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Aurora State College of Technology

Engineering Department
Zabali Campus, Baler

DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF A SEMI-AUTOMATED CHICKEN


COOP SYSTEM WITH ARDUINO FOR IMPROVED LIVESTOCK
MANAGEMENT

A Research

Presented to the Department of Engineering


Aurora State College of Technology
Mechanical Engineering Program
Brgy. Zabali, Baler, Aurora

In partial fulfillment of the requirement in

PROJECT STUDY 2

Gomez, Keeno Efren A.


Lauresta, Mike Laurence P.
Samonte, Steven Charles Nick C.
Uy, Princes Lyka R.
Velano, Reginald C.
BSME 4

Engr. Marco Sollano


Adviser

Dr. Oscar C. Barawid Jr.


Instructor
DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF A SEMI-AUTOMATED CHICKEN COOP
SYSTEM WITH ARDUINO FOR IMPROVED LIVESTOCK MANAGEMENT

SOURCE OF TECHNOLOGY
The researchers are undertaking a project to develop an automated chicken
coop system with Arduino, with the primary objective of enhancing livestock
management. The project is designed to control the temperature and automate
functions such as feeding and cleaning, which will lead to reduced man-hours and
increased efficiency. This project will require significant effort and preparation,
including the selection of appropriate hardware components and the development
of software code to enable the Arduino to perform the desired functions. By
automating the chicken farming process, the researchers hope to reduce the time
and effort required for livestock management and create a safer and more efficient
environment for the chickens. Ultimately, the researchers aim to contribute to the
development of sustainable and effective chicken farming practices that can
support local communities and improve food security.
With the amount of technology and vast information that exists within the
current digital age. It becomes spontaneous to say that the researchers would be
using the internet to search for techniques, systems and other relevant studies.

ABSTRACT:
This research project aims to develop an automated chicken coop
system using Arduino technology to enhance livestock management. The project
seeks to control the temperature, automate feeding and cleaning processes, and
increase efficiency, while reducing labor costs. The project involves careful
hardware selection and software code development for the Arduino technology to
perform the desired functions. The objective is to create a safer and more efficient
environment for chickens, and contribute to sustainable and effective farming
practices that support local communities and improve food security. The internet
and digital resources are being utilized to inform the project's development. The
research aims to promote innovation in livestock management and provide insights
into the role of technology in agriculture.

KEYWORDS: Arduino, chicken coop, poultry farming


I. INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study


Raising chickens became a popular agricultural activity for centuries, for it does
not only provide source of food but also a good source of income. However, the
traditional chicken farming methods requires too much efforts and man-hours to
maintain its effectiveness. It is time consuming and labor-intensive, which can limit
productivity and profitability. Also, traditional methods may not provide optimal
living conditions for the chickens, which can lead to health problems and decreased
production. These are the common challenges that the chicken farmers are facing.
However, in recent years, there has been an increasing interest in using technology
to automate some aspects of chicken farming such as feeding, watering, cleaning
and lighting. The use of automated systems in chicken farming has several
benefits, including improved efficiency, reduced labor costs, and increased control
over the environment.
With the automated systems in chicken farming, it becomes easy to assume
that there is plenty of assurance regarding the systems overall need and efficiency.
It gives the grower control over the environment along with the care needed over
the control of the chickens required and optimal water and food amount. It also
does not require too much labor, chicken farming with automated systems offers a
lighter workload for workers and can be readily handled with far less man-hours
since it eliminates the need for cleaning, too much monitoring and other labor-
intensive farm tasks.
With the above premises, the researchers would like to contribute and develop
an automated chicken coop system with Arduino for improved livestock
management. Arduino is an open-source electronics platform based on easy-to-
use hardware and software. It's intended for anyone making interactive projects.
The system will be designed to automate various functions, including feeding,
watering, cleaning, lighting, and temperature control. Overall, the proposed thesis
has the potential to contribute to the development of more efficient and effective
chicken farming practices. By automating certain aspects of chicken farming,
farmers can increase their productivity and profitability, while also providing a safer
and more efficient environment for their birds.

