• To classify signals and systems into different categories.
• To analyze Linear Time Invariant (LTI) systems in time and transform domains.
• To build basics for understanding of courses such as signal processing, control system and
communication.
• To develop basis of probability and random variables.
Course Outcomes: On completion of the course, learner will be able to -

CO1: Identify, classify basic signals and perform operations on signals.

CO2: Identify, Classify the systems based on their properties in terms of input output relation and in
terms of impulse response and will be able to determine the convolution between to signals.

CO3: Analyze and resolve the signals in frequency domain using Fourier series and Fourier Transform.

CO4: Resolve the signals in complex frequency domain using Laplace Transform, and will be able to
apply and analyze the LTI systems using Laplace Transforms.

CO5: Define and Describe the probability, random variables and random signals. Compute the
probability of a given event, model, compute the CDF and PDF.

CO6: Compute the mean, mean square, variance and standard deviation for given random variables
using PDF.
Course Contents
Unit I Introduction to Signals & Systems (07 Hrs)
Signals: Introduction, Graphical, Functional, Tabular and Sequence representation of Continuous and
Discrete time signals. Basics of Elementary signals: Unit step, Unit ramp, Unit parabolic, Impulse,
Sinusoidal, Real exponential, Complex exponential, Rectangular pulse, Triangular, Signum, Sinc and
Gaussian function.

Operations on signals: time shifting, time reversal, time scaling, amplitude scaling, signal addition,
subtraction, signal multiplication. Communication, control system and Signal processing examples.

Classification of signals: Deterministic, Random, periodic , Non periodic, Energy , Power, Causal , Non-
Causal, Even and odd signal.

Systems: Introduction, Classification of Systems: Lumped Parameter and Distributed Parameter System,
static and dynamic systems, causal and non-causal systems, Linear and Non- linear systems, time variant
and time invariant systems, stable and unstable systems, invertible and non- invertible systems.
Mapping of Course CO1: Identify, classify basic signals and perform operations on signals.
Outcomes for Unit I

Unit II Time domain representation of LTI System (07 Hrs)


Input-output relation, definition of impulse response, convolution sum, convolution integral, computation
of convolution integral using graphical method for unit step to unit step, unit step to exponential,
exponential to exponential, unit step to rectangular and rectangular to rectangular only. Computation of
convolution sum. Properties of convolution. System interconnection, system properties in terms of impulse
response, step response in terms of impulse response.
Mapping of Course CO2: Identify, Classify the systems based on their properties in terms of
Outcomes for Unit II input output relation and in terms of impulse response and will be
able to determine the convolution between to signals.

Unit III Fourier Series (07 Hrs)


Fourier series (FS) representation of periodic Continuous Time (CT) signals, Dirichlet condition for
existence of Fourier series, orthogonality, basis functions, Amplitude and phase response, FS representation
of CT signals using trigonometric and exponential Fourier series. Applications of Fourier series, properties
of Fourier series and their physical significance, Gibbs phenomenon.
Mapping of Course CO3: Analyze and resolve the signals in frequency domain using Fourier
Outcomes for Unit series and Fourier Transform.
III
Unit IV Fourier Transform (07 Hrs)
Fourier Transform (FT) representation of aperiodic CT signals, Dirichlet condition for existence of Fourier
transform, evaluation of magnitude and phase response, FT of standard CT signals, Properties and their
significance, Interplay between time and frequency domain using sinc and rectangular signals, Fourier
Transform for periodic signals.
Mapping of Course CO3: Analyze and resolve the signals in frequency domain using Fourier
Outcomes for Unit IV series and Fourier Transform.

Unit V Laplace Transform (07 Hrs)


Definition of Laplace Transform (LT), Limitations of Fourier transform and need of Laplace transform,
ROC, Properties of ROC, Laplace transform of standard periodic and aperiodic functions, properties of
Laplace transform and their significance, Laplace transform evaluation using properties, Inverse Laplace
transform based on partial fraction expansion, stability considerations in S domain, Application of Laplace
transforms to the LTI system analysis.
Mapping of Course CO4: Resolve the signals in complex frequency domain using Laplace
Outcomes for Unit V Transform, and will be able to apply and analyze the LTI systems
using Laplace Transforms.

Unit VI Probability and Random Variables (07 Hrs)


Probability: Experiment, sample space, event, probability, conditional probability and statistical
independence, Bayes theorem, Uniform and Gaussian probability models.
Random variables: Continuous and Discrete random variables, cumulative distributive function,
Probability density function, properties of CDF and PDF. Statistical averages, mean, moments and
expectations, standard deviation and variance.
Mapping of Course CO5: Define and Describe the probability, random variables and
Outcomes for Unit VI random signals. Compute the probability of a given event, model,
compute the CDF and PDF.

CO6: Compute the mean, mean square, variance and standard deviation
for given random variables using PDF.
Learning Resources
Text Books:
1. Simon Haykins and Barry Van Veen, “Signals and Systems”, Wiley India, 2nd Edition.
2. M.J. Roberts “Signal and Systems”, Tata McGraw Hill 2007.
Reference Books:
1. Charles Phillips, “Signals, Systems and Transforms”, Pearson Education, 3rd Edition.
2. Peyton Peebles, “Probability, Random Variable, Random Processes”, Tata Mc Graw Hill, 4th
Edition.
3. A. Nagoor Kanni “Signals and Systems”, Mc Graw Hill, 2nd Edition.
MOOC / NPTEL Courses:
1. NPTEL Course “Principles of Signals & System”

https://nptel.ac.in/courses/108/104/108104100/

2. Lecture Series on, “Signals & Systems”

http://www.nptelvideos.in/2012/12/signals-and-system.html
TEACHING PLAN
Academic Year: 2023-24(Semester: IV)
Course Title:
Subject Code: 204191 Class: S.E. Division: A
Signals and Systems
Term: Ii Date of commencement of classes: Date of conclusion of teaching:

Examination Scheme
Lecture
Practical/Tutorial
Schedule: Theory:100 M
Schedule: Term Work Practical Oral
3Hrs/ In Sem:30 M (1 Hr)
2Hrs/Week
Week End Sem:70 (2Hrs.30 min.)
25 - -
2020-21 2021-22 2022-23
Subject Previous 3 Years University
Dr. D. A. Newaskar 89% 60%
Teacher Result

UNIT – I: Introduction and Classification of signals


Syllabus: Definition of signal and systems, communication and control systems as examples. Sampling of
analog signals, sampling theorem, Continuous time and discrete time signal, Classification of signals as even,
odd, periodic and non-periodic, deterministic and non-deterministic, energy and power.
Elementary signals used for testing: reasons for using standard test signals, exponential, sine, impulse, step
and its properties, ramp, rectangular, triangular, signum, sinc.
Operations on signals: Amplitude scaling, addition, multiplication, differentiation, integration (Accumulator
for DT), time scaling, time shifting and time folding.
Systems: Definition, Classification: linear and non-linear, time variant and invariant, causal and non- causal,
static and dynamic, stable and unstable, invertible. (07 Hrs.)
PLAN ACTUAL
Lect. Reasons
Date Topics Date Topics covered for
No.
Deviation

1 Signals: Introduction, Graphical, Functional,


Tabular and Sequence representation of
Continuous and Discrete time signals.
2 Basics of Elementary signals: Unit step, Unit
ramp, Unit parabolic, Impulse, Sinusoidal, Real
exponential, Complex exponential, Rectangular
pulse, Triangular, Signum, Sinc and Gaussian
function.
3 Operations on signals: time shifting, time reversal,
time scaling, amplitude scaling, signal addition,
subtraction, signal multiplication.
4 Communication, control system and Signal
processing examples.
5 Classification of signals: Deterministic, Random,
periodic , Non periodic, Energy , Power, Causal ,
Non- Causal, Even and odd signal.
6 Systems: Introduction, Classification of Systems:
Lumped Parameter and Distributed Parameter
System, static and dynamic systems, causal and
non-causal systems
7 Linear and Non- linear systems, time variant and
time invariant systems, stable and unstable
systems, invertible and non- invertible systems.
Make up Classes
UNIT –II: Time domain representation of LTI System

Syllabus: Input-output relation, definition of impulse response, convolution sum, convolution integral,
computation of convolution integral using graphical method for unit step to unit step, unit step to exponential,
exponential to exponential, unit step to rectangular and rectangular to rectangular only. Computation of
convolution sum. Properties of convolution. System interconnection, system properties in terms of impulse
response, step response in terms of impulse response. (07 Hrs.)

PLAN ACTUAL
Lect. Reasons
Date Topics Date Topics covered
No. for Deviation

8 I-O relation, definition of impulse


response, convolution sum
Convolution integral, computation
9 of convolution integral using
graphical method for unit step to
unit step
Unit step to exponential,
10 exponential to exponential, unit
step to rectangular & rectangular to
rectangular only.
11 Computation of convolution sum.
12 Properties of convolution.
13
System interconnection
System properties in terms of
14
impulse response, step response in
terms of impulse response.
Make up Classes

Contents Beyond syllabus


UNIT –III: Fourier Series
Syllabus: Fourier series (FS) representation of periodic Continuous Time (CT) signals, Dirichlet condition for
existence of Fourier series, orthogonality, basis functions, Amplitude and phase response, FS representation of
CT signals using trigonometric and exponential Fourier series. Applications of Fourier series, properties of
Fourier series and their physical significance, Gibbs phenomenon. (07 Hrs.)
PLAN ACTUAL
Reasons
Lect.
Date Topics Date Topics covered for
No..
Deviation

Fourier series (FS) representation


15 of periodic Continuous Time (CT)
signals
16 Dirichlet condition for existence of
Fourier series, orthogonality,
17 Basis functions, Amplitude and
phase response,
FS representation of CT signals
18
using trigonometric and
exponential Fourier series.
Properties of Fourier series and
19
their physical significance, Gibbs
pheno.
20 Applications of Fourier Series
21 problems
Make up Classes

Contents Beyond syllabus


UNIT –IV: Fourier Transform (FT)
Syllabus: Fourier Transform (FT) representation of aperiodic CT signals, Dirichlet condition for existence of
Fourier transform, evaluation of magnitude and phase response, FT of standard CT signals, Properties and
their significance, Interplay between time and frequency domain using sinc and rectangular signals, Fourier
Transform for periodic signals. (07 Hrs.)
PLAN ACTUAL
Lect. Reasons
Date Topics Date Topics covered
No. for Deviation

22 Fourier transform Fourier


Transform (FT) representation of
aperiodic CT signals
23 Dirichlet condition for existence of
fourier transform
24 evaluation of magnitude and phase
response, FT of standard CT
signals,
25 FT standard periodic CT signals,
Properties and their significance
26 Interplay between time and
frequency domain using sinc and
rectangular signals
27 Fourier Transform for periodic
signals
28 Introduction to Discrete Time
Fourier Transform.
Make up Classes

Contents Beyond syllabus


UNIT –V: Laplace transform
Syllabus: Definition of Laplace Transform (LT), Limitations of Fourier transform and need of Laplace
transform, ROC, Properties of ROC, Laplace transform of standard periodic and aperiodic functions, properties
of Laplace transform and their significance, Laplace transform evaluation using properties, Inverse Laplace
transform based on partial fraction expansion, stability considerations in S domain, Application of Laplace
transforms to the LTI system analysis. (7Hrs)
PLAN ACTUAL
Reasons
Lect.
Date Topics Date Topics covered for
No.
Deviation

29 Laplace transform and its


applications; Definition of Laplace
Transform (LT), Limitations of
Fourier transform and need of
Laplace transform
30 Laplace transform of standard
periodic and aperiodic functions
31 properties of Laplace transform
and their significance
32 Laplace transform evaluation using
properties,
33 Inverse Laplace transform based on
partial fraction expansion,
34 stability considerations in S
domain
35 Application of Laplace transforms
to the LTI system analysis.
Make up Classes

Contents Beyond syllabus


UNIT –VI: Probability and Random Signals
Syllabus: Probability: Experiment, sample space, event, probability, conditional probability and statistical
independence, Bayes theorem, Uniform and Gaussian probability models.
Random variables: Continuous and Discrete random variables, cumulative distributive function, Probability
density function, properties of CDF and PDF. Statistical averages, mean, moments and expectations, standard
deviation and variance. (7 Hrs)
PLAN ACTUAL
Lect. Reasons
Date Topics Date Topics covered
No. for Deviation

36 Probability: Experiment, sample


space, event
37 probability, conditional probability
and statistical independence
38 Bayes theorem Uniform and
Gaussian probability models.
Random variables: Continuous and
39 Discrete random variables
cumulative distributive function
40 Probability density function,
properties of CDF and PDF.
41 Stat. averages, mean, moments
expectations
42 std. deviation and variance
Make up Classes

Contents Beyond syllabus


Sub: Signals and Systems COURSE: SE(2019 pattern)
/ /2024

Unit 01 & 02
SET B

/ /2024

Unit 01 & 02
S.E. (E&TC ENGINEERING) SET A
UNIT TEST II [SEM-II]
204191 : - Signals and Systems
Time: 1:00 hr. Date: / /2024 Maximum Marks: 30
Instructions to Candidates:
1. Answer Q.1 OR Q.2, Q.3 OR Q.4 2. Neat diagrams should be drawn,
3. Figures in brackets indicate marks.4. Use of nonprogrammable calculator is allowed
5. Assume suitable data where required.
UNIT- 01
Q.1. A. Explain the Dirichilet’s condition for the existence of the Fourier Series. (7)
Also, state four properties of FS
B. Find the FS for the CT periodic Signal. Draw the spectrum (8)

OR
Q.2. A. State and explain any seven properties of the Fourier Series (7)
B. Find Trigonometric Fourier Series for the following signal. (8)

