Ip BSS

IP BSS
GBSS12.0
Feature Parameter Description
Issue 01
Date 2010-06-30
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 2011. All rights reserved.
No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior
written consent of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Trademarks and Permissions
and other Huawei trademarks are trademarks of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
All other trademarks and trade names mentioned in this document are the property of their respective
holders.
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within the purchase scope or the usage scope. Unless otherwise specified in the contract, all statements,
information, and recommendations in this document are provided "AS IS" without warranties, guarantees or
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Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

Address: Huawei Industrial Base
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Website: http://www.huawei.com
Email: support@huawei.com
GSM BSS
IP BSS Contents
Contents
1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................1-1
1.1 Scope ............................................................................................................................................ 1-1
1.2 Intended Audience ........................................................................................................................ 1-1
1.3 Change History.............................................................................................................................. 1-1
2 Overview of IP BSS ..................................................................................................................2-1

3 Technical Description ..............................................................................................................3-1
3.1 Protocol Stacks.............................................................................................................................. 3-1
3.1.1 Protocol Stack on the A Interface ......................................................................................... 3-1
3.1.2 Protocol Stack on the Abis Interface..................................................................................... 3-1
3.1.3 Protocol Stack on the Gb Interface ....................................................................................... 3-2
3.1.4 Protocol Stack on the Ater Interface ..................................................................................... 3-3
3.2 Network Topologies ....................................................................................................................... 3-3
3.2.1 Network Topologies on the A Interface ................................................................................. 3-3
3.2.2 Network Topologies on the Abis Interface ............................................................................ 3-7
3.2.3 Network Topologies on the Gb Interface .............................................................................3-11
3.2.4 Network Topologies on the Ater Interface............................................................................3-11
4 Parameters .................................................................................................................................4-1
5 Counters ......................................................................................................................................5-1
6 Glossary ......................................................................................................................................6-1
7 Reference Documents .............................................................................................................7-1
Issue 01 (2010-06-30) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential i

Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd
GSM BSS
IP BSS 1 Introduction
1 Introduction
1.1 Scope
This document describes the protocol stacks and network topologies on the BSS-related interfaces.
1.2 Intended Audience

This document is intended for:
 Personnel who need to understand IP BSS
 Personnel who work with Huawei products
1.3 Change History

This section provides information on the changes in different document versions.
There are two types of changes, which are defined as follows:
 Feature change: refers to the change in the IP BSS feature of a specific product version.
 Editorial change: refers to the change in wording or the addition of the information that was not
described in the earlier version.
Document Issues
The document issues are as follows:
 01 (2010-06-30)
 Draft (2010-03-30)
01 (2010-06-30)
This is the first release of GBSS12.0.
Compared with issue draft (2010-03-30) of GBSS12.0, issue 01 (2010-06-30) of GBSS12.0 has no
change.
Draft (2010-03-30)
This is the draft release of GBSS12.0.
Issue 01 (2010-06-30) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 1-1

GSM BSS
IP BSS 2 Overview of IP BSS
2 Overview of IP BSS
IP BSS is a radio transmission solution with which the signaling and traffic signals on the A, Abis, Gb,
and Ater interfaces are transmitted by using IP technology.
IP BSS has the following advantages:
 The major advantages of IP transmission are high bandwidth and low cost, thus making it easy for
telecom operators to introduce new services as required.
 IP transmission caters to the requirements of high-bandwidth data services and keeps pace with the
evolution to fixed-mobile convergence (FMC) and all-IP, thus reducing the cost of network evolution.
 Both the transport network and the operation and maintenance (OM) network of signaling and traffic
signals adopt IP transmission. Thus, the network OM cost is reduced.
 The packet switching technique of the IP network is used to multiplex transmission resources.
Compared with TDM transmission, IP transmission utilizes the transmission resources more effectively
and helps reduce the capital expenditure (CAPEX) and operating expense (OPEX) of the bearer
network.
 After IP transmission is applied on the interfaces, resource pool can be implemented in the MSC,
SGSN, and BSC, thus improving the network reliability and enhancing the telecom operator's brand
recognition. The network element (NE) resources in the pool are shared. This increases the NE usage,
reduces the telecom operator's investment in the MSC, SGSN, and BSC, and facilitates the
configuration and OM.
 After IP transmission is applied on the A interface, the MGW takes over the TC function, which was
performed by the BSC earlier. IP transmission performs voice coding/decoding one time less than
TDM transmission. After TrFO is introduced, IP transmission performs voice coding/decoding two
times less than TDM transmission. A over IP maintains pace with the trend of GSM/UMTS
convergence.
 IP BSS keeps pace with the trend towards common transmission and bearer of the 2G and 3G
networks.
The extensive use of IP technology has made the IP equipment affordable and the IP bandwidth easily
accessible. The implementation of IP BSS maintains pace with the trend towards flat network, thus
reducing the network construction cost and facilitating the network maintenance. Figure 2-1 shows the
network topology of IP BSS.

