Analyse the following beam by element approach of flexibility method.

Analyse & Draw BMD & elastic

curve

2m 1m
B
C HC
40KN/M

6
m 10KN/M DOI = 4-3 = 1 1

A
m
In this case co-ordinates 3 is acting along BC reaction should be found out
3x
2 4x
1
2x
3
3

VC
4 Local Co-ordiantes
Released structure

Since co-ordinates [Global & local ] are same as previous problem [A] [Fx] [F] is same.

To find force vector {P}:

RBA
2 2
MFBA −w l −10∗6
M FAB = =
12 12

6 = -30KN-m
10KN/M 2 2
w l 10∗6
M FBA = =
RAB 12 12
A MFAB = 30KN-m
 10∗6
RAB = =30 KN =RBA
2
40KN/m
Mb 3b
2m MFBC = [2− ]
l l
C
B
1m 40∗1 3∗1
= [2− ]
3 3

MFBC MFCBC = 13.33 KN-m

RBC RCB

Ma 3a
MFCB = [2− ]
l l

40∗2 3∗2
= [2− ]
3 3

MFCB = 0 KN-m

ε M B =0

-RCB * 3 + 40 + 13.33 = 0

RCB = +17.77 KN-m

RBC = -17.77 KN-m

{ }{ }{ }{ }
P1 0 30+13.33 −43.33
P2 0 0 0
= − =
P3 0 −30 30
P4 V C 17.77 V C −17.77

To find {Δ}:

[F] {P} = {Δ}

[ ]{ } { }
6 6 18 −18 −43.33 D1
1 6 7.5 18 −20.25 0 D
= 2
EI 18 18 72 −54 30 D3
−18 −20.25 −54 58.4 V C −17.77 0
[−18
18 18
−20.25 ]{
0 }[
−43.33 + 72 −54 30
−54 58.4 V C −17.77
D
= 3
0]{ }{ }
{−779.94
779.94 }[ 72
−54
−54
]{ 30
58.4 V C −17.77 }{ }
D
= 3 −−−−1
0

-840.06 + 58.4 (VC - 77.77) = 0

-840.06 + 58.4 VC - 1037.76 = 0

58.4 VC = 1877.8

VC = 32.15 KN

VC – 17.77 = 14.38 KN

Sub VC in equation 1 we get

{−779.94 }[
779.94 −54
72
]{ } { }
−54 30
58.4 32.15
D
= 3
0

D3 = -356.04 1/EI D1 = +21.54 1/EI

D2 = - 11.17 1/EI

[P] = [PFEM] + [A] {P}

{ } { }[ ]{ }
P1 −30 −1 −1 −6 3 −43.33
P2 1 1 0 −3
= 30 + 0
P3 13.33 0 −1 0 3 30
0 0 1 0 0 14.38 1m
P4

{ }{ }
−30 −93.53
30 + −86.47
=
13.33 43.14
0 0

{ }{ }
P1 −123.53
P2
= −56.47
P3 56.47
P4 0
56.47 56.47 56.41 40 KN-m
0

40/3
40/3
13.33 0
56.41
123.53 26.60
123.53
 3)Analyse the rigid jointed frame shown in fig by flexibility method using force transformation matrix
and draw BMD

36 KN-m
B
24 KN 6m DOI = 4-3 = 1
2I 3m 1
I
6m 2I D 2

Released structure:

HD

VA HA

Hinge
Hinge

VD

1 2

4
3

HD
 Released structures with co-ordinates

Choosing HD as redundant

To find [A] :

1 0
C
B 0 0

0 0
1/6
A
1/6

{}
0
0
1
A1 =
0
0 0
0 1
0
0
1
ε M A =0

-VD*6 + 1=0 0 0

VD = 1/6
1/6
1/6
 {}
0
0
0
A2 =
1
0 6
0 6m 0
1 0
1

0
VD 1

{}
0
−6
6
A3 =
0
0
0

ε M A =0

-VD * 6 + (1*6) = 0

VD = 1
6
6m 0 1*3 = 3

1
3m 1 3m

0
0
VD =0.5

0.5

ε M A =0

-VD *6 + (VC*3) = 0
VD = +3/6 = 0.5

{}
0
−6
6
A4 =
−3
3
0

[ ]
0 0 0 0
0 0 −6 −6
1 0 6 6
[A] =
0 1 0 −3
0 0 0 3
0 0 0 0

To find [F]

