WORKSHEET

CHAPTER 3: DYNAMICS

Directions for questions from 1 to 5: Directions for questions from 6 to 10:

Select the correct alternative from the given options. State whether the following statements are true or
false.
1. Which of the following has the greatest value of coef-
ficient of friction? 6. On a rainy day, it is difficult to drive a car or bus at high
(a) Static friction speed.
(b) Rolling friction 7. A rocket moves forward by pushing the exhaust gas
(c) Sliding friction backwards.
(d) Fluid friction 8. Action and reaction act on the same object.
2. Identify a conserved physical quantity during collision 9. Limiting friction is less than dynamic friction.
from the following: 10. An unbalanced external force is necessary to cause
(a) Momentum motion in a body at rest.
(b) Mass Directions for questions from 11 to 15:
(c) Velocity Answer the following questions.
(d) Both (a) and (b) 11. A bullet of mass 40 g is fired with a velocity 200 m s–1
3. If kinetic energy is decreased by 36%, find the percent- into a block of mass 4 kg which is placed at rest on the
age decrease in momentum. horizontal rough surface (the coefficient of friction, m
= 0.6). Then the bullet embeds in the block and both
(a) 40% (b) 98%
start to move. Find the distance travelled by the system
(c) 20% (d) 23% (bullet + block) before it comes to rest. (Take g = 10
4. Why does a body rolling on the surface of the Earth m s–2)
come to the state of rest after some time? 12. Bullets are fired from a gun at the rate of 30 per min-
(a) it has mass. ute. If 12 N of force is required to keep the gun in
(b) it experiences friction. position, find the speed of each bullet. Mass of each
bullet is 30 g.
(c) it has inertia of rest.
(d) All of the above 13. What is the work done by a motor to lift 500 kg of a
block to 10 m height?
5. When a horse pulls a cart, the force which helps
14. If the horsepower of an engine A is double that of
the horse to move forward is the force exerted by
another engine B. Then what is the ratio of time
_________.
span of engines A and B, respectively, to do the same
(a) the cart on the horse. amount of work?
(b) the ground on the horse.
15. A machine gun can fire 150 bullets per minute. If the
(c) the ground on the cart. mass of the bullet is 20 g and its velocity is 50 m s–1,
(d) the horse on the ground. then calculate the rate of work done by the gun.

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 ANSWER KEYS
1. (a) 2. (d) 3. (c) 4. (b) 5. (b)
6. True 7. True 8. False 9. False 10. False
11. 0.33m 12. 800 ms–1 13. 49000 J 14. 1:2 15. 62.5W

HINTS AND EXPLANATION

1. Static friction is greater in value than rolling friction 5. When a horse pulls a cart, the horse pushes the ground
and sliding friction. back, as a result the ground exerts force in the forward
Hence, the correct option is (a). direction, this helps the horse to move in the forward
direction.
2. Momentum and mass are conserved during collision.
Hence, the correct option is (d). 6. It is true that, on a rainy day, it is difficult to drive a car
or bus at high speed.
3. Let the initial kinetic energy be (K.E)1 = E1 and final
kinetic energy be (K.E)2 = E2 7. A rocket does not move forward by pushing the exhaust
gas backwards.
= (0.64) E1
8. Action and reaction does not act on the same object.
P2
K.E = ⇒ P = 2mE 9. Limiting friction is less than dynamic friction.
2m
10. An unbalanced external force is not necessary to cause
P1 = 2mE1
motion in a body at rest.
and P2 = 2mE 2
11. From law of conservation of momentum
ΔP = P1 – P2
mV1 + Mu2 = mV1 + MV2
 P 
= P1  1 − 2  mu1 + Mu2 = (m + M )V (∴V1 = V2 )
P1 


(40 × 10 ) (200) + (4)(0) = (4 + 0.04)V
−3

2mE 2 
= 2mE1  1 −  8 = (4.04)V
 2mE1 
 8
 E 2  ⇒ V = m s −1
= P1  1 −  (4.04)
 E1 
 = 1.98 m s −1
 0.64 E1 
= P1  1 −
According to law off conservation of energy,
 
 E1  1
(M + m )V 2 = m (M + m ) gs
= P1 (1 − 0.8 ) 2
= P1 ( 0.2 ) 1 2
V = µgs
= 0.2P1 2
υ2
∆P 0.2P1 s=
∴ = = 0.2 2µg
P1 P1
∴ Perecentage decrease in the momentum is 20% =
(1.98)2

2 × 0.6 × 10

Hence, the correct option is (c).
1.98 × 1.98
4. Due to friction on the surface of the Earth, a body =
12
comes to a state of rest after some time.
= 0. 33 m
Hence, the correct option is (b).

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 n
= 150bullets / minute
t
150
= bullets / seconds
60
12. Force required to keep the gun’s position is
n 5
nmυ = bullets / s
F= t 2
t Mass of the bullet (mb )=20 g; total mass per minute
( 30 ) ( 30 ×10−3 ) υ =150 × 20=3000 g/min
12 =
60 m = 3 kg/min
24 Rate of work done = ?
V = ×10 3 = 800 m s−1
30
u = 50m s−1 ; υ = 0 m s−1
13. m = 500 kg;h = 10 m; g = 9.8 m s−2 Power = rate of work done
W = mgh work done
=
= 500 × 9.8 × 10 time
1
= 98 × 500 = 49000 J m (υ2 − u 2 )
= 2
p1 t
14. =2 −mu 2
p2 =
W1 = W2 2t
3 × 50 × 50
p1 W1 t1 P =−
= × 2 × 60
p2 W2 t 2
= 62.5 W
t1 P1
= = 1: 2
t 2 P2

n
15. = 150bullets / minute
t
150
= bullets / seconds
60
n 5
= bullets / s
t 2
Mass of the bullet (mb )=20 g; total mass per minute
=150 × 20=3000 g/min
m = 3 kg/min
Rate of work done = ?
u = 50m s−1 ; υ = 0 m s−1
Power = rate of work done
work done
=
time
1
m (υ2 − u 2 )
= 2
t
−mu 2
=
2t
3 × 50 × 50
P =−
2 × 60
= 62.5 W

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