March/April 2023

Vol. 36, No. 2

CONCRETE REPAIR BULLETIN

• FIRE
• IMPACT
• BLAST

REPAIRS
AFTER
EXTRAORDINARY
EVENTS
 Concrete Repair Bulletin March/April 2023
is published bimonthly by the: Vol. 36, No. 2
International Concrete Repair Institute, Inc.
1000 Westgate Drive, Suite 252
St. Paul, MN 55114
www.icri.org CONCRETE REPAIR BULLETIN
For information about this publication or about
membership in ICRI, write to the above address,
phone (651) 366­6095, fax (651) 290­2266, or FEATURES
email [email protected]. The opinions expressed in
Concrete Repair Bulletin articles are those of
the authors and do not necessarily represent
14 Reusable Form of Infinite Shape and Size—A Sustainable
the position of the editors or of the International Product for the Repair Industry
Concrete Repair Institute, Inc.
by Mo Ehsani
ISSN: 1055­2936
Copyright © 2023 International Concrete Repair 18 A Burning Ring of Fire: Techniques for Restoring Concrete
Institute, Inc. (ICRI). All rights reserved. Tunnels after Catastrophic Fires
by Stephen Sistrunk and Kent Sasaki
Executive Director Eric Hauth 23 Surface Restoration for Concrete Structures
Associate Executive Director Sarah Ewald
Technical Director Dave Fuller by Wayne Lawrence
Program Director Dale Regnier
Sponsorship/Ad Sales Jacob Nelson
Marketing Rebecca Wegscheid DEPARTMENTS
Editor Jerry Phenney
CRB Design/Production Sue Peterson 2 President's Message 28 Chapter Committee Chair's Letter
4 TAC Talk 29 Concrete Repair Calendar
6 Safety Solutions 29 Association News
8 Women in ICRI 33 Product Innovation
10 Certification Update 35 New ICRI Members
ICRI Administrative Committee Chairs 36 Index of Advertisers
12 ICRI Supporting Members
ICRI Board of Directors & Executive Committee 27 Chapter News
ICRI President Pierre Hébert
Sika Canada, Inc.
Awards Kenneth Hopfensperger
Euclid Chemical ICRI Mission and Strategic Plan Benefit Members and the Industry
Certification Tom Donnelly
Sika Corporation INDUSTRY LEADERSHIP PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT
ICRI will be the state­of­the­art, trusted ICRI will develop and deliver programs,
Chapters Jon Connealy and reliable source of delivering best products, and services that provide
BASF Master Builders Solutions USA industry practices and professional knowledge, build skills, and validate expertise.
networks in the repair industry.
Conventions Pat Gallagher • Expand certification
PULLMAN • Develop industry professionals • Quality programs and products
• Professional networks • Enhanced product program services
Coordination Brian MacNeil • Champion innovation and safety
Mac & Mac Hydrodemolition
Education Bryan Heery
Everclear Enterprises, Inc.
Fellows Ralph C. Jones ICRI Vision: ICRI will be the ICRI Mission: ICRI provides
Structural Engineering Associates center for repair leadership education, certification,
supporting a profession built networking and leadership to
Finance David Karins on science and craftsmanship improve the quality of repair,
Karins Engineering Group, Inc. making the built world safer restoration, and protection/
Marketing Ed Kluckowski and longer lasting. preservation of concrete and
Freyssinet, Inc. other material systems.
Membership Angela Echols
Watson Bowman Acme
Technical Activities Matt Sherman ORGANIZATION STRENGTH ORGANIZATION CREDIBILITY
ICRI will have the resources, staff, ICRI will be a well­connected organization
Simpson Gumpertz & Heger, Inc and structures to fully support backed by a recognized and respected brand
Women in ICRI Tara Toren­Rudisill its strategic priorities. locally, nationally, and globally.
Thornton Tomasetti • Engage members • Strengthen strategic partnerships
• Strengthen chapters • Strengthen brand
• Grow staff capacity and capabilities • Engagement of diverse participants
• Serve members

The International Concrete Repair Institute is the leading resource

ONTHE
THE COVER:
for education and information to improve the quality of repair,
ON COVER:Images
This from
phototechnical
showsarticle "A Burning
the rehab­
Ring of Fire: Techniques for Restoring Concrete Tunnels
ilitated bell towers at The Chapel at Bowdoin restoration, and protection of concrete. Visit www.icri.org.
after Catastrophic Fires" on page 28.
College in Brunswick, ME. For more information
on this project, see the article on page 20.
WWW.ICRI.ORG MARCH/APRIL 2023 CONCRETE REPAIR BULLETIN 1
PRESIDENT'SMESSAGE
What’s in It for Me?
In January, ICRI formally kicked off its 35th
Anniversary Year in style at World of Concrete
(WOC) in Las Vegas. It was another great ICRI
networking event demonstrating the amazing
personal connections that make ICRI such a
special organization.
Now that WOC is back in full swing, we experi-
PIERRE HÉBERT enced great interest in ICRI at our booth with
visits from industry professionals throughout
North America and the world. Internationally, we spoke with rep-
resentatives from Nigeria, Australia, and New Zealand as well as
concrete repair professionals from Latin American countries
including Mexico, Guatemala, Chile, Costa Rica, and Honduras.
There’s a clear need for the technical guidelines and education
provided by ICRI—and that word is spreading!
Virtual meetings through technology kept us going during the the Apple Store and Google Play in early 2023 and shows that
pandemic. In this age of virtual communications, we’re fortunate ICRI is continually looking for innovative ways to advance the
to have tools that make remote work possible. But what our expe- quality of concrete repair and restoration.
rience in Las Vegas once again demonstrated is that they are no Speaking of technology, behind the scenes, the single biggest
substitutes for face-to-face activities that help establish strong goal for ICRI’s 35th Anniversary Year is to put in place next-gen-
relationships, build trust, and connect with people on a deeper eration technology that will power our association for the next
level. Businesses are built on relationships! 10-15 years. We’ve heard our members loud and clear that we
Whether it’s our kick-off party and booth presence at WOC, a local need a website, association database, and learning management
ICRI chapter event, or an ICRI Convention, we are committed to system that provide a seamless user experience. The ICRI staff
offering the best possible opportunities to help you connect with team have spent extensive time and effort over the past year
colleagues in the industry. Think about it, we might just bring you determining the future needs of the organization. I’m excited to
your best business relationship opportunity at one of our in-person report that, as of this writing, ICRI has finalized its plans to build
events! That’s my message for you as we gear up for ICRI’s Spring and launch a new platform that will give our members a first-class
Convention, April 17-19, in beautiful Vancouver, BC, hosted by our online experience, enabling better access to tools, resources, and
British Columbia Chapter. If you haven’t already, take the next online education.
step, register at www.icri.org and join us for what promises to be As we move into this, our 35th Anniversary Year, I have nothing
a highlight experience of the year! but gratitude for all the volunteers and staff who have helped to
In addition to great networking, ICRI is very focused on our mission build ICRI into what it is today and for the path they have laid out
to advance the quality of concrete repair and restoration through for an even more impactful future. So, when you wonder, “what’s
education, training, and practical tools. New offerings coming soon in it for me?” find your local ICRI chapter (www.icri.org/page/chap-
include: ters), participate in one of the local events, or find a way to get
involved with ICRI international. I guarantee that from these expe-
• Applicator-focused training based on ICRI’s Concrete Surface
riences, you’ll understand why ICRI has reached this incredible
Repair Technician (CSRT) program. This program (planned to
milestone and why the future looks even brighter.
pilot in Q3 this year) will leverage the knowledge contained
in the CSRT program to provide hands-on training on best Don’t hesitate to reach out to me directly with your thoughts or
practices in concrete surface repair. suggestions about how we can continue to make ICRI an even
stronger organization for you, our members. Feel free to contact
• New online educational modules of ICRI’s very successful
me at [email protected] (your input will be forwarded). Thank you for
Concrete Slab Moisture Testing (CSMT) program. We antici-
your continued support of ICRI.
pate launching this online offering in Q2 of this year.
• New fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) learning modules. After
extensive volunteer work on this important initiative, ICRI Your President,
anticipates launching these new online modules by Q4 of this
year. Pierre Hébert
We are also pleased to launch ICRI’s first digital mobile app to Pierre (Pete) Hébert
assist members and non-members on the job site! This app—
designed to help assess rebar cleanliness—will be launched on

2 CONCRETE REPAIR BULLETIN MARCH/APRIL 2023 WWW.ICRI.ORG

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TACTALK
Our job as TAC is to support our technical • Hearing all voices: The balloting process ensures that
committees and we look forward to working everyone on the committee is heard. Everyone on the
with them. For more information on what committee can submit comments—it's not just the loudest
our committees are doing, you can find voice in the room.
descriptions of each committee online at • Fairness: All the comments submitted in response to a
www.icri.org/page/Committees and you will ballot must be fairly considered through a defined
also see committee summaries in this and process that includes the person submitting the
upcoming CRB issues. comment. The comment may lead to a change or
MATT SHERMAN
modification, or it may not be accepted, but it will receive
As described in the prior TACTalk, our four TAC objectives a fair consideration by the entirety of the committee.
for this year are centered on helping our committees, with
the first objective for the year to improve our internal • Documentation: The process for addressing ballot
processes. We have started that with a new, easier method comments can seem robust, but it ensures that a
for the TAC liaisons and committee chairs to keep up to date documented record of the valuable work is retained. This
with their “to-do” lists while cutting out some of the longer- enhances trust in the process and in the final work
form paperwork that we used to use. We are also developing product itself.
the next installment of our committee chair training, focusing • Quality: The review of the work product by the committee
on our consensus process and the associated balloting. and check by TAC ensures that our quality is maintained.
Rather than starting with the nuance and the mechanisms of The industry relies on us for this, and we must maintain
balloting, we will begin with the underlying “why” of our our standards.
consensus process, and then the “how” will fall into place.
In the context of these underlying principles, our balloting
The consensus process is fundamental to our work; it allows process becomes clearer because it is simply the tool to
ICRI to be viewed as an impartial supporter of the industry meet these objectives. As an example, our process of
as a whole and not as an advocate for a particular process, resolving a negative by committee ballot starts with a member
material, or product. It can seem slow and ponderous, but it with applicable knowledge, hears from that member during
is foundational to the value and applicability of our brand. the process, fairly considers their suggestion in open forum,
The key components of this process include: agrees on a resolution in a documented manner, and
• Accuracy and Applicability: The technical accuracy that maintains the quality of our document.
results from our ability to tap into the knowledge of
suppliers, contractors, designers, and others is a key Matt Sherman is chair of the ICRI Technical Activities
differentiator. Through it, we ensure that we are bringing Committee (TAC).
the best knowledge and perspectives of our industry to
bear.

Concrete Surface Profile

Chips and Guideline

Available at
www.icri.org
4 CONCRETE REPAIR BULLETIN MARCH/APRIL 2023 WWW.ICRI.ORG
 Make a Difference…
JOIN AN ICRI
TECHNICAL COMMITTEE
ARE YOU A CONTRACTOR, ENGINEER, OR SUPPLIER...
• looking to network with repair engineers to increase your business opportunities?
• wanting to learn new repair technologies and new repair materials to improve your
work efficiency?
• wanting to support design professionals in improving their design documents?

ICRI TECHNICAL COMMITTEES YOUR COMMITMENT:

110 – Guide Specifications Travel—Committee meetings are hybrid during
120 – Environmental Health & Safety ICRI Conventions. Attend in person and increase
your networking opportunities, or attend virtually
130 – Contracts, Warranties and Agreements from your office or home. Between conventions, all
160 – Life Cycle and Sustainability committee meetings are held virtually.
210 – Evaluation Time—Active participation is encouraged and a time
310 – Surface Preparation commitment is necessary.

