--Module 2

USE TRAINING;
--INSERT INTO PRODUCT VALUES(44,'PRODUCT1',25);
SELECT * FROM PRODUCT;
---
--ALTER TABLE EXERCISE
ALTER TABLE PRODUCT ADD MFG_DATE DATE DEFAULT '2001-01-01' NOT NULL;

SELECT * FROM PRODUCT;

ALTER TABLE PRODUCT DROP COLUMN MFG_DATE ;

SELECT * FROM PRODUCT;

-- Dropping a constraint
ALTER TABLE CUST_ORDER
DROP
DF__CUST_ORDE__o_dat__45F365D3;

------------------------------AGGREGARTION
FUNCTIONS---------------------------------

select * From PRODUCT;

select avg(
CAST(p_price AS INT)
) from PRODUCT;

--AVG Function (Avg P_PRICE of PRODUCTs in PRODUCT table)

SELECT P_NAME,AVG(CAST(P_PRICE AS FLOAT)) as AVG_PRICE
FROM PRODUCT
GROUP BY P_NAME
;
--COUNT Function (Avg P_PRICE of PRODUCTs in PRODUCT table)
SELECT P_NAME,COUNT(P_ID) as CT_PRODUCTS
FROM PRODUCT
GROUP BY P_NAME ;

--MAX Function (MAX P_PRICE of PRODUCTs in PRODUCT table)

SELECT P_NAME,MAX(P_PRICE) as MAX_PRICE
FROM PRODUCT
GROUP BY P_NAME
ORDER BY MAX_PRICE;

SELECT P_DESC,MIN(P_PRICE) as MAX_PRICE

FROM PRODUCT
GROUP BY P_DESC
ORDER BY MAX_PRICE;

--MIN Function (Avg P_PRICE of PRODUCTs in PRODUCT table)

SELECT P_NAME,MIN(P_PRICE) as MIN_PRICE
FROM PRODUCT
GROUP BY P_NAME
ORDER BY MIN_PRICE;
--SUM Function (Avg P_PRICE of PRODUCTs in PRODUCT table)
SELECT P_NAME, SUM(P_PRICE) as SUM_PRICE
FROM PRODUCT GROUP BY P_NAME
ORDER BY SUM_PRICE DESC;

--CHECKSUM_AGG Function (Avg P_PRICE of PRODUCTs in PRODUCT table)

SELECT P_NAME,
CHECKSUM_AGG(CAST(P_PRICE AS INT)) as MIN_PRICE
FROM PRODUCT
GROUP BY P_NAME
;

--CHECKSUM
SELECT
CHECKSUM(CAST(P_PRICE AS VARCHAR(10)))
as MIN_PRICE
FROM PRODUCT
;

--COUNT_BIG Function (Avg P_PRICE of PRODUCTs in PRODUCT table)

SELECT P_NAME,
COUNT_BIG(P_PRICE) as SUM_PRICE
FROM PRODUCT
GROUP BY P_NAME
;
--STDEV Function (Avg P_PRICE of PRODUCTs in PRODUCT table)
SELECT P_NAME,
STDEV(P_PRICE) as STDev_PRICE
FROM PRODUCT
GROUP BY P_NAME
;

--STDDEVP Function (Avg P_PRICE of PRODUCTs in PRODUCT table)

SELECT P_NAME, CAST(STDEVP(P_PRICE) AS DECIMAL (10,2)) as SUM_PRICE
FROM PRODUCT
GROUP BY P_NAME ;

--VAR Function (Avg P_PRICE of PRODUCTs in PRODUCT table)

SELECT P_NAME,VAR(P_PRICE) as VAR_PRICE
FROM PRODUCT
GROUP BY P_NAME;

--------------Mathematical FUNCTION

--ABS Function
SELECT ABS(-1)

--Log function
SELECT LOG10(p_PRICE) from PRODUCT

--SQUARE FUNCTION
SELECT p_PRICE,
SQUARE(p_PRICE) from PRODUCT

--CEILING FUNCTION
SELECT CEILING(1.2)

--FLOOR FUNCTION
SELECT FLOOR(1.2)
--ROUND FUNCTION
SELECT ROUND(1.22234,3)

--POWER FUNCTION
SELECT POWER(3,3)

------------------------------DATE FUNCTIONS---------------------------------
--------------Current date and time
SELECT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP

SELECT GETUTCDATE()

SELECT GETDATE()

SELECT SYSDATETIME()

SELECT SYSDATETIMEOFFSET()

