1

Motion in a Straight Line

1. A man goes 10m towards North, then 20m towards east
then displacement is.

Y (y-axis)
Pinitial
10m R

20m
2
P (x-axis) 4. If a car covers th of the total distance with V1 speed
5
Sol. If we take east as x-axis and north as y-axis, then 3
displacement = 20 i + 10 j
and th distance with V2, then average speed is –
5
So, magnitude of displacement 2x 3x
5 5
= 202  10 2 = 10 5 = 22.5 m A
t1 t2
B
2. A body moves over one fourth of a circular arc in a
circle of radius r. The magnitude of distance travelled
Total Distance Travelled
Sol. Average speed =
and displacement will be – Total Time Taken

Y x x 5V1V2
= = =
B t1  t2  2  3 2V2  3V1
 x  x
5  5
X V1 V2
O A

5. The relation 3t = 3x + 6 describes the displacement of

Sol. Let particle starts from A, its position vector
 a particle in one direction where x is in meters and t in
rOA = r i seconds. The displacement, when velocity is zero, is
After one quarter position vector Sol. 3t = 3x + 6

rOB = r j or (3t – 6) = 3x
So, displacement = r j – r i  3x = (3t – 6)2 = (3t)2 + 62 – 2 × 3t × 6
 x = 3t2 – 12t + 12
Magnitude of displacement = r 2 dx d 2
and distance = one fourth of circumference V= = (3t – 12t + 12) = 6t – 12
dt dt
2r r If velocity = 0, then 6t – 12 = 0
= =
4 2  t = 2 second
3. The displacement of the point of the wheel initially in Hence at t = 2,
contact with the ground. When the wheel roles forward x = 3 (2)2 – 12 (2) + 12 = 0 meters
half a revolution will be (radius of th wheel is R). 6. The motion of a particle is described by the equation x
Sol. Horizontal distance covered by the wheel in half = a + bt2, where a = 15cm and b = 3cm. Its instantaneous
revolution = R. velocity at time 3 second will be –
So, the displacement of the point which was initially in Sol. x = a + bt2
contact with a ground.
dx
V = = 0 + 2bt
 R    2 R  dt
2 2
= =R 2  4
 2
2
At t = 3 second, V = 2 × 3 × 3 = 18 cm/sec Sol. S = 2t + 2t + 4
[ b = 3 cm] ds
7. A train has a speed of 60 km/hr for the first one hour and  Velocity (v) = = 4t + 2
dt
40 km/hr for the next half hour. Its average speed in km/
hr is – dv
and acceleration (a) = = 4(1) + 0 = 4 ms–2
1 dt
Sol. Total distance travelled = 60 × 1 + 40 × = 80 km 11. The position x of a particle varies with time t as x = at2 –
2
bt3. The acceleration of the particle will be zero at time t
1 3 equal to –
and total time taken = 1 hr + hr = hr..
2 2 Sol. x = at2 – bt3

80 d  x
 Average speed = 3 = 53.33 km/hr V = = 2at2 – 3bt3
dt
2
dv
8. A person complete half of its journey with speed V1 and and acceleration (a) = = 2a – 6bt
dt
rest half with speed V2. The average speed of the
when acceleration = 0
person is –
Sol. In this problem, total distance is divided into two equal 2a a
t= =
6b 3b
d d
 12. The displacement of the particle is given by y = a + bt
d1  d 2 2 2 + ct2 – dt4. The initial velocity and acceleration are –
part. So, Vavg = =
d1 d 2 d d Sol. y = a + bt + ct2 – dt4

V1 V2 2  2
V1 V2 dy
 Velocity (V) = = 0 + b + 2ct – 4bt3
dt
2 2V1V2  initial velocity (t = 0), u = b + 2c (0) – 4b (0)3
 Vavg =  Vavg = u=b
1 1 V1  V2

V1 V2 dv
Acceleration (a) = = 0 + 0 + 2c – 12dt2
9. A car moving on a straight road covers and third of the dt
distance with 20 km/hr & rest with 60 km/hr. The average a = 2c – 12dt2
speed is –  initial acceleration (t = 0),
Sol. Let total distance travelled = x km a = 2c
and total time taken 13. The relation between time t and distance x is t = x + x,
where and are constants. The acceleration is (v is
x 2x
the velocity) –
t1 + t2 = 3 + 3 Sol. Differentiating time wrt distance,
20 60
dt
= 2x + 
x dx
 Average speed =
1 2 1
 x  x dx
3   3 v= =
dt 2x  
20 60
dv dv dx
1 So, acceleration (a) = = .
= = 36 km/hr dt dx dt
1 1
 dv v.2
60 180 =v = = – 2vV2
dx  2x   2
10. The displacement of a particle moving in a straight line
is given by, = – 2v3
S = 2t2 + 2t + 4, where S is in meters and t in seconds. 14. A particle is moving eastwards with velocity of 5 m/s. In
The acceleration of the particle is – 10 second, the velocity changes to 5 m/s northward.
 3
The average acceleration in this time is – 17. The position of a particle moving along the x-axis at
certain time is given below –
–V–1
t(s) 0 1 2 3
x(m) –2 0 6 16
V2 = 5m/s x
V Sol. Instantaneous velocity V = , by using the data from
90º t
V1 = 5m/s –1 table –

   0   2  60

Sol.  V = V2 – V1 V1 = = 2 m/s, V2 = = 6 m/s
t 1
V = V12  V22  2V1V2 cos 90º 16  6
and V3 = = 10 m/s.
–1
1
= 52  52 = 5 2 ms i.e. the speed at a constant rate so motion is uniformly
V 5 2 1 accelerated.
Average acceleration = = = ms–2 18. The displacement - time graph for two particles A and B
t 10 2
are straight lines inclined at angles of 30º and 60º with
towards northwest.
the time axis. The ratio of velocities of VA : VB is –
15. A body starts from the origin and moves along the x-
Sol. V = tan from displacement graph.
axis such that velocity at any instant is given by (4t–2t),
where t is in second and velocity is in m/s. What is the VA tan 30 1 1 1
So, = = = =
acceleration of the particle, when it is 2m from the origin ? VB tan 60 3 3 3 3
Sol. Given that v = 4t3 – 2t 3

x = vdt , x = t4 – t2 + C 19. From the displacement time graph. Find out velocity of
at t = 0, x = 0  C = 0 a moving body ?
When particle is 2m away from the origin. time(s)
2t4 – t2  t4 – t2 – 2 = 0
 (t2 – 2) (t2 + 1) = 0  t = 2 second.
dv d 3 30º
a= = (4t – 2t) = 12t2 – 2 O
dt dt
 a = 12t2 – 2 Sol. [V = tan ] – when angle is measured with time axis [V =
tan (90 – )] – when angle displacement (m) measured
 
2
for t = 2 second  a = 12 × 2 –2 with displacement axis.
So, velocity V = tan (90 – 30) = tan 60º
 a = 22 ms . –1

16. A body of mass 10 kg is moving with a constant velocity = 3 m/s.

of 10 ms–1. When a constant force acts for 4 second on 20. Figure. shows the displacement time graph of a body.
it, it moves with a velocity 2 m/sec in the opposite direction. What is the ratio of the speed in the first second and
The acceleration produced in it is – that in the next two seconds.
Sol. Let particles move towards east and by the application
x
of constant force it moves towards west.
 20
V1 = + 10 m/s and V2 = – 2m/s
  10
 Change in velocity V2  V1 O t
Acceleration, a = = 2 4 5
time t –10
2  10  12
a= = = – 3 ms–2. Total displacement
4 4 Sol. Average velocity =
Total time
 4

20   20    10  10 1
= = – 2 m/s. So, required fraction = = .
5 40 4
21. Figure shows the displacement time graph of a body. 24. The velocity time graph of a body moving in straight
What is the ratio of the speed in the first second and line is shown in the figure. The displacement & distance
that in the next two seconds. travelled by the body in 6 second are.

Y v (m/s)
A 8
4
Displacement

30 G H
2
20
10 2 4 6
0
C F I
0 X –2 t sec
1 2 3 D E
Time
Sol. Area of rectangle = ABCO = 4 × 2 = 8m
Sol. Speed in first second = 30 and speed in next two second
Area of rectangle CDEF = 2 × (– 2) = – 4m
= 15.
Area of rectangle FGHI = 2 × 2 = 4m
So, that ratio 2 : 1.
Displacement = sum of area with their sign
22. In the following graph, distance travelled by the body
= 8 + (– 4) + 4 = 8m
in metres is :
Distance = sum of area without sign
V(m/s) = 8 + 4 + 4 + 16m
25. The acceleration time graph of a body is shown below –
15
The most probable velocity - time graph of the body will
10
be –
5 a
X
0 10 20 30
time(s)

Sol. Distance = The area under v – t graph

t
1
S = (30 + 10) × 10 = 200 meters. Sol. From given a – t graph, acceleration is increasing at
2 constant rate.
23. For the velocity time graph shown in figure below the
da
distance covered by the body in last two seconds of its = k (constant)
motion is what fraction of the total distance covered by dt
it in all the seven seconds.  a = kt (by integration)
dv
V(m/s)  = kt  dv = kt dt
dt
B C kt 2
10   dv =  ktdt  v =
2
5
i.e. v is dependent on time parabolically and parabola is
A P Q D
5 t symmetric about v-axis & suddenly acceleration become
T 3
time(s) zero i.e. velocity becomes constant.