Statement of the Problem:


The current methods of managing chicken coops are time-consuming and labor-
intensive, which can lead to decreased efficiency and profitability. Additionally,
traditional methods may not provide optimal living conditions for the chickens,
which can lead to health problems and reduced production.
To address these challenges, this study aims to design and develop an
automated chicken coop system using Arduino to improve livestock
management.
1. How can an automated chicken coop system with Arduino be designed and
developed to improve livestock management and reduce the need for manual
labor?
2. How can an automated chicken coop system ensure consistent living
conditions for chickens and prevent health problems that may result from
inconsistent temperature, humidity, or lack of food and water?
3. How can an automated chicken coop system effectively monitor chicken
health to enable timely treatment and reduce mortality rates?

Objectives:
1. To design and develop a prototype of an automated chicken coop system
with Arduino that can monitor and regulate the feeding, drinking, cleaning,
temperature, and lighting conditions within the coop.
2. To investigate the effectiveness of an automated chicken coop system with
Arduino in reducing manual labor requirements and improving livestock
management efficiency.
3. To assess the effectiveness of an automated chicken coop system with
Arduino in regulating feeding, drinking, cleaning, temperature, and lighting
conditions within the coop and reducing manual labor requirements by
analyzing the system's performance in various parameters.

Significance of the Study


The result of this research project will give information regarding the effectiveness
of an automated chicken coop system with Arduino for improved livestock
management. The findings of the study will mean the following:
Students. This study can empower and provide understanding about chicken
farming. This can also serve as reference in their future experiments and studies.
Students could adapt some techniques in data gathering and research design
parallel to the study.
Future Researchers. This thesis will contribute to the knowledge base of livestock
management by introducing an automated chicken coop with Arduino. The
research findings will add to the existing body of knowledge on chicken farming
and automation, providing insights for future research in this area.
Innovation and Technology. The study will showcase the use of innovative
technologies, such as Arduino, in agriculture, highlighting the potential of
automation to transform traditional farming practices. This thesis will demonstrate
the application of Arduino in the development of an automated chicken coop,
serving as a reference for future research in this area.
Economic and Environmental Sustainability. The study will contribute to the
development of sustainable agricultural practices by reducing the environmental
impact of chicken farming, improving energy efficiency, and reducing costs. The
findings of the study will be relevant to policymakers and stakeholders concerned
with sustainable agriculture.
Farmers. The study will have practical implications for chicken farmers, especially
those who are looking to improve their livestock management and productivity. The
automated chicken coop will provide a real-world solution to the challenges of
chicken farming, such as labor costs, energy consumption, and environmental
impact.
Interdisciplinary Approach: This thesis will bring together knowledge from
different fields, such as engineering, agriculture, and environmental science, to
develop an innovative solution to the challenges of chicken farming. This
interdisciplinary approach will contribute to the development of collaborative
research initiatives and cross-disciplinary knowledge transfer.

Scope and Delimitation


This study will focus in developing an automated chicken coop using Arduino
for improved livestock management.

II. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Foreign Literature
(Jerson Andrés Cuéllar Sáenz 2021) Automatic drinkers should also be
considered among the feeding components in poultry farming. Poultry drink 1.6 to
2 times more water than the amount of feed they consume. For this reason, they
must have an adequate water supply to ensure efficient production. As poultry
grow, their water consumption increases in proportion to their body weight.

