Group

1
Periodic Table of the Elements 18
Period 1.008
1312.0 2.20
1 4.0026
2372.3
2
+1

1
H
Hydrogen
−1 standard atomic weight
or most stable mass number
1st ionization energy
55.845
762.5 1.83
26 atomic number
electronegativity
He
Helium
1s¹ 2 in kJ/mol +6 13 14 15 16 17 1s²

Fe
+5
6.94
520.2 0.98
3 9.0122
899.5 1.57
4 +4
+3
10.81
800.6 2.04
5 12.011
1086.5 2.55
6 14.007
1402.3 3.04
7 15.999
1313.9 3.44
8 18.998
1681.0 3.98
9 20.180
2080.7
10
+1 +2 chemical symbol +3 +4 +5 +2 −1
+2
B C N O F Ne
+2 +3 +4 +1

Li Be
−1
2 +1
+1 +2
+1
−1
+3
+2
+1
−1
−2

Lithium
1s² 2s¹
Beryllium
1s² 2s²
name Iron −1
−2
oxidation states
most common are bold
Boron
1s² 2s² 2p¹
Carbon
1s² 2s² 2p²
−2
−3
−4 Nitrogen
1s² 2s² 2p³
−1
−2
−3 Oxygen
1s² 2s² 2p⁴
Fluorine
1s² 2s² 2p⁵
Neon
1s² 2s² 2p⁶
electron configuration [Ar] 3d⁶ 4s²
22.990
495.8 0.93
11 24.305
737.7 1.31
12 radioactive elements have
26.982
577.5 1.61
13 28.085
786.5 1.90
14 30.974
1011.8 2.19
15 32.06
999.6 2.58
16 35.45
1251.2 3.16
17 39.948
1520.6
18
+1 +2 +3 +4 +5 +6 +7

Cl
masses in parenthesis

Al Si P S Ar
+1 +3 +4 +5 +6

Na Mg
−1 +1
3 +2
+1
−1
+3
+2
+1
+4
+3
+2
+5
+4
+3
−2 −1 +1 +2
Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon −3
−4 Phosphorus −2
−3 Sulfur −1
−2 Chlorine +1
−1 Argon
[Ne] 3s¹ [Ne] 3s² 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 [Ne] 3s² 3p¹ [Ne] 3s² 3p² [Ne] 3s² 3p³ [Ne] 3s² 3p⁴ [Ne] 3s² 3p⁵ [Ne] 3s² 3p⁶

39.098
418.8 0.82
19 40.078
589.8 1.00
20 44.956
633.1 1.36
21 47.867
658.8 1.54
22 50.942
650.9 1.63
23 51.996
652.9 1.66
24 54.938
717.3 1.55
25 55.845
762.5 1.83
26 58.933
760.4 1.91
27 58.693
737.1 1.88
28 63.546
745.5 1.90
29 65.38
906.4 1.65
30 69.723
578.8 1.81
31 72.630
762.0 2.01
32 74.922
947.0 2.18
33 78.971
941.0 2.55
34 79.904
1139.9 2.96
35 83.798
1350.8 3.00
36
+1 +2 +3 +4 +5 +6 +7 +6 +5 +4 +4 +2 +3 +4 +5 +6 +7 +2

Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
+2 +3 +4 +5 +6 +5 +4 +3 +3 +2 +3 +3 +4 +5
4
K
Potassium
Ca
Calcium Scandium
+1

Titanium
+2
+1
−1

Vanadium
+3
+2
+1
−1
Chromium
+4
+3
+2
+1
−1
−2 Manganese
+5
+4
+3
+2
+1
… Iron
+4
+3
+2
+1
−1
−2 Cobalt
+3
+2
+1
−1
−2
Nickel
+2
+1
−1

Copper
+2
+1

Zinc Gallium
+1

Germanium
+2
+1
−4

Arsenic
+2
−3

Selenium
+2
−2

Bromine
+4
+3
+1
−1
Krypton
[Ar] 3d¹ 4s² [Ar] 3d² 4s² [Ar] 3d³ 4s² [Ar] 3d⁵ 4s¹ [Ar] 3d⁵ 4s² −3 [Ar] 3d⁶ 4s² [Ar] 3d⁷ 4s² [Ar] 3d⁸ 4s² [Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s¹ [Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s² [Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p¹ [Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p² [Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p³ [Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p⁴ [Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p⁵ [Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p⁶
[Ar] 4s¹ [Ar] 4s²