For element 1

[ ]
l −l
1 3 6
[F*]1 =
EI −l l
6 3

[ ]
6 −6
1 3 6
=
2 EI −6 6
6 3

[Fx]1 =
1
[ 1
EI −0.5
−0.5
1 ]
For element 2

[ ]
l −l
1 3 6
[Fx]2 =
EI −l l
6 3

[ ]
6 −6
1 3 6
=
2 EI −6 6
6 3
Fx]2 =
1
[ 1
EI −0.5
−0.5
1 ]
For element 3

[ ]
l −l
1 3 6
[Fx]3 =
EI −l l
6 3

[ ]
3 −3
1 3 6
=
EI −3 3
6 3

[Fx]3 =
1
[ 1
EI −0.5
−0.5
1 ]

[ ]
1 −0.5 0 0 0 0
−0.5 1 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 1 −0.5 0 0
[Fx] =
EI 0 0 −0.5 1 0 0
0 0 0 0 1 −0.5
0 0 0 0 −0.5 1

Consider [Fx] [A]

[ ][ ]
1 −0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
−0.5 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 −6 −6
1 0 0 1 −0.5 0 0 1 0 6 6
EI 0 0 −0.5 1 0 0 0 1 0 −3
0 0 0 0 1 −0.5 0 0 0 3
0 0 0 0 −0.5 1 0 0 0 0

[ ]
0 0 3 3
0 0 −6 −6
1 1 −0.5 6 7.5
EI −0.5 1 −3 −6
0 0 0 3
0 0 0 −1.5

[F] = [A]T [Fx] [A]

 ][ ]
0 0 0 0

[
0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 −6 −6
1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 −0.5 6 7.5
=
EI 0 −6 6 0 0 0 −0.5 1 −3 −6
0 −6 6 −3 3 0 0 0 0 3
0 0 0 −1.5

[ ]
1 −0.5 6 7.5
−0.5 1 −3 −6 1
[F] =
6 −3 72 81 EI
7.5 −6 81 10.8

To find force vector

{P} = {Pn} – {PFEM}

{ } {} { }
0 0 0
36 − 0 = 36
=
24 0 24
HD 0 HD

We know that

[F] [P] = [Δ]

[ ]{ } { }
1 −0.5 6 7.5 0 D1
−0.5 1 −3 −6 36 D
= = 2
6 −3 72 81 24 D3
7.5 −6 81 10.8 H D 0

(7.5*0) – (6*36) + (81*24) + 108HD = 0

108 HD = -1728

HD = -16KN

(1*0) – (0.5*36) + (6*24) + (7.5*(-16)) = D1

D1 = 6/EI

(-0.5*0) + (1*36) – (3*24) – (6*(-16)) = D2

D2 = 60/EI

(6*0) – [3*36) + (72*24) + (81*(-16)) = D3

 D3 = 324/EI

{P} = {PFEM} + [A] {P}

{ } [ ]{ } { }
0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 −6 −6 0 −48
=
0 +1 0 6 6 36 = 48
0 0 1 0 −3 24 + 84
0 0 0 0 3 −16 −48
0 0 0 0 0 0

4.

C
B

2 3
5

Released Structure
6
4

5.
2 HD
3

1 Released Structure

2 3
C B C 4
B
Only if the load is present on the beam BC, then the co-ordinate at C should be taken

Analysis of truss by flexibility method (element approach)

1.Find the displacement at nodes and forces in the members for a truss shown in figure
200KN
C 100KN

4m 5m 5m

θ θ
A

6m

DOI = m + R – 2J

= 3+3 – (2*3)

DOI = 0

1 System and element co-ordinates

2
1

1
1 2

3
3
 System co-ordinates

2 Load vector

{ }
100
{P} = −200
0

3 To derive force transformation matrix [A]

[F]3*3 {P}3*1 = {Δ}3*1

[F] 3*3 = [A]T3*3[Fx]3*3[A]3*3

1 1st column of matrix [A]