GSM BSS
Figure 2-1 Network topology of IP BSS
IP backbone bearer network

Backbone layer AR AR
MSC server HLR

CE
PE
PE
PE
Local IP bearer
Convergence layer
network
BSC
PE PE
SGSN MGW
Carrier-class Ethernet Carrier-class Ethernet

transport network transport network
Access layer
BTS BTS BTS BTS

AR: Access Router MGW: Media Gateway
CE: Customer Edge SGSN: Serving GPRS Support Node
PE: Provider Edge BSC: Base Station Controller
HLR: Home Location Register BTS: Base Transceiver Station
According to the interface, IP BSS is classified into the following:

 A over IP
In A over IP mode, signaling and speech signals are transmitted over the A interface by using the IP
technology. On the A interface, the signaling plane uses the SCCP/M3UA/SCTP/IP protocol stack and
the user plane uses the RTP/UDP/IP protocol stack for transmission. The function of transcoding from
TRAU to PCM is taken over by the MGW from the TCS.
 Abis over IP
In Abis over IP mode, signaling and speech signals are transmitted over the Abis interface by using the
IP technology. On the Abis interface, the signaling plane uses the LAPD over UDP/IP protocol stack
and the user plane uses the PTRAU over UDP/IP protocol stack for transmission.
 Gb over IP
In Gb over IP mode, signaling and PS signals are transmitted over the Gb interface by using IP
technology. The BSSGP/NS/UDP/IP protocol stack is used on the Gb interface for transmission.
 Ater over IP
In Ater over IP mode, speech signals are transmitted over the Ater interface by using the IP technology.
On the Ater interface, the user plane uses IP over PPP for transmission, and the signaling plane uses
the traditional TDM mode for transmission.

GSM BSS
According to the network planning, different network topologies are applied on the interfaces to meet the
actual requirements. The active/standby, load sharing, and link detection mechanisms are adopted to
ensure the networking reliability. In addition, various QoS mechanisms are employed to achieve high
QoS in IP transmission.

GSM BSS
IP BSS 3 Technical Description
3 Technical Description
3.1 Protocol Stacks
3.1.1 Protocol Stack on the A Interface
A over IP supports two transmission modes: IP over FE/GE and IP over E1/T1/Ch-STM-1. The IP
protocol version adopted is IPv4. (GBFD-118602 A over IP, GBFD-118622 A IP over E1/T1)
On the A interface, the signaling plane uses the M3UA/SCTP/IP protocol stack to carry signaling, and the
user plane uses the RTP/UDP/IP protocol stack to carry speech signals, as shown in Figure 3-1.
Figure 3-1 Protocol stack for A over IP
Signaling plane protocol stack
User plane protocol stack
BSC MSC server
BSSMAP BSSMAP BSC MGW
SCCP SCCP Voice Voice
M 3 UA M 3 UA RTP RTP
SCTP SCTP UDP UDP
IP IP IP IP
MAC/PPP/MP MAC/PPP/MP MAC/PPP/MP MAC/PPP/MP
FE/GE, FE/GE, FE/GE, FE/GE,

E1/T1/Ch-STM-1 E1/T1/Ch-STM-1 E1/T1/Ch-STM-1 E1/T1/Ch-STM-1
A interface A interface
3.1.2 Protocol Stack on the Abis Interface

Abis over IP supports two transmission modes: IP over FE/GE and IP over E1/T1/Ch-STM-1. The IP
protocol version adopted is IPv4. (GBFD-118601 Abis over IP, GBFD-118611 Abis IP over E1/T1)
After Abis over IP is applied, the signaling plane uses the LAPD over UDP/IP protocol stack to carry
signaling and the user plane uses the PTRAU over UDP/IP protocol stack to carry speech signals, as
shown in Figure 3-2.

