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Organ System

The document discusses the organ systems of representative animals. It provides descriptions of the circulatory, respiratory, digestive, excretory, immune, endocrine, nervous, muscular and skeletal systems. It explains how each system functions and their importance to maintaining homeostasis in the body.

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Jane Arsus D. Diaz
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14 views19 pages

Organ System

The document discusses the organ systems of representative animals. It provides descriptions of the circulatory, respiratory, digestive, excretory, immune, endocrine, nervous, muscular and skeletal systems. It explains how each system functions and their importance to maintaining homeostasis in the body.

Uploaded by

Jane Arsus D. Diaz
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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¡Buen día a todos!

Bienvenido al
curso Tierra, Vida y Ciencia
Organ Systems of
Representative Animals
Alam mo ba sagot?
Splook mo yarn!
CIRCULATORY SYSTEM NERVOUS SYSTEM

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM MUSCULAR SYSTEM


IMMUNE SYSTEM DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

SKELETAL SYSTEM URINARY SYSTEM


Uy alam mo ba?
Animals are arguably the most complex organism on this planet. The body is
made up of many, many millions of cells which you cannot see unless you
use a microscope. Special cells come together to make an organ.

An organ is a complex structure within the body. It has a special job or jobs
to do. The body system is a group of parts that work together to serve a
common purpose. Each individual body system works in conjunction with
other body system. It relies on the other systems to work well to maintain
internal stability and balance, otherwise known as homeostasis.
Digestive System

Animal nutrition is the process


of taking in, taking apart and
taking up the nutrients from
the food source. Food
processing has four main
stages: Ingestion, Digestion,
Absorption, and Elimination or
Egestion.
Respiratory System

The respiratory system facilitates


breathing. In the alveoli tissue of the
lungs, the exchange of oxygen and carbon
dioxide molecules between the air and
the bloodstream occurs by passive
transport, so that the oxygen is taken in
and carbon dioxide and water are
removed. Gas exchange is very important
to animals, as they require oxygen in the
production of higher amount of energy
compared to process of production of
energy without oxygen.
Respiratory System

Air as a respiratory medium- As air is


lighter and has more oxygen content
compared to the same volume of water,
ventilation is not much of a problem of
terrestrial organisms.

The tracheal system of insects- It has a


branched network of tracheal tube which
responds to the problem of decreased
surface area in the respiratory structure.
Respiratory System

The tracheal system opens externally through the


side of the insect through a structure called a
spiracle. Air enters and exit through the spiracles.
As the respiratory system of insects are
independent from their circulatory system, gases
are directly exchanged through tracheoles which
have extensions that are directly connected to
the cells. Air sacs act like aspirator which takes in
and push out air out of the body of the insects.
The mammalian respiratory system- Compared to
insects, mammals and other organisms have
respiratory system that work together with their
circulatory system. Gases are transported via
bloodstream and are exchanged via diffusion
Circulatory System

There are different ways in which


animals transport substances
across their body. In animals with
closed circulatory system, the
circulatory fluid does not go out of
the vessel. Exchange occurs
through diffusion via thinner
vessels called capillaries across the
interstitial fluid.
Urinary System

In order to remove wastes, animals have the excretory


system, which enables it to remove excess salt or water in
the body. Waste removal follows the following processes:
1.) Filtration- the mass movement of water and solutes
from plasma to the renal tubule that occurs in the renal
corpuscles.
2.) Reabsorption- the movement of water and solutes from
tubule back into the plasma.
3.) Secretion- the continuous secretion of additional
substances into the tubular fluid, and
4.) Excretion- it is what goes to the urine
Immune System

The immune system is a complex network


of cells and protein that defends the body
against infection. It defends the internal
environment from invading microorganisms
and viruses, as well as cancerous cell
growth. The immune system provides cells
that aid in protection of the body from
disease via antigen/antibody response. A
variety of general responses are also part of
this system.
Endocrine System

The integral parts of the endocrine


system include the hypothalamus,
pituitary gland, pineal body,
thyroid and parathyroid gland,
thymus, adrenal glands, pancreas
and ovary that make hormones.
Hormones are substances which
can cause a reaction to a cell, in
Greek it literally means to excite.
Nervous System

The central nervous system is composed of


the brain and spinal cord, while the
peripheral nervous system is composed of
corresponding structures outside of these
two organs of the nervous system. The
central nervous system is responsible for
data/information processing which is
gathered by the peripheral nervous
system. Upon processing, the CNS transmit
the message again to the PNS, which then
convey the message for the appropriate
response.
Muscular System

The muscular system is an organ


system consisting of skeletal
muscles which are composed of
muscle cells called the muscle fiber,
the cardiac muscle or the heart
muscle with involuntary kind of
movement, and the smooth muscle
which is controlled directly by the
autonomic nervous system.
Skeletal System
It provides support and
protection, and attachment
points for muscles. The skeletal
system provides rigid
framework for movement. It
supports and protects the body
and its parts, produces blood
cells, and stores minerals.

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