--------------Return date and time parts

SELECT DATENAME(yy, '2017-08-25') AS DatePartString; --return as character

SELECT DATEPART(yy, '2017-08-25') AS DatePartString; --return as INT

SELECT DAY('2017-08-25') AS DatePartString; --return as DAY OF DATE

SELECT MONTH('2017-08-25') AS DatePartString; --return as MONTH OF DATE

SELECT YEAR(
'2017-08-25'
) AS DatePartString; --return as YEAR OF DATE

-------------------------Return date differences

SELECT DATEDIFF(DAY,'2017-08-25','2018-08-25')
AS DatePartString; --return as day diff in DATEs

SELECT DATEDIFF(MONTH,'2017-08-25','2018-08-25') AS DatePartString; --return as

YEAR OF DATE

SELECT DATEDIFF(YEAR,'2017-08-25','2018-08-25') AS DatePartString; --return as

YEAR OF DATE

--------------------- Modify dates

SELECT DATEADD(MONTH,1,GETDATE()) AS NEW_DATE

SELECT EOMONTH(GETDATE()) AS NEW_DATE

SELECT SWITCHOFFSET(
GETDATE(),'+10:00'
) AS NEW_DATE

--Construct date and time from parts

SELECT DATEFROMPARTS(2023,05,27) as new_date

--TIMEFROMPARTS ( hour, minute, seconds, fractions, precision )

SELECT TIMEFROMPARTS(02,02,03,2,2) as new_time
--CHECK IF PARAMETER IS DATE
SELECT ISDATE('2017-01-01')
-------------
/*CREATE TABLE TMP_PRODUCT
(
p_id INT PRIMARY KEY ,
p_name VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL,
p_desc VARCHAR(40) NOT NULL,
p_price FLOAT CHECK(P_PRICE>0) NOT NULL,
p_expiry_date DATE DEFAULT getdate()+180 NOT NULL
);
INSERT INTO TMP_PRODUCT
SELECT * FROM PRODUCT;

SELECT * FROM TMP_PRODUCT;

UPDATE TMP_PRODUCT
SET P_PRICE=0

ALTER TABLE TMP_PRODUCT

ADD CONSTRAINT P_PRICE_CHECK
ON P_PRICE NOT NULL
;
BACKDROP

DROP CONSTRAINT CK__TMP_PRODU__p_pri__4BAC3F29;

DELETE FROM TMP_PRODUCT ;

--WHERE P_id=103;

TRUNCATE TABLE TMP_PRODUCT;

TRUNCATE =DROP + CREATE
*/
-------------------------------------------------STRING FUNCTIONS
--LTRIM Function
SELECT LTRIM(' NEW YORK');
--RTRIM Function
SELECT RTRIM('NEW YORK ');
--TRIM Function
SELECT TRIM(' NEW YORK ');

--LOWER Function
SELECT LOWER('NEW YORK');
--UPPER Function
SELECT UPPER('new york');
--REVERSE Function
SELECT REVERSE('NEW YORK');
--SUBSTRING Function
SELECT SUBSTRING('NEW YORK',2,1500);
--REPLACE FUNCTION
SELECT replace ('NEW YORK YORK','23','');
SELECT replace ('KEEP','EE','ET');

SELECT *, UPPER(EMAIL) AS UPPER_EMAIL FROM CUSTOMER;

--CONCAT FUNCTION
SELECT CONCAT('NEW', 'YORK');
SELECT C_NAME,EMAIL,CONCAT(C_NAME,' ',EMAIL) AS NAME_EMAIL FROM CUSTOMER;
--CONCAT_WS
SELECT CONCAT_WS(',','NEW', ' YORK');
--ASCII
SELECT ASCII('z');
--LENGTH
SELECT LEN('NEW YORK');
SELECT *, LEN(EMAIL) AS LEN_EMAIL FROM CUSTOMER;
-------------------SYSTEM Functions

SELECT CAST('11233' as INT) as converted_datatype; --- ANSI SQL

SELECT *, CAST(P_PRICE AS NUMERIC(7,3)) as NUM_PRICE

FROM PRODUCT;

SELECT CAST('12.00' as FLOAT) as converted_datatype;

SELECT ISNULL('Hello', 'W3Schools.com');--- IS NULL

SELECT ISNULL(NULL, 'W3Schools.com');--- IS NULL

SELECT ISNULL(NULL, NULL);--- IS NULL

SELECT ISNUMERIC('test');
SELECT ISNUMERIC(12345);

SELECT CAST('test' AS INT);

SELECT TRY_CAST('test' AS INT);

----------ALTER COMMAND TO CHANGE DATATYPE
USE TRAINING;
ALTER TABLE PRODUCT
ALTER COLUMN P_DESC VARCHAR(100);

----------------WINDOW FUNCTIONS

--1. RANK & DENSE FUNCTION

USE TRAINING
select * From PRODUCT order by p_name, p_price desc ;