GSM BSS
Figure 3-2 Protocol stack for Abis over IP

Signaling plane protocol stack User plane protocol stack
BTS BSC
OML/RSL OML/RSL/E
/ESL/EML SL/EML BTS BSC
LAPD LAPD PTRAU PTRAU
UDP UDP UDP UDP
IP IP IP IP
MAC/PPP/MP MAC/PPP/MP MAC/PPP/MP MAC/PPP/MP
FE/GE, E1/T1, FE/GE, E1/T1,

FE/GE, E1/T1 FE/GE, E1/T1
Ch-STM-1 Ch-STM-1
Abis interface Abis interface
3.1.3 Protocol Stack on the Gb Interface

Gb over IP supports only IP over FE/GE and does not support IP over E1/T1/Ch-STM-1. The IP protocol
version adopted is IPv4. (GBFD-118603 Gb over IP)
In Gb over IP, the physical layer uses the FE/GE transmission, the sub NS layer of the NS protocol
complies with the IP protocol, and the upper layer of the NS protocol complies with the BSSGP protocol,
as shown in Figure 3-3.
Figure 3-3 Protocol stack for Gb over IP
SGSN
BSC LLC
BSSGP BSSGP
NS NS
UDP UDP
IP IP
FE/GE FE/GE
Gb interface

GSM BSS
3.1.4 Protocol Stack on the Ater Interface

Ater over IP supports IP over PPP over E1/T1/Ch-STM-1 and does not support IP over FE/GE. The IP
protocol version adopted is IPv4.
Currently, the Huawei Ater interface supports IP over Ch-STM-1 and does not support IP over E1/T1.
In Ater over IP, the physical layer uses the Ch-STM-1 optical transmission, the user plane uses the
PTRAU/UDP/IP protocol stack, and the signaling plane uses the LAPD/HDLC/TDM protocol stack.
Figure 3-4 shows the protocol stack on the Ater interface.
Figure 3-4 Protocol stack on the Ater interface
User plane protocol stack
BM TC
Signaling plane protocol stack
PTRAU PTRAU
BM TC
OML, SL OML, SL UDP UDP
LAPD LAPD IP IP
HDLC HDLC PPP/MP PPP/ MP
Ch-STM-1 Ch-STM-1 Ch-STM-1 Ch-STM-1
Ater interface Ater interface
3.2 Network Topologies

3.2.1 Network Topologies on the A Interface
A over IP supports three network topologies: layer 2 network topology, layer 3 network topology, and
direct connection.
Layer 2 Network Topology

The layer 2 network topology is applicable only to the FE/GE transmission mode. Figure 3-5 shows the
layer 2 network topology (through switches).

GSM BSS
Figure 3-5 Layer 2 network topology
Physical link on Physical link on signaling

user plane plane and user plane
Physical link on
signaling plane Logical link on signaling plane
MSC Server
Switch
FE/GE
Layer2 Network
BSC Switch
Switch MGW
In the layer 2 network topology, it is recommended that the Ethernet ports work in active/standby mode
to ensure network reliability.
To configure the Ethernet ports to work in active/standby mode, enter the ADD ETHREDPORT
command, and then specify SRN, CIUSLOTNO, and E1PORT for both the active and standby boards.
The layer 2 network topology has the following advantages:
 Provides a large-capacity bandwidth and a reliable transmission bearer
 Meets the requirements for the bearer network in the future GSM evolution
 Reduces the impact of data burst on the network
 Supports flexible networking on a large scale
Layer 3 Network Topology

The layer 3 network topology is applicable only to the FE/GE transmission mode. Figure 3-6 shows the
layer 3 network topology (through routers).