320 – Concrete Repair Materials & Methods If you become a voting committee member, you are
required to VOTE at approximately 2-3 ballots per
330 – Strengthening and Stabilization year. If you elect to be a consulting member, voting
410 – Masonry will not be required.
510 – Corrosion Easy to Join—Sign up through the ICRI website or
710 – Coatings and Waterproofing contact ICRI Technical Director Dave Fuller.

www.icri.org/page/committees [email protected] +1 651.366.6095 www.icri.org/page/job-board

INTERNATIONAL CONCRETE REPAIR INSTITUTE RESTORE | REPURPOSE | RENEW

SAFETYSOLUTIONS
Stopping the “Invincible Minute”
How often in our construction industry have for injuries to happen and lives to change for the worse. There
we heard something like one of these is no minimum or maximum amount of time attached to the
statements: PPE we are required to wear or the safety procedures we
follow in the workplace. There is no such thing as an
“I knew the excavation wasn’t stabilized “Invincible Minute.” We need to engrain that into our teams’
yet. But I was just going in for a minute.” heads to get them to not only believe it but to preach it and
“I left my helmet in the truck, but I was teach it to others.
BRIAN MacNEIL only getting out for a minute.”
ICRI encourages each of us to promote this message in the
“Don’t worry about your safety glasses, we’ll just be a workplace and through our social networks. The hashtag
minute.” #whywearesafe is a reminder of the collateral damage that
“It’s only a tiger. I’ll just be in its cage for a minute.” happens when there is an injury in the workplace. A broken
arm, a hurt back, eye injury, or burn are all examples of the
“It takes less than a minute to back into place. No spotter
initial damage that can happen during a job site incident.
needed.”
The shrapnel from the initial damage hits the mental health
“I’m just going up for a minute to have a look. Don’t worry of our fellow workers and trades as they worry and second-
about the harness.” guess the causes of what happened. The inability to interact,
“Forget the hearing protection. We’ll only be a minute.” support, and participate with our families in our day-to-day
lives due to injury/incident can have long-lasting ripples well
A lot can happen in “a minute.” So why do so many people past the healing of a physical injury.
believe that they have at least one invincible minute when
they need it? So how can we ensure that we can all high five our best
friends? Take our dogs for a walk? Hug and carry our children?
A cave-in. A wrench falling from a five-foot height. Debris Live a healthy and happy life unhindered by workplace
getting stuck in an eye. A truck hitting a piece of equipment. incidents? Let’s always send our teams home in a better
A personal fall from scaffolding. A noise loud enough to burst condition than when they showed up for work. The best way
an ear drum. All of these and more take only a second to to achieve this for us and our colleagues is to promote,
make a devastating impact. Let alone a minute. In truth, it enforce, and demonstrate proper safety procedures for every
only takes a fraction of a second for an accident to happen. minute spent on every job. No exceptions.
So why is “a minute” so often used as an excuse?
Spread the word and share your story about #whywearesafe.
It's important for us to emphasize with our project teams and
partners that “a minute” provides hundreds of opportunities Brian MacNeil is ICRI President-Elect.

UPCOMING WEBINAR
April 11
Webinars Corrosion in
Concrete
Structures
by Jorge Costa | President of Durability, Inc.

6 CONCRETE REPAIR BULLETIN MARCH/APRIL 2023 WWW.ICRI.ORG

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WOMENINICRI
SPOTLIGHT— Eri Vokshi
by Michelle Nobel

Eri Vokshi is a senior product engineer Eri is married and lives in West Palm Beach, Florida, with
for CFRP and Corrosion Products at her husband and five-year-old daughter. They love being
Sika Corporation and a 2022 ICRI 40 on the water fishing—both offshore and freshwater—and
Under 40 Award Winner. Eri has been their movie nights at home. Eri has learned that she can
in ICRI for over three years and is a build mental strength through exercising so she’s trained
member of ICRI Committee herself to love working out and recently completed her first
330-Strengthening and Stabilization obstacle course challenge.
and the Women in ICRI Committee. She
ERI VOKSHI is also a voting member of ACI 440 and All in all, Eri enjoys sharing her knowledge and growing
the chair of the ACI 440E Committee. through learning. She values the importance of working for
a good company and is so thankful for the great people at
Eri loves learning about innovative building materials, such Sika and organizations such as ICRI that help support us to
as FRPs, and their behavior in various applications. She likes become the next generation of female leaders in the con-
presenting and sharing her knowledge with engineers and struction industry!
contractors. She is passionate about supporting women in
the construction industry and is so grateful for the Women It’s been a pleasure to get to know Eri and have her be a
in ICRI and their embrace of females in our organization! part of this great organization and a member of the Women
in ICRI Committee. I’m excited and encouraged to see ICRI
The career achievements that Eri is most proud of are the attract such a dynamic young woman who will help lead
ICRI’s 40 Under 40 award, being involved firsthand in devel- ICRI for the next generation. Like so many of the people
oping a new product and taking it to market successfully, who came before, I see Eri making many friends and con-
and receiving her Professional Engineering license. tributions to ICRI and the Women in ICRI.

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8 CONCRETE REPAIR BULLETIN MARCH/APRIL 2023 WWW.ICRI.ORG

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CERTIFICATIONUPDATE
CSMT PROGRAM OUT WEST
The ICRI Concrete Slab Moisture Testing (CSMT) Program was held twice in Las Vegas
during January/February 2023—World of Concrete, January 17–19; and TISE Surfaces
Event, January 31–February 2.

ICRI hosted 27 individuals during World of Concrete at the Las Vegas Convention Center.
Nineteen individuals participated in the entire CSMT Program—Education Course and
Certification Course—including a demonstration and workshop, and performance exams
in the South Hall. Five individuals participated in the Education Course only and three
individuals were re-certified in the CSMT program.

ICRI congratulates winners of the drilling contest that accompanied the testing of ASTM
F2170 during the CSMT program at World of Concrete: Chris Tull, Jon Dalton, and Larry
Huff—all did an excellent job of hitting closest to the 2-inch mark.
Pictured are the winners of the World of Concrete
Two weeks after World of Concrete, ICRI was back in Las Vegas hosting 14 more drilling contest: (left to right) Chris Tull (3rd place),
individuals in the CSMT program during TISE Surfaces at the Mandalay Bay Convention Jon Dalton (1st place), and Larry Huff (2nd place)
Center. Four individuals participated in the Education Course, there was one
re-certification, and nine individuals
were newly certified in the CSMT
Program. During the drilling contest
ICRI presented gift cards to Ko Kelii,
Kevin Osbourne, and Blaze Bajet.

If your company or chapter wishes to

schedule and host the CSMT Program,
please contact ICRI Program Director
Dale Regnier, [email protected], and
provide him with the contact
information for the point person who
ICRI CSMT instructors Adam Bakeman and Roland Vierra are pic- will be in charge of coordinating the
Pictured are the winners of the TISE Surfaces drilling
tured with the entire CSMT class from Surfaces 2023 in Las Vegas. event, the proposed exam location, contest: (left to right) Ko Kelli (3rd place), Kevin
Everyone who took the class passed! Congratulations!
and potential date(s). Osbourne (1st place), and Blaze Bajet (2nd place)

Concrete Slab Moisture Testing (CSMT) Concrete Surface Repair Technician (CSRT)
If you are involved with the measuring or assessment of Education Course—Gain essential knowledge and training from
moisture in concrete floor slabs, ICRI’s CSMT program is for your office or home
you!
 Build a foundation for concrete surface repair, inspections, and
Comprehensive Education and Certification Courses will give
testing
you the knowledge and skills to:
Improve the performance of concrete slab moisture  Full online training that includes five competency-based modules
testing
 Take this course by itself or get certified through the certification
Report more consistent, accurate, and reliable test results course
Make better decisions on when a concrete slab is ready Certification Course—Demonstrate knowledge and competency to
for a floor covering installation stand out from the crowd
Reduce risks for your clients and your team
 Qualifies you to perform pre- and post-placement inspections and
testing

 Includes the five online training modules in the education course,

an online knowledge exam, and performance exam on ASTM test
methods (video recorded or live)

Learn more at www.icri.org

CERTIFICATION Questions? Contact ICRI Program Director Dale Regnier at [email protected]

10 CONCRETE REPAIR BULLETIN MARCH/APRIL 2023 WWW.ICRI.ORG

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 SUPPORTINGMEMBERS
ICRI would like to thank its Supporting Members,
whose dedication to ICRI is greatly appreciated, and...

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12 CONCRETE REPAIR BULLETIN MARCH/APRIL 2023 WWW.ICRI.ORG

SUPPORTINGMEMBERS
...your continued support greatly enhances programs both
within ICRI and the concrete repair industry as a whole.

www.structural.net

www.miracote.com www.hpsubfloors.com

www.terracon.com
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www.tecservices.com
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www.prosoco.com
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www.prospec.com

www.westerngroup.com
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www.whitecap.com
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WWW.ICRI.ORG MARCH/APRIL 2023 CONCRETE REPAIR BULLETIN 13

Reusable Form of Infinite Shape
and Size—A Sustainable Product
for the Repair Industry
by Mo Ehsani

(a) (b)
Fig. 1: A roll of FLF (a) and samples of spacers, rebar holders and grout injection port (b)

INTRODUCTION problem is especially arduous when the columns are not

Repair of columns in existing buildings and bridges is a easily accessible.
challenging task. In many structures—such as bridges,
parking garages, ports and piers, mines—columns (struc- This paper describes a recently developed application
tural steel or concrete with embedded steel reinforcement) process that can overcome many of the above shortcom-
corrode and require repair. In other cases, column jacket- ings.
ing is used as a technique to strengthen existing columns
by adding a shell of reinforced concrete around the col- FRP LAMINATE FORM
umn. The latter is gaining popularity in seismic upgrade of The new application process includes jacketing made of
structures and the ACI Committee 369 on Seismic Repair Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP). Using specialty equip-
and Rehabilitation is currently developing guidelines for ment, glass fibers are impregnated with vinyl ester resin
such applications. and subjected to heat and pressure to make very thin
laminates. For brevity, the new jacketing system will be
The forming of existing columns is a difficult task. The ex- referred to as FRP Laminate Form (FLF) in this paper. The
isting floor and beams above prevent the use of conven- laminates have a uniform thickness that varies from 0.045
tional disposable cardboard tubes because they cannot to 0.075 in. (1.1-1.9 mm) depending on the product style.
be slipped over the column. The contractor is faced with
assembling a form consisting of many segments around FLF is manufactured in rolls up to 102 in. (2,590 mm) wide.
the host column. Because these forms offer virtually no A typical roll includes approximately 500 lineal feet (152
resistance to the lateral pressure of the freshly cast con- m) of FLF (Fig. 1a). The laminates weigh between 0.31 to
crete, the segments must be tied externally with bolts, 0.51 lb/ft2 (1.5–2.5 kg/m2). This light weight allows for easy
clamps and the like. These forms can become very heavy handling. The mechanical properties of the laminates and
and add significant time and expense to the project. The the applicable ASTM Standards are listed in Table 1. The

14 CONCRETE REPAIR BULLETIN MARCH/APRIL 2023 WWW.ICRI.ORG

unique design of the laminate provides a perfect balance 3a) to maintain the size of the tube. Note, the duct tape or
between a smooth finish surface and enough friction to rope is not required to resist any loads from the internal
prevent sliding/slippage of the surfaces. pressure of the freshly placed concrete.

HOW TO INSTALL FLF Once the FLF is in place, the concrete can be placed using
The behavior of FLF is based on principles of belt fric- a hose and tremie method or by pumping it using the grout
tion. Various shape and size spacers are available from ports shown in Fig. 1. The latter will create a hole in the
the manufacturer, as shown in Fig. 1b. To repair a column, laminate that must be patched later and will ultimately limit
these spacers can be threaded through via a zip-tie and the number of times the laminate can be reused.
secured tightly around the column. They serve to hold the
reinforcing bars in place, and to provide the desired stand-
off distance, i.e., the annular space, between the FLF and
the existing exterior face of the column (Fig. 2a, 2b).