(Ifeanyi Chinaeke-Ogbuka, Edward Anoliefo, and Augustine Ajibo,2021). “Design


and Implementation of an Automated Feeding System for Poultry Farms”. The
article presents the design and implementation of an automatic feeding system for
poultry farms aimed at addressing the challenges associated with high labor costs
and poor power management. The system controls the dispensing of both liquid
and solid poultry feed through digital technology, specifically a program written on
an ATmega328P microcontroller via the Arduino Uno. The study highlights that the
proposed system performs better than conventional feeding methods, saving both
time and energy. This system's potential for providing a user-friendly, cost-effective
solution to current challenges in poultry farming could be of interest to researchers
and practitioners in the field of agricultural engineering.
(Promphak Boonraksaa and Terapong Boonraksa, 2022). “The Design of
Automatic Chicken Feeders Machine Controlled by a Smartphone” This article
describes the development of a smartphone-controlled automatic chicken feeder,
which utilizes a DC motor to transport food via a spiral shaft. The Blynk application
on the smartphone allows for the control of the motor's speed and on/off function.
The experiment conducted using a motor speed of 100 rpm demonstrated that the
chicken feeder consumed 11.20 W of power and had a full pan feeding time of 3.45
minutes. The study highlights the potential benefits of using automatic chicken
feeders to simplify the work of farmers and potentially apply the knowledge to other
animal feeding applications.

Local Literature

(Debbie Butch R. Pequeña , Arthur L. Fajardo , Omar F. Zubia, and Roger A. Luyun
Jr., 2021) “Development of an Automated Drinking System Using
Microcontroller for Broiler Production”. The developed automated drinking
system was able to monitor, control, and record water quality and quantity data
during the initial and actual field tests with no discrepancies and alarms, hence,
water quality data were within the expected and set limits. Enough and good quality
water were supplied to the broilers throughout the duration of tests. The
surrounding environment temperature and humidity data were monitored and
recorded as well. The annual cost difference of broiler production favored the
automated drinking system over the conventional system; thus, the use of
automation could be considered in small broiler production in the Philippines.
(Poultry Manual,2015). “Philippines Poultry Farming Guide: Environmental
Control Measures”. The article provides a guide for poultry farmers in the
Philippines on implementing environmental control measures in their farms. It
highlights the importance of maintaining a suitable environment for poultry to
thrive and produce high-quality products. The article covers several key aspects
of environmental control, including temperature, humidity, ventilation, lighting, and
biosecurity.
Regarding temperature control, the article suggests using temperature sensors
and heaters to maintain an optimal temperature range of 21-32°C for broilers and
18-21°C for layers. Humidity should also be controlled within the range of 50-70%,
and proper ventilation is necessary to prevent the buildup of ammonia and carbon
dioxide gases.
Lighting is also crucial in poultry farming, as it affects bird behavior, egg
production, and growth. The article recommends providing at least 16 hours of
light per day for broilers and 14-16 hours for layers, using both natural and artificial
lighting.
Finally, the article emphasizes the importance of implementing biosecurity
measures to prevent the spread of diseases in the flock. Measures include proper
sanitation, limiting human and animal traffic in the farm, and isolating sick birds.

III. OVERVIEW OF THE PROPOSED SYSTEMS

Frame
The structure of the chicken coop system had a dimension of 2 meters in length,
0.8 meters in width, and 1 meter in height. It was constructed using a combination
of wood and iron materials to ensure sturdiness and durability. The design of the
coop was intended to house approximately 10 young chickens, providing them
with a comfortable and secure environment. In addition to its dimensions and
materials, the chicken coop system also had feet, which would have helped to lift
the coop off the ground and provide stability. The feet would have prevented the
coop from sinking into the ground and protected the chickens from dampness and
potential predators.

Automatic Feeder
The automatic feeder for chicken coop system was composed mainly of
the following: screw feeder (PVC), 2 ultrasonic sensors, DC motor (12V), Arduino,
Box Casing (wood, plywood), PVC (4 inches). These components work together
to create a system that can distribute feed to chickens without the need for manual
intervention.
Figure 1. Automatic Feeder Block Diagram

Figure 1 shows the automatic feeder block diagram. The automatic feeder system
with screw blade mechanism has been enhanced with the use of an ultrasonic
sensor to detect the height of the feed inside the PVC tube. The sensor is
programmed to detect a distance of 30cm < x ≤ 31cm, and the feeder dispenses
feed within this distance range. In other words, it will only start dispensing when
the distance is 31cm and will stop when it drops to 30cm, meaning the feeds
container is full. The system includes two feeders, and the feed dispensing
alternately between feeder 1 and 2 for 5 seconds each until the sensor detects a
distance of x = 30cm. The DC motor used to operate the feeder is programmed
to run continuously at a specific RPM, and its direction and speed are controlled
by an L298n motor driver. The blade mechanism, with the help of bearings,
ensures that the rotation is smooth and efficient. This helps prevent overfeeding
and wastage of feed, while ensuring that the chickens are fed appropriately.