GSM BSS
Figure 3-6 Layer 3 network topology
Physical link on Physical link on signaling

signaling plane plane and user plane
Logical link on Physical link on user plane

signaling plane
MSC server
Router
FE/GE
IP network
BSC Router
Router MGW
To save the FE/GE port resources and facilitate operation and maintenance (OM), the A interface board
supports multiple IP addresses on a single port. One FE/GE port can be configured with a maximum of
six IP addresses. This is mainly applicable to the layer 3 (IP layer) network topology. In this network
topology, the routers separate the signaling from the traffic data by transmitting them using different IP
addresses. Thus, the signaling and the traffic data are distributed to different virtual private networks
(VPNs) on the IP network, as shown in Figure 3-7.
Figure 3-7 Layer 3 (IP layer) network topology with multiple IP addresses on one port
Physical link on signaling plane and
Signaling plane VPN
user plane
User plane VPN Physical link on signaling plane
Logical link on signaling Physical link on user plane
BSC plane
Router MSC server
Signaling plane
A
VPN
interface Signaling plane IP1
board FE/GE
IP network
Router
User plane IP2 User plane
VPN
Router MGW
In the layer 3 network topology, it is recommended that the Ethernet ports work in active/standby mode
to ensure network reliability.
The layer 3 network topology has the following advantages:
 Provides a large-capacity bandwidth and a reliable transmission bearer
 Meets the requirements for the bearer network in future GSM evolution
 Reduces the impact of data burst on the network

GSM BSS
 Supports flexible networking on a large scale
Direct Connection
There are two direct connection scenarios: IP over FE/GE and IP over E1/T1/Ch-STM-1. In the case of
IP over E1/T1/Ch-STM-1, it is recommended that the BSC and the CN not be connected through routers.
Figure 3-8, Figure 3-9, and Figure 3-10 show the network topologies for direct connections.
Figure 3-8 Network topology for direct connection (IP over FE/GE)
Physical link on signaling plane

Physical link on signaling MSC Server
plane and user plane
Logical link on signaling
plane
FE/GE FE/GE
FE/GE
BSC MGW
Figure 3-9 Network topology for direct connection (IP over E1/T1/Ch-STM-1)

MSC server
Physical link on signaling
plane
IP over E1//T1/Ch- FE/GE

STM-1
BSC MGW
Figure 3-10 Network topology for direct connection through PDH/SDH network (IP over E1/T1/Ch-STM-1)

Physical link on signaling MSC server
plane
IP over
E1/T1/Ch-STM-1
PDH/SDH
IP over IP over
BSC E1/T1/Ch-STM-1 E1/T1/Ch-STM-1
MGW

GSM BSS
In the case of direct connection in IP over E1/T1/Ch-STM-1, it is recommended that the interface boards
work in active/standby mode to ensure network reliability.
The network topology for direct connection has the following advantages:
 High reliability, low network construction cost, and easy maintenance
 High QoS and easy-to-control call admission
3.2.2 Network Topologies on the Abis Interface

The network topologies for IP over FE/GE on the Abis interface support three transmission modes:
MSTP, layer 2/3 (IP) data network, and satellite/microwave link. In these transmission modes, the BSC
provides FE/GE ports and the BTS provides FE ports.
The network topologies for IP over E1/T1 on the Abis interface support cascaded and non-cascaded
BTSs. In the case of cascaded BTSs or non-cascaded BTSs, the BSC provides E1/T1 ports, and the
BTS provides E1/T1 ports.
The Abis interface supports IP over E1/T1/Ch-STM-1. Currently, the BTS does not support IP over Ch-STM-1; therefore,
only IP over E1/T1 is described in this document.
Network Topologies for IP over FE/GE

 MSTP-based network topology (see Figure 3-11)
Figure 3-11 MSTP-based network topology
FE/GE FE
MSTP
BSC Router Router