The process begins with cutting a piece of the laminate

long enough to wrap 2–3 times around the column. The
laminate is tightly wrapped around the structure. Duct
tape or double-sided tape can be used to secure the inte-
rior edge of the laminate to itself so as to minimize cement
paste getting between the layers. The free exterior end
of the laminate can be secured with a few pieces of duct
tape. Alternatively, rope can be tied around the tube (Fig.

(a)
(b)
Fig 2: Spacers being installed (a) and the FLF laminate being wrapped around a deteriorated column (b)

(a) (b) (c) (d)

Fig. 3. Field application: (a) FLF placed and filled with concrete, (b) removing the laminate after concrete hardens, (c) cleaning and saving the laminate for future use, and
(d) smooth concrete finish with no spiral marks

WWW.ICRI.ORG MARCH/APRIL 2023 CONCRETE REPAIR BULLETIN 15

After the concrete hardens, the rope is untied, and the lam- suming an 8-ft (2.4 m) high concrete placement with a unit
inate is removed (Fig. 3b). The laminate can be cleaned, weight of 145 lb/ft3 (23 kN/m3), the hydrostatic pressure at
washed, and dried (Fig. 3c) before it is coiled and stored the base of the form will be 1160 psf (55.5 kPa). Assuming
away for future use to build a form of the same or differ- the diameter of the form is D=36 in. (914 mm), the tension
ent shape and size. Note, the finished surface of the cast force in a single layer of laminate will be T=145 lb (645 N).
concrete that is very smooth (Fig. 3d) and free from un- The 0.060 in. (1.5 mm) thick laminate shown in Fig. 3 has
sightly spiral marks that are commonly left behind when a breaking strength of 600 lb/in. (105 N/mm) width of lami-
cardboard tubes are used for forming. Thus, eliminating nate that is significantly larger than the force T calculated
the need for grinding of the new exterior surface. above. The safety factor in this case is 4.1—considerably
larger than that required for live loads. This demonstrates
As stated earlier, the behavior of this laminate is unique in that the construction of FLF with 2 or 3 layers of laminate is
that instead of using external clamps to hold the form to- primarily to enhance the rigidity and stiffness of the tube.
gether, the layers get pressed against one another due to Again, the tensile strength of a single layer of laminate is
the internal pressure of the concrete. Referring to Fig. 4a, if greater than what is needed to confine the hydrostatic
a tube of height H is filled with concrete and has a density pressure of the freshly placed concrete.
γ, an internal hydrostatic pressure p= γ H is developed at
the base of the form. This internal pressure, shown with In this example, a circular column was formed around a
red arrows in Fig. 4b, results in a friction force between damaged circular column. A major advantage of FLF is that
all layers of the laminate that is shown with smaller blue by changing the size of the spacers, the flexible laminates
arrows in that figure. The higher the pressure of the con- allow construction of nearly any shape and size form in
crete, the larger the friction force between the layers of the field. Fig. 4c shows a rectangular column cross section
the laminate. If the laminate is wrapped 3 times around that can be enlarged to a larger rectangular column or an
itself, the external ties carry zero load. Alternatively, it is oval shape column, for example. The only limitation is that
possible to use 2 layers of laminate. However, in that case the radius of bend at the corners of a rectangular form
stronger external ties such as ratchet straps must be used must be larger than the allowable limit for the laminate.
to resist some of the hydrostatic pressure of the freshly This radius is a function of the thickness of the laminate
placed concrete. and is approximately 1 in. (25 mm).

The laminates themselves are very strong and for most PRESSURE TEST
applications, a layer can resist the hoop stresses gener- To determine the adequacy of this system in resisting in-
ated in the form. In such cases, a minimum overlap length ternal pressures, the following test was conducted. A 9.5-ft
of 8 inches (200 mm) is recommended. For example, as- (2880 mm) long piece of a 0.06 in. (1.5 mm) thick laminate
was cut from the roll. This laminate was coiled to create a
3-ply tube with a diameter of 12 in. (305 mm) and a length
of 102 in. (2590 mm). The free end of the laminate was
(a) secured to itself with a few short pieces of duct tape to
maintain the tube diameter.

An elongated balloon that is frequently used in internal re-

pair of pipes was inserted inside the FLF. The balloon was
connected to an air hose and gradually inflated to a pres-

(b)

(c) (d) (a) (b)

Fig. 4: Hydrostatic pressure of concrete generating internal friction between layers Fig 5: FLF can also be used to produce non-circular forms in a wide range of shapes
FLF; Spacer sizes allow making different FLF sizes around the same rectangular and sizes for construction of new columns
column

16 CONCRETE REPAIR BULLETIN MARCH/APRIL 2023 WWW.ICRI.ORG

sure of 3,300 psf (158 kPa). This is nearly 3 times higher SUMMARY
than the pressure calculated in the above example. It is A new material, FRP Laminate Form (FLF) has been pre-
also significantly higher than any anticipated pressure that sented. The material can be used to form repair of exist-
would be encountered in the field. The test was stopped ing columns or to form new columns (Fig. 5a, 5b). The
at 3,300 psf due to the limitations of the balloon. There advantages of this material are its ability to be used mul-
were no signs of any damage to the FLF at the conclusion tiple times and to create forms of nearly any shape and
of this test. size. FLF reduces storage space, transportation cost, and
landfill costs significantly. It is fully water and rain resis-
SUSTAINABILITY tant. The result in an environmentally friendly, sustain-
The FLF presented here has several unique features mak- able solution.
ing it an environmentally friendly alternative to a project’s
forming needs. REFERENCES
ACI 369.1-17 Standard Requirements for Seismic Evaluation and Retrofit of
• The size of a single roll of laminate allows for virtually Existing Concrete Buildings, American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI
any size form to be built on site. ASTM D790, Standard Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforced
• The laminate can easily conform to the shape re- and Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materials, ASTM International,
West Conshohocken, PA, 2018.
quired. As demonstrated in Fig. 4d, the form can be
ASTM D638, Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics, ASTM
shaped in rectangular, circular, and an endless range International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2018.
of geometries in between.
ASTM D256 Standard Test Methods for Determining the Izod Pendulum Impact
• The light weight of FLF eliminates the need for heavy Resistance of Plastics, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2018
lifting equipment on site that may be required for bulk- ASTM D696 Standard Test Method for Coefficient of Linear Thermal Expansion
ier steel or timber forms. of Plastics between −30°C And 30°C with a Vitreous Silica Dilatometer, ASTM
International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2018
• FLF is fully water resistant, making its storage easier ASTM D570 Standard Test Method for Water Absorption of Plastics, ASTM
and allowing for challenging forming of submerged International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2018
columns and piles.
• The FLF can be used numerous times, thus reducing Mo Ehsani, PhD, PE, SE, is President, QuakeWrap,
landfill waste. Inc. and Centennial Emeritus Professor of Civil Engi-
neering at the University of Arizona. He is a pioneer
These versatilities can help reduce forming costs on nu- in the field of repair of structures with carbon FRP
merous projects. products and holds twenty patents in those tech-
nologies. He is also a registered general contractor
in AZ and CA. [email protected] (520)250-7020.

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WWW.ICRI.ORG MARCH/APRIL 2023 CONCRETE REPAIR BULLETIN 17
A Burning Ring of Fire: Techniques
for Restoring Concrete Tunnels
after Catastrophic Fires
by Stephen Sistrunk and Kent Sasaki

Fig. 1: The fire started on the evening of 12 October 2007 in a southbound Truck Bypass Tunnel that crossed under all lanes of I-5. Photo source: Wiss,
Janney, Elstner Associates, Inc.

On the night of October 12, 2007, a tractor-trailer driving vehicle lanes sitting above it while the structure was evalu-
on the Truck Bypass Tunnel that crosses under all lanes ated for damage. Speed of evaluation and repair were crit-
of the Interstate 5 (I-5) freeway just north of Los Angeles ical because this stretch of freeway carried approximately
attempted to make a late exit. Tragically, the attempt failed 225,000 vehicles per day at the time (Fig. 3).
and the driver jackknifed, creating a massive pileup involv-
ing thirty semi-trucks, one passenger vehicle, three fatali- The California Department of Transportation (Caltrans)
ties, and ten persons injured (Fig. 1). hired the engineering firm Wiss, Janney, Elstner Associ-
ates, Inc. (WJE) to investigate the severity and extent of
Because large amounts of fuel were present in the semi- damage to the concrete so that Caltrans could design re-
trucks, a severe fire erupted immediately and burned in- pairs. WJE quickly mobilized an onsite team of engineers
tensely over a four-hour period. The fire was not complete- to perform a wide range of field evaluation methods in-
ly extinguished until 24 hours after the accident occurred. cluding visual observation, acoustic impact (sounding), im-
The fire spanned the tunnel’s entire 550 ft (168 m) length pact echo, concrete core sampling, and rebar sampling.
and reached temperatures as high as 1,400°F (760°C) in Laboratory testing included petrographic examination of
some areas (Fig. 1). The temperatures and duration of the concrete cores, compressive strength testing of concrete
fire varied widely across different sections of the tunnel. cores, and tensile strength testing of steel reinforcement
(Figs. 4-6).
The fire caused an uncertain amount of structural damage,
requiring closure of both the tunnel and the I-5 passenger

18 CONCRETE REPAIR BULLETIN MARCH/APRIL 2023 WWW.ICRI.ORG

FIRE’S IMPACT ON CONCRETE
Fire exposure may cause both physical and chemical
changes that result in damage to the concrete. Physical
effects include crazing, spalling, and deep cracking. Craz-
ing is a surface level cracking that occurs around 550°F
(300°C) and widens and deepens as the temperature in-
creases. Spalling occurs when water inside the concrete
quickly evaporates and expands, causing expulsion of
larger concrete sections. Deep cracking is subsurface
cracking or delamination that may be caused by rapid tem-
perature change, aggregate expansion, or cement paste
contraction due to dehydration.

Other fire impacts include rebar weakening, aggregate

changes, and discoloration. Rebar weakening can occur
at high temperatures, resulting in reduced tensile strength
and ductility. Aggregate made of quartz may expand, Fig. 4: Sounding is sometimes useful in identifying concrete damage, e.g. incipient
spalling or weakened concrete. Photo source: Wiss, Janney, Elstner Associates, Inc.

Fig. 2: It took approximately 24 hours to completely extinguish the fire. Photo source:
Wiss, Janney, Elstner Associates, Inc.
Fig. 5: 103 concrete samples were extracted from the undercrossing and examined in
WJE laboratories in Illinois, Texas, and Ohio. Photo source: Wiss, Janney, Elstner
Associates, Inc.

Fig. 6: 103 concrete samples were extracted from the undercrossing and examined in
Fig. 3: The undercrossing (Tunnel) location is 35 miles north-northwest of downtown WJE laboratories in Illinois, Texas and Ohio. Photo source: Wiss, Janney, Elstner
Los Angeles. Photo source: Wiss, Janney, Elstner Associates, Inc. Associates, Inc.

WWW.ICRI.ORG MARCH/APRIL 2023 CONCRETE REPAIR BULLETIN 19

while limestone aggregate degrades when exposed to of time for high temperatures to migrate through a con-
high temperatures. Concrete may also experience dis- crete structure (Fig. 9). Therefore, the speed of fire sup-
coloration, changing from normal to pink or red at about pression is extremely important for mitigating fire damage
550°F (300°C) and then to yellowish to buff above 1,100° F to concrete structures.
(600°C) (Fig. 7).
In this case, the firefighters were able to get on the scene
INVESTIGATION FINDS VARYING LEVELS OF DAMAGE IN almost immediately and contain the intense burning to a
THE TUNNEL limited area and time frame of approximately four hours.
The evaluation performed by WJE produced a broad va- Only certain areas sustained severe, deep damage. In
riety of findings depending on which area of the tunnel these areas, most of the bad concrete had already been
was being examined. In some areas, only mild soot stain- expelled via large spalls because it was extremely hot and
ing was observed with minimal damage to the concrete was then doused with cold water by the firefighters—i.e.,
(Fig. 8). In other areas, deep spalling and cracking were rapid expansion and contraction (Fig. 10). However, sub-
found. Of the thirty-four steel reinforcement samples test- surface cracking or delaminations that were likely caused
ed, only four were found to be below the ASTM’s minimum by the fire were also found by core sampling and impact
strength requirements. echo testing (Fig. 11).

