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Learn Ruby - Introduction To Ruby Cheatsheet - Codecademy

This document provides an introduction to Ruby including how to declare variables, use print and puts to output text, write comments, work with numeric and string data types, perform arithmetic operations, use object methods, and get user input. It covers basic syntax and functionality in Ruby.

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Rodrigo Lima Valente
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© © All Rights Reserved
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15 views

Learn Ruby - Introduction To Ruby Cheatsheet - Codecademy

This document provides an introduction to Ruby including how to declare variables, use print and puts to output text, write comments, work with numeric and string data types, perform arithmetic operations, use object methods, and get user input. It covers basic syntax and functionality in Ruby.

Uploaded by

Rodrigo Lima Valente
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Cheatsheets / Learn Ruby

Introduction to Ruby

Ruby Variables
In Ruby, a variable is a place to store values of almost any type including Integer, my_var = 48
Boolean, String, Array, and Hashes.
Each variable has its own name which cannot begin with a capital letter or a number
and we use the equal sign for assigning a value to that variable.
The variable declaration does not require that you mention a specific data type.
The following program declares my_var variable and assigns the value 48 .

Put and print command


put and print commands can be used to display text in the console. print "Hello"
puts "This is written in a new line"
print "Still printing"

Code comments in Ruby


Commenting code helps programmers write free text that is commonly used to explain # I am a single line comment.
the code written, or can even be used to add TODO’s to the code. There are two types
of comments that can be written in Ruby:
Single line comments start with a # . =begin
Multi line comments start with =begin and end with =end . I am a multi line comment.
I can take as many lines as needed.
=end

Numeric data types in Ruby


In Ruby, the Numeric data type represents numbers including integers and floats. # Integer value
x = 1

# Float value
y = 1.2

Arithmetic operations in Ruby


In Ruby, we can use arithmetic operators to evaluate mathematical expressions. The print 1+3
most common Ruby arithmetic operators are addition (+), subtraction (-), division(/),
# Addition: output 4
multiplication(*), exponentiation(**) and modulo(%).

print 1-2
# Subtraction: output -1

print 9/3
# Division: output 3

print 2*3
# Multiplication: output 6

print 2**3
# Exponentiation: output 8

print 16%9
# Modulo: output 7
Ruby Object Methods
In Ruby, methods are built-in abilities of objects. To access an object’s methods, you var = "codecademy"
need to call it using a . and the method name.

# Method to get the length of a string


print var.length # 10

# Method to get the string reversed


print var.reverse # ymedacedoc

# Method to convert all letters to uppercase


print var.upcase # CODECADEMY

Strings in Ruby
Strings in Ruby are a sequence of characters enclosed by single quotation marks (‘’) or # String 1
double quotation marks (“”).
s1 = 'I am a single string!'

# String 2
s2 = "I am a double string!"

Boolean Data Types in Ruby


In Ruby, in order to represent values of truth about specific statements, we use # Boolean true variable
Boolean variables. Boolean variables values are either true or false .
year2019 = true

# Boolean false variable


year2018 = false

Ruby .upcase and .downcase Methods


Ruby strings have an .upcase and a .downcase method used to change their case. puts "codecademy".upcase
.upcase returns a version of the string in all uppercase, and .downcase returns a
# CODECADEMY
version in all lowercase.

puts "Codecademy".downcase
# codecademy

Ruby string interpolation


In Ruby, string interpolation is used to insert the result of Ruby code into a string. age = 30

print "Hi, my name is Cody, and I am #{age} years old"


# "Hi, my name is Cody, and I am 30 years old"

Get user input in Ruby


In Ruby, we can get the user’s input using gets.chomp . gets is the method that is print "Type your name and press Enter: "
used to retrieve user input. Ruby automatically adds a new line after each bit of input,
name = gets.chomp
so chomp is used to remove that extra line.

puts "My name is #{name}!"

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