Automatic Drinking System


The chicken drinker system is a simple and effective way to provide water to
your chickens. It consists of a 2-inch PVC pipe, a blue water supply pipe, an elbow
pipe, and a water storage container. The blue pipe is connected to the water
storage container, and a valve is attached to control the flow of water. The PVC
pipe is cut to the desired length and connected to the elbow pipe, which directs
the water flow and prevents spillage.
To use the system, you can adjust the valve to control the water flow, and water
will flow through the blue pipe and fill up the PVC pipe. The height of the blue pipe
can be adjusted to control the water level in the PVC pipe, and once the desired
level is reached, the valve can be closed to stop the flow of water. This ensures
that the chickens have access to clean water without any wastage or spillage.
It's important to check the system regularly to make sure the valve is functioning
properly and to ensure that the water supply is clean and free of contaminants.
With proper maintenance, this chicken drinker system can provide a reliable and
efficient source of water for your chickens.

Cleaner System
The automatic cleaner system is made up of several components, including
a 1m long 1x2 wooden plank, a 3.2-meter metal rod, four bearings, a 2-inch PVC
pipe, flat and angle bars, 12 DC motors, sprockets, chains, bolts, straps, and lona.
It's important to note that the water system used in the cleaning process is the
same as the drinking system for the chickens. This ensures that the water is clean
and free from any harmful contaminants that could affect the health of the chickens.
The conveyor belt was made of a lona material and was supported by a wooden
frame. To ensure proper movement of the conveyor belt, a chain mechanism was
utilized in conjunction with a rotating mechanism, which was controlled by a manual
switch with a potentiometer. The potentiometer allowed the user to control the
speed of the conveyor belt. Additionally, rollers made of PVC, axle, and bearings
were used in the cleaning process to facilitate movement of the conveyor belt.

Figure 2. Drinking & Cleaning Water System

Temperature, Lighting and Exhaust System


The automatic temperature, lighting and exhaust system is made up of
several components, including Arduino, temperature sensor, fan, frosted bulb and
led lights.
Figure 3. Heating System Block Diagram

Figure 4. LED Lights & Exhaust Fans Block Diagram

Figure 3&4 shows the block diagram for heating, light and exhaust system.
The system will be equipped with a temperature sensor that will detect when the
temperature drops below 26°C. When this happens, the system will automatically
turn on the frosted bulbs to provide additional heat to the chickens. The light will
remain on until the temperature reaches 31°C, at which point the system will
automatically turn off the frosted bulbs. In addition to the lights, a fan will be used
to regulate the temperature in the coop. The fan together with the LED lights will
be controlled by a toggle switch and will be directed to the outlet to exhaust hot air
out of the coop. This ensures that the chickens are kept at a comfortable
temperature and have good air circulation, which can contribute to their overall
health and well-being.

IV. IMPLEMENTATION AND TESTING OF THE DESIGN

WORKING MODEL OF THE AUTOMATIC FEEDER

Top view of the Feeder System

Outside View of the Feeder System

Inside View of the Feeder System


Screw Blade inside the system

WORKING MODEL OF THE DRINKING SYSTEM


WORKING MODEL OF THR AUTOMATIC CLEANER

WORKING MODEL OF THE HEATING, LIGHTING, AND EXHAUST FAN


SYSTEM

Heating System

Lighting and Exhaust Fan System


V. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

AUTOMATIC FEEDER
The automatic feeder system with screw blade mechanism and ultrasonic
sensor is an effective way to feed chickens. The system's ability to detect the height
of the feed and dispense it within a specific distance range helps to prevent
overfeeding and wastage of feed while ensuring that the chickens are fed
appropriately. The inclusion of two feeders and the alternation between them
further ensures that the chickens are fed regularly and consistently. The use of a
DC motor and motor driver to control the feeder's blade mechanism also helps to
ensure efficient and smooth rotation. Overall, the automatic feeder system appears
to be a well-designed and effective solution for feeding chickens.