UNIT- 02
Q.3 A. State and explain any four properties of the Fourier Transform. (7)
B. Find the Fourier transform of the following signals (8)
i)x(t) = 2[u(t) – u(t – 4)] ii)x(t) = u(t)
OR
Q.4. A. Find Fourier Transform for f(t)=rect(t) and draw the response. (7)
B. Find the Fourier transform of the following signals (8)
𝑗𝑤𝑜𝑡
i) x(t)= 2u(t)-1 ii) x1(t)=x(t)𝑒
S.E. (E&TC ENGINEERING) SET B
UNIT TEST I [SEM-II]
204191 : - Signals and Systems
Time: 1:00 hr. Date: / /2024 Maximum Marks: 30
Instructions to Candidates:
1. Answer Q.1 OR Q.2, Q.3 OR Q.4 2. Neat diagrams should be drawn,
3. Figures in brackets indicate marks.4. Use of nonprogrammable calculator is allowed
5. Assume suitable data where required.
UNIT- 01
Q.1. A. Write a short note on energy and power signals (7)
B. Identify whether the given signal is deterministic, periodic, causal (8)
i) x(t) = 2cos (8𝜋𝑡)
ii) x(t)=16 cos(10n)
iii) x(t)=cos(0.5n)
iv) x(t)=u(t)-u(t-1)
v)
OR
Q.2. A. State and explain different types of signals (7)
B. Draw the following signals (8)
1) y(t)= u(t)-u(t-5)
𝑡−2
2) 𝑦(𝑡) = 𝜋( 3 )
3) y(n)=2u(n)-u(n-7)
4) y(t)= r(𝑡)
UNIT- 02
Q.3 A. Write properties of Linear convolution. (7)
B. Find response of system with impulse response{-1,1,-1} for the given input (8)
x(n)={3,2,2} using graphical method.
OR
Q.4. A. What is step response of system? (7)
B. Find convolution of the given signals (8)
𝑥(𝑡) = e−2𝑡 𝑢(𝑡); ℎ(𝑡) = 𝑢(𝑡 + 2)
S.E. (E&TC ENGINEERING)
SET B
UNIT TEST I [SEM-II]
204191 : - Signals and Systems
Time: 1:00 hr. Date: 29/03/2023 Maximum Marks: 30
Instructions to Candidates:
1. Answer Q.1 OR Q.2, Q.3 OR Q.4 2. Neat diagrams should be drawn,
3. Figures in brackets indicate marks.4. Use of nonprogrammable calculator is allowed
5. Assume suitable data where required.
UNIT- 01
Q.1. A. Write a short note on energy and power signals (7)
B. Identify whether the given signal is deterministic, periodic, causal (8)
vi) x(t) = 2cos (8𝜋𝑡)
vii) x(t)=16 cos(10n)
viii) x(t)=cos(0.5n)
ix) x(t)=u(t)-u(t-1)
x)
OR
Q.2. A. State and explain different types of signals (7)
B. Draw the following signals (8)
5) y(t)= u(t)-u(t-5)
𝑡−2
6) 𝑦(𝑡) = 𝜋( 3 )
7) y(n)=2u(n)-u(n-7)
8) y(t)= r(𝑡)
UNIT- 02
Q.3 A. Write properties of Linear convolution. (7)
B. Find response of system with impulse response{-1,1,-1} for the given input (8)
x(n)={3,2,2} using graphical method.
OR
Q.4. A. What is step response of system? (7)
B. Find convolution of the given signals (8)
𝑥(𝑡) = e−2𝑡 𝑢(𝑡); ℎ(𝑡) = 𝑢(𝑡 + 2)
S.E. (E&TC ENGINEERING)
PRELIM EXAM [SEM-II]
SIGNALS & SYSTEMS
Time: 2:30 hrs. Date: / /2024 Maximum Marks: 70
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Instructions to Candidates:
1. Answer Q.1 OR Q.2, Q.3 OR Q.4, 2. Neat diagrams should be drawn,
3. Figures in brackets indicate marks. 4. Use of nonprogrammable calculator is allowed
7. Assume suitable data where required.
UNIT 03 to 06

Q1. a] State & explain any four properties of Laplace Transform [09]
b] Find the inverse LT of the given signal [09]
𝑋(𝑠) = 3𝑠 + 7/𝑠2-2s-3 if ROC is s>3
OR
Q2. a] Find the Initial and Final Value of given Signals [09]
1. 𝑋(𝑠) = 7𝑠 + 10/𝑠(𝑆 + 2)

5 1
2. 𝑋(𝑠) = −
𝑠 𝑠−4

b] Determine Laplace Transform and sketch its ROC [09]

1. ℎ(𝑡) = 𝑒−2𝑡𝑢(𝑡) + 𝑒−3𝑡𝑢(𝑡)


2. ℎ(𝑡) = 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑡 𝑢(𝑡)

Q3. a] State and explain the properties of CDF & PDF [09]
b] A box contain 3 white, 4 red & 5 black balls. A balls drawn at random. Find the probability that [09]
it is 1. Red 2. Not Black 3. Black & White
OR
Q4. a] State the different Probability Model? Explain the following with mathematical expression for
[09]
CDF And PDF 1) Uniform Distribution 2) Gaussian Distribution
b] PDF of random variable x is given as
Fx(x) = K(1 − x) 0≤x≤1
[09]
0 otherwise
Find 1. K
2. CDF
3. 𝑃(0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2)
Q5.a] Write the conditions for existence of Fourier Transform. [08]
b] Sate and explain any 4 properties of Fourier Transform. [09]
OR
Q6 a] Find FT of [8]
b] Find Fourier Transform of [9]

Q7. a] Find Fourier Series for the following signal [9]

b] State and explain Gibbs Phenomenon. [8]


OR
Q8 a] Write any four properties of Fourier Series. [8]
b] Write the significance and applications of FS. [9]
Savitribai Phule Pune University
Second Year of Electronics / E & Tc Engineering (2019 Course)
204192: Control Systems

Teaching Scheme: Credit Examination Scheme:


Theory: 03 hrs. / week 03 In-Sem (Theory): 30 Marks
End Sem (Theory): 70 Marks
Prerequisite Courses, if any: --
Companion Course, if any: 204195 - Signal & Control Systems Lab
Course Objectives:

• To Introduce elements of control system and their modeling using various Techniques.
• To get acquainted with the methods for analyzing the time response and Stability of System
• To Introduce and analyze the frequency response and Stability of System
• To Introduce concept of root locus, Bode plots, Nyquist plots.
• To Introduce State Variable Analysis method.
• To get acquainted with Concepts of PID controllers and IoT based Industrial Automation.

Course Outcomes: On completion of the course, learner will be able to -

CO1: Determine and use models of physical systems in forms suitable for use in the analysis and
design of control systems.

CO2: Determine the (absolute) stability of a closed-loop control system.

CO3: Perform time domain analysis of control systems required for stability analysis. CO4:

Perform frequency domain analysis of control systems required for stability analysis. CO5:

Apply root-locus, Frequency Plots technique to analyze control systems.

CO6: Express and solve system equations in state variable form.

CO7: Differentiate between various digital controllers and understand the role of the controllers in
Industrial automation.

Course Contents
Unit I Introduction to Control Systems & its (06 Hrs)
modelling
Basic Elements of Control System, Open loop and Closed loop systems, Differential equations and
Transfer function, Modeling of Electric systems, Translational and rotational mechanical systems, Block diagram
reduction Techniques, Signal flow graph.

Mapping of Course CO1: Determine and use models of physical systems in forms suitable for
Outcomes for Unit I use in the analysis and design of control systems.

Unit II Time domain analysis (06 Hrs)


Time domain analysis: transient response and steady state response, standard test inputs for time domain analysis,
order and type of a system, transient analysis of first and second order systems, time domain specifications of second
order under damped system from its step response, Steady state error and static
error constants.

Mapping of Course CO2: Determine the (absolute) stability of a closed-loop control system.
Outcomes for Unit II
Unit III Stability analysis (08 Hrs)
Characteristic equation of a system, concept of pole and zero, response of various pole locations in s-plane, concept
of stability absolute stability, relative stability, stability of system from pole locations, Routh Hurwit stability
criterion, Root locus: definition, magnitude and angle conditions, construction of root locus, concept of dominant
poles, effect of addition of pole and zero on root locus. Application of root locus for stability
analysis.

Mapping of Course CO3: Perform time domain analysis of control systems required for
Outcomes for Unit stability analysis.
III
Unit IV Frequency domain analysis (08 Hrs)
Frequency response and frequency domain specifications, correlation between time domain and frequency
domain specifications, polar plot, Nyquist stability criterion and construction of Nyquist plot, Bode plot,
determination of frequency domain specifications and stability analysis using Nyquist plot and Bode plot.

Mapping of Course CO4: Perform frequency domain analysis of control systems required for
Outcomes for Unit IV stability analysis.
CO5: Apply root-locus, Frequency Plots technique to analyze control
systems.

Unit V State space representation (06 Hrs)


State space advantages and representation, Transfer function from State space, physical variable form, phase
variable forms: controllable canonical form, observable canonical form, Solution of homogeneous state
equations, state transition matrix and its properties, computation of state transition matrix by Laplace
transform method only.

Mapping of Course CO6: Express and solve system equations in state variable form.
Outcomes for Unit V
Unit VI Controllers and Digital Control Systems (06 Hrs)
Concept of Controller, Basic ON-OFF Controller, Concept of Dead Zone, Introduction to P, I, D, PI, PD and
PID controller, OFFSET of Controller, Integral Reset, PID Characteristics. Concept of Zeigler- Nicholas
method.
Concept of Industrial Automation, Need of IoT based Industrial Automation.
Mapping of Course CO7: Differentiate between various digital controllers and understand
Outcomes for Unit VI the role of the controllers in industrial automation.

Learning Resources
Text Books:
1. N. J. Nagrath and M. Gopal, “Control System Engineering”, New Age International Publishers, 5th
Edition.
2. K. Ogata, “Modern Control Engineering”, Prentice Hall India Learning Private Limited; 5th Edition.
Reference Books:
1. Benjamin C. Kuo, “Automatic control systems”, Prentice Hall of India, 7th Edition.
2. M. Gopal, “Control System – Principles and Design”, Tata McGraw Hill, 4th Edition.
3. Schaum‟s Outline Series, “Feedback and Control Systems” Tata McGraw-Hill.
4. John J. D‟Azzo and Constantine H. Houpis, “Linear Control System Analysis and Design”, Tata
McGraw-Hill, Inc.
5. Richard C. Dorf and Robert H. Bishop, “Modern Control Systems”, Addison – Wesley.

MOOC / NPTEL Courses:


1. NPTEL Course “Control System”

https://nptel.ac.in/courses/107/106/107106081/

2. NPTEL Course “Control System Design”

https://nptel.ac.in/courses/115/108/115108104/
Sinhgad Technical Education Society’s
RMD SINHGAD SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING, PUNE
Department of Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering
TEACHING PLAN
Academic Year: 2023-24(Semester: IV)

Course Title: Subject Code: Class: Division:


Control Systems 204192 S.E. A
Term: I Date of commencement of classes: Date of conclusion of teaching:
Examination Scheme
Lecture Practical/Tuto
Term Work Practical Oral
Schedule: rial Schedule: Theory:100 M
3Hrs/ Week 2Hrs/Week In Sem:30 M (1 Hr)
End Sem:70 (2Hrs.30 min.) 50 M

2020-21 2021-22 2022-23


Subject Mrs. S.R. Previous 3 Years University
Teacher Dhanorkar Result

UNIT – I: Introduction to Control Systems & its modelling


Basic Elements of Control System, Open loop and Closed loop systems, Differential equations and
Transfer function, Modeling of Electric systems, Translational and rotational mechanical systems, Block diagram
reduction Techniques, Signal flow graph.

PLAN ACTUAL
Lect. Reasons
Date Topics Date Topics covered
No. for Deviation

1 16/1/24 Introduction to Control system,


Basic Elements of Control System.
2 16/1/24 Open loop and Closed loop
systems.
3 18/1/24 Differential equations and
Transfer function.
4 18/1/24 Modeling of Electric systems.

5 19/1/24 Modeling of Translational and


rotational systems.
6 19/1/24 Block diagram reduction
Techniques, Signal flow graph
Make up Classes

Contents Beyond syllabus


UNIT –II: Time domain analysis
Syllabus:
Time domain analysis: transient response and steady state response, standard test inputs for time domain analysis,
order and type of a system, transient analysis of first and second order systems, time domain specifications of second
order under damped system from its step response, Steady state error and static
error constants.

PLAN ACTUAL
Lect. Reasons
Date Topics Date Topics covered
No. for Deviation

7 Time domain analysis: Transient


and steady state response
8 Standard test inputs for time domain
analysis
9 Order and type of a system
10 Transient analysis of first and
second order systems.
11 Time domain specifications of
second order under damped system
from its step response.
12 Steady state error and static error
constants.
Make up Classes

Contents Beyond syllabus


UNIT –III : Stability analysis
Syllabus:
Characteristic equation of a system, concept of pole and zero, response of various pole locations in s-plane, concept
of stability absolute stability, relative stability, stability of system from pole locations, Routh Hurwit stability
criterion, Root locus: definition, magnitude and angle conditions, construction of root locus, concept of dominant
poles, effect of addition of pole and zero on root locus. Application of root locus for stability
analysis.
PLAN ACTUAL
Reasons
Lect.
Date Topics Date Topics covered for
No..
Deviation

13 Characteristic equation of a system.


14
Concept of pole and zero .
15 Response of various pole locations
in s-plane.
16 Concept of stability absolute
stability, relative stability.
17 Stability of system from pole
locations, Routh Hurwitz stability
criterion.
18 Root locus: definition, magnitude
and angle conditions, construction
of root locus.
19 concept of dominant poles, effect of
addition of pole and zero on root
locus.
20 Application of root locus for
stability analysis
Make up Classes

Contents Beyond syllabus


UNIT –IV: Frequency domain analysis
Syllabus:
Frequency response and frequency domain specifications, correlation between time domain and frequency
domain specifications, polar plot, Nyquist stability criterion and construction of Nyquist plot, Bode plot, determination
of frequency domain specifications and stability analysis using Nyquist plot and Bode plot.