Sol. Distance covered in total 7 seconds V

= Area of trapezium AB
velocity
1
= (2 + 6) × 10 = 40 m
2
t
Distance covered in last 2 second Time
1
= area of triangle CDQ = × 2 × 10 = 10 m
2
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26. For a certain body, the velocity - time graph is shown in
1 2 t2
figure. The ratio of applied forces for intervals AB and ut = 50 + at = 50 +
2 2
BC is –

V
50 t
u= + ( a = 1 m/s2)
D
t 2
du
To, find the minimum value of u, = 0.
dt
A 30º 60º
So, we get t = 10 second, then u = 10 m/s.
Sol. Ratio of applied force = Ratio of acceleration 30. A car, moving with a speed of 50 km/hr, can be stopped
by brakes after at least 6m. If the same car is moving at a
1 speed of 100 km/hr, the minimum stopping distance is –
=
aVB
=
tan 30º
=
3 =–1 Sol. As v2 = u2 – 2as
aBC tan 120º   3 3
u2
27. Velocity-time graphs of two cars which starts from rest  0 = u2 – 2as S=
2a
at the same time ?
 S  u2 ( a = constant)
Velocity 2
S 2  u2   100  2
QA  S = u  = 
1  1   500 
QA  s2 = 4s1 = 4 × 6 = 24 m.
time 31. The velocity of a bullet is reduced from 200 m/s to 100
t
m/s while travelling through a wooden block of thickness
Sol. At a certain instant t slope of A is greater than B.
10 cm. The retardation, assuming it to be uniform will
(QA > QB), so acceleration in A is greater than B.
be –
28. A body a moves with a uniform acceleration a and zero
Sol. Given that, u = 200 m/s
initial velocity. Another body B, starts from the same
v = 100 m/s
point moves in the same direction with a constant
s = 0.1 m
velocity v. The two bodies meet after a time t. The value
u 2  v 2  200   100 
of t is – 2 2

Sol. Let they meet after time 't'. So, a = = = 15 × 104

2s 2  0.1
1 2 = 15 × 104 ms–2
Distance covered by body A = at ;
2 32. A body A starts from rest with an acceleration a1. After
1 2 2 seconds, another body B starts from rest with an
Distance covered by body B = vt and at = vt. acceleration a2. If they travel equal distances in the 5th
2
second, after the start of A, then the ratio a1 : a2 is equal
2v to –
t=
a
a
29. A student is standing at a distance of 50m from the bus. Sol. By using, Sn = u + (2n – 1),
2
As soon as the bus starts its motion with an acceleration
Distance travelled by body A in 5th second
of 1 ms–2, the student starts running towards the bus
with a uniform velocity u. Assuming the motion to be a1 a
=0+ (2 × 5 – 1) = a1
along a straight road, the minimum value of u, so that 2 2
the students is able to catch the bus is – Distance travelled by body B in 3rd second is
Sol. Let student will catch the bus after t second.
a2 5
So, it will cover distance ut. =0+ (2 × 3 – 1) = a2
2 2
1 2
Similarly, distance travelled by the bus will be at , for a 5
2 According to problem : a1 = a2
2 2
the given condition.
 6
S2 and S3 –
a1 5
 a =9 Sol. Since body starts from rest. Therefore,
2
1 25a
33. The average velocity of a body moving with uniform S1 = a (5)2 =
acceleration travelling a distance of 3.06m is 0.34 ms–1. 2 2
If the change in velocity of the body is 0.18 ms–1 during 1 100a
this time, its uniform acceleration is – S1 + S2 = a (10)2 =
2 2
Distance 100a a
Sol. Time =
Average Velocity  S2 = – S1 = 75
2 2
3.06 1 225
= = 9 second S1 + S2 + S3 = a (15)2 = a
0.34 2 2
Change in velocity 225a 125a
and Acceleration =
time  S3 = – S2 – S1 =
2 2
0.18 1 1
= = 0.02 ms–2. So, S1 = S2 = S3.
9 3 5
34. A particle travels 10m in first 5 second and 10m in next 3 36. The engine of a car produces acceleration 4 ms–2 in the
second. Assuming constant acceleration what is the car, if this car pulls another car of same mass, what will
distance travelled in next 2 second ? be the acceleration produced.
Sol. Let initial (t = 0) velocity of particle = u
1
for first 5 second of motion Sol. F = ma a if F = constant.
m
S5 = 10 metre
Since, the force is same and the effective mass of
So, by using,
system becomes double.
1 2
S = ut + at a2 m1 m
2
a1 = m2 = 2m
1
10 = 5u + a (5)2 a1
2  a2 = = 2 ms–1.
 2u + 5a = 4 .........(1) 2
For first 8 second of motion, S8 = 20 metres 37. A body starts from rest. What is the ratio of the distance
travelled by the body during the 4th and 3rd second.
1
20 = 8u +
2
a (8)2
S 4  2  4  1
Sol. Sn  (2n – 1)  =
 2u + 8a = 5 .......(2) S3  2  3  1
By solving (1) and (2),
S4 7
7 1  =
u = ms–1, a = ms–2 S3 5
6 3
38. If a body fall from rest in the gravitational field of the
Now, distance travelled by particle in total 10 second,
earth. The distance travelled in the fifth second of its
1 motion is (g = 10 m/s2).
S10 = u × 10 + a (10)2
2
g
By substituting the value of u and a, Sol. hn = (2n – 1)
2
We get S10 = 28.3 m.
So, the distance in last 2 second = S10 – S8 10
 h5th = (2 × 5 – 1) = 45 m.
= 28.3 – 20 = 8.3 m 2
35. A body travels for 15 second starting from rest with 39. If a body is thrown up with the velocity of 15 ms–1 then
constant acceleration. If it travels distances S1, S2 and maximum height attained by the body is (g = 10 ms–2) –
S3 in the first five seconds, second five seconds and
u 2 15 
2
next five seconds respectively. The relation between S1, Sol. Hmax = = = 11.25m
2 g 2  10
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40. If a ball is thrown vertically upwards with speed u, the
u2
distance covered during the last t seconds of its ascent height is H. Then H =
is –
2g
Sol. If ball is thrown with velocity u, H
When particle is at a height ,
u 2
then time of flight = . then its speed is 10 ms–1.
g
From equation, v2 = u2 – 2gh
u 
Velocity after   t  sec : H  2 u2
g  (10) = u – 2g 
2 2
 = u – 2g
 2 ug
u   u2 = 200
v = u –  t  = gt
g  u 2 200
So, distance in last 't' sec : 02 = (gt)2 – 2gh  Maximum height H = 2 g = = 10 m.
2  10
1 2 44. A stone is shot straight upward with a speed of 20 m/s
h = gt
2 from a tower 200 m high. The speed with which it strikes
41. A man drops a ball downside from the roof of a tower of the ground is approximately.
height 400 metres. At the same time another ball is thrown Sol. Speed of stone in a vertically upward direction is 20
upside with a velocity 50 meter/sec. from the surface of ms–1. So, for vertical downward motion we will consider
the tower, then they will meet at which height from the u = – 20 ms–1.
surface of the tower. v2 = u2 + 2gh = (– 20)2 + 2 × 10 × 200
Sol. Let both balls meet at point P after time t.  v = 65 ms.
1 2 45. A body freely falling from the rest has a velocity 'v' after
The distance travelled by ball A (h1) = gt .....(1) it falls through a height 'h'. The distance it has to fall
2
down for its velocity to become double, is –
1 2
The distance travelled by ball B (h2) = ut – gt .....(2) u=0
2 A
By additing (1) and (2),
h
h1 + h2 = ut = 400 (Given h = h1 +h2 = 400)
x
B V
400
t = = 8 second and h1 = 320 m, h2 = 80 m.
50
42. A very large number of balls are thrown vertically C 2V
upwards in quick succession in such a way that the next
Sol. Let at point A, initial velocity of body is equal to zero.
ball is thrown when the previous one is at the maximum
For path AB : v2 = o + 2gh ..............(1)
height. If the maximum height is 5 m, the number of ball
For path AC ; (2v)2 = o + 2gx
thrown per minute is (take g = 10 ms–2).
Sol. Max. height of ball = 5m,  4v2 = 2gx ..........(2)
Solving (1) and (2), x = 4h
Velocity of projection  u = 2gh = 2  10  5 46. A body sliding on a smooth inclined plane requires 4
–1 seconds to reach the bottom starting from rest at the
= 10 ms .
time interval between two balls (time of ascent) top. How much time does it take to cover one-fourth
distance starting from rest at top ?
u 1
= = 1 second = minute. 1 2
g 60 Sol. S = at t s ( a = constant)
So, no. of ball thrown per minute = 60. 2
43. A particle is thrown vertically upwards. If its velocity at
t2 s2 s 1
half of the maximum height is 10 m/s, then maximum
 = = 4 =
height attained by it is – Take g = 10ms–2. t1 s1 2
s
Sol. Let particle thrown with velocity u and its maximum
 8
t1 4 5
 t2 = = = 2 second height h = 5 – = 3.75m.
2 2 4
47. A stone dropped from a building of height h and it 50. A baloon is at a height of 81m and is ascending upwards
reaches after t seconds on earth. From the same building with a velocity of 12 m/s. A body of 2kg weight is dropped
if two stones are thrown (one upwards & other downwards) from it. If g = 10 ms–2, the body will reach the surface of
with the same velocity u and they reach the earth the earth in –
surface after t1 and t2 seconds respectively, then – Sol. As the baloon is going up we will take initial velocity of
1 2 falling body = – 12 m/s,
Sol. For first case of dropping h = gt height (h) = 81m
2
g = 10 ms–2
For second case of downward throwing
1 2
1 1 By using equation h = ut + gt
h = – ut1 + gt12 = gt2. 2
2 2
1
1  81 = – 12t + (10) t2
 – ut1 = g  t  t1 
2 2
.............(1) 2
2
 5t – 12t – 81 = 0
2
For third case of upward throwing h
1 1 12  144  1620 12  1764
= ut2 + gt 22 = gt2. t= =
2 2 10 10
= 5.4 seconds
1
 ut2 + g  t  t2 
2 2 51. A particle is dropped under gravity from rest from a
.............(2)
2
9h
On, solving these two equations height h (g = 9.8 ms–2) and it travels a distance in
25
t1 t  t1
2 2
the last second, the height h is –
– = 2 2  t = t1t2
t 2 t  t2 1 2
48. By which velocity a ball be projected vertically down- Sol. Distance travelled in n second = gn
2
ward so that the distance covered by it in 5th second is
twice the distance it covers in it 6th second (g = 10m/s2).
1 2
= gn = h ............(1)
Sol. By formula, 2
hn = u = g (2n – 1) g
Distance travelled in nth sec = (2n – 1)
 10 2
 hn = u –
10
[2 × 5 – 1] = 2 u   2  6  1
2  2  9h
= .........(2)
 u – 45 = 2 × (u – 55) 25
 u = 65 ms–1. Solving (1) and (2) we get, h = 122.5 m.
49. Water drops fall at regular intervals from a tap which is 52. A body is released from a great height and falls freely
5m above the ground. The third drop is leaving the tap towards the earth. Another body is released from the
at the instant the first drop touches the ground. How far same height exactly one second later. The separation
above the ground is the second drop at that instant – between the two bodies, two seconds after the release
Sol. Let the interval be t then from question of the second body is –
1 Sol. The separation between two bodies, two seconds after
For first drop g (2t)2 = 5 ............(1) the release of second body is given by :
2
1 1
1 2 g =  t1  t 2  = × 9.8 × (32 – 22) = 24.5 m
2 2
S=
For second drop x = gt .........(2) 2 2
2
53. An electron starting from rest has a velocity than increases
By solving (1) and (2),
linearly with the time that is v = kt, where k = 2m/s2. The
5 distance travelled in the first 3 seconds will be –
x= and hence required
4
 9
3 3 57. A particle starts from rest with uniform acceleration a.
t2 t2 
Sol. x =  vdt =  2tdt = 2   = 9m Its velocity after 'n' second is 'v'. The displacement of
t1
0  2 0 the body in the last two second is –
54. The acceleration of a particle is increasing linearly with Sol. Distance travelled in last 2 seconds.
time t as bt. The particle starts from the origin with an S2 = ut + at2 = 2a (n – 2) + 2a = 2a (n – 1)
initial velocity v0. The distance travelled by the particle v
in time t will be – and = a  S = 2 × (n – 1)
n
v2 t2 t2 58. A particle whose speed is 50 m/s moves along the line
Sol.  dv =  adt =   bt  dt
v1
from A (2, 1) to B (9, 25). Find its velocity vector in the

