IGCSE: Physics Topic: Energy Time: 40 Minutes

Marks:30

Choose the correct option.

1. A tidal power station is made by building a barrage across the mouth of a river. At high tide thesea water is
trapped behind the barrage.

At low tide the water is allowed to flow back into the sea
through a turbine. What is the useful energy change in a
tidal power station?

A electrical energy→ energy of position (potential)

B electrical energy→ energy of motion (kinetic)

C energy of motion (kinetic)→energy of position

(potential)

D energy of position (potential)→electrical energy

2. child pushes a toy car along a level floor and then

lets it go. As the car slows down, what is the main energy change?

A from chemical to heat B from chemical to kinetic

C from kinetic to gravitational (potential) D from kinetic to heat.

3. The diagram shows a cyclist riding along a hilly road. At which position does the cyclist have the least
gravitational (potential) energy?

4. A man standing at the top of a cliff throws a stone. Which forms of energy does the stone have at X and at Y?
 5. A skier walks from the bottom of a ski slope to the top and gains 10000J of gravitational potential energy. She
skis down the slope. At the bottom of the slope, her kinetic energy is 2000J.

How much energy was converted into thermal energy and

sound energy as the skier moved down the slope?

A 2000J

B 8000J

C 10000J

D 12000J

6. A person uses chemical energy to run up some stairs.

She stops at the top of the stairs. What has the chemical energy
been converted to when she is at the top of the stairs?

A kinetic energy and gravitational energy

B kinetic energy and strain energy

C gravitational energy and heat energy

D strain energy and heat energy

7. cyclist travels down a hill from rest at point X, without pedalling. The cyclist applies his brakes and the cycle stops
at point Y.

Which energy changes have taken place between X and Y?

A gravitational potential → kinetic → thermal (heat)

B gravitational potential → thermal (heat) → kinetic

C kinetic → gravitational potential → thermal (heat)

D kinetic → thermal (heat) → gravitational potential

8. Which device is designed to convert chemical energy into kinetic energy (energy of motion)?

A an a. c. generator B a battery-powered torch C a car engine D a wind-up mechanical clock

9. A child pushes a toy car along a horizontal surface and then releases it. As the car slows down, what is the main
energy transfer?

A from chemical to thermal B from chemical to kinetic

C from kinetic to gravitational (potential) D from kinetic to thermal

10. A mass hangs vertically from a spring. The mass is raised to a point P and is then released. The mass oscillates
repeatedly between point P and a lower point Q. Which energies alternately increase and decrease throughout
the oscillations?

A gravitational potential energy, kinetic energy and elastic energy

B gravitational potential energy and kinetic energy only
C gravitational potential energy, kinetic energy and internal energy
D internal energy and elastic energy
 Answer the following.

1. Fig. 4.1 shows an electric motor and pulley wheel being used to raise a load M. The electric motor uses a belt to
turn the pulley wheel.

(a) When the electric motor lifts the load, it transfers energy. Fig. 4.2 shows the energy transfers. Write on Fig. 4.2 to
complete the label in each box. The first label is done for you.

[3]

2. Fig. 2.1 shows two identical metal blocks, A and B, being lifted 3.0m from ground level. Block A is lifted by a motor.
Block B is lifted by a person.

(a) Complete the following sentences.

(i) As the motor starts turning, it usefully transfers ............................................... energy to ...............................................
energy. [2]

(ii) Both blocks gain ............................................... energy. [1]

(b) Both blocks are lifted at the same steady speed. The blocks are then held at a height of 3.0m.
(i) Compare the energy gained by block A with the energy gained by block B.

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) Explain why the energy input to the motor is more than the energy gained by block
A. ................................................................................................................................................................................

………………………………............................................................................................................................................

..………………………………………....................................................................................................................................... [2]

3. (a) Table 3.1 contains incomplete information about the input energy and the useful output energy for a number
of devices. The table is only complete for the microphone. Complete Table 3.1 by writing in each blank space.

(b) A tennis player hits a ball over the net and it bounces as shown in Fig. 3.1.

(i) Complete the sentences about energy transfers.

1. When the player swings the tennis racket, his body converts ................................. energy to .................................
energy. [1]

2. When the tennis ball is moving upwards, the ball gains ................................. energy. [1]

(ii) Explain why the height gained by the ball decreases with each successive bounce.

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

4. (a) (i) State the principle of conservation of energy.

...........................................................................................................................................
 ..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) Fig. 4.1 shows a type of light bulb. Energy changes occur when electrical energy is supplied to the light bulb, as
shown in Fig. 4.1

Calculate the wasted energy when the total input energy is 500J. Use information from Fig. 4.1.

wasted energy = ....................................................... J [2]

(iii) Describe the effect of the wasted energy on the air surrounding the light bulb.

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) Table 4.1 lists situations in which energy is stored. Complete Table 4.1 by naming the form of energy stored in each
situation.