PLAN ACTUAL
Lect. Reasons
Date Topics Date Topics covered
No. for Deviation

21 Frequency response and frequency


domain specifications.
22 Correlation between time domain
and frequency domain
specifications.
23 polar plot
24 Nyquist stability criterion and
construction of Nyquist plot.
25 Bode plot
26 Determination of frequency
domain specifications.
27 Stability analysis using Nyquist
stand.
28 Determination of frequency
domain specifications and stability
analysis using Bode plot
Make up Classes

Contents Beyond syllabus


UNIT –V: State space representation
Syllabus
State space advantages and representation, Transfer function from State space, physical variable form, phase
variable forms: controllable canonical form, observable canonical form, Solution of homogeneous state equations,
state transition matrix and its properties, computation of state transition matrix by Laplace transform method only.

PLAN ACTUAL
Reasons
Lect.
Date Topics Date Topics covered for
No.
Deviation

29 State space advantages and


representation, Transfer function
from State space
30 Physical variable form, phase
variable forms
31 Controllable canonical form,
observable canonical form
32 Solution of homogeneous state
equations
33 State transition matrix and its
properties
34 Computation of state transition
matrix by Laplace transform method
Make up Classes

Contents Beyond syllabus


UNIT –VI: Controllers and Digital Control Systems
Syllabus:
Types of fault, Need of Design for Testability (DFT), DFT Guideline, Testability, Fault models, Path sensitizing,
Test pattern generation, Sequential circuit test, Built-in Self Test, JTAG & Boundary scan, TAP Controller

PLAN ACTUAL
Lect Dat Reasons
Date Topics Topics covered
. No. e for Deviation

35 Concept of Controller, Basic ON-


OFF Controller
36
Concept of Dead Zone
37 Introduction to P, I, D, PI, PD and
PID controller.
38 OFFSET of Controller, Integral
Reset, PID Characteristics.
39 Concept of Zeigler, Nicholas
method. Concept of Industrial
Automation
40 Need of IoT based Industrial
Automation
Make up Classes

Contents Beyond syllabus


https://www.controleng.com/ar
Designing real-time process ticles/designing-real-time-
controllers process-controllers

Real-time Manufacturing
https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielaa
Machine and System
m/8856/8481716/8283835-
Performance Monitoring Using
aam.pdf
Internet of Things

Advanced robust design


https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/docu
methods for different control
ment/5529275
problems.
THEORY QUESTIONS

Unit I: Introduction to Control Systems & its modelling

Q1. For the mechanical system shown in Fig, determine the transfer functions𝐗𝟏(𝐬) /𝐅(𝐬) & 𝐗𝟐(𝐬) /𝐅(𝐬)

Q2.Write the differential equations governing the mechanical rotational system shown in the figure and
find transfer function

Q3.For the mechanical system shown in the figure draw the force-voltage and force-current analogous circuits.

Q4. Compare open loop and closed loop control systems based on different aspects?

Q5. Distinguish between Block diagram Reduction Technique and Signal Flow Graph.

3
Q6.Using Block diagram reduction technique find the Transfer Function of the system.

Q7. a. Give the block diagram reduction rules to find the transfer function of thesystem.
b. List the properties of signal flow graph.

Q.8 For the system represented in the given figure, determine transfer functionC(S)/R(S).

Q.9 Find the overall transfer function of the system whose signal flow graph is shown below.

𝐂
10.Using mason gain formula find the transfer function for the signal flow graph shown in figure.

4
UNIT 2 Time Domain Analysis
Q.1 List out the time domain specifications and derive the expressions for Risetime, Peak time and Peak
overshoot.
Q.2 Find all the time domain specifications for a unity feedback control system [L2,CO2] 10M
whose open loop transfer function is given by G(S) = 𝟐𝟓 .
𝑺(𝑺+𝟓)
G(s)H(s)= 𝟏𝟎 .
𝑺𝟐(𝑺+𝟏)(𝑺+𝟐)
Q.3 A unity feedback control system has an open loop transfer function, G(s) =

Find the rise time, percentage overshoot, peak time and settling time for a step input of 12 units.

Q.4 Define steady state error? Derive the static error components for Type 0, Type
1 &Type 2 systems?

Q.5 A positional control system with velocity feedback shown in figure. What is the response c(t) to the unit step
input. Given that damping ratio=0.5.Also determine rise time, peak time, maximum overshoot and settling
time.

Q.6 Consider a unity feedback system with a closed loop transfer function 𝑪(𝑺) 𝑹(𝑺) =

Calculate open loop transfer function G(s). Show that steady state error with unit ramp input is given by

Q.7 For a unity feedback control system the open loop transfer function

(i) Determine the position, velocity and acceleration error constants

(ii) The steady state error when the input is.

5
Q.8 For the unity feedbach system with open loop transfer function :
𝑘(𝑆+2)
𝐺(𝑆) = 𝑆⋅𝐶𝑆3 +7𝑆2 +12𝑗
Find:
1. Type os system
2. Error coefficient kp,kv,Ka
𝑅 2
3. Steady state error when the input to the system is 𝑡
2

Q .9 For the unity feedbach system with open loop transfer function
G(s)=K/s(s+10)

Determine the gain K, peak overshoot, settling time and time to peak overshoot for unit step input,
if damping factor is 0.5.

Q.10 a. What is the characteristic equation? List the significance of characteristic equation.
b. The system has G(s) = 𝑲 𝑺(𝟏+𝑺𝑻) with unity feedback where K & T are constant.
Determine the factor by which gain ‘K’ should be multiplied to reduce the overshot from 75% to 25%?

6
UNIT 3 Stability Analysis

1. With the help of Routh’s stability criterion find the stability of the following systems represented by the
characteristic equations:
(a) s 4 + 8 s 3 + 18 s 2 + 16s + 5 = 0.
(b) s 6 + 2s5 + 8s4 + 12s3 + 20s2 + 16s + 16 = 0.
2. With the help of Routh’s stability criterion find the stability of the following systems represented by the
characteristic equations:
(a) s 5 + s 4 + 2 s 3 + 2 s 2 + 3s + 5 = 0
(b) 9s 5 -20s 4 + 10 s 3 - s 2 - 9s - 10 = 0
3. The open loop Transfer function of a unity feedback control system is given by

Determine the value of K which will cause sustained oscillations in the closed loop system and what is the
corresponding oscillation Frequency
4. Determine the range of K for stability of unity feedback system whose open loop transfer function is

using Routh’s stability criterion.

5. Explain the procedure for constructing root locus.


6. Sketch the root locus of the system whose open loop transfer function is

7. Sketch the root locus of the system whose open loop transfer function is

8. Sketch the root locus of the system whose open loop transfer function is

9. Sketch the root locus of the system whose open loop transfer function is

10. i)? What is the necessary condition for stability?


ii) Define root locus? What is centroid? How the centroid is calculated?
iii) What is limitedly stable system?

7
UNIT-IV Frequency Domain Analysis

1. Sketch the Bode plot for the following transfer function

2. Sketch the Bode plot for the system having the following transfer function

3. Define and derive the expression for resonant frequency.


4. Draw the magnitude bode plot for the system having the following transfer function:

5. Derive the expressions for resonant peak and resonant frequency and hence establish the correlation between time
response and frequency response
6. Sketch polar plot of the system with open loop transfer function

7. i) Define phase margine ?

ii) Write the expression for resonant peak and resonant frequency?

iii) What is phase and gain cross over frequency?

iv) What are the frequency domain specifications? What is frequency response.

8. A system is given by

Sketch the nyquist plot and determine the stability of the system.
9. Sketch polar plot of the system with open loop transfer function .
10
G(s)H(s) = 𝑆(𝑆+1)(𝑆+2)
Also determine wpc,G.M. X-intercept.

10. Sketch Nyquist plot of the system with open loop transfer function .
𝑘
G(s) H(s) = (𝑠+1)(𝑠+5)(𝑠+10)

8
UNIT 5 State Space Analysis

1. Define the terms


1. State
2. State Variable
3. State Vector
4. State Space
−5 −1 𝑥 1 2 𝑥1
2. Find transfer function of [ ][ ] + [ ] 𝑟(𝑡) = [ 1 2] [ ]
3 −1 𝑥 2 5 𝑥2
3. Determine the state transition matrix of state equation
0 1
X=[ ] x(t)
−8 9
4. Obtain the controllable and observable canonical state models for the system with transfer function
𝒔+𝟑
G(s) =
𝒔𝟐 +𝟑𝒔+𝟐
5. Obtain a state space representation in controllable and observable canonical form for the system.
𝑆+3
T(s) =
𝑆 2 +3𝑆+2
6. Determine the state transition matrix of system with state equation x=[ 0 1
]x
−8 −6

7. Determine the state transition matrix of system with state equation x=[0 1
]x
0 −4

1
Also determine solution of state equation if : x(0) = [ ]
1
8. Obtain the controllable and observable canonical state models for the system with transfer function
𝒔𝟐 +𝒔+𝟗
G(s) =
𝒔𝟑 +𝒔𝟐 +𝟏𝟏𝒔+𝟑
9. State the properties of State Transition Matrix.

10. i) List out the properties of STM?


ii) Define state variable?
iii) Write the formula for solutions of state equation?
iv) Write the state equation?

9
UNIT 6 Controllers and Digital Control System

1. State the characteristics of P,I, D controllers.


2. What do you understand by Integral reset in PID controller? Explain with suitable example.
3. Describe the Ziegler- Nichols method of process-control loop tuning.
4. Write a short note on ‘PID Controller’
5. Draw the ladder diagram for EX-OR , NOR and NAND gates
6. In an application of Ziegler- Nichols method , a process begins oscillations with a 30% proportional band in
an 11.5 min period. Find the nominal three mode controller settings.
7. State the characteristics of P,I,D controllers.
8. Draw and explain block diagram of digital control system.
9. Write short note on : Advantages of digital control systems over analog control system.
10. Derive transfer Function of Sampled Data systems.

10
CS Assignment I

Unit I: Introduction to Control Systems & its Modelling


Q.1 The characteristic equation of closed loop system is given as
1 + G(s) H(s) = 𝒔𝟔 + 𝟐𝒔𝟓 + 𝟖𝒔𝟒 + 𝟏𝟐𝒔𝟑 + 𝟐𝟎𝒔𝟐 + 𝟏𝟔𝒔 + 𝟏𝟔
Check the stability of the system and determine number of closed loop pole lies in RHP of s plane.

𝑘
Q.2 A unity feedback system with open loop transfer function G(s)= 𝟒 Plot root locus.
(𝒔+𝟏)

Q.3 The characteristic equation of closed loop system is given as


1 + G(s) H(s) = 𝒔𝟑 + 𝟕𝒔𝟐 + 𝟐𝟓𝒔 + 𝟑𝟗 = 𝟎.
Determine the number of roots which are lying on left half side

Q.4 Q.8 For the system represented in the given figure, determine transfer functionC(S)/R(S).

Q.5 Find the overall transfer function of the system whose signal flow graph is shown below.

𝐂
Q.6 Using mason gain formula find the transfer function for the signal flow graph shown in figure.

11
CS Assignment II

UNIT 2 Time Domain Analysis


Q.1 List out the time domain specifications and derive the expressions for Risetime, Peak time and Peak
overshoot.

)
Q.2 A unity feedback control system has an open loop transfer function,
G(s) =

Find the rise time, percentage overshoot, peak time and settling time for a step input of 12 units.

Q. 3 Define steady state error? Derive the static error components for Type 0, Type
1 &Type 2 systems?

Q.4 Consider a unity feedback system with a closed loop transfer function 𝑪(𝑺) 𝑹(𝑺) =

Calculate open loop transfer function G(s). Show that steady state error with unit ramp input is given by

Q.5 For a unity feedback control system the open loop transfer function

(i) Determine the position, velocity and acceleration error constants

(ii) The steady state error when the input is.

Q.6 a. What is the characteristic equation? List the significance of characteristic equation.
b. The system has G(s) = 𝑲 𝑺(𝟏+𝑺𝑻) with unity feedback where K & T are constant.
Determine the factor by which gain ‘K’ should be multiplied to reduce the overshot from 75% to 25%?

12
CS Assignment III
UNIT 3 Stability Analysis

1. Determine the range of K for stability of unity feedback system whose open loop transfer function is

using Routh’s stability criterion.

2. Explain the procedure for constructing root locus.


3. Sketch the root locus of the system whose open loop transfer function is

4. Sketch the root locus of the system whose open loop transfer function is

5. Sketch the root locus of the system whose open loop transfer function is

6. i)? What is the necessary condition for stability?


ii) Define root locus? What is centroid? How the centroid is calculated?
iii) What is limitedly stable system?

13
CS Assignment IV
UNIT-IV Frequency Domain Analysis

1. Derive the expressions for resonant peak and resonant frequency and hence establish the correlation between time
response and frequency response
2. Sketch polar plot of the system with open loop transfer function

3. i) Define phase margine ?

ii) Write the expression for resonant peak and resonant frequency?

iii) What is phase and gain cross over frequency?

iv) What are the frequency domain specifications? What is frequency response.

4. A system is given by

Sketch the nyquist plot and determine the stability of the system.
5. Sketch polar plot of the system with open loop transfer function .
10
G(s)H(s) = 𝑆(𝑆+1)(𝑆+2)
Also determine wpc,G.M. X-intercept.
6. Sketch Nyquist plot of the system with open loop transfer function .
𝑘
G(s) H(s) = (𝑠+1)(𝑠+5)(𝑠+10)

14
CS Assignment V
UNIT 5 State Space Analysis

0 1
1. Determine the state transition matrix of system with state equation x=[ ]x
0 −4

1
Also determine solution of state equation if : x(0) = [ ]
1
2. Obtain the controllable and observable canonical state models for the system with transfer function
𝒔𝟐 +𝒔+𝟗
G(s) =
𝒔𝟑 +𝒔𝟐 +𝟏𝟏𝒔+𝟑
3. State the properties of State Transition Matrix.
4. i) List out the properties of STM?
ii) Define state variable?
iii) Write the formula for solutions of state equation?
iv) Write the state equation?