BTS
In the case of the MSTP-based network topology, it is recommended that the Ethernet ports work in
active/standby mode to ensure reliability.
This network topology has the following advantages:
− It is applicable to the network operators that have established an SDH or MSTP network.
− The BTS provides a transmission bandwidth of up to 100 Mbit/s over the FE port. This facilitates
BTS upgrade and capacity expansion and enables quick deployment of data services for the BTS.
− The VC trunk function provided by the MSTP network enables two VC trunk links to be established
between the BTS and the BSC, one transmitting real-time traffic data and the other transmitting
non-real-time traffic data.
 Network topologies based on layer 2 data network and layer 3 (IP layer) data network (see Figure 3-12
and Figure 3-13)

GSM BSS
Figure 3-12 Network topology based on layer 2 data network
Figure 3-13 Network topology based on layer 3 data network
In the case of the network topologies based on layer 2 data network and layer 3 data network, it is
recommended that the Ethernet ports work in active/standby mode to ensure reliability.
These two network topologies have the following advantages:
− The data network can provide large-capacity bandwidth and reliable transmission for the Abis
interface.
− The data network supports the evolution from the GSM network to the IP network.
 Satellite/Microwave-link-based network topology
In the case of the network topologies based on satellite/microwave links, it is recommended that the
Ethernet ports work in active/standby mode to ensure reliability.
− The star network topology of satellite earth stations (station + substation) can be used. In this
network topology, multiple BTSs can be connected to the BSC through one station, as shown in Figure
3-14.

GSM BSS
Figure 3-14 Satellite-link-based star network topology
FE
FE/GE
IP Network Satellite earth BTS
station
BSC Satellite earth

FE
station
Satellite earth BTS

station
− The mesh network topology of satellite earth stations can be used because it is flexible. See Figure
3-15.
Figure 3-15 Satellite-link-based mesh network topology
FE
FE/GE Satellite earth BTS

station
BSC Satellite earth

station FE
Satellite earth BTS

station
− The network topology of microwave stations can be used, as shown in Figure 3-16.
Figure 3-16 Microwave-link-based network topology
FE
FE/GE FE FE Microwave BTS

IP Network
site
BSC Microwave Microwave Microwave FE
station station station
Microwave BTS
station

GSM BSS
Network Topologies in IP over E1/T1

 Network topologies for non-cascaded BTSs
Figure 3-17 shows the network topology for IP over E1/T1 (direct connection between BTS and BSC).
When the BTS is connected to the BSC through the SDH/PDH network, they are regarded as directly
connected.
Figure 3-17 Network topology for IP over E1/T1 (direct connection between BTS and BSC)
Figure 3-18 shows the network topology for IP over E1/T1 (connection of BTS and BSC through a
router).
Figure 3-18 Network topology for IP over E1/T1 (connection of BTS and BSC through router)
In Abis over IP mode, it is recommended that the BTS connect to the BSC through FE ports. If the BTS
does not provide FE ports, it is recommended that the BTS be connected to the router through E1/T1
ports and then the router be connected to the BSC through FE/GE ports.
 Network topologies for cascaded BTSs
Figure 3-19 shows the network topology for cascaded BTSs.

GSM BSS
Figure 3-19 Network topology for IP over E1/T1
The PPP links are segmented between BTSs. The intermediate BTSs route and forward the traffic of
lower-level BTSs.
Currently, the hybrid cascading network topology of PPP and TDM is not supported.
3.2.3 Network Topologies on the Gb Interface

After Gb over IP is applied, the signals between the BSC and the SGSN are transmitted over the IP
network where routers are used to provide layer 3 routing services for the BSC and SGSN. As a result of
IP application, the bandwidth on the Gb interface increases and the OM cost decreases.
In the case of Gb over IP, it is recommended that the Ethernet ports work in active/standby mode to
ensure reliability. Figure 3-20 shows the network topology for Gb over IP.
Figure 3-20 Network topology for Gb over IP
FE/GE FE/GE
IP Network
BSC Router Router

SGSN
3.2.4 Network Topologies on the Ater Interface

Figure 3-21 shows the network topology for Ater over IP.

GSM BSS
Figure 3-21 Network topology for Ater over IP
Ater
Ch-STM-1
MPS/EPS TCS
IP over PPP
The speech services between the MPS/EPS and the TCS are transmitted through IP over PPP. The
SDH/PDH network continues to be the transport network in TDM mode. The signaling links and OM links
between the MPS/EPS and the TCS continue to be carried in TDM mode. After Ater over IP is applied,
the PPP compression and Ater Mux technologies are adopted, thus improving the bandwidth efficiency
and reducing the OM cost of transmission over the Ater interface.

