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    Personality

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    Personality

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    Personality

    Uploaded by

    anmolbansal0876

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 13

    PERSONALITY

    MODULE-I
    ❖ Personality: An Introduction
    ● Personality is a term derived from the Latin word 'persona' which means mask or dress up. This is a

    mix of certain characteristics or qualities which define the character of a person. This is a dynamic
    phenomenon that combines many distinct human traits. It's hard to grasp as it has contextual
    personal characteristics to it.
    ● Personality defines a person's recurring psychological patterns or emotions, feelings, beliefs, and

    behavior.
    ● It represents the overall profile or combination of stable traits capturing a person's unique nature.
    Personality has components, internal as well as external.
    ● External characteristics or physical features are measurable actions based on which we draw
    inferences about the personality of an individual.
    ● The inner factors or cognitive characteristics are inherently more complex feelings, thoughts, ideas,

    values and interests.


    ❖ DEFINITION

    ● According to G W Allport, “Personality is the dynamic organization within the individual of


    those psychophysical systems that determines his unique adjustment to his environment.”
    ● According to R. B. Cattell, “Personality is that which permits a prediction of what a person will

    do in a given situation.”
    ● According to Hogan, “Personality refers to the relatively stable pattern of behaviors and

    consistent internal states that explain a person’s behavioral tendencies.”


    ● According to Eysenck, “Personality is more or less a stable and enduring organization of a

    person’s character, temperament, intelligence and physique which determine his unique
    adjustment to the environment.”
    ● According to Valentine, “Personality is the sum total of innate and acquired disposition.”
    ❖ FACTORS DETERMINING PERSONALITY

    ❖ GENETICS
    ● Traits inherited from parents influence personality
    ❖ ENVIRONMENT
    ● Upbringing, culture, and experiences shape personality.
    ❖ SOCIAL INTERACTIONS
    ● Relationships affect how we develop socially.
    ❖ LIFE EXPERIENCES
    ● Events, challenges, and successes impact personality.
    ❖ LEARNING
    ● Education and exposure contribute to personality development.
    ❖ PERSONAL CHOICES
    ● Decisions we make influence who we become.
    ❖ EMOTIONAL RESPONSES
    ● How we react emotionally is part of personality.
    ❖ THE BIG FIVE PERSONALITY MODEL

    ● The big five model of personality or popularly known as the ‘Big Five’ is a part of ‘Trait theories of Personality’.
    Earlier trait theories illustrated variety of possible traits.
    ● Some of the popular theories are “Gordon Allport's list of 4,000 personality traits, Raymond Cattell's 16 personality
    factors, and Hans Eysenck's three-factor theory.
    ● The five core personality traits theory has been supported by many researches such as D. W. Fiske (1949), Norman
    (1967), and Goldberg (1981). Robert McCrae and Paul Costa (1987) later developed the Five-Factor Model, or
    FFM, which describes personality in terms of five broad factors.”
    ● The big five personality model describes the essential traits that are the fundamentals of personality of a person.
    Curiously, all five personality variables indicate a variation between two extremes, i.e., high or low. Individuals in the
    real world normally fall between these two extremes somewhere in between.
    The five factors of this model or fives traits of the personality are:
    ❖ Agreeableness
    ❖ Extraversion
    ❖ Conscientiousness
    ❖ Neuroticism
    ❖ Openness to experiences
    Note: The acronym CANOE (for conscientiousness, agreeableness, neuroticism, openness, and
    extraversion) is helpful while remembering the big five personality traits.
    ● Agreeableness: It applies to one person's willingness to get along with others. The trait is

    characterized by confidence, collaboration, compassion and empathy. Those who are highly
    agreeable value harmony more than just having a say or a way. They're co-operative and trust
    other people. People who concentrate more on their own needs than on acceptability needs of
    those who are weak.
    ● Extroversion: It represents the degree of comfort a person has with relationships. Extroverts are

    sociable, talkative, assertive and open to new relations. Introverts are less sociable, less talkative,
    less assertive, and more reticent about beginning new relationships.
    ● Conscientiousness: This trait refers to the number of targets a person is focusing on. At one
    point, a person of high conscience focuses on very few goals. Such individuals are believed to
    appear to be well organized, cautious, responsible, self-disciplined, and centered. A person with
    low conscientiousness tends to be less concentrated, and at one time may seek to accomplish
    several goals.
    ● Neuroticism or Emotional stability: This personality trait centers on the ability of an
    individual to cope with stress. Emotionally stable individuals tend to be calm, enthusiastic and
    secure. The emotionally unstable person, on the contrary, appears to be anxious and deprived
    with insecurities.
    ● Openness to Experiences: Creativity and innovation intrigue especially transparent humans.

    They 're willing to listen to new ideas in reaction to new knowledge, and change their own ideas,
    beliefs and attitudes.
    ● At the other hand, those with low levels of transparency tend to be less inclined towards new
    ideas and less likely to change their minds, respectively. These do seem to be less adventurous
    and have less and fewer focused interests.
    ● The “Big Five” framework is considered valuable for managers as study of these personality
    dimensions give them with the power to predict the behavior of individuals in certain situations.
    ❖ PERSONALITY – IMPACT IN THE WORKPLACE

    ● Team Collaboration
    ● Communication Styles
    ● Leadership Approaches
    ● Motivation And Engagement
    ● Conflict Resolution
    ● Decision-making
    ● Problem Solving
    ● Adaptability To Change
    ● Stress Management
    ● Job Satisfaction
    THANK YOU

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