The varying levels of damage across different tunnel ar-

eas provides an important lesson about fire’s impact on
concrete—time matters! Concrete is an excellent insulator,
with low conductivity of heat. It takes a significant amount

Fig. 9: Concrete temperature tends to fall off very rapidly, relative to the surface
temperature, at increasing distances from the surface, i.e. there is a distinct time
Fig. 7: Chemical and physical impacts on concrete increase in severity as the tem- lag for the heat to migrate to the interior of the member, resulting in a distinct damage
perature rises. Photo source: Wiss, Janney, Elstner Associates, Inc. gradient at increasing distances from the fire-exposed surface of the concrete. Image
source: ICRI Concrete Repair Manual

Fig. 8: Soot blackening was present on the South exit of the Tunnel where the accident Fig. 10: Concrete spalling was extensive in areas with severe exposure to the fire.
occurred. Photo source: Wiss, Janney, Elstner Associates, Inc. Photo source: Wiss, Janney, Elstner Associates, Inc.

20 CONCRETE REPAIR BULLETIN MARCH/APRIL 2023 WWW.ICRI.ORG

HYDRODEMOLITION TECHNOLOGY IS DEPLOYED FOR
SPEED AND PRECISION
WJE submitted its damage assessment and Caltrans be-
gan designing the repair plan. Speed of repair was cru-
cial so that the critical I-5 traffic artery could get back up
and running as quickly as possible. However, the quality
of repair was also a major factor as the tunnel would carry
heavy traffic loads both above and below. Caltrans need-
ed a solution that would maximize the speed of concrete
removal while ensuring that all bad concrete, but only the
bad concrete, was selectively removed and replaced. In
collaboration with the team of contractors, Caltrans de-
cided to use hydrodemolition technology for the selective
concrete removal scope of work.

Ray Wolfe, Supervising Bridge Engineer for Caltrans, stat-

ed, “We came up with the idea that if we could somehow Fig. 11: Large scale, blind deep delaminations were found in some panels tested.
Photo source: Hydropressure Cleaning, Inc.
start removing, in a controlled fashion, the surface con-
crete to see how far back in it easily came off that would
give us an idea as to what structural concrete we had re-
maining. Certainly, using water demolition as a diagnostic
tool proved to be a highly successful mechanism and re-
ally helped us make the decisions we needed to make in
order to meet the schedule.”

Hydrodemolition is a proven technology for selective de-

molition, or removal, of concrete when repairing concrete
structures. With hydrodemolition, a robotic device passes
a high-pressure water jet of 15,000 to 40,000 psi across
the concrete surface. The water penetrates into the pores
and cracks in the concrete, creating an uplift pressure that
overcomes the tensile strength of the concrete. The wa-
terjet’s pressure and speed of travel across the concrete
surface can be precisely controlled via user-friendly oper-
ating software, resulting in the selective removal of con-
crete below a certain strength threshold while keeping
the good concrete intact. Observed removal rates for the
hydrodemolition equipment used on the tunnel job were Fig. 12: Due to increased bonding area and the absence of microcracks, hydrodemo-
lition-prepared surfaces result in repair strengths that are typically 2.5x greater than
in the range of 25x to 100x faster than jackhammers. In surfaces prepared with jackhammers. Photo source: Hydropressure Cleaning, Inc.
addition, hydrodemolition yields a higher quality of repair
compared to chipping because it does not leave micro-
cracks in the remaining concrete substrate. Studies show
that, when compared to percussive methods of concrete
removal, hydrodemolition results in a 2.5x stronger bond
between the residual substate and new concrete applica-
tion (Fig. 12). Hydrodemolition robots also improve jobsite
safety by drastically reducing silica dust and noise and
eliminating vibrations to equipment operators.

For this job, a hydrodemolition subcontractor was chosen

that had robots equipped with a unique “Multipurpose
Arm” or “MPA.” The MPA allowed the subcontractor to
quickly reach the tall vertical walls and ceiling of the tun-
nel with the high-pressure waterjet (Fig. 13). The walls on
average were 20 ft (6 m) high, with some areas as high as
27 ft (8.2 m). The contractor ran its robots around the clock
Fig. 13: The unique Multipurpose Arm (MPA) allows hydrodemolition contractors to
for six days, removing a total of approximately 26,000 ft2 easily attack horizontal, vertical, overhead and below-track surfaces, all at the push
(2,415 m2) of damaged concrete from the soffit and walls. of a button. Photo source: Hydropressure Cleaning, Inc.

WWW.ICRI.ORG MARCH/APRIL 2023 CONCRETE REPAIR BULLETIN 21

This equated to an average removal rate of 180.5 ft2 (16.7
m2) per hour. Stephen Sistrunk runs the North American
division of Conjet AB. Conjet, headquartered in
Following the removal of damaged concrete, the gunite Sweden, has been designing and manufacturing
subcontractor applied a fresh layer of new concrete to the hydrodemolition equipment for the past 37 years.
structurally sound and microcrack-free surface that had Stephen focuses on supporting and growing the
been left in place after hydrodemolition. The entire con- North American hydrodemolition market by pro-
struction phase took a total of 16 days—less than half of viding resources for customers to be successful on
the 33 days estimated by Caltrans for the work! The tunnel the jobsite and educating the market on the tech-
resumed normal operations only 34 days after the acci- nology's many advantages for restoring and
dent occurred. maintaining concrete infrastructure.

The I-5 Truck Bypass Tunnel fire is a great example of how Kent Sasaki is a principle with Wiss, Janney,
fire damage to concrete structures can be minimized and Elstner, Associates, Inc., and has performed engi-
quickly repaired with prompt action for fire suppression, neering investigations on hundreds of structures
advanced evaluation techniques, and contractors utilizing including high-rise buildings, warehouses, apart-
state-of-the-art hydrodemolition equipment. ment buildings, bridges, and tunnels. He investi-
gates damage from earthquakes, fire, earth
REFERENCES movement, landslides, flooding, vibration, blast,
• I-5 Tunnel Fire and Recovery 2007, www.youtube.com/watch?v=mAM2PWwrhgg&t=5s and construction defects. He holds a Bachelor of
• Improving Concrete Bond in Repaired Bridge Decks, Silfwerbrand 1990 Science in Engineering as well as a Master of Engineering, Structural
Engineering from the University of California, Berkeley.

Become an
Author!
ICRI needs YOUR articles and
ideas for upcoming themes!

July/August 2023
Aesthetics in Repair and Protection
Technical Article Deadline: May 1, 2023

September/October 2023
Concrete Protection from the Sea to Sky—
Waterproofing and Corrosion Protection
Technical Article Deadline: July 3, 2023

If you are interested in submitting an article for publication in the

Concrete Repair Bulletin, please contact ICRI Technical Director
Dave Fuller, [email protected], for more details.

22 CONCRETE REPAIR BULLETIN MARCH/APRIL 2023 WWW.ICRI.ORG

Surface Restoration for
Concrete Structures
by Wayne Lawrence

Fig. 1: Cleaning smoke residue with baking soda blasting

Surface restoration for concrete structures often means mortars, and specialty coatings) require more vigorous
applying coatings to rebuild and protect the deteriorated profiling of the concrete to properly prepare the surface
surface. These coatings range from sealants to overlays. to accept the product. The “profile” of the surface refers
There are some marvelous products on the market that directly to the roughness. This attribute is generally mea-
perform a variety of restoration roles, including sealing, sured from the deepest “valley” on the surface to the
rebuilding, and resurfacing. The ultimate performance of highest “peak”. This roughness is expressed by a scale
these coatings, however, is greatly influenced by proper called the Concrete Surface Profile (CSP) as described
surface preparation. and illustrated in ICRI 310.2R. This is a standardized mea-
sure of surface roughness that assigns a number—CSP 1
In many cases, such as simple smoke damage from a through CSP 10—for roughness as low as 0-3 mils to over
fire, surface cleaning is all that’s required for restoration. ¼" (6.4mm) (Fig. 2).
Many sealants can be applied directly onto the newly
cleaned surface without regard to the actual surface pro- This roughness can be measured with numerous de-
file. Fire restoration methods including pressure wash- vices—some complicated and technical (such as lasers,
ing, soda blasting, and hand cleaning leave the surface pull-off adhesion tests), some more easily applied (such
roughness in a like-new condition with little change, if as replica tape and putty). One of the most common and
any, to the surface profile (Fig.. 1). simple methods is the use of rubber comparator chips
provided by ICRI (Fig. 3). These rubber chips have a
Many of the more advanced materials for concrete res- molded surface that replicates the surfaces of concrete
toration (such as epoxies, polymer overlays, various of various profiles from CSP 1 to CSP 10. On restoration

WWW.ICRI.ORG MARCH/APRIL 2023 CONCRETE REPAIR BULLETIN 23

Fig. 2: Concrete Surface Profile (CSP) chart and visual examples Fig. 3: ICRI CSP comparator chips

jobs the chips can be compared to the actual concrete One of these important variables is the use of water in
surface to confirm that the required surface roughness a wet abrasive blasting application. Commonly referred
has been achieved. to as vapor blasting, wet abrasive blasting has multiple
benefits including the descriptor—dustless (Fig. 7). While
As mentioned, some degree of surface roughness is re- no blasting process is truly dust-free, this new develop-
quired for most of the quality products for restoring con- ment allows contractors to perform “open” blasting (not
crete surfaces. Imparting this roughness can be accom- using containment) with little to no dust migrating beyond
plished in several ways including acid etching, grinding, the worksite. Outdoor applications can obviously benefit
needle scaling, abrasive blasting, and water jetting—to from this lower dust level. Consider that a low dust appli-
name a few. Of these, the most adaptable and effective cation might even allow the blasting to move into areas
method is abrasive blasting. This is what many refer to as previously inaccessible to more dusty dry blasting tech-
“sand” blasting. Due to the health issues associated with niques. Newer rigs are less troublesome than in the past,
silica sand, however, actual “sand” blasting is nearly ex- more portable, and very effective (Fig. 8).
tinct. Abrasive media blasting, on the other hand, is very
much alive and extremely adaptable. One of the best ways to look at this is through a brief
case study. A large pharmaceutical company in south-
Blasting media are available for many different applica- west Michigan was concerned with premature aging and
tions. Soft abrasives like baking soda, dry ice, and walnut deterioration in one of its concrete equalizer tanks in their
shells are capable of cleaning applications and coatings private wastewater system. The large concrete tank, ap-
that don’t require more than a CSP 1 (Figs. 4 and 5). Soft proximately 8,000 ft2 (743 m2) of concrete surface inside,
abrasives have little impact on the surface, imparting was coated with 40–50 mils (1–1.3 mm) of an outdated
little surface roughness. Harder abrasives like calcium and failing coal tar coating. There was also little evidence
carbonate, crushed glass, garnet, and others can remove of proper surface preparation under this coating, anoth-
surface material leaving a profile, or roughness. Differ- er possible reason for the problems. This proved to be
ent results can also be achieved by varying the grit size inadequate protection, in particular in the “headspace”
of the blast abrasive. Beyond media, abrasive blasting of the tank where accumulations of corrosive hydrogen
can also adapt to provide different profiles by increasing sulfide gas were significantly corroding the walls (Fig. 9).
(or decreasing) blast pressure, or even applying differ-
ent nozzle technologies (Fig. 6). It is generally true that Concerned with the high cost of replacing the tank, the
blasting can provide CSP measurements from CSP 1 to owner investigated having the current concrete tank re-
CSP 9, depending on the combination of these—and a stored. Adding to this decision was a very real concern
few other—important variables. over a loss of production due to downtime during a pos-

Fig. 4: Baking soda blast media Fig. 5: Walnut shell blast media Fig. 6: Various blast nozzles

24 CONCRETE REPAIR BULLETIN MARCH/APRIL 2023 WWW.ICRI.ORG

sible replacement. They wisely reached out to an experi- weeks to complete, one week for surface preparation,
enced restoration contractor, Blastek, LLC in Shelbyville, and one week for application of the protective layers.
Michigan. It was clear to Eric Waddell, Partner and co-
owner of Blastek, that properly restoring the tank would The process of restoring the tank would be a multi-step
ultimately provide the customer with a significant cost method employing a series of products including a mor-
savings over replacement. He added that the increased tar compound, cementitious epoxy, and 100% solid ep-
asset longevity (longer tank life) would further justify the oxy from a well-known manufacturer of concrete resto-
cost of restoration. Other options such as steel and fiber- ration compounds. The manufacturer recommended that
glass had significant drawbacks, such as cost, availabil- Blastek profile the concrete in the tank to a CSP 5 level
ity, and downtime during the replacement process, when in accordance with ICRI 310.2R. They chose to use abra-
compared to the restoration project. Waddell explained sive media blasting with a hard abrasive, 80 Grit Garnet,
that that the process of restoration would take about two at a high blast pressure to achieve the nearly 50 mils of

Fig. 7: Wet abrasive blasting with reduced dust emissions Fig. 9: Deteriorated concrete surface in equalizer tank

Fig. 8: Portable wet abrasive blast rig Fig. 10: Garnet blast media

WWW.ICRI.ORG MARCH/APRIL 2023 CONCRETE REPAIR BULLETIN 25

 Fig. 12: Partially completed coatings in tank

Fig. 11: Preparing to blast in tank

profile required for proper surface preparation (Fig. 10).