85.468
403.0 0.82
37 87.62
549.5 0.95
38 88.906
600.0 1.22
39 91.224
640.1 1.33
40 92.906
652.1 1.60
41 95.95
684.3 2.16
42 (98)
702.0 1.90
43 101.07
710.2 2.20
44 102.91
719.7 2.28
45 106.42
804.4 2.20
46 107.87
731.0 1.93
47 112.41
867.8 1.69
48 114.82
558.3 1.78
49 118.71
708.6 1.96
50 121.76
834.0 2.05
51 127.60
869.3 2.10
52 126.90
1008.4 2.66
53 131.29
1170.4 2.60
54
+1 +2 +3 +4 +5 +6 +7 +8 +6 +4 +3 +2 +3 +4 +5 +6 +7 +8

Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
+2 +3 +4 +5 +6 +7 +5 +2 +2 +2 +2 +3 +5 +5 +6
5
Rb
Rubidium
Sr
Strontium Yttrium
+1

Zirconium
+2
+1

Niobium
+3
+2
−1

Molybdenum
+4
+3
+2
+1
−1
−2 Technetium
+5
+4
+3
+2
+1
−1 Ruthenium
+6
+5
+4
+3
+2
+1 Rhodium
+4
+3
+2
+1
−1
Palladium Silver
+1

Cadmium Indium
+1

Tin
−4

Antimony
−3

Tellurium
+4
+2
−2

Iodine
+3
+1
−1

Xenon
+4
+2

[Kr] 4d¹ 5s² [Kr] 4d² 5s² [Kr] 4d⁴ 5s¹ [Kr] 4d⁵ 5s¹ [Kr] 4d⁵ 5s² −3 [Kr] 4d⁷ 5s¹ −2 [Kr] 4d⁸ 5s¹ [Kr] 4d¹⁰ [Kr] 4d¹⁰ 5s¹ [Kr] 4d¹⁰ 5s² [Kr] 4d¹⁰ 5s² 5p¹ [Kr] 4d¹⁰ 5s² 5p² [Kr] 4d¹⁰ 5s² 5p³ [Kr] 4d¹⁰ 5s² 5p⁴ [Kr] 4d¹⁰ 5s² 5p⁵ [Kr] 4d¹⁰ 5s² 5p⁶
[Kr] 5s¹ [Kr] 5s²

132.91
375.7 0.79
55 137.33
502.9 0.89
56 174.97
523.5 1.27
71 178.49
658.5 1.30
72 180.95
761.0 1.50
73 183.84
770.0 2.36
74 186.21
760.0 1.90
75 190.23
840.0 2.20
76 192.22
880.0 2.20
77 195.08
870.0 2.28
78 196.97
890.1 2.54
79 200.59
1007.1 2.00
80 204.38
589.4 1.62
81 207.2
715.6 2.33
82 208.98
703.0 2.02
83 (210)
812.1 2.00
84 (210)
890.0 2.20
85 (220)
1037.0
86
+1 +2 +3 +4 +5 +6 +7 +8 +6 +6 +5 +4 +3 +4 +5 +6 +1

Lu Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
+3 +4 +5 +6 +7 +5 +5 +3 +2 +1 +2 +3 +4 −1
6
Cs Ba *
+2 +3 +4 +5 +6 +4 +4 +2 +1 −4 −3 +2
+2 +3 +4 +5 +3 +2 +1 −2
−1 +2 +3 +4 +2 −1
+1 +2 +3 +1
Caesium Barium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten −1
−2 Rhenium +1
−1 Osmium +2
+1 Iridium −1
−3 Platinum Gold Mercury Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon
[Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹ 6s² [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d² 6s² [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d³ 6s² [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d⁴ 6s² [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d⁵ 6s² −3 [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d⁶ 6s² −2 [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d⁷ 6s² [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d⁹ 6s¹ [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s¹ [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s² [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s² 6p¹ [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s² 6p² [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s² 6p³ [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s² 6p⁴ [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s² 6p⁵ [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s² 6p⁶
[Xe] 6s¹ [Xe] 6s²

(223)
380.0 0.70
87 (226)
509.3 0.90
88 (262)
470.0
103 (261)
580.0
104 (262) 105 (266) 106 (264) 107 (277) 108 (268) 109 (271) 110 (272) 111 (285) 112 (284) 113 (289) 114 (288) 115 (292) 116 (294) 117 (294) 118
**
+1 +2 +3 +4 +5 +6 +7 +8