C
1
θ θ

4m 5m
5m

A θ θ B

2
2 VB =
VA =- 3
3 6m

ε M FA=0 1
C
1*4 – VB * 6 = 0 θ θ
A11
2 A21
VB =
3
 2
VA = -
3

Consider joints C

ε F x =0

1 + A21 cos θ – A11 cos θ = 0

3 3
A21 – A11 = -1 ----------1
5 5

ε F y =0

-A11 sinθ – A21 sinθ = 0

A11 = - A21 ---------2

Sub equation in 1

3 3
A21 + A21 = -1
5 5

A21 = -5/6

A11 = 5/6

Consider joints B

ε F x =0
A21
-A31 – A21 cosθ = 0

5 3
-A31 – (- ) X )=0 A31 2/3
6 5
A31 = ½

{}
5
6
−5
{A}1 =
6
1
2

To find second column of [A]

 {}
A 21 C
[A]2 = A 22
1
A 23

ε M A =0

+1*3 + (vB*6) = 0 A B
0
VB = -½ θ
θ
ε F y =0
VA = ½ VB = ½
1 – ½ + VA = 0

VA = -1 + ½ = - ½

VA= -½

Consider joint A

ε F y =0
A21
A21 sin θ – ½ = 0
θ
4
A21 X – ½ = 0 A31
5
½
5
A21 = ½ *
4
A21= 0.625

ε F x =0

A21 cosθ + A31 = 0

3
A31 = -0.625X
5
A31= -0.375

Consider joints B

ε F y =0 A22

-A31 – A22 cosθ = 0 θ

A22= 0.625
A22 cosθ = -A31
A31 ½
5
= 0.375 *
3

{ }{ }
A 12 0.625
A 22 = 0.625
A 32 −0.375

To find 3rd column of [A] θ

{}
A 13
{A}3 = A 23
A 33
B

A
1
C

Consider Joint B

ε F y =0

4
A23* =0
5
θ θ
A23= 0 A31 A23

ε F x =0

3
-A23* -A33*1 = 0
5
A33= 1

A23
ε F x =0 θ

3 1
-A23* -A13 cos θ = 0 A33
A135= 0
 {}
0
{A3} = 0
1

[ ]
5
0.625 0
6
−5
[A] = 0.625 0
6
1
−0.375 1
2

4 To find member force

{P*} = [A] {P}

[ ]{ }
5
0.625 0
6
−5 100
= 0.625 0 −200
6
0
1
−0.375 1
2

{ }
−41.66
{P*} = −208.3
125

To find displacements equation 1 & 2 are used

5) To find [F*]

[ ]
l
( ) 0 0
AE 1
l
[F*] = 0 ( ) 0
AE 2
l
0 0 ( )
AE 3

[ ]
5 0 0
1
[F*] = 0 5 0
AE
0 0 6
[F] = [A]T [F*] [A]

Consider [F*] [A]

[ ]
5
0.625 0

[ ]
5 0 0 6
1
= 0 5 0 −5/6 0.625 0
AE
0 0 6 1
−0.375 1
2

[ ]
4.16 3.125 0
1
= −4.16 3.125 0
AE
3 −2.25 6

[ ]
5 −5 1

[ ]
4.16 3.125 0
6 6 2 1
[F] = −4.16 3.125 0
0.625 0.625 −0.375 AE
3 −2.25 6
0 0 1

[ ]
8.43 −1.125 3
1
[F] = −1.125 4.75 −2.25
AE
3 −2.25 6

7) To find Displacement

[F] {P} = {Δ}

[ ]{ } { }
8.43 −1.125 3 100 D1
1
−1.125 4.75 −2.25 −200 = D2
AE
3 −2.25 6 0 D3

{ }{ }
D1 1065 1
D2 = −1062.5
AE
D3 750

Choose the force in the member BD (5) as redundant.

75KN

1 50KN
C
B

3m 4 5 2
1

A 3 D

4m
1 VB
 Released Structure

To determine degree of indeterminacy

EI = R-EQ = 5-3 = 2

(only if external loads are there, Total indeterminacy co-ordinates are taken)

= m+R – 2 J

= 5+5-(2*4)

=2

II = 0

2) To get the [A]

To get the 1st column of [A]

C 1
B

3m 5m 3m

θ
1 D
A 4m

VD= 3/4
Consider joints C

ε F x =0

-A41 cosθ + 1 = 0

4
-A41 * +1=0
5
5
A41 =
4
ε F y =0

-A21 – A41 sin θ = 0

5 3
-A21 - X =0
4−3 5
A21 =
4

{ }{ }
0
A11 −3
A 21 4
A1 = A 31 = 0
A 41 5
A 51 4
0

Consider joints D

ε F x =0
A21

A31 = 0

A31
Reaction = VD
To get the 2nd column of [A]