DRINKING SYSTEM
The chicken drinking system is a simple and effective way to provide water to
chickens. It allows for easy adjustment of the water flow and water level, and the
use of a valve ensures that water is not wasted or contaminated. With proper
maintenance, this chicken drinker system can provide a reliable and efficient
source of water for chickens. Therefore, the drinking system is a practical solution
for chicken owners who want to ensure that their chickens have access to clean
water at all times.

CLEANING SYSTEM
The automatic cleaner system is a well-designed and efficient system that
effectively utilizes a combination of various components such as wooden planks,
metal rods, bearings, PVC pipes, motors, chains, and lona to automate the
cleaning process for chicken waste. The use of the same water system as the
drinking system for the chickens ensures that the water used in the cleaning
process is clean and free from any harmful contaminants that could affect the
health of the chickens.
The system's ability to control the speed of the conveyor belt using a
potentiometer and the use of rollers made of PVC, axle, and bearings contribute to
its effectiveness in facilitating the movement of the conveyor belt. Additionally, the
brush attached at the end of the conveyor belt supports the cleaning process of
chicken waste.
Therefore, based on the information provided, it can be concluded that the
automatic cleaner system is an effective and efficient system for cleaning chicken
waste. Its ability to automate the cleaning process, coupled with the use of
appropriate components, ensures that the cleaning process is efficient and
effective.

TEMPERATURE, LIGHTING AND EXHAUST SYSTEM


The use of a temperature sensor and automatic control of the frosted bulbs
ensures that the temperature stays within a suitable range for the chickens. The
addition of the fan and exhaust outlet further contributes to maintaining good air
circulation, which can have a positive impact on the chickens' health. Overall, the
temperature control system is an efficient and effective solution for ensuring the
well-being of the chickens in the coop.
RECOMMENDATIONS:

 Consider implementing additional automation systems, such as automated egg


collection or lighting controls, to further streamline the chicken care process and
reduce labor requirements.
 Use energy-efficient components and consider incorporating solar panels to
make the entire system more environmentally friendly and reduce long-term
operating costs.
 Regularly monitor the chickens' health and behavior to ensure they are
comfortable and healthy in their environment, and make adjustments as necessary.
 Consider implementing additional safety measures, such as fire alarms and
extinguishers, to prevent potential hazards and ensure the safety of the chickens
and operators.
 Keep detailed records of the system's performance and any issues that arise,
as well as any adjustments made, to help identify areas for improvement and
ensure continued effectiveness over time.

REFERENCES:
https://www.arduino.cc
Jerson Andrés Cuéllar Sáenz 2021. Automatic feeders and drinkers to improve
feeding in poultry farming. Retrieved from
https://www.veterinariadigital.com/en/articulos/automatic-feeders-and-drinkers-to-
improve-feeding-in-poultry-farming/
Debbie Butch R. Pequeña , Arthur L. Fajardo , Omar F. Zubia, and Roger A. Luyun
Jr., 2021 Development of an Automated Drinking System Using Microcontroller for
Broiler Production.Retrieved from https://biomech.ceat.uplb.edu.ph/wp-
content/uploads/2021/06/PJABE-Vol17-No1-1-2021-Pequena-et-al.pdf
Ifeanyi Chinaeke-Ogbuka, Edward Anoliefo, and Augustine Ajibo,2021. Design and
Implementation of an Automated Feeding System for Poultry Farms. Retrieved from
http://ieomsociety.org/proceedings/2021rome/336.pdf
Promphak Boonraksaa and Terapong Boonraksa, 2022. The Design of Automatic
Chicken Feeders Machine Controlled by a Smartphone. International Journal of
Science and Innovative Technology Volume5 Issue1. Retrieved from https://ph01.tci-
thaijo.org/index.php/IJSIT/article/view/248462/168620
Poultry Manual,2015. Philippines Poultry Farming Guide: Environmental Control
Measures. Retrieved from https://poultrymanual.com/2015/10/16/philippines-poultry-
farming-guide-environmental-control-measures/
APPENDICES