7
Fr
Francium
Ra
Radium
Lr
Lawrencium
Rf
Rutherfordium
Db
Dubnium
Sg
Seaborgium
Bh
Bohrium
Hs
Hassium
Mt
Meitnerium
Ds
Darmstadtium
Rg
Roentgenium
Cn
Copernicium
Nh
Nihonium
Fl
Flerovium
Mc
Moscovium
Lv
Livermorium
Ts
Tennessine
Og
Oganesson
[Rn] 7s¹ [Rn] 7s² [Rn] 5f¹⁴ 7s² 7p¹ [Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d² 7s² [Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d³ 7s² [Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d⁴ 7s² [Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d⁵ 7s² [Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d⁶ 7s² [Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d⁷ 7s² [Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d⁸ 7s² [Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d⁹ 7s² [Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d¹⁰ 7s² [Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d¹⁰ 7s² 7p¹ [Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d¹⁰ 7s² 7p² [Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d¹⁰ 7s² 7p³ [Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d¹⁰ 7s² 7p⁴ [Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d¹⁰ 7s² 7p⁵ [Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d¹⁰ 7s² 7p⁶

Electron configuration blocks

138.91
538.1 1.10
57 140.12
534.4 1.12
58 140.91
527.0 1.13
59 144.24
533.1 1.14
60 (145)
540.0
61 150.36
544.5 1.17
62 151.96
547.1
63 157.25
593.4 1.20
64 158.93
565.8
65 162.50
573.0 1.22
66 164.93
581.0 1.23
67 167.25
589.3 1.24
68 168.93
596.7 1.25
69 173.05
603.4
70
+3 +4 +4 +3 +3 +3 +3 +3 +4 +3 +3 +3 +3 +3

La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb
+2 +3 +3 +2 +2 +2 +2 +3 +2 +2 +2

*
+2 +2 +1 +1

s * d p Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium
[Xe] 5d¹ 6s² [Xe] 4f¹ 5d¹ 6s² [Xe] 4f³ 6s² [Xe] 4f⁴ 6s² [Xe] 4f⁵ 6s² [Xe] 4f⁶ 6s² [Xe] 4f⁷ 6s² [Xe] 4f⁷ 5d¹ 6s² [Xe] 4f⁹ 6s² [Xe] 4f¹⁰ 6s² [Xe] 4f¹¹ 6s² [Xe] 4f¹² 6s² [Xe] 4f¹³ 6s² [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 6s²

* f (227) 89 232.04 90 231.04 91 238.03 92 (237) 93 (244) 94 (243) 95 (247) 96 (247) 97 (251) 98 (252) 99 (257) 100 (258) 101 (259) 102
499.0 1.10 587.0 1.30 568.0 1.50 597.6 1.38 604.5 1.36 584.7 1.28 578.0 1.30 581.0 1.30 601.0 1.30 608.0 1.30 619.0 1.30 627.0 1.30 635.0 1.30 642.0 1.30
Notes
**
+3 +4 +5 +6 +7 +7 +6 +4 +4 +4 +3 +3 +3 +3

Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No
+3 +4 +5 +6 +6 +5 +3 +3 +3 +2 +2 +2 +2
+2 +3 +4 +5 +5 +4 +1
+3 +4 +4 +3
• 1 kJ/mol ≈ 0.0103636 eV +3 +3 +2

• all elements are implied to have an oxidationstate of zero. Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium
[Rn] 6d¹ 7s² [Rn] 6d² 7s² [Rn] 5f² 6d¹ 7s² [Rn] 5f³ 6d¹ 7s² [Rn] 5f⁴ 6d¹ 7s² [Rn] 5f⁶ 7s² [Rn] 5f⁷ 7s² [Rn] 5f⁷ 6d¹ 7s² [Rn] 5f⁹ 7s² [Rn] 5f¹⁰ 7s² [Rn] 5f¹¹ 6s² [Rn] 5f¹² 7s² [Rn] 5f¹³ 7s² [Rn] 5f¹⁴ 7s²

by Robert Campion / updated 2016, 2018

alkali metals alkaline earth metals lanthanides transition metals unknown properties post-transition metals metalloids reactive nonmetals noble gases
actinides