5. Define the terms


1 State
2 State Variable
3 State Vector
4 State Space
−5 −1 𝑥 1 2 𝑥1
6. Find transfer function of [ ][ ] + [ ] 𝑟(𝑡) = [ 1 2] [ ]
3 −1 𝑥 2 5 𝑥2

15
CS Assignment VI

UNIT 6 Controllers and Digital Control System

1. In an application of Ziegler- Nichols method , a process begins oscillations with a 30% proportional band in
an 11.5 min period. Find the nominal three mode controller settings.
2. State the characteristics of P,I,D controllers.
3. State the characteristics of P,I, D controllers.
4. What do you understand by Integral reset in PID controller? Explain with suitable example.
5. Describe the Ziegler- Nichols method of process-control loop tuning.
6. Write a short note on ‘PID Controller’
7. Draw the ladder diagram for EX-OR , NOR and NAND gates

16
Sinhgad Technical Educational Society’s
RMD Sinhgad School of Engineering, Warje, Pune-58.
Department of Electronics and Telecommunication
(S.E. semester-II)
UNIT TEST- I
Control Systems (204192 )
Time: 1.00 hours Max. Marks-30
Date – 29/03/2023

Instructions to the candidates


1) Solve Q.1 Or Q. 2, Solve Q.3 or Q.4.
2) Neat diagrams must be drawn wherever necessary.

Q.1 (5)
a)

(5M)
b)

c) (5M)

OR

Q2
a) (5M)
b)
(5M)

(5M)

c)

Q3 a) Draw the sketch of transient response of control system and explain all the transient (5M)
response specifications.
b)

(5M)

(5M)
c)

OR
Q) 4
a) (5M)

b) (5M)

c) (5M)

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sinhgad Technical Educational Society’s
RMD Sinhgad School of Engineering, Warje, Pune-58.
Department of Electronics and Telecommunication
(S.E. semester-II)
UNIT TEST- I
Control Systems (204192)
Time: 1.00 hours Max. Marks-30
Date:-

Instructions to the candidates


1) Solve Q.1 Or Q. 2, Solve Q.3 or Q.4.
2) Neat diagrams must be drawn wherever necessary.

Q 1.a. Explain open loop and closed loop systems with real time example [7M]

b. For the given mechanical systems find the transfer Function. [8M]

OR

Q2 a. Reduce the following block diagram and obtain the transfer function C/R [7M]

b. Determine the transfer function Y(s)/ R(S)of signal function [8M]


Q3 a. Determine the transfer function of a given mechanical systems. [8M]

b. Using Mason’s formula find the transfer function Y(s)/R(s) [7M]

OR

Q4 a. Define the Following [8M]


1. Peak Time
2. Rise Time
3. Settling Time
4. Delay Time

b. A unit step input is applied to the unity feedback system for which open loop transfer function
16
G(s) = Find closed loop transfer function, natural frequency, damping frequency and
(5+6)
damping factor. [7M]
Sinhgad Technical Educational Society’s
RMD Sinhgad School of Engineering, Warje, Pune-58.
Department of Electronics and Telecommunication
(S.E. semester-II)
UNIT TEST- II
Control Systems (204192 )
Time: 1.00 hours Max. Marks-30
Date – 02/05/2023

Instructions to the candidates


1) Solve Q.1 Or Q. 2, Solve Q.3 or Q.4.
2) Neat diagrams must be drawn wherever necessary.

Q1.
a. Consider a closed loop characteristics equation with (07M)
Q(s) = 𝑆 + 10𝑆 + 29𝑆 + 20𝑠 + 𝑘 = 0
4 3 2

Determine the range for k for stability, value of k and frequency of oscillations when system is
marginally stable.
b. Consider a system with characteristics equation with (08M)
Q(s) = 𝑆 + 3𝑆 + 5𝑆 + 9𝑆 + 8𝑆 + 6𝑠 + 4 = 0
6 5 4 3 2

and investigate stability.


OR
Q. 2
a. Sketch the root locus of the system whose open loop transfer function is (10M)
𝑘
G(s)H(s) =
𝑠(𝑠+1)(𝑠+4)⋅
b. Explain the procedure for constructing root locus. (5M)

Q.3
a. Sketch the root locus of the system whose open loop transfer function is (10M)
𝑘
G(s)H(s) =
𝑠(𝑆2 +4𝑠+13)

b. Determine the stability (05M)


Q(s) = 𝑆 5 + 𝑆 4 + 2𝑆 3 + 2𝑆 2 + 3𝑠 + 5 = 0

OR
Q.4
a. Explain the different Frequency Domain Specifications of the control system. (8M)

b. Determine resonant Peak, resonant Frequency, gain crossover frequency, Phase Margin and bandwidth
for the system with closed loop transfer function.
2𝑠
G(S)= 2 (7M)
𝑠 +4𝑠+25
Sinhgad Technical Educational Society’s
RMD Sinhgad School of Engineering, Warje, Pune-58.
Department of Electronics and Telecommunication
(S.E. semester-II)
UNIT TEST- II
Control Systems (204192 )
Time: 1.00 hours Max. Marks-30
Date –

Instructions to the candidates


1) Solve Q.1 Or Q. 2, Solve Q.3 or Q.4.
2) Neat diagrams must be drawn wherever necessary.

Q1.
a. Sketch the root locus of the system whose open loop transfer function is (10M)
𝑘
G(s)H(s) =
𝑠(𝑠+1)(𝑠+4)⋅
b. Determine the stability (05M)
Q(s) = 𝑆 5 + 𝑆 4 + 2𝑆 3 + 2𝑆 2 + 3𝑠 + 5 = 0

OR
Q. 2
a. Consider a closed loop characteristics equation with (07M)
Q(s) = 𝑆 + 10𝑆 + 29𝑆 + 20𝑠 + 𝑘 = 0
4 3 2

Determine the range for k for stability, value of k and frequency of oscillations when system is
marginally stable.
b. Consider a system with characteristics equation with (08M)
Q(s) = 𝑆 + 3𝑆 + 5𝑆 + 9𝑆 + 8𝑆 + 6𝑠 + 4 = 0
6 5 4 3 2

and investigate stability.

Q.3
a. Sketch the root locus of the system whose open loop transfer function is (10M)
𝑘
G(s)H(s) =
𝑠(𝑆2 +4𝑠+13)

b. Explain the procedure for constructing root locus. (5M)

OR
Q.4
a. Explain the different Frequency Domain Specifications of the control system. (8M)

b. Determine resonant Peak, resonant Frequency, gain crossover frequency, Phase Margin and bandwidth
for the system with closed loop transfer function.
2𝑠
G(S)= 2 (7M)
𝑠 +4𝑠+25
Sinhgad Technical Educational Society’s
RMD Sinhgad School of Engineering, Warje, Pune-58.
Department of Electronics and Telecommunication
PRELIM [SEM-II]
Class: SE Time: 2 ½Hrs.
Marks:70 Subject: Control System(204192)

Instructions to Candidates:
1. Answer Q.1 OR Q.2, Q.3 OR Q.4, Q5 OR Q 06, Q7 OR Q 08
2. Neat diagrams should be drawn, 3. Assume suitable data where required.

(05M)
Q1. a) The characteristics equation of closed loop system is given as (08 M)
1+G(s)H(s) = 𝑆 6 + 2𝑆 5 + 8𝑆 4 + 12𝑆 3 + 20𝑆 2 + 16𝑠 + 16
Check the stability and determine number of closed loop pole lies in RHP plane.
b) A unity feedback system with open loop transfer function (10 M)
𝑘
𝐺(𝑠) = (𝑠+1)4
Plot root locus
OR
Q. 2 a) The characteristics equation of closed loop system is given as (08 M)
1+ G(s)H(s)= 𝑆 3 + 7𝑆 2 + 25𝑠 + 39 = 0
Determine the number of roots which are lying on left half side of 𝜎 = −1
b) Plot a root Locus for the system (10 M)

𝑘
𝐺(𝑠) = 𝑠(𝑆+4)(𝑆2+4𝑠+13) 0<k<∞
OR
Q.3 a) Construct Nyquist plot and find Phase crossover frequency and gain margin if : (9M)

𝑘
𝐺(𝑠)𝐻(𝑠) = 𝑆(𝑆+1)(𝑆+2) Also comment 0n stability.

b) State the limitations of frequency domain approach. (8M)

OR
Q.4 Draw Bode plot of the system with open loop transfer function: (9M)
20(𝑆+5)
𝑮(𝑠)𝐻(𝑠) =
𝑠(𝑆+10)

And determine gain margin, phase margin. Also, comment on stability.


b) State and explain the various frequency domain specifications. (8M)
Q.5 a) Obtain a state space representation in controllable and observable canonical form for the system.
𝑆+3
G(s) = 𝑆2 +3𝑆+2 (9M)

b) Determine the terms (9M)


i) State
ii) State-Variables
iii) State – Vector
iv) State Space

OR

Q.6 a) Find transfer function of (9M)

−5 −1 𝑥1 2
[ ] [ ] + [ ] r(t);
3 −1 𝑥2 5
𝑥1
y= [1 2] [ ]
𝑥2
0 1
b) Determine the state transition matrix of state equation X= [ ] x(t) (9M)
−8 −9

Q.7 a) State the characteristics of P, I, and D controllers. (9M)


b) What do you understand by Integral Reset in PID controller? Explain with suitable example. (8M)
OR
Q.8 a) Describe the Ziegler-Nichols method of process-control loop tuning. (9M)

b) In an application of the Ziegler-Nichols method, a process begins oscillation with a 30%


proportional band in an 11.5 min period. Find the nominal three mode controller settings. (8M)
Sinhgad Technical Educational Society’s
RMD Sinhgad School of Engineering, Warje, Pune-58. Department of
Electronics and Telecommunication
PRELIM [SEM-II]
Class: SE Time: 2 ½Hrs.
Marks:70 Subject: Control System (CS)
◼ -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Instructions to Candidates:
1. Answer Q.1 OR Q.2, Q.3 OR Q.4, Q5 OR Q 06, Q7 OR Q 08
2. Neat diagrams should be drawn, 3. Assume suitable data where required.

Q.1 a) Write a short note on the digital control system with the help of a suitable block [08]
diagram.
b) 𝑠+2 [06]
A unity feedback system has a forward path transfer function G(s)= 𝑠(𝑠+1).
Determine rise time, peak time, peak overshoot, settling time (2% tolerance), delay
time, output response to a unit step input.
c) Determine resonant peak (Mr) and resonant frequency (Wr) [06]
for the unity feedback system with open loop transfer function

OR
Q.2 a) Draw a Bode plot of the system with open loop transfer function: [08]

and determine the gain margin, and phase margin. Also, comment on stability.

b) Determine static error constant (k, kv, ka) and steady error [06]
for step input if the unity feedback system has open loop
transfer function :

Also, find k if steady-state error for step input is 0.8.


c) Write controller equations, transfer functions and draw block [06]
diagrams of PI and PD controllers.

Q.3 a) Sketch the root locus of the system with : [8] [08]

𝑠2 +3𝑠+3 [08]
A feedback system is having the closed loop transfer function: T(S)=
b) 𝑠3 +2𝑠2 +3𝑠+1
OR
Q.4 a) Draw the sketch of transient response of control system and explain all the transient response [08]
specifications.
b) Obtain the ladder diagram for the following Boolean expression without minimizing [08]
them:
𝑖) 𝑦 = 𝐴𝐵𝐶̅ + 𝐴̅𝐵𝐶 ii) 𝐴̅𝐵̅ 𝐶̅ + 𝐴𝐵̅ 𝐷

Sketch the nature of Nyquist plot for the system with [08]
Q.5 a) 𝑘
G(S)H(S) = on stability.
(𝑠+2)(𝑠 2 +4)

b) Obtain a state space representation in controllable and observable canonical form for the [08]
𝑆+3
system. T(s) =
𝑆 2 +3𝑆+2
OR
Q.6 a) 𝑐(𝑠) 25 [08]
A second order system is given by = .
𝑅(𝑆) 𝑠 2 +6𝑠+25
Find rise Time, peak time,peak overshoot and settling time if subjected to unit step input.

b) Sketch the root locus of the system with open loop transfer function: [08]
𝑘
G(s) H(s)=
𝑠(𝑠+4)(𝑠+6)
Q. 7 a) Draw the ladder diagram for EX-OR , NOR and NAND gates [08]
b) 0 1 [10]
Determine the state transition matrix of system with state equation x=[ ]x
−8 −6
OR
Q. 8 a) 2. Find the range of k for the system to be stable: [10]
1. Investigate the stability of system with characteristic equation

using Routh stability test. Also determine the number of poles in the right half of s-plane. n
𝑆 3 + 3𝑘𝑆 2 + (𝑘 + 3)𝑆 + 4 = 0
b) Write a short note on ‘PID Controller’ [08]

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Savitribai Phule Pune University
Second Year of Electronics / E & Tc Engineering (2019 Course)
204193: Principles of Communication Systems
Teaching Scheme: Credit Examination Scheme:
Theory: 03 hrs. / week 03 In-Sem (Theory): 30 Marks
End Sem (Theory): 70 Marks
Course Objectives:

 To equip/ familiarize students with basic mathematical tools for time and frequency domain analysis ofcommunication
signal and systems.

 To acquaint the students with the fundamental principles of modulation process and different amplitudeand angle
modulation systems.

 To introduce the students with the concept of Sampling theorem and pulse modulation techniques PAM,PWM, PPM.

 To impart pre-requisites of digital communication systems and explore digital representation techniqueslike PCM,
DPCM, DM and ADM.
 To highlight the issues in baseband digital transmission such as data representation, synchronization,multiplexing and
ISI.
Course Outcomes: On completion of the course, learner will be able to -

CO1: To compute & compare the bandwidth and transmission power requirements by analyzing time andfrequency
domain spectra of signal required for modulation schemes under study.

CO2: Describe and analyze the techniques of generation, transmission and reception of AmplitudeModulation
Systems.

CO3: Explain generation and detection of FM systems and compare with AM systems.