form of a i + b j .
t1 t1

t2
 bt 2 
 v2 – v 1 =   Sol. Position vector of point A = 2 i + j
 2 t
Position vector of point B = 9 i + 25 j
1


t
 bt 2 
 AB = (9 i + 25 j ) – (2 i + j ) = 7 i + 24 j
bt 2
 v2 = v1 +   = v +

0
 2 0 2
Unit vector in the direction of AB
bt 2 
 S =  v0 dt +  dt AB 7i  24 j
2  =  =
AB AB 25
1
 S = v0t + bt3 
6  = 14 i + 48 j
 V = 50 AB
55. The motion of a particle is described by the equation u 59. A clock has a minute hand 10cm long. Find the average
= at. The distance travelled by the particle in the first 4 velocity between 6 AM to 6:30 AM for the tip of minute
seconds. hand.
ds 12
Sol. u = at  = at
dt
4 4 10cm
t2  3
S= atdt 9
= a   = 8a.
0  2 0
56. A particle moves along a path ABCD as shown in the 6
figure. Then the magnitude of net displacement of the
particle from position A to D is : Displacement
Sol. Average velocity (vavg) =
time
5m D
37º
20 2
C = cm = cm/minute.
30 3
4m 60. A particle is moving in a circle of radius r with speed v
A as shown in the figure. The magnitude of change in
3m B
velocity in moving from P to Q is –
D Q
5m
3m
C 37º 40º
E 7m P
r
4m

A 3m B 4m
Sol. Velocity at P = V j
Sol. The displacement is
Velocity of Q = – V sin 40º i + V 40 j
 AF   FD 
2 2
= = 7  7 =7 2 m
2 2
 10
Magnitude of change in velocity = 2v sin 20º Sol. Velocity of Ist stone when passing at A 
61. A car starts from rest and moves with constant accel- v2 = 0 + 2 × 10 × 5
eration. The ratio of the distance covered in the nth v = 10 m/s
second to that covered in n second is – S1 – S2 = 20 m.
Sol. Distance covered in nth second is
 1  1 2
a  10  t  10  t 2  –   10  t  = 20
= (2n – 1) [ u = 0 ms–1]  2  2 
2  t = 2 second.
Distance covered in n second is
1
1 S2 = × 10 × 4 = 20 m
= an2 [ u = 0 ms–1] 2
2 Height of tower = 5 + 20 + 20 = 45 m.
a 65. For a particle moving in a straight line, the displacement
 2n  1 2 1 of the particle at time t is given by –
Ratio = 2 = – 2 S = t3 – 6t2 + 3t + 7
1 2 n n
an What is the velocity of the particle when its acceleration
2
is zero ?
62. A particle is moving with speed 6 m/s along the direction
 ds d 3 2
of A = 2 i + 2 j – k , find the velocity ? Sol. Velocity (v) = = (t – 6t + 3t + 7)
dt dt

Sol. Unit vector in the direction of A = 3t2 – 12t + 3

A 2i  2 j  k dv
 =  =
A
a=
dt
= 6t – 12 = 0
A 3
 t = 2 second

 = 4 i + 4 j – 2 k
 Velocity,, V = 6 A
Velocity at 2 second = 3 (2)2 – 12 × 2 + 3
= 12 – 24 + 3 = – 9 m/s.
63. Two bikes A and B starts from a point. A moves with
66. Displacement-time curve of a particle moving along a
uniform speed 40 m/s & B starts from rest with uniform
straight line is shown. Tangents at A and B make angles
acceleration 2 ms–2. If B starts at t = 0 and A starts from
45º & 135º with positive x-axis respectively. The average
the same point at t = 10 sec, then the time interval during
acceleration of the particle during t = 1, t = 2 second is –
the journey in which A was ahead of B is –
Sol. A will be ahead of B when XA > XB. meter X

1 135º
40 (t – 10) > (0) t + (2) t2 10m
2 45º B
A
as A is 10 second late than B.
 t2 – 40t + 400 < 0. t (second)
 (t – 20)2 < 0 O t=1 t=2
which is not possible. So, A will never be ahead at B. Sol. Average acceleration (aavg)
64. A stone is dropped from the top of a tower. When it has
fallen by 5 m from the top, another stone is dropped
 Slope of B   Slope of A 
=
from a point 25m below the top. If both stones reach the 1 Sec
ground at the same moment, then height of the tower 1  1
from ground is : (g = 10 ms–2). = = – 2 m/s2.
1
67. Two balls of equal masses are thrown upwards along
500 A the same vertical direction at an interval of 2 seconds,
20m with the same initial velocity of 40 m/s. Then these
B S1 collide at a height of – Take g = 10 ms–2.
S2
 11

V=0
1
t = 4s x2 = 20 – × 10 × 12 = 15 m
1s 2
1
x3 = 30 – × 10 × 12 = 25 m
1s 2
second ball So, x1 : x2 : x3 = 1 : 3 : 5.
t = 2s
70. A ball is thrown vertically upwards from the top of a
u = 40 ms –1 tower of height h with velocity v. The ball strikes the
ground after time.
Sol. u = 40 ms–1, g = 10 ms–2
Let t be time taken by the first ball to reach the highest A
V
point.
v = u – gt h
0 = 40 – 10t B

 t = 4 second.
After reaching the first ball at the highest point, now 1 2
Sol. For AB, S = ut + at
both the balls will collide after 1 second as both the 2
balls cover equal distances in opposite direction during g 2
1 second. – h = vt – t
2
Therefore, the height of collision point
= height gained by the second ball in 3 second. g 2
t – vt – h = 0
1 2
= 40 (3) – (10) (3)2
2 g
v  v2  4  h
= 120 – 45 = 75 m. 2 v  v 2  2 gh
68. A stone is thrown vertically upward with an initial speed t= g
=
2
g
u from the top of a tower, reaches the ground with a 2
speed 3u. The height of tower is –
v  2 gh 
t=
g 1  1  2 
u  v 
u
v  2 gh 
h t= 1  1  2 
g  v 
3u
[as time cannot be negative so we neglect it]
Sol. Let downward direction is taken as + ve
Initial velocity is – ve = – u v  2 gh 
t = 1  1  2 
 From the equation, g  v 
v2 – u2 = 2as
71. A particle moving along a straight line with a constant
(3v)2 – (u)2 = 2gh
acceleration of – 4 ms–2 passes through a point A on the
8u 2 4u 2 line with a velocity of + 8m/s at some moment. Find the
h= = distance travelled by the particle in 5 seconds after that
2g g
moment.
69. Three particles are projected upward with initial speed
Sol. Given, initial velocity = 8 ms–1
10 ms–1, and 30ms–1. The displacements covered by them
acceleration = – 4 m/s–1
in their last second of motion are x1, x2 and x3. Then –
Final velocity = 0 ms–1
Sol. Distance travelled by each particle in last second of
motion i.e. downwards is equal to the distance travelled  0 = 8 – 4t or t = 2 sec
displacement after 2 second
by it in first second of its motion i.e. upwards.
1 1
S1 = 8 × 2 + (– 4) × 22 = 8m.
x1 = 10 – × 10 × 12 = 5 m 2
2
 12
displacement in next 3 second
Net displacement S 2  S1
1 Vavg = =
time taken t2  t1
S2 = 0 × 3 + (– 4) × 32 = – 18m.
2 Here, t1= 0 second, S1 = 0 m, t2 = 10 second, g = 10 ms–2
distance travelled = |S1| + |S2| = 26 m.
1 2 1
Method 2 – S2 = ut2 + gt2 = 0 × 10 + × 10 × 102 = 500m
2 2
1 1
total distance =
2
× 2 × 8 + × 3 × 12 = 26 m
2 500  0
Vavg = = 50 ms–1.
10  0
8 75. A body of mass m moving along a straight line covers
5 half the distance with a speed of 2ms–1. The remaining
t
half of the distance is covered in two equal time intervals
with a speed of 3 ms–1 and 5 ms–1 respectively. The
12 average speed of the particle for the entire journey is –
Sol. Let 2s be the total distance travelled by the body. Let t1
72. A drunkard is walking along a straight road. He takes 5
be the time taken by the body to travel firest half of the
steps forward and 3 steps backward and so on. Each
distance.
step is 1m long and takes 1 second. There is a pit on the
road 11m away from the starting point. The drunkard S
 t1 =
will fall into the pit after – 2
Sol. In Ist 8 second, net distance = 2 m covered Let t2 be the time taken by the body for each time interval
In next 8 second, net distance = 2m covered for the remaining half journey.
In next 8 second, net distance = 2m covered S
So, after 24 second, drunkard is (11 – 6 = 5m)  S = 3t2 + 5t2 or t2 =
8
away from pit.
Now, he moves 5 steps (5m) forward and fall into pit. Total distance travelled
Average speed =
Total time taken = 24 + 5 = 29 second. Total time taken
73. Theparticlex of a particle varies with time t as x = 6 + 12t 8
2S 2S 2S
– 12t2, where x is inmetre and t in seconds. The distance = = = = ms–1.
t1  2t2 S S S S 3
travelled by the particle in first five second is –  2 
Sol. x = 6 + 12t – 2t2
2 8 2 4
At t = 0, x = x0 = 6m 76. Two car P and Q starts from a point at the same time in a
t = t1 = 1s, x = x1 = 6 + 12 × 1 – 2 × 1 = 16m straight line and their positions are represented by
t = t2 = 2s, x = x2 = 6 + 12 × 2 – 2 × 4 = 22m xp (t) = = (at + bt2)
t = t3 = 3s, x = x3 = 6 + 12 × 3 – 2 × 9 = 24m and xQ (t) = (ft – t2).
t = t4 = 4s, x = x4 = 6 + 12 × 4 – 2 × 16 = 22m At what time do the cars have the same velocity ?
t = t5 = 5s, x = x5 = 6 + 12 × 5 – 2 × 25 = 16m Sol. Position of the car P at any time t is
The distance travelled by the particle in first second is, dxP  t 
D1 = x1 – x0 = 10m. VP(t) = = a + 2bt
dt
The distance travelled by the particle in second is,
Similarly, for car Q,
D2 = x2 – x1 = 6m.
Similarly, D3 = 2m, D4 = 2m, D5 = 6m. dxQ  t 
VQ(t) = = f – 2t
The distance travelled by the particle in first five second dt
is
D = D1 + D2 + D3 + D4 + D5 + dxP  t  dxQ  t 
 VP (t) = VQ and =
= 10 m + 6m + 2m + 2m + 6m = 26m. dt dt
74. A body falls freely for 10 second. Its average velocity
f a
during this journey (take g = 10 ms–2.) t=
2 1  b 
Sol. Average velocity,
 13
77. A particle is travelling along a straight line OX. The 81. A train moves from rest with acceleration and in time
distance x (in metres) of the particle from O at a time t is t1 covers a distance x. It then decelerates to rest at
given by x =37 + 27t – t3 where t is time in seconds. The constant retardation for distance y in time t2. Then
distance of the particle from O when it comes to rest is –
Sol. Given : x =37 + 27t – t3
V0
dx d
Velocity v = = (37 + 27t – t3) = 27 – 3t2
dt dt
(180– )
It comes to rest v = 0
O t
 27 – 3t2 = 0  3t2 = 27 t1 t2
27 Sol. Slope of v – t graph = Acceleration
or t3 = =9 or t = 3s.
3 v0 v0
78. A motor boat covers a given distance in 6 hours moving = , =
t1 t2
downstream on a river. It covers the same distance in 10
hours moving upstream. The time it takes to cover the  t1
same distance in still water is –   =t
2
Sol. Let vw be the velocity of water and vb be the velocity of
Displacement = Area under v – t graph.
motorboat in still water. The distance x covered by the
motorboat in moving downstream in 6 hours is – 1 1
x = t ×v and y = t ×v
x = (vb + vw) × 6 ..........(1) 2 1 0 2 2 0
Same distance x covered by the motorboat in moving
x t1 
upstream in 10 hours is Hence, = = .
y t2 
x = (vb – vw) × 10 ..........(2)
Equating (1) and (2), we get 82. The displacement of a body is given to be proportional
to the cube of time elapsed. The magnitude of the
vb
(vb + vw) × 6 = (vb – vw) × 10 or vw = . acceleration of the body is proportional to –
4 Sol. Displacement (s)  t3 or s = kt3
 x = (vb + vw) × 6 = 7.5 vb
ds d 3
Time taken by the motorboat to cover the same distance velocity, v = = (kt ) = 3kt2
in still water is t dt dt