GSM BSS
IP BSS 4 Parameters
4 Parameters
Table 4-1 Parameter description
Parameter NE MML Description
ID
CIUSLOTNO BSC6900 ADD Meaning: Slot number of the RNC
DXXCONNECT(Mandatory) board that is connected to the BTS
GUI Value Range: 0~27

Actual Value Range: 0~27
Unit: None
Default Value: None
E1PORT BSC6900 STR Meaning: Number of the E1 port. For
TRANSPERFTST(Mandatory) the BTS3012, BTS3012AE, BTS3012
II and the UTRP board in SRAN
BTSs, the number can be a value
from 0 to 7. For other BTSs, the
number can be a value from 0 to 3.

Unit: None
Default Value: None
SRN BSC6900 ADD PPPLNK(Mandatory) Meaning: Number of the subrack

Unit: None
Default Value: None

GSM BSS
IP BSS 5 Counters
5 Counters
For the counters, see the BSC6900 GSM Performance Counter Reference.

GSM BSS
IP BSS 6 Glossary
6 Glossary
For the acronyms, abbreviations, terms, and definitions, see the Glossary.

GSM BSS
IP BSS 7 Reference Documents
7 Reference Documents
[1] BSC6900 Feature List
[2] BSC6900 Optional Feature Description
[3] GBSS Reconfiguration Guide
[4] BSC6900 GSM Parameter Reference
[5] BSC6900 GSM MML Command Reference
[6] BSC6900 GSM Performance Counter Reference


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HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Trademarks and Permissions

Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

2 Overview of IP BSS ..................................................................................................................2-1

Issue 01 (2010-06-30) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential i

1.2 Intended Audience

1.3 Change History

Issue 01 (2010-06-30) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 1-1

Issue 01 (2010-06-30) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 2-1

Figure 2-1 Network topology of IP BSS

IP backbone bearer network

MSC server HLR

Carrier-class Ethernet Carrier-class Ethernet

BTS BTS BTS BTS

According to the interface, IP BSS is classified into the following:

Issue 01 (2010-06-30) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 2-2

Issue 01 (2010-06-30) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 2-3

BSSMAP BSSMAP BSC MGW

SCCP SCCP Voice Voice

SCTP SCTP UDP UDP

MAC/PPP/MP MAC/PPP/MP MAC/PPP/MP MAC/PPP/MP

FE/GE, FE/GE, FE/GE, FE/GE,

3.1.2 Protocol Stack on the Abis Interface

Issue 01 (2010-06-30) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 3-1

Figure 3-2 Protocol stack for Abis over IP

LAPD LAPD PTRAU PTRAU

UDP UDP UDP UDP

MAC/PPP/MP MAC/PPP/MP MAC/PPP/MP MAC/PPP/MP

FE/GE, E1/T1, FE/GE, E1/T1,

Abis interface Abis interface

3.1.3 Protocol Stack on the Gb Interface

Issue 01 (2010-06-30) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 3-2

3.1.4 Protocol Stack on the Ater Interface

User plane protocol stack

OML, SL OML, SL UDP UDP

HDLC HDLC PPP/MP PPP/ MP

Ch-STM-1 Ch-STM-1 Ch-STM-1 Ch-STM-1

Ater interface Ater interface

3.2 Network Topologies

Layer 2 Network Topology

Issue 01 (2010-06-30) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 3-3

Figure 3-5 Layer 2 network topology

Physical link on Physical link on signaling

Layer 3 Network Topology

Issue 01 (2010-06-30) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 3-4

Figure 3-6 Layer 3 network topology

Physical link on Physical link on signaling

Logical link on Physical link on user plane

Issue 01 (2010-06-30) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 3-5

 Supports flexible networking on a large scale

Physical link on signaling plane

Physical link on signaling plane

IP over E1//T1/Ch- FE/GE

Physical link on signaling plane

Issue 01 (2010-06-30) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 3-6

3.2.2 Network Topologies on the Abis Interface