--<WIN FUNCTION> OVER(PARTITION BY / ORDER BY ) AS RN

select *,
RANK() OVER( ORDER BY P_PRICE, p_desc,P_expiry_date ) AS RNK_ASC,
--RANK() OVER( ORDER BY P_PRICE DESC ) AS RNK_DESC,
DENSE_RANK() OVER( ORDER BY P_PRICE ) AS DENSE_RNK,
ROW_NUMBER() OVER( ORDER BY P_PRICE ) AS RN_NUMBER,
CUME_DIST() OVER( ORDER BY P_PRICE ) AS CUM_DIST
FROM
PRODUCT;

SELECT * FROM PRODUCT WHERE P_name='Laptop';

select *,
DENSE_RANK() OVER( ORDER BY P_PRICE DESC) AS RN FROM PRODUCT;

-- RANK WITH PARTITION BY CLAUSE

select *,
DENSE_RANK() OVER( PARTITION BY P_NAME ORDER BY P_EXPIRY_DATE ) AS
RN ,
CAST(CUME_DIST() OVER( PARTITION BY P_NAME ORDER BY P_PRICE ) AS NUMERIC(10,4))*100
AS "CD%"
FROM PRODUCT
;

SELECT * FROM PRODUCT_LAPTOP;

SELECT *FROM PRODUCT_WATCH;

SELECT * ,
DENSE_RANK() OVER (PARTITION BY p_name,P_DESC ORDER BY p_PRICE DESC) AS RN
FROM PRODUCT;

SELECT * FROM PRODUCT_RANK;

--FIRST_VALUE FUNCTION
select *,
FIRST_VALUE(p_price) OVER( PARTITION BY P_NAME ORDER BY P_PRICE ) AS RN
FROM PRODUCT
;

--LAST_VALUE FUNCTION
select *,
LAST_VALUE(p_price) OVER( PARTITION BY p_name ORDER BY P_PRICE
RANGE BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING
) AS LV_PRICE_RANGE,
LAST_VALUE(p_price) OVER( PARTITION BY P_NAME ORDER BY P_PRICE
) AS LV_PRICE
FROM PRODUCT;

--LEAD & LAG FUNCTIONS

select *, LEAD(P_desc,2) OVER( PARTITION BY

P_NAME
ORDER BY P_PRICE ) AS RN1_DESC,
LEAD(P_PRICE,2) OVER( PARTITION BY
P_NAME
ORDER BY P_PRICE ) AS RN2_PRICE
FROM PRODUCT;

select *, LAG(P_PRICE,1) OVER( PARTITION BY

P_NAME
ORDER BY P_PRICE ) AS RN1,
LAG(P_PRICE,2) OVER( PARTITION BY
P_NAME
ORDER BY P_PRICE ) AS RN2
FROM PRODUCT;

select *,
LAG(P_ID,1) OVER( ORDER BY p_id ) AS RN
FROM PRODUCT;

----NTILE
select *, NTILE(3) OVER( PARTITION BY P_NAME ORDER BY P_PRICE DESC) AS RN FROM
PRODUCT;

select *,
PERCENT_RANK()
OVER( PARTITION BY P_NAME ORDER BY P_PRICE ) AS RN FROM PRODUCT;

------CASE FUNCTION

SELECT *,
CASE
WHEN P_PRICE <500 THEN '0-500'
WHEN P_PRICE BETWEEN 500 AND 1000 THEN '500-1000'
ELSE '>1000'
END
AS P_PRICE_CATEGORY
FROM PRODUCT ;

SELECT *,IIF(P_PRICE>500 , 'HIGH', 'LOW/MEDIUM') as P_PRICE_category

from PRODUCT;

---------------USER DEFINED FUNCTIONS

--Scalar function : return single value

--Table Valued functin return a table

select * From PRODUCT;

create function sales_discount (@price float, @discount float)

RETURNS INT
AS
BEGIN
RETURN @price*(1-@discount)
END;

SELECT *, dbo.sales_discount(p_price,0.15) as new_discounted_price

from PRODUCT WHERE
p_desc='Samsung'
UNION
SELECT *,
dbo.sales_discount(p_price,0.10) as new_discounted_price
from PRODUCT WHERE
p_desc='Lenovo' ;

UNION
SELECT *, dbo.sales_discount(p_price,0.25) as new_discounted_price
from PRODUCT WHERE P_NAME='Watch'
;

--dropping a function
DROP function sales_discount;

--TABLE VALUED FUNCTION

--Find expensive PRODUCTs from product table

create function expensive_PRODUCTs1 (@price float)

RETURNS TABLE
AS
RETURN (SELECT * FROM PRODUCT WHERE p_price>=@price)
;

select * from PRODUCT;

select * From dbo.expensive_PRODUCTs(1300);
--drop function expensive_PRODUCTs;