This was a confined space application and you can note
the proper PPE and gas monitors clearly seen in the area
when the blasting and coating processes took place (Fig. Fig. 13: Finished equalizer tank with all coatings applied
11). The CSP 5 finish could easily be confirmed when com-
pared to the comparator chips on the job site. After blast- surface preparation can influence material performance
ing, the contractor repaired any cracks or pits greater and how it relates to restoration success. Then think
than ¼" (6.4 mm) with a polyurethane material. This was about blasting as a means to a very profitable end.
followed by a mortar compound, sprayed on and then
hand troweled, primarily to resurface, filling any remain-
ing holes and deterioration of the surface. The next step
was to apply, via hand troweling, a cementitious epoxy REFERENCE
to a thickness of about 125 mils (1/8", 3 mm) (Fig. 12). The ICRI 310.2R, Selecting and Specifying Concrete Surface Preparation for
final step in the restoration was to apply a glaze, or 100% Sealers, Coatings, Polymer Overlays, and Concrete Repair, International
Concrete Repair Institute, St. Paul, MN, 2013.
solid epoxy coating via an airless spray system.

The pharmaceutical manufacturer was thrilled with the Wayne Lawrence is a current ICRI member with
results, and the promise of an equalizer tank that would his company, ESCA Blast Great Lakes in Grand
offer many more years of service with very little down- Rapids, MI. In addition to his bachelor’s degree from
time at a fraction of the cost of replacement (Fig. 13). Central Michigan University, he has over 28 years of
experience in the abrasive blasting field. As a current
When considering any concrete restoration job, always partner at ESCA Blast, he sells, rents, and services a
be mindful of the surface preparation requirements of the variety of abrasive blasting equipment for concrete
coating to be applied, and the recommended Concrete restoration and many other applications. Wayne can
Surface Profile (CSP 1–CSP 10). Also keep in mind how be reached at (317) 4442-3507 or [email protected].

26 CONCRETE REPAIR BULLETIN MARCH/APRIL 2023 WWW.ICRI.ORG

ICRICHAPTERNEWS
CHAPTER CALENDAR
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Mt. Pleasant, SC Atlanta, GA March 3, 2023
May 16, 2023 10th ANNUAL FUNSPIEL (CURLING)
CHICAGO Chaska Curling Center
ANNUAL GOLF TOURNAMENT
April 20, 2023 Chaska, MN
Heritage Golf Links
CHAPTER DINNER MEETING
Tucker, GA
Erie Café NEW ENGLAND
Chicago, IL March 14, 2023
GULF SOUTH
March 9, 2023 DINNER & TECHNICAL PRESENTATION
CINCINNATI Topic: From Field to Laboratory & Back Again
SPRING MEETING
March 15, 2023 SGH Offices
Topic: Concrete Repair in Transportation &
2ND ANNUAL CLAY SHOOT Waltham, MA
Infrastructure
Middletown Sportsmen’s Club
IP Casino Resort and Spa
Middletown, OH ROCKY MOUNTAIN
Biloxi, MS
April 19, 2023 March 3, 2023
CHAPTER TECHNICAL SESSION METRO NEW YORK ANNUAL SKI DAY
TPC River’s Bend March 16, 2023 Loveland Ski Area
Mainville, OH TEHCNICAL PRESENTATION Dillon, CO
Topic: Concrete Durability
Speaker: Professor Norman Weiss
Club 101
Manhattan, NY

ICRICHAPTERNEWS Join your local chapter!

Visit www.icri.org
CHAPTER ACTIVITIES
INDIANA HOSTS HOLIDAY GATHERING
The Indiana Chapter closed out 2022 by hosting its Holiday Social Event at the Indiana War Memorial in downtown India-
napolis in December. After an amazing tour of the Memorial, attendees were treated to a festive holiday food buffet.
Included in the festivities was a chance to honor the chapter’s most recent past president as well as an opportunity to
hear from an organization called Operation: Job Ready Veterans. This organization was the recipient of the Indiana Chap-
ter's annual giving campaign and a check was presented at the end of the talk.

⊳ Stephen Manner (left)

of FRP Inc. presents Tyler
Gilpin (right) of Glenrock
Company the Indiana
Chapter Presidents
award for serving as
Chapter President from
2021-2022
▲ Tyler Gilpin (left) presents a check to Operation: Job Ready Veterans

⊳ The dinnertime presentation by Operation: Job Ready Veterans was

informative and inspiring

WWW.ICRI.ORG MARCH/APRIL 2023 CONCRETE REPAIR BULLETIN 27

ICRICHAPTERNEWS
CHAPTER ACTIVITIES
OKLAHOMA SOCIAL OUTING IS IN THE BAG
The Oklahoma Chapter took time to host a December social meeting in Tulsa,
Oklahoma! Everyone had a great time and a big thank-you goes out to Whitecap
for sponsoring the appetizers and to Maxwell Supply for sponsoring the drinks
for this event. During the social outing, the chapter hosted a fun and exciting
Cornhole Tournament. The big winners of the evening were Jim Chappell with
Impact who won first place in Singles and Jim Chappell with Impact who teamed
up with Shannon Hudson from Maxwell Supply to win first place in the doubles
event. The chapter hopes everyone had a great time and they plan to make this
an annual chapter event!

Left Photo: Jim Chappell with Impact won 1st place in Singles ⊲
Right Photo:Jim Chappell with Impact and Shannon Hudson with Maxwell Supply won 1st place in Doubles ⊲

ICRICHAPTERNEWS
CHAPTERS COMMITTEE CHAIR’S LETTER
Well, I’m not sure if I’m ready for this, and This year, I am not just stepping into the role of Chapters
to be honest there are probably a few of Committee Chair, but also back into a leadership role in my
you who aren’t ready for it either…Guess local chapter. I’m hopeful that each will give me insight into
who is the new Chapters Committee how I can better serve my role in the other.
Chair?! THIS GUY!
I have believed for many years that the two most important
If you’ve been to a Chapters Committee things that ICRI provides its members are technical/educa-
meeting at one of the ICRI conventions in tional content and industry networking opportunities. I plan
JON CONNEALY the last few years, you’ve gotten to see to focus on how we at the Chapters Committee can assist
Chapters Chair
me in action as I served as the Vice Chair. chapter leaders in planning and executing these two func-
Thank goodness, we’ve had the magnificent Michelle Nobel tions. I look forward to meeting with and hearing from
at the helm for the past five years, as her leadership was chapter leaders and delegates at this year’s conventions,
invaluable. And she was able to keep me tempered. Now, where we will get to share our successes, best practices,
I’m told that I’m experienced enough to drive this ship. I and even our failures in the hopes of helping other leaders
hope you all like bumpy rides! through sharing our experiences.

Joking aside, Chapters Committee has had my heart since If you are attending the Spring Convention in Vancouver
I joined the Board of Directors in 2017. I am one of many this April, make sure to attend the Chapters Committee
people in this organization who truly and firmly believe that Meeting! I look forward to seeing you there!!
chapters are the lifeblood of ICRI. My passion for ICRI came
from my involvement with the Great Plains Chapter, and my Jon Connealy, ICRI Chapters Committee Chair
passion for my home chapter has driven me to be so active BASF Master Builders Solutions USA
and vocal at the National level of leadership.

ICRI has 39 chapters, including two student chapters, in metropolitan areas around
the world. Chapters hold technical presentations, educational meetings, symposia,
and local conventions on repair-related topics.

Chapters also provide an outstanding opportunity to meet and build relationships

with repair specialists in your area. In addition to the technical meetings, chapters
CHAPTERS also host golf outings, social evenings, dinner cruises, and other networking events.

28 CONCRETE REPAIR BULLETIN MARCH/APRIL 2023 WWW.ICRI.ORG

CONCRETEREPAIRCALENDAR
APRIL 2–6, 2023 APRIL 17–19, 2023 INTERESTED IN SEEING YOUR CONCRETE
ACI Concrete Convention 2022 ICRI Spring Convention INDUSTRY EVENT LISTED HERE?
San Francisco, CA Vancouver, BC, Canada
Website: www.concrete.org Website: www.icri.org Events can be emailed to [email protected].
Content for the May/June 2023 issue is due by
APRIL 11, 2023
April 1, 2023, and content for the July/August
ICRI Webinar
2023 issue is due by June 1, 2023.
Corrosion in Concrete Structures
Website: www.icri.org

ASSOCIATION
NEWS
THE INTERNATIONAL GROOVING & C O MPLE TE A SSO RTME NT
GRINDING ASSOCIATION
ANNOUNCES 2022 ANNUAL AWARD O F C O NC R E TE R E STO R AT IO N PR OD U C TS

SPEED, STRENGTH
WINNERS
The International Grooving Grinding Asso-
ciation (IGGA)—a non-profit trade associa-

and DURABILITY
tion founded in 1972 that is recognized as
the industry’s lead technical resource in
the development and marketing of opti-
mized pavement surfaces and pavement
preservation around the world—has
announced the winners of their annual  Structural strength in one hour
awards program.
Presented at the association’s annual  Faster return to service
meeting held in Nashville, Tenn. on Nov.
29, 2022, the purpose of the program is  Apply breathable coatings in 3 hours
to honor individuals and companies/orga-
nizations for lasting contributions made to
 Apply non-breathable coatings in 16 hours
the grooving, grinding and concrete pave-
 Versatile for multiple applications
ment preservation/restoration industry.
2022 Operator of the Year (Iron Man)—Tony
Brink, Corrective Grinding Crew Manager,
Diamond Surface Inc. (DSI), Rogers, Minn.
2022 Government Official of the Year—Joe
Echelle, Assistant Executive Director, Main-
tenance, Engineering & Construction,
Oklahoma Turnpike Authority (OTA).
2022 Lester F. Kuzmick Award—Scott
Eilken, owner of Quality Saw & Seal, located,
Bridgeview, IL; and Terrence Kraemer, CEO,
Diamond Surface Inc., Rogers, Minn.
2022 Honorary Life Membership Award—
Steve Garrison, retired Sales and Marketing
Manager of the former Diamond B, Santa
Fe Springs, Calif.
Visit www.igga.net for more information.