x 7.5 dv d
= = v = 7.5 hours. Acceleration, a = = (3kt2) = 6kt
vb vb b dt dt
83. At a certain time a particle has a speed of 18 ms–1 in
79. The distance travelled by an object along a straight line
positive x-direction and 2.4s later its speed was 30 ms–1
in time t is given by
in opposite direction. What is the magnitude of the
s = 3 – 4t + 5t2, the initial velocity of object.
average acceleration of the particle during the 2.4s
ds interval ?
Sol. v = = – 4 + 10t at t = 0, v = – 4 unit
dt Sol. Initial velocity () = 18 m/s
80. The position x of a particle wrt time t along x axis is Final velocity (v) = – 30 m/s
given by x = 9t2 – t3, where x is in metres & t in seconds. time interval (t) = 2.4 second
What will be the position of this particle when it achieves Using equation, v = u + at
maximum speed along the + x direction ? v  u 30  18
Sol. x = 9t2 – t3 a = = = – 20 ms–1.
t 2.4
dx d 2 3 |a| = 20 ms–2.
Speed, v = = (9t – t ) = 19t – 3t2
dt dt 84. The velocity of a particle is given by
dv v= 180  16x m/s. Its acceleration is –
For maximum speed, =0
dt Sol. v = 180  16x
or 18t – 3t2 = 0  18t = 3t2  t = 3 second
 v = 180 – 16x
 x = 9 (3)2 – (3)3 = (81 – 27)m = 54 m Integrating both side, we get
 14
dv dx dx d
2v = – 16 velocity, v = = (t + 5)–1 = – (t + 5)–2 ........(2)
dt dt dt dt
dv  dx  dv d
 2v
dt
= – 16v  v  dt  Acceleration, a = =
dt dt
[– (t + 5)–2] = 2 (t + 5)–3 .......(3)

From equation (2), we get

dv dv
=–8 Acceleration, a = =–8 v3/2 = – (t + 5)–3 .......(4)
dt dt Substituting this in equation (3), we get acceleration, a
ms–2. = 2x3 or a  (distance)3.
85. A particle starts from rest. Its acceleration at time t = 0 is 88. A particle moving along x-axis has acceleration f, at time
5 ms–2 which varies with time as shown in the figure. t, given by
The maximum speed of the particle will be –
 t 
a f = f0  1   , where f0 & T are constants. The particle
 T
5 m/s 2
at t = 0 has zero velocity. In the time interval between t =
0 and the instant when f = 0, the particles velocity (vx)
t is –
6s Sol. At time t = 0, velocity, v = 0 ms–1
Sol. Area under a – t graph gives the change in velocity
 t 
during given time interval. Acceleration, f = f0  1   , when f = 0,
 T
1
 Change in velocity = × 5 × 6 = 15 m/s  t 
2 0 = f0  1  
Since, initial velocity = 0 ms . –1  T
So, maximum speed of particle = 15 m/s. Since, f0 is a constant.
86. A particle moves in a straight line so that its displacement
t
xm in t second is given by x2 = t2 + 1. Its acceleration in 1 – =0 or t = T
T
ms–2 is ?
Sol. x2 = t2 + 1 dv
Also, acceleration, f =
Differentiating wrt t on both sides, we get dt
dx  dx  vx t T T
 t 
2x
dt
= 2t or xv = t  v  dt    dv =  fdt =   1   dt
0 t 0 0
T 
Again differentiating wrt to t on both sides,
T
dv dx dv  f 0T 2  f 0T 2 1
x +v =1 or x = 1 – v2 f
 vx =  0 T   =f T– = fT
dt dt dt  2T  0 0 2T 2 0
89. A man is at a distance of 6m from a bus. The bus begins
t2
dv 1  v 1 to move with a constant acceleration of 3 ms–2. In order
x2 = x  t
2 2 2

or = = to catch the bus, the minimum speed with which the

dt x x x3
man should run towards the bus is –
dv 1 Sol. If the man did not run, the bus should be at a distance
But, x2 = t2 + 1  =
dt x 3 S1, at time t given by

dv 1 1 2 1 3
or, Acceleration, a = = S1 = 6 + at = 6 + × 3 × t2 = 6 + t2
dt x 3 2 2 2
87. A particle moves a distance x in time t according to If v is the speed of man, he would cover a distance
equation x = (t + 5)–1. The acceleration of particle is S2 = vt in time t. To catch the bus,
proportional to – 3 2 2v
Sol. Distance, x = (t + 5)–1 .........(1) 6+ t = vt or t2 – t+4=0
2 3
 15

2 v 1  4v 2 
16 1 2 1
 16  h' = gt = (10) (2)2 = 20 m
which give t = ±  2 2
6 2  9 
1 2
[ h = ut + gt and u = 0]
 4v 2  2
Now, t will be real if   16  is positive or zero.
 9  Velocity attained by the ball in 2 second is
v = gt = (1) (2) = 20 ms–1
4v 2 Time taken by the ball to reach the ground since the
Minimum v corresponds to – 16 = 0
9 gravity disappeared is –
 v = 6 ms–1. 80  h ' 80  20 60
90. A ball is dropped from the top of the building 100m t= = = = 3 second.
v 20 20
high. Simultaneously another ball is thrown upwards
92. A bullet fired from a rifle loses 20% of its speed while
from the bottom of the building with such a velocity
passing through a wooden plank. Then minimum num-
that the balls collide exactly midway. What is the speed
in ms–1 with which the second ball is thrown ? ber of wooden planks required to completely stop the
bullet is –
(Take g = 10 ms–2)
Sol. Let x be thickness of each wooden plank. If u is the
Sol. For first ball, time taken to reach mid-way,
initial speed with which the bullet is fired from rifle, then
2h 2  50 its speed after passing through one wooden plank is
t= = = 10 second
g 10 20 u 4
v=u– u = u – = u.
 100  100 5 5
 h  2 m  As, v2 – u2 = 2aS
2
For second ball, using v = u + at 4  9 2
v = 0, a = – g, u = ?   u  – u2 = 2ax or 2ax = – u
5  25
Let t' be time taken by the ball to reach midway.
If n is the minimum of wooden planks required to stop
u u the bullet, i.e. v = 0
 0 = – u – gt' or t' = =
g 10  02 – u2 = 2a (nx)
As both the balls collide at same time so u 2
u 2 25
(t – 0) = (t' – 0) or t = t' or n = = = = 2.78
2ax   9 u 2  9
u  
–1  25 
10 = 10 ,u = 10 10 = 31.6 ms .
As, n can't be in fraction.  n = 3
91. A ball is dropped from the top of 80m high tower. If after
93. A person walks up a stationary escalator in time t1. If he
2 second of fall the gravity (g = 10 ms–2), disappers, then
remains stationary on the escalator, then it can take him
time taken to reach ground since the gravity disappeared
up in time t2. How much time would it take him to walk
is –
up the moving escalator ?
A Sol. Let L be the length of escalator.
h
1
Speed of man wrt escalator is Vmc = .
80 m B t1
80 m – h
1
C Speed of escalator is Vc I = .
t2
Sol. In figure, A represents the top of the tower and C its
 Speed of man w.r.t. ground would be
base
A ball is dropped from A and after 2 second of fall, the 1 1
Vm = Vmc + Vc = L   
gravity disappears. In figure it is denoted by B.  t1 t2 
Distance travelled by the ball in 2 second is
 16

