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Adhesive Bonding

Adhesive bonding involves joining materials using an adhesive substance that adheres to the surfaces being joined and transfers force between them. Adhesives are non-metallic substances that bond surfaces through adhesion and cohesion. Adhesive bonding is used in many industries because it can join similar and dissimilar materials and the bonding occurs over the entire surface area.

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NAVEEN S BASANDI
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63 views7 pages

Adhesive Bonding

Adhesive bonding involves joining materials using an adhesive substance that adheres to the surfaces being joined and transfers force between them. Adhesives are non-metallic substances that bond surfaces through adhesion and cohesion. Adhesive bonding is used in many industries because it can join similar and dissimilar materials and the bonding occurs over the entire surface area.

Uploaded by

NAVEEN S BASANDI
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Adhesive bonding

Bonding is the surface-to-surface joining of similar or dissimilar materials using a substance


which usually is of a different type, and which adheres to the surfaces of the two adherents to
be joined, transferring the forces from one adherent to the other.
Definition: An adhesive is a non-metallic substance capable of joining materials by surface
bonding (adhesion), and the bond possessing adequate internal strength (cohesion).
It is used in a wide range of bonding and sealing applications for joining similar and
dissimilar materials such as metals, plastics, ceramics, wood, paper, and cardboard because of
which it is considered as a growth area because of opportunities for increased applications.
Terminologies in Adhesive Bonding:
 Adhesive = filler material, nonmetallic, usually a polymer
 Adherends = parts being joined
 Structural adhesives – of greatest interest in engineering, capable of forming strong,
permanent joints between strong, rigid adherends.
Joint Strength:
 Depends on strength of:
 Adhesive
 Attachment between adhesive and adherends
 Attachment mechanisms:
 Chemical bonding – adhesive and adherend form primary bond on curing
 Physical interactions - secondary bonding forces between surface atoms
 Mechanical interlocking - roughness of adherend causes adhesive to become
entangled in surface asperities.
Joint Design:
 Adhesive joints are not as strong as welded, brazed, or soldered joints
 Joint contact area should be maximized
 Adhesive joints are strongest in shear and tension therefore joints should be
designed so applied stresses are of these types.
 Adhesive bonded joints are weakest in cleavage or peeling so joints should be
designed to avoid these types of stresses
Types of Stresses in Adhesive Bonding:

Figure shows types of stresses that must be considered in adhesive bonded joints:
(a) tension, (b) shear, (c) cleavage, and (d) peeling.
Joint Designs in Adhesive Bonding:

Figure shows some joint designs for adhesive bonding:


(a) to (d) butt joints; (e) & (f) T-joints; (b) and (g) to (j) corner joints.
Properties of Adhesives:
Applications of Adhesives:
 Automotive, aircraft, building products, shipbuilding
 Packaging industries
 Footwear
 Furniture
 Bookbinding
 Electrical and electronics
Surface Preparation:
For adhesive bonding to succeed, part surfaces must be extremely clean. Bond strength
depends on degree of adhesion between adhesive and adherend, and this depends on
cleanliness of surface. For metals, solvent wiping often used for cleaning, and abrading
surface by sandblasting improves adhesion. For nonmetallic parts, surfaces are sometimes
mechanically abraded or chemically etched to increase roughness.
Advantages of Adhesive Bonding:
 Applicable to a wide variety of materials
 Bonding occurs over entire surface area of joint
 Low temperature curing avoids damage to parts being joined
 Sealing as well as bonding
 Joint design is often simplified, e.g., two flat surfaces can be joined without providing
special part features such as screw holes
Limitations of Adhesive Bonding:
 Joints generally not as strong as other joining methods
 Adhesive must be compatible with materials being joined
 Service temperatures are limited
 Cleanliness and surface preparation prior to application of adhesive are important
 Curing times can limit production rates
 Inspection of bonded joint is difficult

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