CTScement.com  800-929-3030

WWW.ICRI.ORG MARCH/APRIL 2023 CONCRETE REPAIR BULLETIN 29

ASSOCIATIONNEWS
AMERICAN CONCRETE PAVEMENT and an S-485 Laser Screed® donated by design, and construction. He also acts as
ASSOCIATION ANNOUNCES NEW Somero Enterprises, we had a multitude a consultant to many industry organiza-
BOARD OF DIRECTORS CHAIR AND of items targeted specifically for the con- tions, helping with the technical aspects of
VICE CHAIR crete industry.” concrete construction projects. He is
The American Concrete Pavement among the highest-rated speakers at
Association (ACPA) is pleased to announce World of Concrete, and his seminars often
Steve Friess of Milestone Contractors, LP, sell out. At World of Concrete in 2006, he
as the Chairman of the Board of Directors was named “one of the 10 most influential
in 2023. Ernie Peterson of Ash Grove people in the U.S. concrete industry.”
Cement will be the Board’s Vice Chair and The new fellowship, once fully funded, will
will serve as Chairman in 2024. Both men be available for student applicants who are
are leaders in the concrete pavement graduate or undergraduate students
industry as well as their respective studying in any concrete-related field. The
companies. award funding will be distributed in incre-
ments of $15,000 to benefit one student
ACPA also recently elected a new slate of annually. A $10,000 educational stipend
board members: John Leckie, Indiana will go to the student to cover tuition,
Chapter of ACPA; Bryan Beck, GOMACO; books, supplies, and $5000 to cover
Jay Van Hove, Koss Construction Company, expenses to attend three ACI Concrete
Jake Steinberg of American Highway—a Conventions, one of which will include an
Simplex Company; Greg Pelkey of Shafer In addition to the live auction, a silent auc-
in-person interview with the Scholarship
Contracting Co, Tim Nash of Wirtgen tion was also held. This year CIM had
Council.
America, David Loomes of Continental record proceeds from the silent auction.
Cement and Joe Finnegan of GCC Live and silent auction items included For more information, visit www. acifounda-
America. cement, fly ash, aggregate, concrete saws, tion.org/giving
drills, safety equipment, training sessions,
For more information visit https://www. reference books and software subscrip-
acpa.org/. AMERICAN CONCRETE INSTITUTE
tions, laptop computers, sports travel ESTABLISHES NEW CENTER OF
packages and golf and vacation travel EXCELLENCE FOR CONCRETE
CONCRETE INDUSTRY MANAGEMENT packages and much more. INDUSTRY PRODUCTIVITY
PROGRAM SHATTERS PREVIOUS For more information visit PRO: An ACI Center of Excellence for
RECORDS BY RAISING $2.1 MILLION www.concretedegree.com. Advancing Concrete Industry Productivity
AT 2023 AUCTION has been launched by the American Con-
The National Steering Committee (NSC) ACI FOUNDATION SEEKS FUNDING crete Institute (ACI). As a catalyst for
for the Concrete Industry Management FOR KENNETH C. HOVER HONORARY solving the barriers of constructability to
(CIM) program—a business intensive pro- FELLOWSHIP advance concrete construction produc-
gram that awards students with a four-year The ACI Foundation has created a new tivity, PRO will collaborate with designers,
Bachelor of Science degree in Concrete Fellowship in honor of Kenneth C. Hover. materials suppliers, and contractors to
Industry Management—is thrilled to His past and present teaching, communi- identify and resolve issues that negatively
announce it raised more than $2.1 million cation, research, and consulting activities impact productivity in concrete construc-
in gross revenue at its annual auction, held have positively influenced several thou- tion.
in conjunction with World of Concrete, on sands of individuals in the concrete
Wednesday, Jan. 18. industry community and enhanced our
“Once again, we thank the concrete knowledge about concrete.
industry for their tremendous support for The ACI Foundation Located at ACI Headquarters in Farm-
this record-breaking auction,” commented recently received ington Hills, MI, USA, the Center aims to
CIM Auction Committee Chairman Ben $50,000 in seed money optimize labor and time against materials
Robuck. “The auction results are indicative from generous donors by improving structural design and con-
of the high value this industry places on in honor of Hover’s life- struction processes through a collabora-
the CIM program and the need for talented long contributions to tive approach with designers, material
leaders in the industry. This year’s auction the concrete industry. suppliers, builders, and industry stake-
was an incredible success, both in terms The ACI Foundation is holders. Initial areas of focus for PRO
of the value of donated items and the auc- looking to raise additional funds towards include industry collaboration efforts,
tion participants. In addition to a concrete the new fellowship to extend the award identification of productivity obstacles and
mixer truck donated by Mack® Trucks, Inc. indefinitely to deserving students. solutions, constructable design resources,
and McNeilus®, a truck-mounted concrete automation, technology validation, interac-
pump donated by Alliance Concrete Hover is a professor of civil and environ- tion with ACI committees, and more. Man-
Pumps and Papé Kenworth, a concrete mental engineering at Cornell University, aged by ACI, the Center will draw from the
mixer truck donated by Peterbilt Motors Ithaca, NY, USA, where his teaching and Institute’s technical and administrative
Company and Con-Tech Manufacturing research focus on concrete materials,

30 CONCRETE REPAIR BULLETIN MARCH/APRIL 2023 WWW.ICRI.ORG

ASSOCIATIONNEWS
support services, with funding provided by together to implement the PCA’s job site responsibilities by trade, FAQs and
Sponsors. Roadmap to Carbon Neutrality, with a much more.
goal of achieving net zero carbon What is ASME B30.27?
“The concrete contractor’s input on design
emissions by 2050. The B30.27 standard is intended to pre-
details, specifications, and material criteria
that embraces the construction process is 4. The importance of life-cycle thinking vent or minimize injury to workers and
long overdue,” said Phil Diekemper, in addressing social sustainability, otherwise provide for the protection of life,
Executive Director, PRO. “Improving con- particularly concrete pavement’s long limb and property by prescribing safety
struction productivity through concrete life; its ability to withstand, respond to, requirements. It provides direction to
design is the key to unlocking project and recover rapidly after a disruptive manufacturers, owners, employers, users
value. I’m very excited to participate as the event; and good performance with and others concerned with or responsible
industry collaborates with a single focus minimal traffic disruption due to main- for its application, and guide governments
to improve concrete construction produc- tenance. and other regulatory bodies in the devel-
tivity.” opment, promulgation and enforcement of
Because millions of miles of pavements
appropriate safety directives.
Initial staffing for the Center comprises an across the globe are placed or rehabili-
Executive Director supported by ACI tech- tated every year, the role of concrete 2023 and Beyond
nical experts. pavement in sustainability cannot be Today is just the beginning for this cam-
understated. paign. Throughout 2023 and beyond, the
PRO and its future sponsors aim to
ACPA will continue to expand the cam-
advance new technologies and processes For more information visit https://www.
paign’s impact by inviting associations and
that improve productivity beyond historic acpa.org/.
organizations across all trades to join in
levels. To learn more visit concreteproduc-
and support this important effort.
tivity.org. AMERICAN CONCRETE PUMPING
ASSOCIATION (ACPA) UNVEILS To learn more about the campaign visit
JOB SITE SAFETY CAMPAIGN WeAreSaferTogether.org.
AMERICAN CONCRETE PAVEMENT
The American Concrete Pumping Associa-
ASSOCIATION ANNOUNCES NEW
tion (ACPA) launched a major safety cam-
WHITE PAPER TO SUPPORT SUSTAIN-
paign to bring heightened awareness of
ABILITY IN THE CONSTRUCTION,
ASME B30.27, the
MAINTENANCE, REHABILITATION,
Safety Standard for
AND EXPANSION OF INFRASTRUC-
Material Placement
TURE
Systems.
The American Concrete Pavement Asso-
ciation (ACPA) announced the release of a The campaign high-
white paper, “Concrete Pavement’s Role lights the responsibili-
in a Sustainable, Resilient Future,” that ties of each trade
synthesizes research on concrete pave- working with or
ment’s contributions to economic, environ- around a concrete
mental, and social sustainability. pump under the stan-
dard. The ultimate
As part of the organization’s role educating
goal of the campaign
decision-makers who are involved in the
is to keep every
placement and rehabilitation of roadway,
person on a job site
highway, and airfield pavements, the ACPA
safe.
is providing the white paper to assist those
decision-makers as they are challenged to The cornerstone of
meet ever-increasing levels of sustain- the campaign is a new
ability. microsite—WeAreSaf-
erTogether.org—which
The report summarizes concrete pave-
provides and pro-
ment’s role in sustainability, including:
motes valuable infor-
1. The long life span of concrete pave- mation to all who work
ment, providing the greatest eco- with or around con-
nomic value over the long term for crete pump equip-
taxpayers and end users. . ment. The microsite
2. Research supporting concrete pave- serves as an educa-
ment’s many use-phase environ- tional resource to
mental and societal benefits. familiarize all parties
with the standard and
3. Examination of how the concrete provides videos,
pavement industry and others across downloadable flyers,
the concrete value chain are working

WWW.ICRI.ORG MARCH/APRIL 2023 CONCRETE REPAIR BULLETIN 31

ASSOCIATIONNEWS
SERENITY HARDSCAPES LLC leading causes of workplace deaths in the much more. The committee meetings are
ACHIEVED ASA QUALIFIED construction industry. open to all attendees. Select programming
SHOTCRETE CONTRACTOR— will also be available on-demand to
This video is a case study about the high-
WET-MIX, LEVEL I attendees who choose to participate
voltage accident that nearly took Ain-
The American Shotcrete Association (ASA) remotely.
sworth’s life. While lucky to be alive, he
is proud to announce that Serenity Hard- suffered severe burns on his limbs, torso, Technical and educational sessions will be
scapes LLC has been named an ASA back and head. He lost a finger and the presented live with on-demand viewing
Qualified Shotcrete Contractor – Wet-Mix, use of his right hand. available afterwards, providing substantial
Level I. opportunity to advance concrete knowl-
The ACPA’s re-release of the video pre-
ASA’s program recognizes shotcrete con- edge.
serves Ainsworth’s story while also pro-
tractors who have shown by their company viding updated guidance on power line To learn more visit aciconvention.org.
resources and past performance, a proven safety. Measures that have changed since
commitment to quality shotcrete place- the video’s inception more than a decade NEX ANNOUNCES PARTNERSHIP
ment. Quality, durable shotcrete placement ago include the ACPA’s extension of the WITH DEXTRA GROUP
on a consistent basis is key to extending 17-foot rule to a minimum clearance of 20 NEx: An ACI Center of Excellence for Non-
the adoption of shotcrete in the wide feet from power lines carrying up to metallic Building Materials is pleased to
variety of concrete structures where shot- 350,000 volts (and 50 feet for 350,000+ welcome Dextra Group, including Partner
crete is the most efficient, sustainable and volts). Other updates include the require- Industrial Control Solutions Company
cost-effective method of concrete place- ment of a spotter when power lines are in (ICSC), as the latest Bronze Supporting
ment. the boom movement area of a pour and Member. Dextra Group will work alongside
The ASA Contractor Qualification program responsibilities outlined in ASME B30.27, a growing list of other members to support
requires a significant time commitment to Material Placement Systems. NEx’s mission to collaborate globally on
attend the ASA Contractor Education the use of nonmetallic building materials
Ainsworth was not a novice. He had been
seminar as well as fully documenting driving research, education, awareness,
working in the concrete pumping industry
shotcrete-related business. ASA has shot- and adoption.
for nearly a decade and owned a concrete
crete experts (contractors, engineers, pumping business in Mesa, Arizona. Prior Dextra Group is known for its ability to
suppliers, and educators) who review and to that, he drove a concrete ready-mix provide comprehensive solutions to its
verify applicant submittals of past suc- truck for nine years. But accidents happen customers, with expertise in the design
cessful work and aspects of shotcrete to even the most experienced construction and reinforcement of concrete structures
critical to quality placement. The Con- professionals, and this video reminds using glass fiber-reinforced polymer
tractor Qualification committee reviews the viewers to be vigilant about locating power (GFRP) rebars, and closely collaborates
shotcrete team, including contractor man- lines and following safety procedures. with ICSC, an FRP manufacturer with a new
agement, ACI-certified nozzleman, crew facility in Damman, KSA. Founded in 1983
experience, proper equipment, and knowl- Add the video to your company’s safety
by French expatriate entrepreneurs,
edge and ability to consistently place training program by visiting www.con-
Dextra Group has established itself as a
quality shotcrete. cretepumpers.com/catalog.
world-renowned manufacturer of engi-
ASA qualification is active for five years. For more information about the ACPA, visit neered steel and fiber-reinforced polymer
ASA Qualified Shotcrete Contractors must www.concretepumpers.com. construction products. For the past 25
heed ASA’s Code of Conduct in their shot- years, Dextra Group has been a leading
crete work: REGISTRATION IS NOW OPEN FOR ACI figure in the composite industry, producing
CONCRETE CONVENTION IN SAN FRAN- high-quality fiber-reinforced polymer solu-
For more information visit www.shotcrete. CISCO, CALIFORNIA, USA tions for major infrastructure projects.
org. The American Concrete Institute is pleased Beyond GFRP rebars, Dextra Group manu-
to host the ACI Concrete Convention in factures other non-metallic solutions like
AMERICAN CONCRETE PUMPING San Francisco, CA, USA, on April 2-6, ground anchors & rock-bolts for geotech-
ASSOCIATION RELEASES 2023. The in-person event showcases nical applications, and electrical insulators
ELECTROCUTION SAFETY VIDEO companies, projects, research, and more, for overhead power lines. To learn more
The ACPA recently updated and re- plus numerous networking events where visit nonmetallic.org.
released an important safety awareness you can expect to meet with many of the
video for the concrete pumping industry: concrete industry’s leading professionals.
The Ray Ainsworth Story (Electrocution). INTERESTED IN SEEING YOUR NEWS IN
Attendees may also visit the exhibit hall to THIS COLUMN?
Operating the boom of a concrete pump learn more about the many products and
requires focus and staying alert at all services offered by exhibitors. Email your 150-200 word association news to
times—especially when working in and The convention will have a robust schedule [email protected]. Content for the May/June 2023
around high-voltage areas. Electrocution that includes over 300 committee meet- issue is due by April 1, 2023, and content for the
is one of the Occupational Safety and ings, 45+ technical sessions, an industry July/August 2023 issue is due by June 1, 2023.
Health Administration’s “Fatal Four” trade exhibition, networking events, and ICRI reserves the right to edit all submissions.