L t1t2 h2 h3
 Time taken, t = = . From (1), (4) and (5), we get, h1 = = .
 1 1  t1  t2 3 5
L   96. A man runs at a speed of 4.0 m/s to overtake a standing
 t1 t2 
bus. When he is 6.0m behind the door (at t = 0), the bus
94. A body starts from rest and moves with constant accel- moves forward & continues with a constant acceleration
eration for t second. It travels a distance x1 in first half of of 1.2 ms–2. The man shall gain the door at time t equal
time and x2 in next half of time, then – to –
Sol. As the body starts from rest,  u = 0 Sol. At t = 0, let the man's position be the origin.
Let a be constant acceleration of the body. Distance
 xm0 = 0
t 1  t 2 The bus door is then at xb0 = 6.0m
travelled by the body in   second is x = a
2
1
2  2  The equation of motion for the man is
1 2
1 xm = xm0 + xm0 t + a t
= at2 and distance travelled in t second is, 2 m
8
Here xm0 = 0, vm0 = 4 m/s, am = 0
1 2  xm = 4t ..........(1)
x1 + x2 = at = 4x1
2 The equation of motion for the bus is
 x2 = 4x1 – x1 = 3x1 1 2
95. A stone falls freely under gravity. If covers distances xb = xb0 + vb0 t + at
2 b
h1, h2 and h3 in the first 5 seconds, the next 5 seconds &
Here, xb0 = 6.0m, vb0 = 0, ab = 1.2 m/s–2.
the next 5 seconds respectively. The relation between
h1, h2 and h3 is – 1
 xb = 6 + (1.2) t2 or xb = 6 + 0.6 t2 ........(2)
2
u=0
h1 g When the man catches the bus, xm = xb
A (t = 5s)  4t = 6 + 0.6t2 (Using (1) and (2)
h2 2
B (t = 10s) or 0.6 t – 4t – 6 = 0
h3 This can be reexpressed as 3t2 – 20t + 30 = 0
C (t = 15s)
Solving this quadratic equation by quadratic formula,
Sol. Distance covered by the stone in 5 second is we get

1 25 20  400  360 10  10
h1 = g (5)2 = g ..........(1) t= = = 2.3s, 4.4s.
2 2 6 3
Distance travelled by the stone in 10 second is The man shall gain the door at t = 23 second.
1 100 97. A ball is dropped from the roof of a tower of height h.
h1 + h2 = g (10)2 = g ..........(2) The total distance covered by it in the last second of its
2 2
Distance travelled by the stone in 15 second is motion is equal to the distance covered by it in first
three seconds. What is the value of h ?
1 225
h1 + h2 + h3 = g (15)2 = g ..........(3) Sol. Let the ball remains in air for t seconds.
2 2  Total distance covered by the ball in last second i.e.
Subtract (1) from (2), we get tth second is
100 25 75 g 10
(h1 + h2) – h1 = g– g= g Dt = u + (2t – 1) = (2t – 1) = 10t – 5
2 2 2 2 2
75 [ u = 0] .........(1)
or, h2 = g = 3h1 .........(4) Distance covered by the ball in first three seconds is
2
Subtract (2), from (3), we get 1 2 1
S3 = gt = × 10 × 32 = 45 m ........(2)
225 100 2 2
(h1 + h2 + h3) – (h2 + h1) = g– g As per question, Dt = S3 ,
2 2
 10 t – 5 = 45 or t = 5 second
125
or h3 = g = 5h1 ..........(5)
2
 17
1 1 Equating equation (1) and (2), we get
 h = gt2 = × 10 × 52 = 125 m 1 2 1 2
2 2
v 0t – gt = gt
98. A ball is dropped from a high rise platform at t = 0 starting 2 2
from rest. After 6 second another ball is thrown v0
downwards from the same platform with a speed v. The t= g
two balls meet at t = 18s. What is the value of v ?
Sol. Let the two balls meet after t second at distance x from Substituting the value of t in equation (1),
the platform. For the first ball, u = 0, t = 18 second, g = 10 2 2
 v0  v0 1 v0
2
H  v0  1
ms–2. = v0 ×   – × g ×   = –
2 g 2 g g 2 g
1
Using, h = ut + gt H 1 v02
2
or = or v02 = gH
2 2 g
1
x= × 10 × 182 ...........(1)
2  v0 = gH
For the second ball u = v, t = 12s, g = 10 ms–2
100. A ball is dropped from the top of a building 100m high.
1 2 At the same instant another ball is thrown upwards with
Using h = ut + gt
2 a velocity of 40 m/s from the bottom of the building. The
two balls will meet after –
1
 x = v × 12 + × 10 × 122 Sol. Let balls meet after t second. The distance travelled by
2 the ball coming down is
1 1 2
or 12v = × 10 [182 – 122]
2 S1 = gt
2
1 1 Distance travelled by the other ball.
= × 10 [(18 + 12) (18 – 12)] = × 10 × 30 × 6
2 2 1 2
S2 = 40t – gt
110  30  6 2
or v = = 75 m/s.
2  12  S1 + S2 = 100 m
99. A body A is thrown up vertically from the ground with a 1 2 1
velocity v0 & another body B is simultaneously dropped  gt + 40t – gt2 = 100m
2 2
H 100
from a height H. They meet at a height if v is equal
2 0 t= = 2.5 second
40
to –
101. A body is thrown upward from ground covers equal
B distances in 4th & 7th second. With what initial velocity
H/2
the body was projected.
V0
A H/2
5 sec
Ground 5s 0 sec
5 sec 1 sec
6s
1 2 4 sec 2 sec
7s
Sol. As S = ut + at 3 sec
2 2 sec
1 sec
H 0 sec
For body A, u = v0, a = – g, S =
2
Sol. Time taken to reach zero velocity is 5 second
H 1 As v = u – gt
 = v0t – gt2 ...........(1)
 u = 50 m/s
2 2  0 = u – 10 × 5
H 1 2
For body B, u = 0, a = + g, S = [Using S = ut – gt for 3 and 4 seconds we get 15 m for
2 2
3 to 3 second]
H 1
 = gt2 ...........(2)
2 2
 18
1 2
Applying S = 0 + gt for downward motion for 1 and 2 1 sec
2
seconds, one get distance for 6th to 7th second is also h (h – 20)
15m. t (t – 1)
102. A body is accelerated from rest at constant rate for
some time and then de-accelerated at constant rate 
until it comes to rest. If the total time taken is t, then 1 2
Sol. For first ball, h = gt .........(1)
maximum velocity attained by body is – 2
V 1
For second ball, (h – 20) = g (t – 1)2 .........(2)
VMax A 2
1
(h – 20) = g (t – 1)2
A1 B 2
O t
t1 t2
gt 2 g
or – 20 = (t2 – 2t + 1) (using (1))
Sol. AA1 = Vmax = t1 + t2 2 2
But t = t1 + t2 gt 2 gt 2 g
or – 20 = – gt +
Vmax Vmax 2 2 2
t= +
  g 10
or gt = + 20 or 10t = + 20 = 25
   2 2
Vmax =  t
    25
or t = = 2.5 ...........(3)
103. A body is projected vertically upwards. The times 10
corresponding to height h while ascending and while 1 2
descending are t1 and t2 respectively. Then the velocity h = gt
2
of projection is –
Sol. When the body is projected, it takes time t1 to cross h, 1
h = × 10 × (2.5)2
2
then another t1' to go to hmax when v = 0.
Then the initial velocity become u' = 0 and takes time t 10  6.25
or h = or h = 31.25 m
to reach the ground. 2
105. A body is fired vertically upwards. At half the maximum
u
0 = u – gt or t = height, the velocity of the body is 10 m/s. The maximum
g
height reached by the body is –
t1 + t1' = t 0 ms –1
H
' u u ' 10 ms –1
 t1 + t1 = or t1 = –t
g g 1 H

u ' Sol. For upper half of vertical journey,

t2 = t + t1' = +t
g 1 v = u2 – 2gH
2u 0 = (10)2 – 2 × 10 × H
g
 t1 + t2 = g or u = (t + t ) 100
2 1 2 or 20H = 100 H= = 5m
104. A ball falls from height h. After 1 second, another ball 20
falls freely from a point 20m below the point from where  Total height = 5 + 5 = 10m.
the first ball falls. Both of them reach the ground at the 106. An object moving with a speed of 6.25 ms–1 is decelerated
same time. What is the value of h ? dv
at a rate given by = – 2.5 v , where v is the instan-
dt
taneous speed. The time taken by the object to come to
 19
rest, would be –
dv
 at dt =  2bx dx
Sol. Given, = – 2.5 v at 2
dt or = bx2 + C .........(2)
2
dv
 = – 2.5 dt At t = 0, x = 0, C = 0
v
at 2
0

1 t
Then, = bx2
 v 2
dv = – 2.5  dt 2
6.25 0
at 2 a
0 x= =t
 12  2b 2b
 – 2.5 t 0 =  2v 
t

  6.25 dx a
 t = 2 second.  vx =
dt 2b
107. A particle is moving with constant acceleration from A
109. From the top of a tower, 80m high from the ground, a
to B in a straight line AB. If u and v are the velocities at
stone is thrown in the horizontal direction with a velocity
A and B respectively. Then its velocity at the mid-point
of 8 ms–1. The stone reaches the ground after a time t
C will be –
and falls at a distance of d from the foot of the tower
d d
Sol. are –
A C B
u V1 v
1 2
Sol. Horizontal motion h = 0 + gt
v12 = u2 + 2ad ..........(1) 2

v2 = v12 + 2ad ..........(2) 1

 80 = × 10 × t2
Subtracting equation (1) and equation (2), we get 2
 t2 = 16 or t = 4 second
v12 – v2 = u2 – v12 Distance covered = (8 ms–1) (4) = 32 m.
2
 2 v1 = u2 + v2 110. A person throwns ball into air vertically upward in a
regular intervals of time of 1 second. The next ball is
u 2  v2 thrown when the velocity of the ball thrown earlier
 v1 =
2 becomes zero. The height to which ball rise is (assume g
We have standard for this type of velocity – = 10 m/s2).