CO4: Exhibit the importance of Sampling Theorem and correlate with Pulse Modulation technique (PAM, PWM, and
PPM).

CO5: Characterize the quantization process and elaborate digital representation techniques (PCM, DPCM, DMand ADM).

CO6: Illustrate waveform coding, multiplexing and synchronization techniques and articulate theirimportance in
baseband digital transmission.

Course Contents
Unit I Signals & spectra (08 Hrs)
Introduction to Communication System, Analog and Digital messages, regenerative repeaters, Signal Bandwidth & Power. Size &
classification of signal, exponential Fourier series, concept of negative frequencies. Fourier transform and properties, Frequency
shifting, Concept of baseband and bandpass signals, Signal transmission through LTI system. Signal energy & Energy Spectral
density. Signal power &Power Spectral Density, Input and output PSD, PSD of modulated signal.
Unit II AM transmission & reception for signal tone (08 Hrs)
Need for frequency translation, Amplitude modulation (DSB-C), Double sideband Suppressed carrier (DSB-SC) modulation, Single
sideband modulation ( SSB), Vestigial Sideband modulation (VSB),Spectrum and Bandwidth of AM, DSB-SC, SSB & VSB,
Calculation of modulation index for AM
wave, Modulation index for more than one modulating signals, Power and power efficiency, AM reception
Unit III FM transmission & reception for signal tone (08 Hrs)
Phase Modulation (PM) and Frequency Modulation (FM), Relationship between Phase and Frequency Modulation, Modulation
Index, Spectrum of FM (single tone): Feature of Bessel Coefficient, Power of FM signal, Bandwidth of tone modulated FM signal,
modulation index : AM vs. FM, Spectrum of constant Bandwidth’ FM, Narrowband and Wideband FM.
FM Modulators and Demodulators: FM generation by Armstrong’s Indirect method, frequencymultiplication and application
to FM, FM demodulator.

Unit IV Pulse Modulation (06 Hrs)


Need of analog to digital conversion, sampling theorem for low pass signal in time domain, and Nyquist criteria, Types of sampling-
natural and flat top. Pulse amplitude modulation & concept of TDM: Channel bandwidth for PAM, equalization, Signal Recovery
through holding. Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) and
Pulse Position Modulation (PPM): Generation & Detection.
Unit V Digital Representation of Analog Signals (06 Hrs)
Quantization of Signals: Quantization error, Uniform & Non-Uniform types of Quantization, Mid-rise &Mid-tread
Quantizer.Companding: A-law & µ-law. Pulse Code Modulation system: Generation & Reconstruction, Differential Pulse
code modulation, DeltaModulation, Adaptive Delta Modulation
Unit VI Baseband Digital Transmission (06 Hrs)
Line codes: Properties and spectrum.Digital Multiplexing and hierarchies: T1, AT&T, E1, CCITT, Scrambling &
Unscrambling.Synchronization: Carrier Synchronization, Bit Synchronization and Frame Synchronization. Intersymbol
Interference, Equalization.
Learning Resources
Text Books:
1. Taub, Schilling and Saha, “Principles of Communication Systems”, McGraw-Hill, 4th Edition.
2. B P Lathi, Zhi Ding, “Modern Analog and Digital Communication System”, Oxford UniversityPress, 4th
Edition.
Reference Books:
1. Bernard Sklar and Prabitra Kumar Ray, “Digital Communications Fundamentals and Applications”,Pearson
Education 2nd Edition.
2. Wayne Tomasi, “Electronic Communications System”, Pearson Education, 5th Edition.

3. A.B Carlson, P B Crully and J C Rutledge, “Communication Systems”, Tata McGraw HillPublication, 5th
Edition.
4. Simon Haykin, “Communication Systems”,John Wiley & Sons, 4th Edition.
MOOC / NPTEL Course:
1. NPTEL Course “Principles of Communication Systems-I”
https://nptel.ac.in/courses/108/104/108104091/
Sinhgad Technical Education Society’s
RMD SINHGAD SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING, PUNE
Department of Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering
TEACHING PLAN
Academic Year: 2023-24(Semester: II)
Course Title: Principles of Subject Code: 204193 Class: SE Division:-------
Communication Systems
Term: II Date of commencement of classes: Date of conclusion of teaching:
8th Jan. 2024 19th April 2024
Examination Scheme
Lecture Practical/Tutor
Schedule: ial Schedule: Theory:100 M Term Work Practical Oral
3Hrs/ Week 2Hrs/Week In Sem:30 M (1 Hr)
End Sem:70(2Hrs.30 min.) 50M

Subject Mrs. Jyoti Previous 3 Years University 2020-21 2021-22 2022-23


Teacher Sangogi Result
100 45 69

Unit I : Signals & Spectra 8Hrs.


Syllabus: Introduction to Communication System, Analog and Digital messages, regenerative repeaters, Signal
Bandwidth & Power. Size & classification of signal, exponential Fourier series, concept of negative frequencies. Fourier
transform and properties, Frequency shifting, Concept of baseband and bandpass signals, Signal transmission through
LTI system. Signal energy & Energy Spectral density. Signal power &Power Spectral Density, Input and output PSD,
PSD of modulated signal.
PLAN ACTUAL
Lect. Reasons
Date Topics Date Topics covered for Deviation
No.
1 8.01.2024 Introduction to Communication
System, Analog and Digital
messages, regenerative repeaters,
2 9.01.2024 Signal Bandwidth & Power
3 12.01.2024 Size & classification of signal,
exponential Fourier series, concept
of negative frequencies
4 15.01.2024
Fourier transform and properties
5 16.01.2024 Frequency shifting, Concept of
baseband and bandpass signals,
Signal transmission through LTI
6 19.01.2024 Signal energy & Energy Spectral
density
7 22.01.2024 Signal power & Power Spectral
Density
8 29.01.2024 Input and output PSD, PSD of
modulated signal
Make up Classes

Contents Beyond syllabus


UNIT –II: AM transmission & reception for signal tone 8Hrs.
Syllabus: Need for frequency translation, Amplitude modulation (DSB-C), Double sideband Suppressed carrier (DSB-SC)
modulation, Single sideband modulation ( SSB), Vestigial Sideband modulation (VSB),Spectrum and Bandwidth of
AM, DSB-SC, SSB & VSB, Calculation of modulation index for AM
wave, Modulation index for more than one modulating signals, Power and power efficiency, AM reception
PLAN ACTUAL
Lect. Reasons
Date Topics Date Topics covered
No. for Deviation
1 30.01.2024 Need for frequency translation,
Amplitude modulation (DSB-C).
2 1.02.2024 Double sideband Suppressed carrier
(DSB-SC) modulation
3 5.02.2024
Single sideband modulation ( SSB)
4 6.02.2024 Vestigial Sideband modulation
(VSB), Spectrum and Bandwidth of
AM
5 9.02.2024 DSB-SC, SSB & VSB, Calculation
of modulation index for AM wave
6 12.02.2024 Modulation index for more than one
modulating signals
7 13.02.2024 Power and power efficiency and
examples .
8 16.02.2024 AM reception

Make up Classes

Contents Beyond syllabus


UNIT –III: FM transmission & reception for signal tone 6Hrs
Syllabus: Phase Modulation (PM) and Frequency Modulation (FM), Relationship between Phase and Frequency
Modulation, Modulation Index, Spectrum of FM (single tone): Feature of Bessel Coefficient, Power of FM signal,
Bandwidth of tone modulated FM signal, modulation index : AM vs. FM, Spectrum of constant Bandwidth’ FM,
Narrowband and Wideband FM.
FM Modulators and Demodulators: FM generation by Armstrong’s Indirect method, frequency multiplication and
application to FM, FM demodulator.
PLAN ACTUAL
Reasons
Lect.
Date Topics Date Topics covered for
No..
Deviation

1 4.03.2024 Phase Modulation (PM) and


Frequency Modulation (FM),
5.03.2024 Relationship between Phase and
2 Frequency Modulation,
Modulation Index
11.03.2024 Spectrum of FM (single tone):
3 Feature of Bessel Coefficient,
Power of FM signal
12.03.2024 Bandwidth of tone modulated FM
4 signal, modulation index : AM vs.
FM
15.03.2024 Spectrum of constant Bandwidth’
5 FM, Narrowband and Wideband
FM.
6 18.03.2024 FM Modulators and
Demodulators:
7 19.03.2024 FM generation by Armstrong’s
Indirect method
22.03.2024 Frequency multiplication and
8 application to FM, FM
demodulator
Make up Classes

Contents Beyond syllabus


UNIT –IV: Pulse Modulation 8Hrs.
Syllabus: Need of analog to digital conversion, sampling theorem for low pass signal in time domain, and Nyquist criteria,
Types of sampling- natural and flat top. Pulse amplitude modulation & concept of TDM: Channel bandwidth for PAM,
equalization, Signal Recovery through holding. Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) and Pulse Position Modulation
(PPM): Generation & Detection.
PLAN ACTUAL
Lect. Reasons
Date Topics Date Topics covered
No. for Deviation

1 26.03.2024 Need of analog to digital


conversion, sampling theorem for
low pass signal in time domain
2 1.04.2024
Nyquist criteria
3 2.04.2024 Types of sampling- natural and
flat top
4 8.04.2024 Pulse amplitude modulation &
concept of TDM
5 12.04.2024 Channel bandwidth for PAM,
equalization
6 13.04.2024 PWM and Pulse Position
Modulation (PPM): Generation &
Detection.
Make up Classes

Contents Beyond syllabus


UNIT –V: Digital Representation of Analog Signals 6Hrs
Syllabus: Quantization of Signals: Quantization error, Uniform & Non-Uniform types of Quantization, Mid-rise
&Mid-tread
Quantizer. Companding : A-law & µ-law. Pulse Code Modulation system: Generation & Reconstruction, Differential
Pulsecode modulation, Delta Modulation, Adaptive Delta Modulation
PLAN ACTUAL
Lect. Reasons
Date Topics Date Topics covered
No. for Deviation

1 14.04.2024 Quantization of Signals:


Quantization error, Uniform &
Non-Uniform types of
Quantization
2 15.04.2024 Mid-rise & Mid-tread Quantizer

3 16.04.2024 Companding: A-law & μ-law.

4 19.04.2024 Pulse Code Modulation system


Generation & Reconstruction
5 13.04.2024 Pulse Code Modulation system
Generation & Reconstruction
6 13.04.2024 Differential Pulse code
modulation
Make up Classes

Contents Beyond syllabus


UNIT –VI: Baseband Digital Transmission 6Hrs.
Syllabus: Line codes: Properties and spectrum. Digital Multiplexing and hierarchies: T1, AT&T, E1, CCITT,
Scrambling & Unscrambling. Synchronization: Carrier Synchronization, Bit Synchronization and Frame
Synchronization. Intersymbol Interference, Equalization.
PLAN ACTUAL
Lect. Reasons
Date Topics Date Topics covered
No. for Deviation

1 15.04.2024 Line codes: Properties and


spectrum
2 16.04.2024 Digital Multiplexing and
hierarchies: T1
3 17.04.2024 Synchronization: Carrier
Synchronization
4 18.04.2024 Bit Synchronization

5 19.04.2024 Frame Synchronization

6 19.04.2024
Interference, Equalization.
Make up Classes

Contents Beyond syllabus


DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

QUESTION BANK

SUB: Principles of Communication Systems COURSE: SE (2019 Pattern)

THEORY QUESTIONS BANK

Unit I : Signals & Spectra

Q.1 Explain with example classification of signals.

Q.2 Explain Fourier transform properties like Frequency shifting, Convolution, Time shifting.

Q.3 Determine whether signal is periodic or not.


1. x (t)= cos2 (2πt )
2. x (t)=e-2t u(t)
Q.4 What is means negative frequencies? Explain in details.

Q.5 Draw and explain concept of baseband and bandpass signals.

Q.6 Explain distortion less system.

Q.7 What are the requirements to be satisfied by an LTI system to provide distortion less
system.

Q.8 Compare between ESD and PSD.

Q.9 Find Whether the signal is power or energy signal. X(t)=(1/2)n u(n),
x (t)= cos( n/ 8). cos(n π/ 8)
Q.10 Find odd and even signal x[n]=u[n]-u[n-4]
Unit II: AM transmission & reception for signal tone

Q.1 Explain the generation of AM signals and state modulation.


Q.2 Explain the detection of AM signals using envelope detector and draw the spectrum pf
AM.
Q.3 Write a note on high level and low level transmitter.
Q.4
Draw block diagram and explain DSB SC with time and frequency domain spectrum.
Q.5
Draw block diagram and explain SSB with time and frequency domain spectrum.
Q.6
Draw block diagram and explain VSB with spectrum.Why VSB used in TV
transmission.
Q.7
Draw and explain super heterodyne receiver.
Q.8
Compare high level modulation and low level modulation.
Q.9
Draw block diagram and explain DSB SC with time and frequency domain spectrum.
Q.10 A modulating signal m(t)=10cos(2π×103t)) is amplitude modulated with a carrier
signal c(t)=50cos(2π×105t). Find the modulation index, the carrier power, and the
power required for transmitting AM wave.
Q.11 The equation of amplitude wave is given by s(t)=20[1+0.8cos(2π×10 3t)]cos(4π×105t).
Find the carrier power, the total sideband power, and the band width of AM wave.
Q.12 When a signal m(t) = 3 cos (2p x 103t ) modulates a carrier c(t) = 5 cos (p x 106t), find
the modulation index and transmission bandwidth if the modulation is AM.
Q.13 Explain balanced modulator with diagram and why it is used.
Q. 14 Explain Am detection techniques. Explain any one technique.
Unit III: FM transmission & reception for signal tone
Q.1 Draw and explain Foster-Seeley discriminator for FM demodulation
Q.2 Classify FM generation methods. Draw and explain Armstrong method
Q.3 In an FM system ,when the audio frequency is 800Hz and modulating voltage 5V, the deviation
produced is 5KHz. If the modulating voltage is now increased to 7V, calculate the new value of
frequency deviation produced. If the AF voltage is raised to 10V while the modulating frequency
dropped to 250Hz, what is the frequency deviation? Calculate the modulation index in each case.
Q.4 A 100 MHz carrier is frequency modulated by 6KHz sine wave . The resultant FM signal has a
frequency deviation of 60KHz.a) Find the carrier swing of the FM signal.
b) What are the highest and lowest frequencies attained by the frequency modulated signal
c) Calculate the modulated index for the wave.
Q.5 8 signals having a data rate 10 kbps are grouped together by means of time division multiplexing,
each unit consist of one bit. Calculate Transmission Rate of TDM, Duration of each time slot and
duration of one TDM frame.

