BÀI TẬP VỀ NHÀ

My Son sites
My Son Sanctuary is a large complex of religious relics that comprises more than 70 architectural
works.
Located in a narrow valley in Duy Tan Commune, Duy Xuyen District, Quang Nam Province. 70km southwest
of Danang City, 20km away from the Tra Kieu Citadel, and 40km away from the Ancient Town of Hoi An. My Son
site is a group of temple-towers of Cham people, an imperial city during the Champa kingdom, an example
displaying the evolution and change in culture, a foremost evidence of Asian civilisation which is now extinct. With
its great value, in December 1999, the complex of My Son Cham Towers has been recognised as a World
Heritage Site by UNESCO.
My Son site was an imperial city during the Cham kingdom, between the 4th and 12th century. The construction of My Son
was likely to have been started in the 4th century. During many centuries, the temple complex had more buildings and stupas
constructed of varying sizes and became the main cultural vestige of the Champa civilization in Vietnam.
Aside from religious celebrations, which allowed the dynastic royals to spiritually connect with the gods, My Son was also
a cultural and religious centre and was the burial place of kings and religious leaders.
My Son has been selected by UNESCO as a world heritage listed site, at its 23rd meeting, under the criteria C (II) and
criteria C (III):
Criterion (II): The My Son Sanctuary is an exceptional example of cultural interchange, with the introduction the Hindu
architecture of the Indian sub-continent into South-East Asia.
Criterion (III):The Champa Kingdom was an important phenomenon in the political and cultural history of South-East
Asia, vividly illustrated by the ruins of My Son.
My Son Sanctuary is a large complex of religious relics that comprises more than 70 architectural works. They include
temples and towers that connect to each other with complicated red brick designs. The main component of the Cham
architectural design is the tower, built to reflect the divinity of the king.
According to records on the stone stele, the prime foundation of the ancient My Son architectural complex was a wooden
temple to worship the Siva Bhadresvera genie. In the late 16th century, a big fire destroyed the temple. Step by step,
historical mysteries were unveiled by scientists.
HISTORY
Through stone stele and royal dynasties, they proved My Son to be the most important Holy Land of the Cham people
from the late 4th to the 15th centuries. For many centuries, the Cham built Lip, a mutually linked architectural complex, with
baked bricks and sandstone. The main temple worships the Linga-Yoni, who represents the capability of invention. Beside
the main tower (Kalan) are several sub-towers worshipping Genies or deceased kings.
Although time and the wars have destroyed some towers, the remaining sculptural and architectural remnants still reflect
the style and history of the art of the Cham people. Their masterpieces mark a glorious time for the architecture and culture of
the Cham, as well as of Southeast Asia.
Each historical period has its own identity, so that each temple worshipping a genie or a king of a different dynasty has its
own architectural style full of different impression. All of the Cham towers were built on a quadrate foundations and each
comprises three parts: a solid tower base, representing the world of human beings, the mysterious and sacred tower body,
representing the world of spirits, and the tower top built in the shape of a man offering flowers and fruits or of trees, birds,
animals, etc., representing things that are close to the spirits and human beings.
ARCHITECTURE
According to many researchers of the ancient Cham towers, the architectural art of the Cham towers at My Son
Sanctuary is the convergence of different styles, including the continuity of the ancient style in the 7th-8th centuries, the Hoa
Lai style of the 8th-9th centuries, the Dong Duong style from the mid-9th century, the My Son and My Son- Binh Dinh styles,
etc.
Among the remnants of many architectural sites excavated in 1898, a 24 metres high tower was found in the Thap Chua
area and coded A I by archaeologists and researchers on My Son. This tower is a masterpiece of ancient Cham architecture.
It has two doors, one in the east and the other in the west.
The tower body is high and delicate with a system of paved pillars; six sub-towers surround the tower. This two storey
tower looks like a lotus flower. The top of the upper layer is made of sandstone and carved with elephant and I ion designs. In
the lower layer, the walls are carved with fairies and water evils and men riding elephants. Unfortunately, the tower was
destroyed by US bombs in 1969.
After the My Son ancient tower complex was discovered, many of its artifacts, especially statues of female dancers and
genies worshipped by the Cham people, worship animals and artifacts of the daily communal activities, were collected and
displayed at the Cham Architecture Museum in Danang city.
Although there are not many remnants left, those that remain display the typical sculptural works of cultural value of the
Cham nationality. Furthermore, they are vivid proof, confirming the history of a nationality living within the Vietnamese
community boasting of a rich cultural tradition.
My Son is one of the can-not-miss attractions when you visit Central Vietnam. Usually, tourists come to Hoi An ancient
town and then take a day tour from there to this site. Holding the unique sanctuary beauty of an ancient culture as well as
diversified architecture style, My Son holy-land will be a treat for cultural and architecture lovers. For day tours departing from
Hoi An to this site, visitors might want to check out this itinerary for a day trip form Hoi An, or this itinerary for visiting both Hoi
An and My Son from City Insight tour.
TIPS FOR TRAVELING TO VIETNAM:
To ensure a smooth and enjoyable trip, whether you're interested in exploring Vietnam as a whole or the historical and
cultural site of My Son specifically, consider the following detailed advice:
To ensure your trip goes smoothly and does not encounter unwanted problems, consulting tours in Vietnam from
reputable travel companies is an important step. Reputable travel companies often offer diverse tour packages, from visiting
famous landmarks to experiencing Vietnam's unique culture.
When researching travel options, pay attention to details such as schedules, destinations, activities, and costs. This helps
you choose a trip that aligns with your preferences and budget. Additionally, reading reviews from travelers who have taken
similar trips provides valuable insights into their experiences and evaluations of the travel service.
Aside from planning your trip, familiarizing yourself with the local culture and language is essential. Vietnam boasts a
unique culture, rich language, and exquisite cuisine. Understanding customs, traditions, and the language will enhance your
interactions with the local people and help you avoid misunderstandings.
Equally important is understanding the visa procedures and insurance requirements for your journey. This includes
checking whether you need a visa to enter Vietnam and, if necessary, applying for one before your arrival. Regarding
insurance, ensure you have suitable medical and travel coverage to safeguard your health and finances in case of
emergencies.
In summary, thorough research and preparation are vital for your trip. Exploring travel options, gaining insights into local
culture and language, and fulfilling visa and insurance requirements are essential steps to ensure a fantastic and secure
travel experience in Vietnam.

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