u 2  v2
v1 = h
2
108. A particle crosing the origin of co-ordinates at time t = 0,  2  3
1
t = 1 sec t = 2 sec
moves in the xy-plane with a constant acceleration a in t=0
the y-direction. If its equation of motion is y = bx2 (b is a
Sol. (1) v = 0 (2) v = 0
constant), its velocity component in the x-direction is –
In upward motion, the velocity of ball 1 in 1 second
Sol. Given y = bx2
become zero.
dy dx 0 = u – g (1)  u = g
= 2ab ..........(1)
dt dt 1 2
 h = ut – gt
dy 2
= uy + at ( ay = a) ( vy = uy = ayt).
dt 1 g 10
or h = g (1) – g (1)2 = = = 5m.
dx 2 2 2
uy + at = 2bx
dt 111. A particle of mass 0.2 kg is moving in one dimension
 t = 0, x = 0  uy = 0 under a force that delivers a constant power 0.5W to the
Then, at dt = 2 bx dx particle. If the initial speed (in ms–1) of the particle is
Take integration on both sides, we get zero, then the speed (in ms–1) after 5 second is –
 20
2
Sol. v – u = 2as 2
.............(1)  t2 = 2.0 – 0.4 = 1.6 second
K.E.final – K.E.initial = Force × displacement Total time = t1 + t2 = 0.3 second + 1.6 second
= 1.9 second = 2 second
mv 2 mu 2
– = maS ..........(2) 113. From a tower of heigth H, a particle is thrown vertically
2 2 upwrds with a speed u. The time taken by the particle to
Power × time = Work hit the ground, is n times that taken by it to reach the
 (0.5) (5) = (0.2) (aS) or a S = 12.5 highest point of its path. The relation between H, u and
So, v2 – (0)2 = 2 (12.5) n is –
 v2 = 25  v = 5 ms–1.
112. A rocket is moving in a gravity free space with a
constant acceleration of 2 ms–2 along + x-direction (see u
figure). The length of a chamber inside the rocket is 4m. O
A ball is thrown from the left end of the chamber in + x-
direction with a speed of 0.3 ms–1 relative to the rocket. H
At the same time, another ball is thrown in – x direction
with a speed of 0.2 ms–1 from its right end relative to the
rocket. Te time (in seconds) when the two balls hit each B
other is –
Sol. A = highest point of path velocity = 0
a=2 ms–2  0 = u – gt
0.3 ms–1 0.2 ms–1 x
u O A
4m
 t = g = time for journey
Sol. If balls are on floor or wall of rocket, then acceleration of
rocket do not affect time, when balls hit each other. Balls Given time for O  A  B journey = nt............(1)
hit after time t such that O  A  B journey
0.3t = 0.2t = 4 1
– H = u (nt) – g (nt)2
4 2
t = = 8 second ..........(1)
0.5 u 1 u2
If balls are not touching rocket wall or floor, the motion  – H = un  g  – gn 2
2
  2 g
of lift ball is affected by acceleration of rocket.
In small time 0.1 second, left ball moves u 2 n2 u 2
0.3 × 0.1 = 0.03 m. –H=n =
g 2 g
1  – 2gH = 2nu2 – n2u2
Left wall moves 9 (0.1) + (2) (0.1)2 = 0.01m.
2  2gH = n2u2 – 2nu2
Initially, left ball is ahead of left wall at time t1 given by–  2gH = nu2 (n – 2).
1 114. A ball is dropped onto the floor from a height of 10m. It
0 (t1) + (2) (t1)2 = 0.3t rebounds to a height of 5m. If the ball was in contant
2
with the floor for 0.01 second. What was its average
 t1 = 0.3 second
acceleration during contact ?
Left wall and left ball touch and velocity of wall is [0 + 2
Take g = 10 ms–2.
(0.3)] = 0.6 ms–1, is more than velocity of ball.
Now, left wall takes the left ball along with it. u
Letwall, left ball meet the right ball after time t2 such that
4 – (0.3) (0.3) – (0.2) (0.3) 10 m V2


 2  t22  + (0 + 2t2)
1 V2 5m = H’
=  0.6t 
2

 2 
V1 V
2
 t 2 + 0.8 t2 = 3.85
Sol. Step I ball was dropped on floor from height 10m. (u = 0)
 t 22 + 0.8 t2 + 0.16 = 3.85 + 0.16 2
 v1 – u2 = 2 × g × H
 (t2 + 0.4) = 4.01 2
 21
v12 = 2 × 10 × 10 2.5 1
Sol. Time taken in going to market = = hr = 30 minute
 v1 = 2 × 10 = 10 2 ms–1 5 2
As, we are told to find average speed for the interval 40
Step II initial velocity of rebound (v) –
minute, so remaining time for consideration of motion is
v22 – v2 = 2 × (– g) × H' 10 minute.
0 – v2 = 2 × (– 10) × 5 = – 100 So, distance travelled in remaining 10 minute
 v = 10 ms–1 10
So, Average acceleration (aavg) = 7.5 × = 1.25 km
60
10 2  10 Total Distance
= = (10 2 + 10) × 100
0.01 Average speed =
Total time
= 2414 ms–2.
115. A man walks on a straight road from his home to a market  2.5  1.25 km 45
= = km/hr..
2.5 km away with a speed of 5 km/hr. Finding the market  40  8
  hr
closed, he instantly turns and walks back home with a  60 
speed of 7.5 km/hr. The average speed of the man over
the interval of time 0 to 40 minute is equal to –
 22
PRACTICE QUESTIONS
1. A man goes 10 m towards North, then 20m towards east
7 5 7 3
then displacement is (a) (b) (c) (d)
5 7 3 7
(a) 22.5 m (b) 25 m (c) 25.5 m (d) 30 m
10. The displacement of the point of the wheel initially in
2 contact with the ground, when the wheel roles forard
2. If a car covers th of the total distance with V1 speed
5 half a revolution will be (radius of the wheel is R) :
3 R
and th distance with V2 then average speed is :
5 (a)
2  4
(b) R 2  4
1 2v1v2 (c) 2r (d) R
(a) v1v2 (b)
11. A particle covers half of the circle of radius r. Then the
2 2
displacement & distance of the particle are respectively.
2v1v2 5v1v2 (a) 2, 0 (b) 2r, r (c) , 2r (d) r, r
(c) (d)
v1  v2 3v1  2v2 12. A body travels a distance of 20m in the 7th second and
3. A body moves over one fourth of a circular arc in a 24 m in 9th second. How much distance shall it travel in
circle of radius r. The magnitude of distance travelled the 15th second ?
and displacement will be respectively. (a) 36 m (b) 38 m (c) 40 m (d) 34 m
13. The engine of a car produces acceleration 4m/sec2 in
 