Q.6 Discuss the parameter variation method of FM generation, Include the necessary mathematics.
Q.7 An FM wave is given by- S(t) = 20 Sin [6 X 108 t + 7 Sin 1250 t] Determine: (i) The carrier and
modulation frequency the modulation index and the maximum derivation. (ii) Power dissipated
by this FM in a 100Ω resister.
Q.8 Derive the expression for NBFM signal and give the block diagram for its output generation.
Q.9 Draw the circuit diagram of FM demodulate circuit. Explain the working of this circuit.
Q.10 A carrier wave of frequency 100 MHz modulated by a sinusoidal wave of amplitude 20 volts and
frequency 100KHz. The frequency sensitivity of the modulation is 25 KHz per volt. Determine the
approximate bandwidth at the FM signal, (i) Assuming that the amplitude of modulating
signal is doubled. (ii)Assuming that the modulation frequency is double.
Q.11 Draw circuit diagram and discuss balanced slop detector for FM Demodulation.
Q.12 What is pre-emphasis and de-emphasis? Explain with necessary diagrams.
Q.13 Compare AM and FM signal with minimum 8 points
Q.14 Explain the factors that affect the sensitivity and selectivity of a super heterodyne receiver.
Q.15 Briefly discuss about the frequency stability in FM Transmitter?
Q.16 With the aid of the block diagram explain TRF receiver. Also explain the basic super heterodyne
principle.
Q.17 Explain in detail FM detection using Phase lock loop(PLL)
Q.18 Explain in detail Slope detector and Balanced Slope detector
Unit IV: Pulse Modulation

Q.1 .Draw and explain PWM generation using IC555.State its applications.
Q.2 What is Nyquist criterion? State sampling theorem in time domain . Draw the spectrum aliasing
and guard band
Q.3 Explain different types of sampling.
Q.4 Write a short note on PAM TDM.
Q.5 With neat sketch explain the generation of PWM and PPM?
Q.6 Compare PAM, PWM and PPM systems
Q.7 Draw neat diagram for PAM, PPM AND PWM
Q.8 3 signals having a data rate 2 kbps are grouped together by means of time division multiplexing,
each unit consist of one bit.
Calculate Transmission Rate of TDM, Duration of each time slot and duration of one TDM
frame.
Q.9 Two signals g1(t) and g2(t) are to transmitted over a common channel by means of TDM. The
highest frequency of g1(t) is 1KHz and that of g2(t) is 1.3KHz. What is the permissible
sampling rate?
Q.10 Two low-pass signals of equal bandwidth are sampled and time division multiplexed using PAM.
The TDM signal is passed through a Low-pass filter & then transmitted over a channel with a
bandwidth of 10KHz.
What is maximum Sampling rate for each Channel?
Unit V: Digital Representation of Analog Signals

Q.1 Explain differential pulse code modulation.


Q.2 Draw the block diagram of PCM system and discuss each block.
Q.3 Explain Aperture Effect and Aliasing.
Q.4 Draw PCM transmitter and explain it. Also enlist the drawbacks of PCM.
Q.5 Explain delta modulation with diagram. State disadvantage of it.
Q.6 Draw and explain transmitter and receiver of pulse code modulation.
Q.7 Explain Adaptive delta modulation with diagram. State advantage of it.
Q.8 Write a Difference Between PCM, DM, ADM and DPCM.
Q.9 What do you mean by quantization noise, Drive an expression to calculate quantization noise in a
PCM System?
Q.10 Write the mean square quantization error if the step size is S.
Q.11 What is quantization? Explain Steps in PCM.
Q.12 What is a mid tread quantizer and mid-rise quantizer?
Q.13 Explain A law and µ Law with diagram.
Unit VI:Baseband Digital Transmission

Q.1 Explain T1 carrier system and AT &T multiplexing hierarchy.


Q.2 For a sequence 1011001, sketch the waveform using data format Unipolar and Bipolar RZ and
NRZ signal
Q.3 Draw and explain Digital multiplexing.
Q.4 Explain with neat diagram Scrambling & Unscrambling.

Q.5 Comparison of various line codes for various parameters. 5.


Q.6 PSDs comparison with diagrams of Line codes
Q.7 Difference between Baseband and Passband Modulation
Q.8 Write a short note on equalizer.
Q.9
PCS Assignment I

Unit I : Signals & Spectra

Q.1 Exaplain with example classification of signals.

Q.2 Explain Fourier transform properties like Frequency shifting, Convolution, Time shifting.

Q.3 Draw and explain concept of baseband and bandpass signals.

Q.4 Explain distortionless system.

Q.5 What are the requirements to be satisfied by an LTI system to provide distortionless system.

Q.6 Compare between ESD and PSD.


PCS Assignment II
Unit II: AM transmission & reception for signal tone

Q.1 Draw block diagram and explain DSB SC with time and frequency domain spectrum.

Q.2 Draw block diagram and explain SSB with time and frequency domain spectrum.

Q.3 Draw block diagram and explain VSB with spectrum.Why VSB used in TV transmission.

Q.4 Draw and explain super heterodyne receiver.

Q.5 Compare high level modulation and low level modulation.

Q.6 Draw block diagram and explain DSB SC with time and frequency domain spectrum.
PCS Assignment III
Unit III: FM transmission & reception for signal tone

Q.1 Explain the methods of FM generation.

Q.2 Explain the relationship between PM and FM.

Q.3 Explain Narrow band FM and wideband FM with diagram.

Q.4 Explain different method of FM demodulations.

Q.5 Why Bessel function is required and draw the spectrum of FM.

Q.6 Expalin with diagram FM generation methods.


PCS Assignment IV
Unit IV: Pulse Modulation

Q.1 Draw and explain PWM generation using IC555.State its applications.

What is Nyquist criterion? State sampling theorem in time domain . Draw the spectrum aliasing
Q.2
and guard band

Q.3 Explain different types of sampling.

Q.4 Write a short note on PAM TDM.

Q.5 With neat sketch explain the generation of PWM and PPM?
PCS Assignment V
Unit V: Digital Representation of Analog Signals

Q.1 Explain Aperture Effect and Aliasing.

Q.2 Draw PCM transmitter and explain it. Also enlist the drawbacks of PCM.

Q.3 Explain delta modulation with diagram. State disadvantage of it.

Q.4 Explain Adaptive delta modulation with diagram. State advantage of it.

Q.5 Write a Difference Between PCM, DM, ADM and DPCM.

Q.6 What do you mean by quantization noise, Drive an expression to calculate quantization noise in a

PCM System?

Q.7 Explain A law and µ Law with diagram.


PCS Assignment VI
Unit VI:Baseband Digital Transmission

Q.1 Explain T1 carrier system and AT &T multiplexing hierarchy.

Q.2 For a sequence 11001101, sketch the waveform using data format Unipolar and Bipolar RZ and
NRZ signal

Q.3 Explain with neat diagram Scrambling & Unscrambling.

Q.4 PSDs comparison with diagrams of Line codes

Q.5 Difference between Baseband and Passband Modulation

Q.6 Write a short note on equalizer.


S.E.(E&TC ENGINEERING) SET A
UNIT TEST:1 [SEM-II]

Class: SE Time : 1 Hrs.


Marks:30 Subject: Principles of Communication Systems

Instructions to the candidates

1) Answer Q(1) or Q(2), Q(3) or Q(4)


2) Neat diagrams must be drawn wherever necessary.
3) Figures to the right indicate full marks.
4) Assume suitable data, if necessary

Q. 1 a) State and prove linearity property 5M


Determine whether signal are energy or power
b) 3. x (t)= cos(t) 5M
4. x (t)=rect(t) for t=-1 to 1
c) What is means negative frequencies? Explain in details. 5M
OR
Q. 2 a) Explain distortion less system. 5M
5M
d) What are the requirements to be satisfied by an LTI system to provide distortion 5M
less system.
Q. 3 a) Draw block diagram and explain SSB SC with time and frequency domain
5M
spectrum.
b) Draw and explain super heterodyne receiver. 5M
c) A modulating signal m(t)=15cos(2π×103t)) is amplitude modulated with a carrier
signal c(t)=60cos(2π×105t). Find the modulation index, the carrier power, and 5M
the power required for transmitting AM wave.
OR
5M
Q. 4 a) Draw block diagram and explain ISB with spectrum.
b) The equation of amplitude wave is given
by s(t)=20[1+0.8cos(2π×103t)] cos(4π×105t). Find the carrier power, the total 5M
sideband power, and the band width of AM wave.
c) Explain Am detection techniques. Explain any one technique. 5M
S.E.(E&TC ENGINEERING) SET B
UNIT TEST:1 [SEM-II]

Class: SE Time : 1 Hrs.


Marks:30 Subject: Principles of Communication Systems

Instructions to the candidates


1) Answer Q(1) or Q(2), Q(3) or Q(4)
2) Neat diagrams must be drawn wherever necessary.
3) Figures to the right indicate full marks.
4) Assume suitable data, if necessary

Q. 1 a) Compare is periodic or non periodic signal . 5M


1
b) Find odd and even signal x[n]=u[n]-u[n-4] 5M
c) Draw and explain concept of baseband and bandpass signals. 5M
Explain distortion less system.

Q. 2 a) What are the requirements to be satisfied by an LTI system to provide


distortion less system. 5M

b) Compare between ESD and PSD. 5M


c) Find Whether the signal is power or energy signal. X(t)=(1/2)n u(n),
5M
x (t)= cos( n/ 8). cos(n π/ 8)
Q. 3 a) Draw block diagram and explain ISB with time and frequency domain
5M
spectrum.
b) Write Am generation techniques( Explain any one in details). 5M
c) When a signal m(t) = 3 cos (2p x 103t ) modulates a carrier c(t) = 5 cos (p x
106t), find the modulation index and transmission bandwidth if the 5M
modulation is AM.

OR

Q. 4 a) Explain balanced modulator with diagram and why it is used. 5M


b) Explain Diode detector with diagram. 5M
c) Compare DSBSC, SSB, ISB and VSB 5M
S.E. (E&TC ENGINEERING)
UNITTEST-II [SEM-II] SETA
204193:-Principle of Communication Systems

Time:01hr. Date: / /2024 MaximumMarks:30


-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Instructions to Candidates:
1.Answer Q.1 OR Q.2,Q.3 OR Q.4 2.Neatdiagramsshould be drawn,
3.Figures in brackets indicate marks. 4.Use of non programmable calculator is allowed
5.Assume suitable data where required.
UNIT03AND 04

Q1. a] Draw the circuit diagram of FM demodulate circuit. Explain the working of this circuit. [08]

b] Draw and explain Armstrong method [07]

OR

Q2. a] In an FM system, when the audio frequency is 800Hz and modulating voltage 5V, the
deviation produced is 5KHz. If the modulating voltage is now increased to 7V, calculate
the new value of frequency deviation produced. If the AF voltage is raised to 10V while [08]
the modulating frequency dropped to 250Hz, what is the frequency deviation? Calculate
the modulation index in each case.

b] Draw and explain Foster-Seeley discriminator for FM demodulation [07]

Q3. a] Explain different types of sampling [08]

b] Explain sampling theorem [07]

OR

Q4. a] Explain Need of analog to digital conversion. [08]

b] Compare PAM, PWM,PPM. [07]


S.E. (E&TC ENGINEERING)
UNITTEST-II [SEM-II] SETB
204193:-Principle of Communication Systems

Time:01hr. Date: / /2024 MaximumMarks:30


-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Instructions to Candidates:
1.Answer Q.1ORQ.2,Q.3ORQ.4 2.Neat diagrams should be drawn.
3.Figures in brackets indicate marks. 4.Use of non programmable calculator is allowed
5.Assume suitable data where required.
UNIT03AND 04

Q1. a] Draw and explain PWM generation using IC555.State its applications. [08]

b] Explain in detail Slope detector and Balanced Slope detector [07]

OR

Q2. a] A 93.2 MHz carrier is frequency modulated by 5KHz sine wave . The resultant FM signal [08]
has a frequency deviation of 40KHz.
a) Find the carrier swing of the FM signal.
b) What are the highest and lowest frequencies attained by the frequency modulated
signal
c) Calculate the modulated index for the wave.

b] Explain FM detection method with diagram. [07]

Q3. a] Write a short note on PAM TDM. [08]

b] What is Nyquist criterion? State sampling theorem in time domain . Draw the spectrum aliasing [07]
and guard band

OR

Q4. a] Explain sampling process with diagram. [08]

b] Two low-pass signals of equal bandwidth are sampled and time division multiplexed
using PAM. The TDM signal is passed through a Low-pass filter & then transmitted over
a channel with a bandwidth of 10KHz. [07]
What is maximum Sampling rate for each Channel
S.E.(E&TC ENGINEERING) SET A
PRELIM [SEM-II]

Class: SE Time : 2 ½ Hrs.


Marks:70 Subject: Principles of Communication Systems

Instructions to the candidates

1) Answer Q(1) or Q(2), Q(3) or Q(4), Q(5) or Q(6), Q(7) or Q(8)


2) Neat diagrams must be drawn wherever necessary.
3) Figures to the right indicate full marks.
4) Assume suitable data, if necessary

Q.1 a) Explain in detail FM detection using Phase lock loop(PLL) 8M

b) 8 signals having a data rate 10 kbps are grouped together by means of time 9M
division multiplexing, each unit consist of one bit. Calculate Transmission
Rate of TDM, Duration of each time slot and duration of one TDM frame.
OR
Q.2 a) Explain in detail Slope detector and Balanced Slope detector 8M
b) A 93.2 MHz carrier is frequency modulated by 5KHz sine wave . The 9M
resultant FM signal has a frequency deviation of 40KHz.
a) Find the carrier swing of the FM signal.
b) What are the highest and lowest frequencies attained by the frequency
modulated signal
c) Calculate the modulated index for the wave.