32 CONCRETE REPAIR BULLETIN MARCH/APRIL 2023 WWW.ICRI.ORG

PRODUCTINNOVATION
10 HOUSES 3D PRINTED IN 10 WEEKS ON THE 3D printing of the walls of 10 houses in facilities where harsh chemicals are often
LARGEST 3D PRINTING PROJECT SITE TO January 2023 after just 10 weeks using used.
DATE only one printer. Available in 3-inch, 4-inch, and 6-inch
Holcim’s 14Trees beats other 3D printing In addition, the project’s sustainability widths, and lengths to 8 ½ feet, with cross-
companies in the race to create affordable profile also attained an EDGE Advanced hatching and fluting that is clean and well
housing. sustainable design certification by IFC, the defined. Each section is shot blasted prior
World Bank's development finance to shipment with concealed anchors.
institution, which recognizes resource- AlumoGrit® abrasive cast aluminum
efficient buildings with the potential to be nosings provide years of slip-resistant
zero-carbon. It is the first time a 3D printed service life and are ideal for use in parking
housing project has attained this garages, exterior stairs, in wastewater
certification. treatment plants, chemical processing
facilities, and other locations where harsh
14Trees intends to get the full benefit of
chemicals are often used.
the large-scale project by experimenting
and innovating as the project progresses. Wooster Products is the industry leader in
From Oct. 2022 to Jan. 2023, 14Trees 3D During the next phases which consist of anti-slip stair treads and walkway products.
printed 10 houses in Kilifi, Kenya, averaging 10-15 houses each, several innovations will Long respected for quality and innovation,
one house per week: be included that will allow future tenants their products include cast aluminum
to design their homes and move away from (Alumogrit®) cast iron (Ferrogrit®), extruded
• 6 three-bedrooms (76 m2 / 836 ft2) and the standardized 3D printed approach to aluminum (Spectra, Supergrit®,
4 two-bedrooms (56 m2 / 616 ft2) one which fully leverages the technology’s Stairmaster®, and Flexmaster®), pressure
houses have been 3D printed so far, customization possibilities. sensitive adhesive tape/deck covering
making Mvule Gardens in Kilifi the (Flex-Tred®), and coatings (WP-70, Walk-A-
largest 3D printed project to date. The cost of construction is also an area of
Sured®, and Safe-Stride®), as well as
focus. With each phase, 14Trees is aiming
• No other completed 3D construction photoluminescent (glow-in-the-dark)
at lowering construction costs further such
printing project is currently larger than nosings and treads (NITEGLOW®). For
that the build cost is 20% lower than
that, in the US or elsewhere. a d d i t i o n a l i n f o r m a t i o n v i s i t w w w.
s t a n d a r d h o u s e s . U s i n g H o l c i m ’s
WoosterProducts.com
• The fastest time to print one house in proprietary 3D printing materials,
the Mvule Gardens project was 18 TectorPrint, made at a local plant, has
hours. already meant a significant reduction in HOW TO MITIGATE CORROSION IN PRECAST
costs. CONCRETE
• No other 3D construction printing
p r o j e c t h a s m a t c h e d 1 4 Tr e e s Visit COBOD.com for more information. Precast concrete is a high-quality building
productivity, in the US or elsewhere. material with countless uses: for bridges,
parking ramps, light poles, culverts, prefab
For a long time, 3D construction printing ALUMOGRIT® CAST ALUMINUM NOSINGS
houses, tanks, and much more. Because
has been seen as a possible solution to PROVIDE LONG LASTING ANTI-SLIP
precast concrete is made and cured in a
the escalating affordable housing crisis. PROTECTION EVEN IN CORROSIVE
controlled environment, it has a low risk of
Proponents of the technology claim, that ENVIRONMENTS
corrosion vs. cast-in-place concrete. That
when 3D printing projects in construction Wooster Products features AlumoGrit® cast
is . . . until cracking occurs, as can often
are carried out at scale, the advantages of aluminum nosings with abrasive grit
happen during transportation. Once cracks
the technology become clear. Evidence of integrally cast into the surface for long
form, corrosives can enter and additional
that claim has been lacking, but recent lasting anti-slip protection. These durable
freeze-thaw cracking can occur, leading to
developments actually provide credibility nosings are well suited for rough use, in
long-term corrosion damage. Fortunately,
to the statement. indoor or outdoor installations, in new
Cortec® MCI® is an easy way to arrest
construction or existing structures. They
14Trees is a joint venture company corrosion and extend service life at any
are highly resistant to corrosive
between the cement and concrete giant stage in the precast concrete lifespan.
environments, making them ideal for
Holcim and British International Investment
dedicated to accelerating the provision of
affordable housing in Africa. The joint
venture is behind the first 3D printed
houses in Africa and the first 3D printed
schools in the world. 14Trees announced
some of the initial results of their efforts to
3D print up to 52 houses in Kilifi, Kenya,
using a single BOD2 printer from COBOD.
The BOD2 is the world’s best-selling
construction 3D printer. Following the start
in October 2022, 14Trees completed the

WWW.ICRI.ORG MARCH/APRIL 2023 CONCRETE REPAIR BULLETIN 33

PRODUCTINNOVATION
MCI® for Precast Concrete Repair repairs. They may also discourage the the surface of the metal reinforcement,
Sometimes, corrosion has already gone so progression of the ring anode effect in thus excluding chemistries that act as pore
far that precast concrete elements must areas adjacent to the repair by migrating blockers only. It covers known technologies
be repaired. MCI® Technical Sales and and evening out the corrosion potential on the market at the time of publication
Product Manager, Ash Hasania, found this between existing concrete and repaired and offers tips on surface prep, application,
to be the case when he encountered a areas. and detection/assessment.
client with deteriorating concrete light Rebar and Concrete Surface Prep Cortec® MCIs and the ICRI Standard
poles that were more vulnerable to Rebar rust is typically the leading cause of Cortec’s MCI® SACI chemistries fall under
corrosion because of old, poor quality concrete deterioration, and good surface the ICRI descriptions of ambiodic (mixed)
concrete cast in a slender design. MCI®- prep is therefore integral to a successful inhibitors. They include MCI®-2018, MCI®-
2023 was used to re-passivate rusted repair. Traditionally this involves labor- 2019, MCI®-2020, and MCI®-2021, to name
rebars. MCI® Mini Grenades were added intensive sandblasting and cleaning of the a few. The best SACI to use for a particular
to the ready-mix for the new concrete rusted rebar to white metal. CorrVerter® product varies from application to
patches. Once the concrete cured, MCI® Rust Primer offers a convenient alter- application. Factors such as environmental
surfaces were treated with MCI®-2020 and native to treat and passivate rusted rebars. conditions, budget parameters, and the
MCI®-2018 for additional corrosion application of water protection products
protection. Going forward, the customer all figure into the decision-making. For
began adding MCI®– 2005 to the light example, those in search of the MCI® SACI
poles during casting. with the highest concentration of corrosion
To learn more visit https://www.cortecmci. inhibitors may opt for MCI®-2020. Those
com/ looking for convenient two-in-one
corrosion protection and water repellency
may select MCI®-2018, which combines
MCI® PRODUCTS FOR HISTORICAL
Migrating Corrosion Inhibitors with a 100%
RESTORATION
silane water repellent. MCI®-2019,
Two priorities exist when restoring histor-
A single component, fast drying water containing Migrating Corrosion Inhibitors
ical structures that have deteriorated from
based primer, CorrVerter® MCI® can be and a 40% silane water repellent, may be
corrosion: (1) Mitigate corrosion to extend
applied to layers of tight rust, converting it preferred by those seeking to stay within
service life and minimize future repairs. (2)
into a hydrophobic passive layer. This a more limited budget. When tested
Do so without changing the appearance
method reduces labor and makes re- according to the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation
of the structure. This is especially difficult
rusting less likely in the near future. M-82 Protocol (one of the few existing test
with historical concrete structures, as the
methods for SACIs), these three surface
addition of new materials could alter the Another important aspect of surface prep treatments* showed a significant reduction
color or texture of the concrete. Fortu- is making sure the concrete is clean. For of corrosion and cracking in the presence
nately, Cortec® MCI® products have proven example, concrete contaminated with oils of high chloride exposure.
to be excellent resources for both main- or greases can be cleaned with MCI®-2061
taining and repairing heritage structures. or MCI®-2062. These cleaners contain For more information visit https://www.
microorganisms for extended cleaning cortecmci.com.
power. Left overnight, the microorganisms
degrade and digest greasy substances INTERESTED IN SEEING YOUR NEW
within the concrete. They also continue to PRODUCT IN THIS COLUMN?
provide residual cleaning even after the
surface has been rinsed off. Email your 150-200 word news to editor@
For more information visit https://www. icri.org. Content for the May/June 2023 issue is
cortecmci.com. due by April 1, 2023, and content for the July/
August 2023 issue is due by June 1, 2023. One
MCI® SURFACE APPLIED CORROSION
(1) high resolution product photo may be
One of the most difficult parts of a historical INHIBITORS: A RECOGNIZED INDUSTRY
included. ICRI reserves the right to edit all
concrete repair can be matching new STANDARD
submissions.
repair mortars or concrete mixes to the old ICRI Guideline No. 510.2-2019: Guide for
surface where patching is needed. Some- Use of Penetrating Surface Applied
times this requires highly specialized his- Corrosion Inhibitors for Corrosion
torical or decorative concrete mixes. MCI® Mitigation of Reinforced Concrete
Mini Grenades can be added directly to Structures is the culmination of years of
these specialty mixes to introduce expert collaboration among members† of
Migrating Corrosion Inhibitors to the repair. the International Concrete Repair Institute
These concrete corrosion inhibitors have (ICRI). This groundbreaking standard was For the best in product manufacturers
been successfully used in historical pres- published in 2019 and defines SACIs as
and industry professionals,
ervation jobs to extend service life without corrosion inhibitors that penetrate through
concrete and directly inhibit corrosion on
visit www.icri.org.
changing the color or look of the final