(a) ,2 2 (b) ,r the car, if this car pulls another car of same mass, what
2 4
will be the acceleration produced
r (a) 8 m/s2 (b) 2 m/s2 (c) 4 m/s2 (d) m/s2
(c) r, (d) r, r
2 14. A car accelerated from initial position and then returned
at initial point, then
4. Which of the following changes when a particle is
(a) Velocity is zero but speed increases
moving with uniform velocity ?
(b) Speed is zero but velocity increases
(a) Speed (b) Velocity
(c) Both speed and velocity increase
(c) Acceleration (d) Position vector
(d) Both speed and velocity decrease
5. The slope of the velocity time graph for retarded motion
15. A body is thrown upwards and reaches its maximum
is :
height. At that position.
(a) positive (b) negative (c) zero
(a) its acceleration is minimum
(d) can be +ve, –ve or zero
(b) its velocity is zero and its acceleration is also zero
6. The area of the acceleration-displacement curve of a
(c) its velocity is zero but its acceleration is maximum
body gives
(d) its velocity is zero and its acceleration is the
(a) impulse
acceleration due to gravity.
(b) change in momentum per unit mass
16. If a body having initial velocity zero is moving with
(c) change in KE per unit mass
uniform acceleration 8 m/sec2, the distance travelled by
(d) total change in energy
it in fifth second will be
7. If the displacement of a particle varies with time as= t +
(a) 36 metres (b) 40 metres
7, the
(c) 100 metres (d) Zero
(a) velocity of the particle is inversely proportional to t
17. The acceleration of a particle, starting from rest, varies
(b) velocity of the particle is proportional to t
with time according to the relation
(c) velocity of the particle is proportional to
a = – s2 sin t
(d) the particle moves with a constant acceleration
The displacement of this particle at a time t will be
8. The displacement x of a particle moving along a straight
(a) s sin  t (b) s cos  t
line at time t is given by :
(c) s sin t (d) – (s2sin  t) t2
x = a 0 + a 1t + a 2t2
18. The displacement of a particle is given by
What is the acceleration of the particle :
y = a + b t + c t2 – d t4
(a) a 1 (b) a2 (c) a2 (d) 3a2
The initial velocity and acceleration are respectively.
9. A body starts from rest. What is the ratio of the distance
(a) b, – 4d (b) – b, 2c
travelled by the body during the 4th and 3rd seconds.
(c) b, 2 c (d) 2c, – 4d
 23
19. A passenger travels along the straight road for half the m/sec, then maximum height attained by particle is
distance with velocity v1 and the remaining half distance (g = 10 m/sec2).
with velocity v2. Then average velocity is given by (a) 8 m (b) 10m (c) 15m (d) 20m
(a) v1v 2 (b) v22/v12 29. From a 10m high building a stone ‘A’ is dropped and
(c) (v1 + v2)/2 (d) 2v1v2 /(v1 + v2) simultaneously another stone ‘B’ is thrown horizontally
20. A bus starts moving with acceleration 2 m/s2. A cyclist with an initial speed of 5 m/sec–1. Which one of the
96m behind the bus starts simultaneously towards the following statements is true ?
bus at 20 m/s. After what time will he be able to overtake (a) It is not possible to calculate which one of two stones
the bus ? will reach ground first.
(a) 4 second (b) 8 second (b) Both stones ‘A’ and ‘B’ will reach the ground
(c) 12 second (d) 16 second simultaneously.
21. When the speed of a car is v, the minimum distance over (c) ‘A’ stones reach the ground earlier than ‘B’.
which it can be stopped is s. If the speed becomes nv, (d) ‘B’ stones reach the ground earlier than ‘A’.
what will be the minimum distance over which it can be 30. An automobile travelling with a speed of 60 km/hr, can
stopped during same retardation. apply brake to stop within a distance of 20m. If the car is
n s going twice as fast i.e., 120 km/h, the stopping distance
(a) (b) n s (c) (d) n2s will be
s n2
(a) 60m (b) 40 m (c) 20 m (d) 80m
22. The velocity of a particle at an instant is 10 m/s. After 5
31. A body travels 2m in the first two second and 2.20m in
sec, the velocity of the particle is 20 m/s. Find the velocity
the next 4 second with uniform decleration. The velocity
at 3 seconds before from the instant when velocity of a
of the body at the end of 9 second is :
particle is 10 m/s.
(a) – 10 ms–1 (b) – 0.20 ms–1
(a) 8 m/s (b) 4 m/s (c) 6 m/s (d) 7 m/s –1
(c) – 0.40 ms (d) – 0.80 ms–1
23. A particle experiences constant acceleration for 20
32. A particle travels half the distance with a velocity of 6
seconds after starting from rest. If it travels a distance s1
ms–1. The remaining half distance is covered with a
in the first 10 seconds and distance s2 in the next 10
velocity of 4 ms–1 for half the time and with a velocity of
seconds, then
8 ms–1 for the rest of the half time. What is the velocity
(a) s2 = s1 (b) s2 = 2 s1 (c) s2 = 3 s1 (d) s2 = 4 s1
of the particle averaged over the whole time of motion ?
24. A train of 150 m length is going towards north direction
(a) 9 ms–1 (b) 6 ms–1 (c) 5.35 ms–1(d) 5 ms–1
at a speed of 10 ms–1. A parrot flies at a speed of 5 ms–1
33. A ball released from a height falls 5m in one second. In
towards south direction parallel to the railway track. The
4 seconds it falls through :
time taken by the parrot to cross the train is equal to
(a) 20m (b) 1.25m (c) 40m (d) 80m
(a) 12 s (b) 8 s (c) 15 s (d) 10 s
34. A food packet is released from a helicopter rising steadily
25. A particle is moving along a straight line path according
at the speed of 2 m/sec. After 2 seconds the velocity of
to the relation s2 = at2 + 2bt + c
the packet is : (g = 10 m/sec2).
s represents the distance travelled in t seconds and a, b,
(a) 22 m/sec (b) 20 m/sec
c are constants. Then the acceleration of the particle
(c) 18 m/sec (d) None of these
varies as
35. A man leaves his house for a cycle ride. He comes back
(a) s–3 (b) s3/2 (c) s–2/3 (d) s2
to his house after half-an-hour after covering a distance
26. A stone thrown vertically upwards with a speed of 5 m/
of one km. What is his average velocity for the ride ?
sec attains a height H1. Another stone thrown upwards
(a) zero (b) 2 kmh–1 (c) 10 km s–1 (d) km s–1
from the same point with a speed of 10 m/sec attains a
36. A car travels from A to B at a speed of 20 km h–1 and
height H2. The correct relation between H1 and H2 is :
returns at a speed of 30 km h–1. The average speed of
(a) H2 = 4H1 (b) H2 = 3H1
the car for the whole journey is :
(c) H1 = 2H2 (d) H1 = H2
(a) 5 km h–1 (b) 24 km h–1
27. Two trains are each 50m long moving parallel towards –1
(c) 25 km h (d) 50 km h–1
each other at speeds 10 m/s and 15 m/s respectively.
37. An electron starting from rest has a velocity that
After what time will they pass each other ?
increases linearly with time i.e. v = kt where k = 2 ms–2.
(a) 5sec (b) 4 sec (c) 2 sec (d) 6 sec
The distance covered in the first 3 second is :
28. A stone is thrown vertically upwards. When the particle
(a) 9m (b) 16m (c) 27 m (d) 36 m
is at a height half of its maximum height, its speed is 10
 24
38. A body released from the top of a tower falls through seconds respectively the relation between S1, S2 and S3
half the height of the tower in 2 s. In what time shall the is :
body fall through the height of the tower ? (a) S1 = S2 = S3 (b) 5S1 = 3S2 = S3
(a) 4 s (b) 3.26 s (c) 3.48 s (d) 2.828 s 1 1 1 1
39. A body moves in a straight line along Y-axis. Its (c) S1 = S2 = S3 (d) S1 = S2 = S3
3 5 5 3
distance y (in metre) from the origin is given by y = 8t –
49. The motion of particle is described by the equation x =
3t2. The average speed in the time interval from t = 0
a + bt2, where a = 15 cm and b = 3 cm/sec2. Its instant
second to t = 1 second is :
velocity at time 3 sec will be
(a) – 4 ms–1 (b) zero (c) 5 ms–1 (d) 6 ms–1
(a) 36 cm/sec (b) 9 cm/sec
40. The acceleration due to gravity on planet A is nine times
(c) 4.5 cm/sec (d) 18 cm/sec
the acceleration due to gravity on planet B. A man jumps
50. A ball is thrown up with velocity 19.6 m/s. The maximum
to a height 2m on the surface of A. What is the height of
height attained by the ball is
jump by same person on planet B ?
(a) 29.2m (b) 9.8 m (c) 19.6 m (d) 15.8 m
(a) m (b) m (c) 18m (d) 6m
51. A train A which is 120m long is running with velocity 20
41. The dependence of velocity of a body with time is given
m/s while train B which is 130m long is running in
by the equation v = 20 + 0.1t2. The body is in
opposite direction with velocity 30 m/s. What is the
(a) uniform retardation (b) uniform acceleration
time taken by train B to cross the train A ?
(c) non-uniform acceleration
(a) 5 sec (b) 25 sec (c) 10 sec (d) 100 sec
(d) zero acceleration
52. A car travelling at a speed of 30 km h–1 is brought to a
42. A particle starting from rest falls from a certain height.
halt in 8m by applying brakes. If the same car is
Assuming that the acceleration due to gravity remain
travelling at 60 km h–1, it can be brought to a half with
the same throughout the motion, its displacements in
the same braking power in :
three successive half second intervals are S1, S2 and S3
(a) 32m (b) 24 m (c) 16 m (d) 8 cm
then
53. A train is moving towards east and a car is along north,
(a) S1 : S2 : S3 = 1 : 5 : 9 (b) S1 : S2 : S3 = 1 : 3 : 5
both with same speed. The observed direction of car to
(c) S1 : S2 : S3 = 9 : 2 : 3 (d) S1 : S2 : S3 = 1 : 1 : 1
the passenger in the train is :
43. A point initially at rest moves along x-axis. Its acceleration
(a) east-north direction (b) west-north direction
varies with time as a = (6t + 5) m/s2. If it starts from
(c) south-east direction (d) None of the above
origin, the distance covered in 2 s is :
54. A particle moves along a straight line OX. At a time t (in
(a) 20m (b) 18 m (c 16 m) (d) 25 m
second) the distance x (in metre) of the particle from O is
44. A body moving with a uniform acceleration crosses a
given by x = 40 + 12t – t3. How long would the particle
distance of 65 m in the 5th second and 105 m in 9th
travel before coming to rest ?
second. How far will it go in 20 s ?
(a) 24 m (b) 40 m (c) 56 m (d) 16 m
(a) 2040 m (b) 240 m (c) 2400 m (d) 2004 m
55. A particle travels 10m in first 5 sec and 10m in next 3 sec.
45. A stone is just released from the window of a train
Assuming acceleration what is the distance travelled in
moving along a horizontal straight track. The stone will
next 2 sec
hit the ground following a :
(a) 8.3 m (b) 9.3 m
(a) straight line path (b) circular path
(c) 10.3 m (d) None of these
(c) parabolic path (d) hyperbolic path
56. A boat takes 2 hours to travel 8 km and back in still
46. A car moving with a speed of 40 km/hr can be stopped
water lake. With water velocity of 4 km h–1, the time
by applying brakes after at least 2m. If the same car is
taken for going upstream of 8 km and coming back is :
moving with a speed of 80 km/hr, what is the minimum
(a) 160 minutes (b) 80 minutes
stopping distance :
(c) 100 minutes (d) 120 minutes
(a) 8m (b) 6m (c) 4m (d) 2m
57. If a ball is thrown vertically upwards with a velocity of
47. A particle has initial velocity (2 + 3). The magnitude of
40 m/sm then velocity of the ball after two seconds is :
velocity after 10 seconds will be :
(a) 15 m/s (b) 20 m/s (c) 25 m/s (d) 28 m/s
(a) 9units (b) 5units (c) 5 units (d) 9 units
58. If a car at rest accelerates uniformly to a speed of 144
48. A body travels for 15 sec starting from rest with constant
km/hr in 20 sec., it covers a distance of
acceleration. If it travels distance S1, S2 and S3 in the
(a) 20 cm (b) 400 m (c) 1440 cm (d) 2980 cm
first five seconds, second five seconds and next five
 25
59. A particle moves along a straight line such that its 70. A body starting from rest covers a distance of 9m in the
displacement at any time t is given by s = (t3– 6t2 +3t +4) fifth second. The acceleration of the body is :
metres. The velocity when the acceleration is zero is : (a) 2 m/s2 (b) 0.2 m/s2 (c) 1.8 m/s2 (d) 4 m/s2
(a) 3 ms–1 (b) – 12 ms–1 (c) 42 ms–1 (d) – 9 ms–1 71. A truck and a car moving with the same K.E. are brought
60. The average velocity of a body moving with uniform to rest by the application of brakes which provide equal
acceleration travelling a distance of 3.06 m is 0.34 ms–1. retarding force. Which of them will come to rest in a
If the change in velocity of the body is 0.18 ms–1 during shorter distance ?
this time, its uniform acceleration is (a) The truck (b) The car
(a) 0.001 ms–2 (b) 0.002 ms–2 (c) Both will travel same distance before coming to rest
(c) 0.003 ms–2 (d) 0.004 ms–2 (d) The distance of travel will depend on the horse power
61. A body A starts from rest with an acceleration a1. After of the vehicle
2 seconds, another body B starts from rest with an 72. The velocity of wind is determined by :
acceleration a2. If they travel equal distances in the 5th (a) Speedometer (b) Anemometer
second, after the start of A, then the ratio a1: a2 is equal (c) Dynamometer (d) Accelerometer
to 73. A body falling under gravity moves with uniform :
(a) 5 : 9 (b) 5 : 7 (c) 9 : 5 (d) 9 : 7 (a) Speed (b) Velocity
62. The displacement of a particle is given by x = (t – 2)2 (c) Momentum (d) Acceleration
where x is in metre and t in second. The distance 74. Two bodies of different masses say 1 kg and 5 kg are
covered by the particle in first 4 seconds is : dropped simultaneously from a tower. They will reach
(a) 4 m (b) 8 m (c) 12 m (d) 16 m the ground :
63. The displacement ‘x’ (in metre) of a particle of mass ‘m’ (a) Simultaneously
(in kg) moving in one dimension under the action of a (b) The heavier one arriving earlier
force, is related to time ‘t’ (in sec) by t = + 3. The (c) The lighter one arriving earlier
displacement of the particle when its velocity is zero, (d) Cannot say, the information is insufficient
will be : 75. If a light and a heavy body are released from same height:
(a) 2m (b) 4m (c) zero (d) 6m (a) Heavier body hits the ground with greater velocity
64. A motorist travels from A to B at a speed of 40 km/hr and (b) Lighter body hits the ground with greater velocity
returns back at a speed of 60 km/hr. His average speed (c) Both hits the ground with same velocity
will be : (d) Which one will hit the ground with greater velocity
(a) 40 km/hr (b) 48 km/hr (c) 50 km/hr (d) 60 km/hr depends on their shape
65. The displacement time graph for two particles A and B 76. The displacement of a particle, moving in a straight line,
are straight lines inclined at angles of 30º and 60º with is given by s = 2t2 + 2t + 4 where s is in metres and t in
the time axis. The ratio of the speeds vA : vB is : seconds. The acceleration of the particle is
(a) 1 : 2 (b) 1 : (c): 1 (d) 1 : 3 (a) 2 m/s2 (b) 4 m/s2 (c) 6 m/s2 (d) 8 m/s2
77. The position x of a particle varies with time t as x = at2 –
66. The relation 3t = 3 x  6 describes the displacement
bt3. The acceleration of the particle will be zero at time t
of a particle in one direction where x is in metres and t in
equal to :
sec. The displacement, when velocity is zero, is
(a) 24 metres (b) 12 metres a 2a a
(a) (b) (c) (d) Zero
(c) 5 metres (d) Zero b 3b 3b
67. If a particle is moving with uniform velocity, its 78. The displacement of the particle is given by y = a + bt +
acceleration is : ct2 – dt4. The initial velocity and acceleration are
(a) Infinite (b) Finite (c) Negative(d) zero respectively
68. How long will it take to stop a car travelling at a speed of (a) b, – 4d (b) – b, 2c (c) b, 2c (d) 2c, – 4d
20 m/sec, if the uniform acc. during braking is – 5 m/s2 ? 79. The relation between time t & distance x is t = ax2 + x,
(a) 100 s (b) 4 s (c) (1/4)s (d) (1/100)s where  and  are constants. The retardation is (v is the
69. The initial velocity of a particle moving along a straight velocity)
line is 10 m/s and its retardation is 2 m/s2. The distance (a) 2v3 (b) 2v3 (c) 2v3 (d) 2 2v3
moved by the particle in the fifth sec of its motion is : 80. If displacement of a particle is directly proportional to
(a) 1 m (b) 19 m (c) 50 m (d) 75 m the square of time. Then particle is moving with
(a) Uniform acceleration (b) Uniform velocity
 26
(c) Variable acceleration
1 1
(d) Variable acceleration but uniform velocity (a) m/s (b) 3 m/s (c) 3 m/s (d) 3
81. A particle is moving eastwards with velocity of 5 m/s. In
3
10 sec the velocity to 5 m/s northwards. The average 88. The diagram shows the displacement – time graph for a
acceleration in this time is : particle moving in a straight line. The average velocity
(a) Zero for the interval t = 0, t = 5 is :
x
1
(b) m/s2 toward north –east 20
2
10
5
1 O t
2 4
(b) m/s2 toward north – west – 10
2
1 2 (a) O (b) 6 ms–1 (c) – 2 ms–1 (d) 2 ms–1
(d) m/s toward north – west
2 89. Figure shows the displacement time graph of a body.
82. A body starts from the origin and moves along x – axis What is the ratio of the speed in the first second and
such that velocity at any instant is any instant is given that in the next two seconds :
by (4t3 – 2t), where t is in second and velocity is in m/s.
Y
What is the acceleration of the particle, when it is 2m
30
from the origin ?