Q.3 a) What is Nyquist criterion? State sampling theorem in time domain . Draw 8M
the spectrum aliasing and guard band.
b) Draw and explain PWM generation using IC555.State its applications. 9M
OR
Q.4 a) 4 signals having a data rate 5 kbps are grouped together by means of time 8M
division multiplexing, each unit consist of one bit. Calculate Transmission
Rate of TDM, Duration of each time slot and duration of one TDM frame.

b) Write a short note on PAM TDM. 9M

Q.5 a) Draw and explain transmitter and receiver of pulse code modulation. 8M
b) Explain delta modulation with diagram. State disadvantage of it. 9M
OR
Q.6 a) Explain Adaptive delta modulation with diagram. State advantage of it. 8M

b) Write a Difference Between PCM, DM, ADM and DPCM. 9M


Q.7 a) Explain T1 carrier system and AT &T multiplexing hierarchy. 9M
b) For a sequence 1011001, sketch the waveform using data format 10M
Unipolar and Bipolar RZ and NRZ signal
OR
Q.8 a) Draw and explain Digital multiplexing. 9M
b) Explain with neat diagram Scrambling & Unscrambling. 10M
S.E.(E&TC ENGINEERING)
PRELIM [SEM-II] SET B

Class: SE Time : 2 ½ Hrs.


Marks:70 Subject: Principles of Communication Systems

Instructions to the candidates

1) Answer Q(1) or Q(2), Q(3) or Q(4), Q(5) or Q(6), Q(7) or Q(8)


2) Neat diagrams must be drawn wherever necessary.
3) Figures to the right indicate full marks.
4) Assume suitable data, if necessary

Q.1 a) Explain the relationship between PM and FM. 8M


b) Explain in detail Slope detector and Balanced Slope detector 9M
OR
Q.2 a) An FM wave is given by- S(t) = 20 Sin [6 X 108 t + 7 Sin 1250 t] Determine: 8M
(i) The carrier and modulation frequency the modulation index and the
maximum derivation. (ii) Power dissipated by this FM in a 100Ω
resister.
b) Discuss the parameter variation method of FM generation, Include the 9M
necessary mathematics.
Q.3 a) Write a short note on PAM TDM. 8M

b) With neat sketch explain the generation of PWM and PPM? 9M


OR
Q.4 a) Compare PAM, PWM and PPM systems 8M

b) Two low-pass signals of equal bandwidth are sampled and time division 9M
multiplexed using PAM. The TDM signal is passed through a Low-pass
filter & then transmitted over a channel with a bandwidth of 10KHz.
What is maximum Sampling rate for each Channel?

Q.5 a) What do you mean by quantization noise, Drive an expression to calculate 8M


quantization noise in a PCM System?

b) Explain A law and µ Law with diagram. 9M

OR
Q.6 a) Explain Aperture Effect and Aliasing. 8M

b) Explain differential pulse code modulation. 9M


Q.7 a) Write a short note on equalizer. 9M
b) For a sequence 1101001, sketch the waveform using data format 10M
Unipolar and Bipolar RZ and NRZ signal
OR
Q.8 a) PSDs comparison with diagrams of Line codes 9M
b) Difference between Baseband and Passband Modulation 10M
Savitribai Phule Pune University
Second Year of Electronics / E & Tc Engineering (2019 Course)
204194: Object Oriented Programming
Teaching Scheme: Credit Examination Scheme:
Theory: 03 hrs. / week 03 In-Sem (Theory): 30 Marks
End Sem (Theory): 70 Marks
Prerequisite Courses, if any: --
Companion Course, if any: 204197 - Object Oriented Programming Lab

Course Objectives:

• Make the students familiar with basic concepts and techniques of object oriented programming in C++
To acquaint the students with the fundamental principles of modulation process and different amplitude
and angle modulation systems.
• Develop an ability to write programs in C++ for problem solving.

Course Outcomes: On completion of the course, learner will be able to -

CO1: Describe the principles of object oriented programming.

CO2: Apply the concepts of data encapsulation, inheritance in C++.

CO3: Understand Operator overloading and friend functions in C++.

CO4: Apply the concepts of classes, methods inheritance and polymorphism to write programs C++.

CO5: Apply Templates, Namespaces and Exception Handling concepts to write programs in C++.

CO6: Describe and use of File handling in C++.

Course Contents
Unit I Foundation of Object Oriented Programming (08 Hrs)
Introduction to procedural, modular, object-oriented and generic programming techniques, Limitations of
procedural programming, Need of object-oriented programming, fundamentals of object-oriented
programming: objects, classes, data members, methods, messages, data encapsulation, data abs traction and
information hiding, inheritance, polymorphism. Inline functions, Function overloading, call by value and
call by reference, return by reference, functions with default arguments, this pointer, illustrative Simple
C++ Programs. Dynamic initialization of variables, memory management operators, Member dereferencing
operators, operator precedence, typecast operators, Scope resolution operators, arrays.

Mapping of Course CO1: Describe the principles of object oriented programming.


Outcomes for Unit I
Unit II Classes & Objects (06 Hrs)
Defining class, Defining member functions, static data members, static member functions, private data
members, public member functions, arrays of objects, objects as function arguments.

Constructors and Destructors: types of constructors, handling of multiple constructors, destructors.


(Complex Class & String Class)

Mapping of Course CO2: Apply the concepts of data encapsulation, inheritance in C++.
Outcomes for Unit II

Unit III Operator Overloading (06 Hrs)


Fundamentals of Operator Overloading, Restrictions on Operators Overloading, Operator Functions as
Class Members vs. as Friend Functions, Overloading Unary Operators, Overloading Binary Operators,
Overloading of operators using friend functions.
Mapping of Course CO3: Understand Operator overloading and friend functions in C++.
Outcomes for Unit
III

Unit IV Inheritance & Polymorphism (06 Hrs)


Introduction to inheritance, base and derived classes, friend classes, types of inheritance, hybrid
inheritance, member access control, static class, multiple inheritance, ambiguity, virtual base class,
Introduction to polymorphism, pointers to objects, virtual functions, pure virtual functions, abstract base
class, Polymorphic class, virtual destructors, early and late binding, container classes, Contained classes,
Singleton class.
Mapping of Course CO4: Apply the concepts of classes, methods inheritance and
Outcomes for Unit IV polymorphism to write programs C++.

Unit V Templates, Namespaces and Exception handling (06 Hrs)


Templates: Introduction, Function template and class template, function overloading vs. function
templates

Namespaces: Introduction, Rules of namespaces

Exception handling: Introduction, basics of exception handling, exception handling mechanism, throwing
and catching mechanism, specifying exceptions, Multiple Exceptions, Exceptions with arguments C++
streams, stream classes, unformatted I/O, formatted I/O and I/O manipulators.

Mapping of Course CO5: Apply Templates, Namespaces and Exception Handling concepts to
Outcomes for Unit V write programs in C++.
Unit VI Working with files (06 Hrs)
Introduction, classes for file Stream Operations, opening and closing files, detecting End_Of_File (EOF) ,
modes f File Opening, file pointers and manipulators, updating file, error handling during file operations.

Mapping of Course CO6: Describe and use of File handling in C++.


Outcomes for Unit VI

Learning Resources
Text Books:
1. E Balagurusamy, “Programming with C++”, Tata McGraw Hill, 3rd Edition.
2. Herbert Schildt, “The Complete Reference C++”, 4th Edition.

Reference Books:
1. Robert Lafore, “Object Oriented Programming in C++”, Sams Publishing, 4th Edition.

2. Matt Weisfeld, “The Object-Oriented Thought Process”, Pearson Education.

MOOC / NPTEL Courses:


1. NPTEL Course “Programming in Java”

https://nptel.ac.in/courses/106/105/106105191/

2. NPTEL Course “Programming in C++”

https://nptel.ac.in/courses/106/105/106105151/

Other Resources:

1. Bjarne Stroustrup, “A Tour of C++”.


TEACHING PLAN
Academic Year: 2023-24(Semester: VII)
Course Title: Subject Code: Class: Division:
Object Oriented Programming 204194 S.E.
Term: I Date of commencement of classes: Date of conclusion of teaching:

Examination Scheme
Lecture Practical/Tutorial
Theory:100 M Term Work Practical Oral
Schedule: Schedule:
3Hrs/ Week 2Hrs/Week In Sem:30 M (1 Hr)
End Sem:70 (2Hrs.30 min.)
50 M

Subject Previous 3 Years University 2020-21 2021-22 2022-23


Ms. Rupali Patil
Teacher Result
100 100

UNIT – I: Introduction to C Programming


Syllabus: C Fundamentals: Constants, Variables and Keywords in C, Operators, Bitwise Operations, Decision Control
and Looping Statements. Arrays & Pointers: Arrays, Functions, Recursive Functions, Pointers, String Manipulations,
Structures, Union, Enumeration, MACROS. File Handling: File Operations- Open, Close, Read, Write and Append.

PLAN ACTUAL
Lect. Reasons
Date Topics Date Topics covered
No. for Deviation

1 8.01.2024 Introduction to procedural, modular, object-oriented


and generic programming techniques,
2 9.01.2024 Limitations of procedural programming, Need of
object-oriented programming, fundamentals of object-
oriented
programming: objects, classes, data members, methods,
messages, data encapsulation, data abstraction and
information hiding, inheritance, polymorphism
3 12.01.2024 Inline functions, Function overloading
4 15.01.2024 call by value and call by reference, return by reference,
functions with default arguments
5 16.01.2024 functions and pointers, function returning pointer,
pointer to function
6 19.01.2024 this pointer, illustrative Simple C++ Programs.
Dynamic initialization of variables,
7 22.01.2024 pointer to pointer, Dynamic memory management
8 29.01.2024 memory management operators, Member
dereferencing operators, operator precedence, typecast
operators, Scope resolution operators, arrays.

Make up Classes

Contents Beyond syllabus


UNIT –II: Searching and Sorting Algorithms
Syllabus: Algorithms: Analysis of Iterative and Recursive algorithms, Space & Time complexity, Asymptotic
notation- Big-O, Theta and Omega notations. Searching methods: Linear, Binary and Fibonacci Search. Sorting
methods: Bubble, Insertion, Selection, Merge, and Quick Sort.

PLAN ACTUAL
Lect. Reasons
Date Topics Date Topics covered
No. for Deviation

9 30.01.2024 Defining class, Defining member functions,

10 1.02.2024 static data members, static member


functions,
11 5.02.2024 private data members, public member
functions,
12 6.02.2024 Sorting methods: Bubble Sorting Time
complexity of sorting
13 9.02.2024 arrays of objects, objects as function
arguments.
14 12.02.2024 Constructors types of constructors,
handling of multiple constructors
destructors. (Complex Class & String Class)
Make up Classes

Contents Beyond syllabus


UNIT –III: Stack and Queue
Syllabus: Stack: Concept, Basic Stack operations, Array representation of stack, Stack as ADT, Stack Applications:
Reversing data, Arithmetic expressions conversion and evaluation. Queue: Concept, Queue operations, Array
representation of queue, Queue as ADT, Circular queue, Priority Queue, Applications of queue: Categorizing data,
Simulation of queue

PLAN ACTUAL
Reasons
Lect.
Date Topics Date Topics covered for
No..
Deviation

13.02.2024 Fundamentals of Operator Overloading,


Restrictions on Operators Overloading
16.02.2024 Operator Functions as Class Members vs.
as Friend Functions,
20/02/2024 Reversing data, Arithmetic expressions
conversion
21/02/2024 Overloading Unary Operators, Overloading
Binary Operators,
4/03/2024 Overloading of operators using friend
functions
5/03/2024 Operator overloading and friend functions
in C++.

Make up Classes

Contents Beyond syllabus


UNIT –IV: Linked List
Syllabus: Concept of linked organization, Singly Linked List, Stack using linked list, Queue using linked list, Doubly
Linked List, Circular Linked List, Linked list as ADT. Representation and manipulations of polynomials using linked
list, comparison of sequential and linked organization.

PLAN ACTUAL
Lect. Reasons
Date Topics Date Topics covered
No. for Deviation

11.03.2024 Introduction to inheritance, base and


derived classes, friend classes,
12.03.2024 types of inheritance, hybrid inheritance,
member access control,
15.03.2024 static class, multiple inheritance,
ambiguity, virtual base class,
18.03.2024 Introduction to polymorphism, pointers to
objects, virtual functions, pure virtual
functions,
19.03.2024 abstract base class, Polymorphic class,
virtual destructors
22.03.2024 early and late binding, container classes,
Contained classes, Singleton class.
Make up Classes

Contents Beyond syllabus


UNIT –V: Trees
Syllabus: Introduction to trees: Basic Tree Concepts. Binary Trees: Concept & Terminologies, Representation of
Binary Tree in memory, Traversing a binary tree. Binary Search Trees (BST): Basic Concepts, BST operations,
Concept of Threaded Binary Search Tree AVL Tree: Basic concepts and rotations of a Tree.

PLAN ACTUAL
Lect. Reasons
Date Topics Date Topics covered
No. for Deviation

25.03.2024 Templates: Introduction, Function template


and class template,
26.03.2024 Introduction, classes for file Stream
Operations,
1.04.2024 opening and closing files, detecting
End_Of_File (EOF),
2.04.2024 modes f File Opening, file pointers and
manipulators,
8.04.2024 updating file, error handling during file
operations.
9.04.2024 use of File handling in C++. file
Stream Operations based program

Make up Classes

Contents Beyond syllabus


UNIT –VI: Graphs
Syllabus: Graph: Basic Concepts & terminology. Representation of graphs: Adjacency matrix, Adjacency list.
Operations on graph: Traversing a graph. Spanning trees: Minimum Spanning tree- Kruskal’s Algorithm, Prim’s
Algorithm and Dijkstra’s Shortest Path Algorithm.
PLAN ACTUAL
Lect. Reasons
Date Topics Date Topics covered
No. for Deviation

12.04.2024 Introduction, classes for file Stream


Operations,
13.04.2024 opening and closing files, detecting
End_Of_File (EOF),
14.04.2024 modes of File Opening, file pointers and
manipulators,
15.04.2024 updating file, error handling during file
operations.
16.04.2024 use of File handling in C++.