Materials and Cost

Material Cost (Php)


MAJOR COMPONENTS
3 PCS. PVC PIPE B10 S600 2” 380
6 PCS. PVC C-OUT 2” 234
2 PCS. PVC ELBOW 78
2PVC ELBOW 1/2 20
2 PVC BLUE ELBOW 1/2 16
1 ORANGE PIPE 76
1 PVC ORANGE (3/4) 99
2 PCS. ELBOW 50
4 HOSE CLAMP 1/2 28
1 PLAIN BAR 12mm 295
1 PC. RSB 9mm 125
WOOD 1500
1 PC. MARINE PLYWOOD (1/4) 415
4 ORDINARY PLYWOOD 1180
2 R.ROOFING 330
3FT. LEHA #60 156
1 PC. STEEL MATTING 385
2m AMAZON SCREEN (1X3) 230
1 YARD SALANDRA 90
1 YARD PLASTIC COVER 150
3 YRDS. MORUYOMA LONA 570
CHAIN AND SPROCKET 70
2 ULTRASONIC SENSOR 236
MOTOR DRIVER MOTOR 133
220V DC MOTOR 150
3X12V DYNAMO 250
1 PC. 12V CHARGER 200
ELECTRICAL PLUG 11
2m CABLE WIRE 30
8m DOUBLE WIRE 120
1.5m SPEAKER WIRE #16 44
3m FLAT CORD #18 57
2 PCS. FROSTED LAMP 10W 52
2PCS. FROSTED LAMP 25W 130
2 LED 60
2 SOCKET 46
1 SOCKET OUTLET 39
2 KEYLESS CURRENT TAP 90
SOCKET W/ FLAT PIN
OUTLET
1 VALVE 100
2 SWITCH 30
SWITCH W/ POTENTIOMETER 50
2 BROWN PAINT 124
1 GREEN PAINT 62
MINOR COMPONENTS
BAPPING DISC 35
2PCS. CUTTING DISC 50
1 PC. DRILL BIT 1/8 50
½ kl. CWN 1” 43
½ kl. CWN 3” 38
¼ kl. CWN 4” 25
13 PCS. WOOD SCREW 2” 20
40 WOOD SCREW 7X1/2 30
60 BLACK SCREW 70
20 PCS. WB SCREW 35
2 PCS. BOLTS & 4 PCS. NUTS 32
2 PCS. JP BOLT 5X40 9
6 PCS. 4mm BOLTS 15
4 PCS. BEARING 280
1 PC. NSK BEARING 38
2 PCS. BEARING 100
PORTABLE WELDING ROD 50
3 PAIRS S/S HINGES 69
2 SET MARINE EPOXY 1/8 165
PIONEER
4 PCS. FLAT WASHER 3/8 8
2 PCS. HOOK & EYE 5
STRAPS 40
1 BOX STAPLE 3/4 42
1 BOX THUMB TACKS 10
7 SHOE GLUE 102
1 PACK STICK GLUE 62
1 DOUBLE SIDED TAPE 30
1 PC. ELECTRICAL TAPE 17
1 PC. TAPELON (SMALL) 7
NEEDLE 4
1 BROOMSTICK 35
1 PAINTBRUSH 35
SERVICES
5X TISTIS 260
MACHINE SHOP 60
TRANSPORT EXPENSES 50
SEWING SERVICE 50

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