Displacement
(a) 28 m/s2 (b) 22 m/s2 (c) 12 m/s2 (d) 10 m/s2 20
83. A body of mass 10 kg is moving with a constant velocity
10
of 10 m/s. When a constant force acts for 4 sec on it, it
O X
moves with a velocity 2 m/sec in the opposite direction. 1 2 3
Time
The acceleration produce in it is
(a) 3 m/s2 (b) – 3 m/s2 (c) 0.3 m/s2 (d) – 0.3 m/s2 (a) 1 : 2 (b) 1 : 3 (c) 3 : 1 (d) 2 : 1
84. The position of a particle moving along the x – axis at 90. A train moves from one station to another in 2 hours
certain times is given below: time. Its speed – time graph during this motion is shown
in the figure. The maximum acceleration during the
t (s) 0 1 2 3
journey is
x (m) –2 0 6 12
(a) 140 km h–2 (b) 160 km h–2
Which of the following describes the motion correctly (c) 100 km h –2
(d) 120 km h–2
(a) Uniform, accelerated (b) Uniform, decelerated 91. The graph of displacement v/s time is :
(c) Non – uniform, accelerated It corresponding velocity – time graph will be
(d) There is not enough data for generalization
85. Which of the following graph represents uniform motion
(a) V (b) V
86. The displacement – time graph for two particles A and B
are straight lines inclined at angles of 30° and 60° with t t
the time axis. The ratio of velocities of VA:VB is
(a) 1 : 2 (b) 1: 3 (c) 3 : 1 (d) 1 : 3
87. From the following displacement time graph find out (c) V (d) V
the velocity of a moving body ?
t t

92. In the following graph, distance travelled by the body

in metres is :
Time (sec)

Y
Velocity (m/sec)

15
30º
O 10
Displacement (meter)
5
X
O 10 20 30
Time (sec)
 27
(a) 200 (b) 250 (c) 300 (d) 400 v v
93. For the velocity – time graph shown in figure below the
distance covered by the body in last two seconds of its (a) (b)
motion is what fraction of the total distance covered by
O t O t
it in all the seven seconds :
v v
Velocity (m/sec)
B C
10 (c) (d)

5 O t O t
A P Q D
98. For a certain body, the velocity – time graph is shown in
O 10 3 5 7
Time (sec) the figure. The ratio of applied forces for intervals AB
and BC is :
1 1 1 2 v
(a) (b) (c) (d) D
2 4 3 3
94. The velocity time graph of a body moving in a straight
line is shown in the figure. The displacement and
30º 60º
distance travelled by the body in 6 sec are respectively A B C
t

4 A B 1 1 1 1
G H (a) + (b) – (c) + (d) –
2 2 2 3 3
Velocity

2 F 6
O
C 4 99. Velocity – time graphs of two cars which start from rest
–2
D E t (Sec) at the same time, are shown in the figure. Graph shows,
–4
that :
(a) 8m, 16m (b) 16m, 8m (c) 16m, 16m(d) 8m, 8m
95. A ball is thrown vertically upward which of the following A B
Velocity
graph
A

B
Velocity

(a) (b)
Velocity

O t Time
Time Time
(a) Initial velocity of A is greater than the initial velocity
of B
(b) Acceleration in A is increasing at lesser rate than in
B
Velocity
Velocity

(c) (d) (c) Acceleration in A is greater than in B

Time Time
(d) Acceleration in B is greater than in A
100. The adjoining curve represents the velocity – time graph
96. The acceleration – time graph of a body is shown below: of a particle, its acceleration values along OA, AB and
v v BC in metre/sec2 are respectively ?

(a) (b)
Velocity (m/sec)

10
t t
5
v v
O 10 20 30 40
(c) (d) Time (sec)

t t (a) 1, 0, – 0.5 (b) 1, 0, 0.5

97. Which of the following velocity time graphs is not (c) 1, 1, 0.5 (d) 1, 0.5, 0
possible : 101. A body A moves with a uniform acceleration a and zero
initial velocity. Another body B, starts from the same
point moves in the same direction with a constant
 28
velocity v. The two bodies meet after a time t. The value Answer Key
of t is : 1. () 2. () 3. () 4. () 5. () 6. ()
2v v v v 7. () 8. () 9. () 10. () 11. () 12. ()
(a) (b) (c) (d) 13. () 14. () 15. () 16. () 17. () 18. ()
a a 2a 2a
19. () 20. () 21. () 22. () 23. () 24. ()
102. A student is standing at a distance of 50 metres from the
25. () 26. () 27. () 28. () 29. () 30. ()
bus. As soon as the bus starts its motion with an
31. () 32. () 33. () 34. () 35. () 36. ()
acceleration of 1 ms–2, the student starts running towards
37. () 38. () 39. () 40. () 41. () 42. ()
the bus with a uniform velocity u. Assuming the motion
43. () 44. () 45. () 46. () 47. () 48. ()
to be along a straight road, the minimum value of u, so
49. () 50. () 51. () 52. () 53. () 54. ()
that the students is able to catch the bus is :
55. () 56. () 57. () 58. () 59. () 60. ()
(a) 5 ms–1 (b) 8 ms–1 (c) 10 ms–1 (d) 12 ms–1
61. () 62. () 63. () 64. () 65. () 66. ()
103. A car moving with a speed of 50 km/hr, can be stopped
67. () 68. () 69. () 70. () 71. () 72. ()
by brakes after at least 6m. If the same car is moving at a
73. () 74. () 75. () 76. () 77. () 78. ()
speed of 100 km/hr, the minimum stopping distance is
79. () 80. () 81. () 82. () 83. () 84. ()
(a) 6 m (b) 12 m (c) 18 m (d) 24 m
85. () 86. () 87. () 88. () 89. () 90. ()
104. The velocity of a bullet is reduced from 200 m/s to 100
91. () 92. () 93. () 94. () 95. () 96. ()
m/s while travelling through a wooden block of thickness
97. () 98. () 99. () 100. () 101. () 102. ()
10 cm. The retardation, assuming it to be uniform, will be
103. () 104. ()
(a) 10 ×104 m/s2 (b) 12 ×104 m/s2
(c) 13.5 × 104 m/s2 (d) 15 × 104 m/s2