19.04.2024 file Stream Operations based program

Make up Classes

Contents Beyond syllabus


DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

QUESTION BANK

SUB: Object Oriented Programming(204194) COURSE: SE (2019 Pattern)

THEORY QUESTIONS

Unit I

1. Distinguish between the following terms:


a) Objects and classes

b) Data abstraction and data encapsulation

c) Inheritance and polymorphism

d) Dynamic binding and message passing

2. What are benefits of OOP?


3. Differentiate between Procedure oriented programming and Object oriented programming.
4. What is different object-oriented paradigm?
5. How to create reference variable in C++? Explain with example.
6. What are different applications of OOP
7. State and explain various C++ statements.
8. Write a short note on Functions in C++.
9. Write a program in C++ to use scope resolution operator.
10. What are different memory management operators?
Unit II
1. Explain classes and objects.
2. What are different methods for defining class functions?
3. Explain with a program :Nesting Member Function.
4. Write a short note on array of objects.
5. Explain parameterized constructor with example.
6. What is constructor and destructor?
7. What is operator overloading?
8. How to overload unary and binary operator?
9. How to define derived class? Explain with suitable example ?
10. Explain single and multilevel inheritance.
Unit III

1. What are the restrictions for operator overloading?


2. Write C++ program for overloading the greater than operator using the friend function.
3. Discuss the usage of the operators that cannot be overloaded in C++.
4. Explain with the help of example operator overloading for binary operator.
5. Write C++ program for overloading the unary minus operator
6. Give difference between class functions and friend functions.
7. What is the difference between unary operator overloading and binary operator overloading?
8. What is binary and unary operator overloading?
9. What is operator overloading explain binary operator overloading with example?
10. How operators are overloaded using friend function?
11. How can we use operator overloading with friend function explain with example?
Unit IV

1. Explain the concept of Inheritance in C++ with a suitable example. What are its types ?
2. What is virtual base class? Explain need of it with the help of example
3. What is polymorphism? Explain types of it.
4. What is pure virtual function? Give difference between virtual function and pure virtual function
5. What are different member access control? Explain their visibility for base class and derived class
6. Explain singleton class with example.
7. Which inheritance creates ambiguity? How can we resolve ambiguity
8. What are the limitations of multiple inheritance?
9. Does polymorphism use late binding?
10. What is polymorphism how is it related to early and late binding?
11. How are virtual functions implemented in C++? What is the advantage of virtual function ?
12. What is container classes explain with example? What are the different types of container
classes?
Unit V

1. Give difference between function overloading and function template


2. Explain use of using namespace std with proper rules mentioned for it.
3. Explain with the help of example how to handle exceptions.
4. Explain class template and function template with example
5. What is namespace explain with example?
6. Which operator is used for accessing a member of namespace?
7. What should be the location of "using namespace std;" in c++ code?
8. What is exception handling mechanism introduced in C++?
9. What is throwing and catching exceptions?
10. Can we use try and catch for exception handling?
11. What types can be thrown C++?
12. What does throw () mean in C++?
Unit VI

1. Explain file open operations in various modes.


2. Write a program to copy contents of one file to other.
3. Hoe to detect end of file? Explain with example
4. What are various file errors flag? Explain purpose of it.
5. What are the classes for file stream operations?
6. What is opening and closing of file?
7. How does a file stream operation class work explain?
8. How do you check if you are at the end of a file in C++?
9. What is use of eof () in C++?
10. Which mode is used for opening a file for updating?
11. What are the modes to open a file?
12. What are file modes?
13. When a file is opened in read mode it?
14. Which are file manipulators in C++?
15. What is file pointer and their manipulation in C++?
16. What are error handling functions during I O operations?
17. What is file handling and what are the operations perform on file handling?
Assignments
Unit I

1. Distinguish between the following terms:


a) Procedure oriented and Object Oriented Programing

b) Objects and classes

c) Data abstraction and data encapsulation


d) Inheritance and polymorphism
e) Dynamic binding and message passing
2. Explain Inline function with example.
3. State and explain various C++ statements.
4. Write a program in C++ to use scope resolution operator.
5. What are different memory management operators?
6. How to make outside function inline.
Unit II
1. Explain classes and objects.
2. What is constructor and destructor?
3. How to overload unary and binary operator?
4. How to define derived class? Explain with suitable example ?
5. Explain single and multilevel inheritance.
Unit III
1. What are the restrictions for operator overloading?
2. Write C++ program for overloading the greater than operator using the friend function.
3. Discuss the usage of the operators that cannot be overloaded in C++.
4. Explain with the help of example operator overloading for binary operator.
5. How operators are overloaded using friend function?
6. How can we use operator overloading with friend function explain with example?
Unit IV
1. Explain the concept of Inheritance in C++ with a suitable example. What are its types ?
2. What is virtual base class? Explain need of it with the help of example
3. What is pure virtual function? Give difference between virtual function and pure virtual function
4. What is polymorphism how is it related to early and late binding?
5. How are virtual functions implemented in C++? What is the advantage of virtual function ?
6. What is container classes explain with example? What are the different types of container
classes?
Unit V

1. Give difference between function overloading and function template


2. Explain use of using namespace std with proper rules mentioned for it.
3. Explain with the help of example how to handle exceptions.
4. Explain class template and function template with example
5. Can we use try and catch for exception handling?
6. What does throw () mean in C++?
Unit VI
1. Explain file open operations in various modes.
2. Write a program to copy contents of one file to other.
3. Hoe to detect end of file? Explain with example
4. When a file is opened in read mode it?
5. Which are file manipulators in C++?
6. What is file handling and what are the operations perform on file handling?
S.E. (E&TC ENGINEERING)
Unit Test [SEM-I] SET A
204197 -Object Oriented Programming
Time:01 hr. Date: / /2024 Maximum Marks:30
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Instructions to Candidates:
1. Answer Q.1 OR Q.2, Q.3ORQ.4 2. Neat diagrams should be drawn,
3. Figures in brackets indicate marks. 4. Use of nonprogrammable calculator is allowed
5. Assume suitable data where required.
UNIT 01.02 AND 03

Q1. a] Distinguish between the following terms: Procedure oriented and Object [05]
Oriented Programing

b] Explain with a program call by value and call by reference and return by reference. [05]
OR
Q2. a] Explain briefly Scope resolution Operator with example. [06]
1. Reference variable

b] Explain function prototyping with a program. [04]

Q3. a] Explain with a program Inline function [05]

b] Explain the use of Reference variable. [05]


OR
Q4. a] What are different memory management operators? [05]

b] How to make outside function inline. [05]

Q5. a] Explain arrays of objects. [05]

b] With the help of example explain use of static member functions [05]
OR
Q6. a] Explain briefly handling of multiple constructors? [05]
b] How to use objects as function arguments [05]
S.E. (E&TC ENGINEERING)

Unit Test [SEM-I] SET B


204197: - Object Oriented Programming
Time:01 hr. Date: / /2024 Maximum Marks:30

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Instructions to Candidates:
1. Answer Q.1 OR Q.2, Q.3ORQ.4, 2. Neat diagrams should be drawn,
3. Figures in brackets indicate marks. 4. Use of nonprogrammable calculator is allowed
5. Assume suitable data where required.
\

Q1. a] Distinguish between the following terms: [06]


a) Data abstraction and data encapsulation
b) Dynamic binding and message passing

b] Explain the this keyword. [04]

OR
Q2. a] Write a program in C++ to use scope resolution operator. [05]

b] What is different object-oriented paradigm? [05]

Q3. a] Write a short note on array of objects [05]

b] Explain with a program Nesting Member Function. [05]


OR
Q4. a] Distinguish between Objects and classes [05]

b] What is a constructor? Discuss its types with suitable examples [05]

Q5. a] Defining member functions, static data members, static member functions [05]
b] How to create String in Java? Explain with Suitable example [05]

OR
Q6. a] What are arrays of objects? Explain with example. [05]

b] How are objects used as function arguments explain with example? [05]
S.E. (E&TC ENGINEERING) SET A

Unit Test [SEM-II]


204197: - Object Oriented Programming
Time:01 hr. Date: / /2024 Maximum Marks:30

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Instructions to Candidates:
1. Answer Q.1 OR Q.2, Q.3ORQ.4, 2. Neat diagrams should be drawn,
3. Figures in brackets indicate marks. 4. Use of nonprogrammable calculator is allowed
5. Assume suitable data where required.
\

Q1. a] How operators are overloaded using friend function? [05]

b] What are the restrictions for operator overloading? [05]

c] Write C++ program for overloading the greater than operator using the friend [05]
function.
OR
Q2. a] Explain with the help of example operator overloading for binary operator. [05]

b] How can we use operator overloading with friend function explain with example? [05]

c] Differentiate Operator Functions as Class Members vs. as Friend Functions,

Q3. a] Explain the concept of Inheritance in C++ with a suitable example. What are its [05]
types?
b] Does polymorphism use late binding? [05]

c] What is container classes explain with example? What are the different types of
container classes?
OR
Q4. a] What is pure virtual function? Give difference between virtual function and pure [05]
virtual function
b] What is polymorphism? Explain types of it. [05]

c] Explain singleton class with example.


S.E. (E&TC ENGINEERING)
SET B
Unit Test [SEM-II]
204197: - Object Oriented Programming
Time:01 hr. Date: / /2024 Maximum Marks:30

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Instructions to Candidates:
1. Answer Q.1 OR Q.2, Q.3ORQ.4, 2. Neat diagrams should be drawn,
3. Figures in brackets indicate marks. 4. Use of nonprogrammable calculator is allowed
5. Assume suitable data where required.

Q1. a] What is binary and unary operator overloading? [05]

b] Give difference between class functions and friend functions. [05]

c] Write C++ program for overloading the greater than operator using the friend [05]
function.
OR
Q2. a] Explain with the help of example operator overloading for binary operator. [05]

b] How can we use operator overloading with friend function explain with example? [05]

c] What are the Restrictions on Operators Overloading

Q3. a] explain the concept of Inheritance in C++ with a suitable example. What are its [05]
types ?
b] Does polymorphism use late binding? [05]

c] What is container classes explain with example? What are the different types of
container classes?
OR
Q4. a] What is pure virtual function? Give difference between virtual function and pure [05]
virtual function
b] What is polymorphism? Explain types of it. [05]

c] Explain singleton class with example.


S.E. (E&TC ENGINEERING)
Object Oriented Programming SET A
Prelim [2023-24 SEM-II]
Time:2.5 hr. Date: Maximum Marks:70
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Instructions to Candidates:
1. Answer Q.1 OR Q.2, Q.3 OR Q.4,Q.5 OR Q.6, Q.7 OR Q.8

Q.1 a] Distinguish between the following terms: a) Objects and classes b) Data abstraction and data [08]
encapsulation
b] Explain with a program :Nesting Member Function. [06]
c] Explain with the help of example operator overloading for binary operator. [06]
OR
Q2 a] Write a program in C++ to use scope resolution operator [08]
b] What are restriction for operator overloading? [06]
c] Give difference between class functions and friend functions. [06]

Q3 a] Explain the concept of Inheritance in C++ with a suitable example. What [08]
are its types ?
b] What is virtual base class? Explain need of it with the help of example [06]
c] What is polymorphism? Explain types of it. [06]

OR
Q4 a] What is pure virtual function? Give difference between virtual function and pure [08]
virtual function
b] What are different member access control? Explain their visibility for base class and [06]
derived class
c] Explain singleton class with example. [06]
Q5.a] Give difference between function overloading and function template [08]

b] Explain use of using namespace std with proper rules mentioned for it. [07]
OR
Q6. a] Explain with the help of example how to handle exceptions. [08]
b] Explain class template and function template with example [07]

Q7. a] Explain file open operations in various modes. [08]


b] Write a program to copy contents of one file to other. [07]
OR
Q8. a] Hoe to detect end of file? Explain with example [08]
b] What are various file errors flag? Explain purpose of it. [07]
S.E. (E&TC ENGINEERING)
Object Oriented Programming SET B
Prelim [2023-24 SEM-II]
Time:2.5 hr. Date: Maximum Marks:70
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Instructions to Candidates:
1. Answer Q.1 OR Q.2, Q.3 OR Q.4,Q.5 OR Q.6, Q.7 OR Q.8

Q.1 a] Differentiate between Procedure oriented programming and Object oriented programming [08]

b] How to create reference variable in C++? Explain with example. [06]


c] Explain with the help of example operator overloading for binary operator. [06]
OR
Q2 a] What are different applications of OOP [08]
b] What are restriction for operator overloading? [06]
c] Which inheritance creates ambiguity? How can we resolve ambiguity [06]

Q3 a] Explain with the help of example operator overloading for binary operator. [08]

b] What is virtual base class? Explain need of it with the help of example [06]
c] What is polymorphism? Explain types of it. [06]

OR
Q4 a] What is pure virtual function? Give difference between virtual function and pure [08]
virtual function
b] How operators are overloaded using friend function? [06]

c] Explain singleton class with example. [06]


Q5.a] What types can be thrown C++? [08]

b] Explain classtemplate and function template with example [07]


OR
Q6. a] Explain with the help of example how to handle exceptions. [08]
b] What should be the location of "using namespace std;" in c++ code? [07]

Q7. a] What are the modes to open a file?. [08]


b] Write a program to copy contents of one file to other. [07]
OR
Q8. a] How do you check if you are at the end of a file in C++? [08]
b] What are error handling functions during I O operations? [07]

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