34 CONCRETE REPAIR BULLETIN MARCH/APRIL 2023 WWW.ICRI.ORG

NEWMEMBERS
SUPPORTING MEMBERS Kairos Construction Services Leslie Gayan Zack Taylor Tonia LeBlanc
Balco, Inc. Parker, Colorado Sika Corp. Western Specialty Contractors Spectrum Contracting, Inc.
Wichita, Kansas United States Ottawa, Illinois Indianapolis, Indiana Naples, Florida
United States Turner Mann United States United States United States
Natalie Faber
MDH Foundation Repair Tarek El Homsi Anthony Velasquez Teo Mason
Contech Services Daphne, Alabama C.A. Lindman, Inc. C.A. Lindman, Inc. Coastal Construction Products
Seattle, Washington United States Pompano Beach, Florida Jessup, Maryland Memphis, Tennessee
United States Shannon Reichart United States United States United States
Daryl Heppner
Millsap Waterproofing, Inc. Dylan Howell Chris Winchell Nick Mogren
COMPANY MEMBERS Houston, Texas Sika Corporation USA The Sherwin Williams Company RAM Construction Services of
Advanced Caulking Systems, Inc. United States Dallas, Georgia Cumming, Georgia Minnesota, LLC
Willoughby, Ohio Jack Moore United States United States Blaine, Minnesota
United States United States
TJ Dowhan Nickelson Painting, Inc. Vivek Kumar ADDITIONAL INDIVIDUALS
Rochester, Minnesota Pullman SST, Inc. FROM MEMBER COMPANIES Naguleswaran Nagappar
All Sorts Concrete Inc. United States Benicia, California Derek Bergen Allison Structural Group
Oceanside, California Bob Nickelson United States Crosier Kilgour & Partners Ltd. Columbus, Ohio
United States Winnipeg, Manitoba United States
Jody Cisewski Paveman Coatings Nicholas Langston Canada
Rochester, Minnesota Neogard - Hempel (U.S.A - Inc.) Jonathon Pierce
Anderson Poured Walls United States Greenville, South Carolina Nick Burns John Rohrer Contracting Co., Inc.
Morristown, Tennessee Justin Cady United States Pecora Corporation Honolulu, Hawaii
United States Harleysville, Pennsylvania United States
Jeff Brewer RDQ Engineering, Inc. Paul Lenart United States
Mississauga, Ontario Sherwin-Williams Company, The Jordan Reinhardt
Baystate Shotcrete LLC Canada Schaumburg, Illinois Bradley Cooper Wiss, Janney, Elstner
Groton, Massachusetts Rudin Qordja United States J.J. Morley Enterprises, Inc. Associates, Inc.
United States Birmingham, Alabama Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Justin Shook Reynolds Painting Group FL Mike Levicki United States United States
Tampa, Florida C.A. Lindman, Inc.
Black Rhino Surfaces, Inc. United States Jessup, Maryland Fabian Daley Scott Robinson
Gaithersburg, Maryland Kyle Rhamstine United States Paveman Coatings Dayton Superior
United States Rochester, Minnesota New Braunfels, Texas
Daniel Abebe SIMCO Technologies Ken Mackey United States United States
Quebec, Quebec Neogard Part of Hempel
Calvert Masonry, Inc. Canada Valemount, British Columbia Jeff Feinman Giuliana Stovall
Manassas, Virginia Julie Arsenault Canada Gutknecht Construction Simpson Gumpertz & Heger
United States Columbus, Ohio Waltham, Massachusetts
John Young TCC General Contracting, Inc. Matt Marshallsea United States United States
Quartz Hill, California Aquafin Building Product Systems
Cardinal Waterproofing, Inc. United States Elkton, Maryland Eslam Yehia Gomaa Tanner Swenson
Colleyville, Texas Tom Conroy United States Walker Consultants Wiss, Janney, Elstner Associates
United States New York, New York Golden Valley, Minnesota
David Gladney Technical Representatives of TN Adam McMillan United States United States
Lebanon, Tennessee Sherwin-Williams P&M
CH CO, INC. United States Madison, Alabama Timothy Gregor Christopher Thompson
Astoria, New York Jim McConnell United States Wiss, Janney, Elstner GeoTree Solutions
United States Associates, Inc. Lafayette, Colorado
Mukarram Ahmed Wells Concrete Kelly Moorman Northbrook, Illinois United States
Brighton, Colorado Prosoco, Inc. United States
GC Contractor Services, LLC United States Martinsville, Indiana Lauren VanderLinden
Holly Hill, Florida John King United States Eric Gross Surtreat
United States Wiss, Janney, Elstner Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Glenn Canfield ADDITIONAL INDIVIDUALS Andy Olson Associates, Inc. United States
FROM SUPPORTING Euclid Chemical Company Duluth, Georgia
Hard Surface Finishers, Inc MEMBER COMPANIES Prior Lake, Minnesota United States David Walters
Wood Dale, Illinois Zachary Blume United States JOBS Waterproofing and
United States Pullman SST, Inc. Patrick Haines Restoration Services
James Lewis Natrona Heights, Pennsylvania Stephen Schaab GEROQUP Mapei Houston, Texas
United States Western Specialty Contractors Laval, Quebec United States
Horsley Construction Group, Inc. Kansas City, Missouri Canada
Panama City, Florida Steve Cooper United States Jeffrey Weisenberger
United States Balco, Inc. Dwight Ho Wiss, Janney, Elstner
Mike Horsley Wichita, Kansas Justin Schooley John Rohrer Contracting Co., Inc. Associates, Inc.
United States The Sherwin-Williams Paint Co. Honolulu, Hawaii Chicago, Illinois
Hucks Enterprises Woodstock, Georgia United States United States
Myrtle Beach, South Carolina Robert Costenaro United States
United States Sika Canada, Inc. Christopher Kuenzer INDIVIDUAL MEMBERS
Lucas Hucks Quebec City, Quebec Warren Storrs Wiss, Janney, Elstner Galit Agranati
Canada Euclid Chemical Company Associates, Inc. Haifa, Israel
JOBS Waterproofing and Spanaway, Washington Chicago, Illinois Israel
Restoration Services Noah Doukas United States United States
Houston, Texas Walter P Moore & Associates Golnar Alimoghaddam
United States Orlando, Florida Thornhill, Ontario
Tony Wightman United States Canada

WWW.ICRI.ORG MARCH/APRIL 2023 CONCRETE REPAIR BULLETIN 35

NEWMEMBERS
Anthony Allegra Rick Edsall Tom Kornahrens Chad Rine GOVERNMENT MEMBERS
Eastlake, Ohio Moraine, Ohio Miami, Florida Lenexa, Kansas Sabrina Boivin
United States United States United States United States Hydro Quebec
L’Ange-Gardien, Quebec
Patrick Allen Ormand Elkins William J. Mathers Joel Robinson Canada
Indianapolis, Indiana Atlanta, Georgia Stuart, Florida Mount Vernon, Washington
United States United States United States United States Elizabeth Pidgeon
National Park Service
Marla Anderson Kevin Farley Warren Maxwell Wendy Rouleau San Francisco, California
St Paul, Minnesota Chicago, Illinois Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Conyers, Georgia United States
United States United States United States United States
Marianna Williams
James Belville Peter Giannopoulos Darin McKenzie Ahmad Saleh No CA Cement Masons JATC
Tempe, Arizona Markham, Ontario Columbus, Ohio Richardson, Texas Tracy, California
United States Canada United States United States United States

Trevor Bestwick Charlie Grune Jason Monfils Charles Smith STUDENT MEMBERS
North Vancouver, British Honolulu, Hawaii Appleton, Wisconsin Oklahoma City, Oklahoma Oluwadamilare Akingbala
Columbia United States United States United States New Jersey Institute of Technology
Canada Union, New Jersey
Kenny Hawkins Zachary Moreira Ronald Sturm United States
Brian Carrillo Bedford, Texas Pembroke Pines, Florida Chicago, Illinois
Anaheim, California United States United States United States Hans Andersson
United States Lilljarpen Entreprenad AB
Christian Hill Mike Morse Brad Taylor Liden, Vasternorrland
Parker Chilcoat New York, New York Raleigh, North Carolina Regina, Saskatchewan Sweden
Spring, Texas United States United States Canada
United States Paige DiCiccio
Chris Hollingsworth Pat Murphy Ryan Teubner University of Hartford
Ken Colemere Murrells Inlet, South Carolina Greensboro, Georgia Oklahoma City, Oklahoma West Hartford, Connecticut
Boerne, Texas United States United States United States United States
United States
Josh Hubbard Marc Nascimento Matthew Trenda Emily Florian
Paul Conners Raleigh, North Carolina Fort Myers, Florida Eagan, Minnesota New Jersey Institute of Technology
Alexandria, Virginia United States United States United States North Bergen, New Jersey
United States United States
Marshall Hyatt Adam Ninteman Fabio Viecili
Matthew Copeland Grand Bay, Alabama Hyattsville, Maryland Anchieta, RS Dora Pugliese
Hudson, Massachusetts United States United States Brazil University of Miami
United States Coral Gables, Florida
Mary Jablonski David Parent Labbe Patrick Williams United States
Lexie DeCicco New York, New York Quebec, Quebec Rochester, New York
Fort Myers, Florida United States Canada United States Ethan Schneider
United States EC2S
Adam Johnson Brenda Pummell Elias Zaarour Valparaiso, Florida
Erin Dobies Sterling, Virginia Columbus, Ohio Toronto, Ontario United States
Seven Hills, Ohio United States United States Canada
United States
Tim King Tim Rayburn James Zeller
Mark Duncan Moraline, Ohio Kirkland, Washington Chicago, Illinois
Minneapolis, Minnesota United States United States United States
United States

INDEX OFADVERTISERS
Coastal Construction Products ..............................................................................9
Evonik Corporation ...................................................................Inside Front Cover
Gary Carlson Equipment ........................................................................................ 11
LymTal International, Inc. ........................................................................................ 11
MAPEI .......................................................................................... Inside Back Cover INTERNATIONAL CONCRETE
Master Builders Solutions .......................................................................................7 REPAIR INSTITUTE
Miracote ......................................................................................................................3 1000 Westgate Drive, Suite 252
National Waterproofing Supply............................................................................ 31 St. Paul, Minnesota 55114
Rapid Set .................................................................................................................. 29 P: 651-366-6095
Sika Corporation ....................................................................................Back Cover E: [email protected]
W: www.icri.org

36 CONCRETE REPAIR BULLETIN MARCH/APRIL 2023 WWW.ICRI.ORG

 CONCRETE SOLUTIONS

DR Y WASHING

Sustainable concrete production means reducing the consumption of natural resources and
eliminating waste material streams. MAPEI has developed products and solutions that do just that:
RE-CON ZERO EVO transforms returned concrete into aggregates;
RE-CON DRY WASHING utilizes these aggregates to greatly reduce slurry from washing truck mixers;
RE-CON AGG helps use higher dosages of recycled aggregates or other demanding raw materials.
Transforming concrete production together – from linear to circular towards a sustainable future

Learn more at www.mapei.com.

SET IT SOONER

SikaQuick® Repair Mortars

SikaQuick® repair mortars are perfect for fast paced restoration work with
spalled & damaged concrete in all types of structures including high rises,
bridges, and parking garages. Ranging from vertical & overhead, horizontal
and form & pour applications, there is a SikaQuick® solution for any project!

Your dependable choice when speed matters!

SIKA CORPORATION
201 Polito Avenue | Lyndhurst, NJ 07071 | 800.933.SIKA | usa.sika.com